exploring ancient egypt - falcon school district 49 · 2020-05-04 · texas and new mexico...

Grades 1-4

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ExploringAncient Egypt

Learning Lapbook with Study Guide

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Copyright 2011 A Journey Through Learning 1

Authors-Paula Winget and Nancy FilecciaCopyright © 2011 A Journey Through Learning

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Hamburger Fold-Fold horizontally Hotdog Fold-Fold vertically

Dotted Lines-These are the cutting lines.

Accordion Fold-This fold is like making a paper fan. Fold on the first line so that title is on top. Turn over and fold on next line so that title is on top again. Turn over again and fold again on the next line so that title is on top. Continue until all folds are done.

Cover Labels-Most of the booklets that are folded look nicer with a label on top instead of just a blank space. They will be referred to as “cover label.”

Folder 1

This placement key tells you the template goes in the first folder at the top of the left flap.

How do I know where to place each template in the folder?

How Long Does it Take to Complete the Lapbook?

Doing a study guide page and mini-booklet a day, a 3-folder lapbook takes about one month to complete. However, you can expand the study portion and make it last as long as you like! That’s the beauty of homeschooling! Do it YOUR way!

Lapbook Assembly Choices(see photos on how to fold and glue your folders together)

We recommend using Zip Dry Glue or Elmer's Extreme.

Choice #1 -Do not glue your folders together until you have completely finished all three folders. It is easier to work with one folder instead of two or three glued together.

Choice #2 -Glue all of your folders together before beginning. Some children like to see the entire project as they work on it. It helps with keeping up with which folder you are supposed to be working in. The choices are completely up to you and your child!

Keep in mind that children of the same age can have very different academic and motor skills. Some children may have trouble writing in some of the smaller spaces of this lapbook. If this describes your child, we encourage you to let your

child dictate the answers and you write for him. A lapbook is to be a fun project, not stressful.


Folding a Lapbook Base

Gather the number of folders required for the project. Fold them flat as seen here.

Original fold line

For each folder, fold the left and right sides inward toward the original line to create two flaps. Crease so that the highest part of each flap is touching the original line. It is important not to let the two flaps overlap. You may want to take a ruler and run it down each crease to make it sharper.

Highest part of flap.

GLUE

GLUE

Glue your folders together by putting glue (or you may staple) on the inside of the flaps. Then press the newly glued flaps together with your hands until they get a good strong hold to each other. Follow this step to add as many folders as you need for your project. Most of our lapbooks have either 2 or 3 folders.

GLUE

GLUE

Photo of a completedlapbook base


Folder 1

Types of PeopleIn Ancient Egypt

Archeologists

FascinatingEgyptians

Map 1 Map 2

Vocabulary

Folder 2

Farming

EgyptianDress

The Nile R

iver

PyramidsVocabulary

That’sAmazing

ColoringSheet

of the GodRa


Cut out the page around the dotted lines. Glue to the front of your closed lapbook. Complete an Egyptian scene. Remember to add camels, people and more.

Exploring Ancient Egypt


Ancient Egyptians lived along the banks of the Nile a long, long time ago. There they built one of the most important civilizations. Ancient Egyptians were really smart. They were among the first people to use writing and develop a calendar. They farmed the rich land left behind by the floodwaters of the Nile. The Ancient Egyptians were also incredible builders. Some of the structures they built still stand today, thousands of years later.

Egyptians traveled along the river to different countries bringing their products and trading them for the products of that country. They also traded by land. This trading, whether by land or river, made Ancient Egypt a rich country.

The civilization the Egyptians managed to build is one of the most fascinating ones in history. Archeologists, scientists that study ancient artifacts, have been able to tell us a lot about the way these incredible people lived. An artifact is anything made by humans: tools, weapons, pots and pans, cloth and jewelry. Archeologists, like detectives, piece together evidence to tell us about the people of the past.

Why are the Ancient Egyptians so Fascinating?


Read Why are the Ancient Egyptians so Fascinating?Cut out booklet as one piece. Fold in half. Glue into lapbook.Directions: Inside of the booklet, write or draw what you have learned. Have an adult write for you, if needed.

Folder 1

Why are the Ancient

Egyptians so fascinating?


Read Why are the Ancient Egyptians so Fascinating?Cut out booklet and fold in half. Glue into lapbook. Directions: Inside of the booklet, tell or draw your answer. Have an adult write for you, if needed.

Folder 1

What is an Archeologist?


Ancient Egyptians were ruled by a king called a pharaoh. The pharaoh and his family lived in a grand palace and wore the finest clothing. Their food, made by their servants, was only the best. The pharaoh was considered not only the king but also the high priest.

Even though the pharaoh was the high priest, there were other priests. These priests were in charge of taking care of the temple and leading the worship of their many gods.

