URBAN MODELS LESSON

lesson plan & student activity created by Laura Kmetz, Booker T. Washington High School, Dallas TX

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: VII. C. Models of internal city structure and urban development provide a framework for urban analysis.

1. Explain the models of internal city structure and urban development.

a. Classic models that are useful for explaining the internal structures of cities and urban development are the Burgess concentric-zone model, the Hoyt sector model, and the Harris– Ullman multiple-nuclei model.

b. The galactic city model is useful for explaining internal structures and urban development within metropolitan areas.

c. World-regional models (e.g., Latin America, Africa) are useful (with limitations) for explaining land use and urban development.

RATIONALE: Although students do need to be able to identify individual rings of the concentric zone model, they do not need to be able to specifically identify all areas of each of the other models outlined in the course articulation. Taking notes on each model during class may prevent some students from seeing patterns and exceptions to patterns and connecting the various models to world regions with which they are familiar.

HOOK: Have students examine “A Map of Every City.” (Note: It is edited slightly from the original because of language.) Questions are provided if you wish to use them.

GUIDING QUESTION: Although we travel the world looking for what’s unique about cities, many of them have the same internal structure. What is that structure? Which land uses are common regardless of where a city is?

ACTIVITIES:1) Pass out “A Map of Every City” and have students individually examine and respond to it, then

share with a partner.2) Discuss/review land uses common to urban settlements. If necessary, you could introduce this by

talking about the use of space in schools.3) Discuss/review vocabulary.4) Pass out the models to students (last three pages of this document; print a set for each group) and

have them sort them as specified in the student worksheet. Check them group by group or as a whole class.

5) Have students work through the rest of the questions. 6) formative assessment options:

a) exit slip: Have students answer the guiding questions.b) Socrative: Students answer five multiple choice questions. socrative code:SOC-39315177

NAME______________________________________________PERIOD____

MODELS OF INTERNAL CITY STRUCTURE

Although we travel the world looking for what’s unique about cities, many of them have the same internal structure.

1. Which land uses do all cities have in common?_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2. urban vocabulary--Write the word next to its definition: alien, central business district, commuter, edge cities, industry, squatter settlement, suburb

______________________________nodes of economic activity that have developed in the periphery of large cities; “mini downtowns” of hotels, malls, restaurants, & office complexes; usually have tall buildings, concentrated retail, & few residences & are located near the convergence of major transportation routes

______________________________an outlying area of a city, typically highly residential

______________________________immigrant; someone who is not a naturalized citizen of the country in which he/she is living

______________________________economic activity associated with the processing of raw materials into manufactured goods

______________________________the main commercial area of a city; in the US and Canada, they are characterized by expensive land and skyscrapers and often include “underground cities” (yep, Seattle has ‘em! We call them the “tunnels”!); housing tends to be high-density, & industry/manufacturing is rare

______________________________areas of poorly built or makeshift housing

______________________________someone who does not live within walking distance to work and must drive or take other transportation to work

3. Sort the models into those that seem to apply to LDCs and those that seem more typical of MDCs. Explain your thinking.

4. Sort the models more applicable to MDCs into the five based on North American cities and the one that seems to apply to Western European cities. Explain your thinking.

5. Sort the five North American models into chronological order. Explain your thinking. Focus on connecting your reasoning to advances in transportation (Borchert’s Epochs).

6. Determine which of the remaining four world regional models is which, and explain your thinking:

Islamic City (Middle Eastern):______________________________________________________

Latin American:_________________________________________________________________

Southeast Asian: ________________________________________________________________

Sub-Saharan Africa:______________________________________________________________

.7. The first three North American, or classic, models were based on Chicago. What best explains this?A. Chicago was the first major city in the United States.B. Chicago has been the most densely populated city since the census began.C. Chicago is the only North American city that was planned in advance of being built.D. Chicago is located on an isotropic plain and was able to expand to the north, south, and west

without interruption caused by topography.

8. Which of the North American models do you see as most applicable to Seattle, and why? NOTE: There’s not necessarily a “right” answer; I want you to apply the concepts of a particular model to particular aspects of Seattle.

9. Bellvue is an example of an edge city of Seattle. Explain why using names of specific shopping areas and roads/highways.

10. A metropolitan area is a region consisting of a densely populated urban core and its less-populated surrounding territories. They share industry, infrastructure, and housing. How does the galactic city/peripheral model explain urban development in metropolitan areas?

11. In the concentric zone model, formulated in 1920, why do commuters live in the outermost ring?

12. In the Hoyt sector model, why do the city’s wealthiest people live along a corridor that runs outward from the CBD? In other words, what do you think is in that corridor other than high-class residential homes and that would connect that corridor to the CBD?

13. How does the galactic model reflect the beginning of what Rostow called “the age of mass consumption”?

13. In the urban realms model, where do edge cities typically develop?

14. Where do you see the influence of colonization in the Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan African models?

15. In what two ways can the influence of religion be seen in the Islamic city model?

16. Which world models reflect the influence of in-migration? Explain the significance of this.

CONCENTRIC ZONE MODEL HOYT SECTOR MODEL

MULTIPLE NUCLEI MODEL URBAN REALMS MODEL

GALACTIC OR PERIPHERAL MODEL