Another important people in Ancient Egyptian society were the scribes. Scribes were very well educated. They were called scribes because they knew how to write the complicated Egyptian writing called hieroglyphs. Scribes usually worked in the temple alongside the priests. They wrote scrolls and inscriptions on temple walls and tombs.

A country always needs an army. The army was made up of soldiers who guarded the king and defended the country in case of war.

The ordinary people were the majority. They were the ones that did most of the work. They raised cattle, fished in the river, made the crafts, and built the temples and houses. The houses were built of mud bricks. In the cities, the houses were two or three stories high and very close together. They were often dark and cramped. The streets were full of garbage (No garbage collection back then!) and very smelly.

What Types of People Lived in Ancient Egypt?


Folder 1 Read What Types of People Lived in Ancient Egypt.Cut out the booklet on the outside lines as one piece. Fold up the bottom section. Next, fold down the top section. This creates an envelope. Glue into lapbook. Cut out four cards from the next two pages.Directions: Draw something about each of the four types of people on your cards. Place into the envelope when you are done.

The People of Ancient Egypt


Pharaoh

Scribe

Army


Ordinary People


Egypt is located in the northeastern corner of the continent of Africa and it is attached to the continent of Asia by the Sinai Peninsula.

If you look at a map, you will notice that Egypt’s borders run in a straight line giving it roughly a square shape.

The country of Egypt is around the size of the states of Texas and New Mexico combined. It can be divided in four geographical regions:

~The Nile Valley and the delta where most of Egyptians live.

~The Western Desert which takes up about two thirds of the land (about the size of Texas). A desert is a very dry area of land covered with sand.

~ The Eastern Desert lies between the Nile to the west and the Red Sea to the east. It is about the size of the state of Utah.

~ The Sinai Peninsula, the only part of Egypt that is not on the African continent. It connects Africa to the Middle East.

The Land of Egypt


Folder 1Read The Land of Egypt.Cut out the two maps on this page. Glue into lapbook.Directions: Follow the directions inside each map below.

Valley of the Kings

Amana*

Upper Egypt

Lower Egypt

GizaCairo

Nile River

**

*MemphisSaqqara

Mediterranean Sea

*Alexandria

*Thebes

Red Sea

Gulf of Suez

Sinai Peninsula*

Middle Egypt

Egypt

North Atlantic Ocean

Europe

Mediterranean SeaMiddle East

Arabian SeaAfrica

Indian Ocean

Lake Victoria

Tropic of Capricorn

EquatorSouth Atlantic Ocean

Tropic of Cancer

Color the continent of Africa yellow.

Color Egypt green.

Color the Nile River blue.

Circle the SinaiPeninsula red.


Folder 1

Cut out the booklet. Hotdog fold along middle line. Cut on dotted lines to make four tabs. Glue into lapbook.Directions: Match the vocabulary words with the correct definitions on next page.

Pharaoh

Scribes

Temples

Archeologists


Cut out the definitions. Match the definitions with the correct word on the previous page. Then glue definition under the word.

Scientists that study ancient artifacts.

Buildings dedicated to the worship of the Egyptians

many gods.

They wrote scrolls and inscriptions on temple walls

and tombs.

A ruler of the Ancient Egyptians.


The civilization of Ancient Egypt, one of the oldest civilizations of the world, was born on the valley of the Nile river.

The Nile river is the longest river in the world. It has two main branches: the White Nile which starts at Lake Victoria on the border of Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya and the Blue Nile which begins at Lake Tana in Ethiopia. These two branches join around the city of Khartoum in Sudan. It then flows through desert country in Egypt until it reaches the Mediterranean Sea.

After it passes Cairo, the capital of Egypt, and before it reaches the Mediterranean, the Nile divides into several branches and forms a fan shaped area called a Delta.

The civilization of Ancient Egypt would never have survived and flourished without the Nile river. Before modern times, the people of Egypt depended on the flooding of the Nile to fertilize the land. Each year, between June and October, the floodwaters of the Nile filled the land near the bank of the river. When the waters went back to the river, the soil left behind was rich and ready to be planted.

Egyptian farmers used the banks of the Nile to plant beans, vegetables and grains.

The Nile also provide the Egyptians with much of the food they ate- fish, crocodiles and even a hippopotamus or two!

The Nile River


Read The Nile River.Cut out each booklet. Stack together and fasten with a brad or staple. Glue into lapbook. Directions: Inside of the booklet, draw things that could be found in the Nile!

Folder 2


For their food, Ancient Egyptians depended on the land. They grew wheat, barley, grapes, figs and vegetables.

The farm year was divided in three seasons:~The time of the flood: In June, the river would swell with the water coming from the rains in the highlands of Ethiopia. The water overflowed and filled the land. During this time, the farmers could not farm, so they repaired their tools, their houses and other buildings.~The time of planting and growing: By November, the waters had retreated and it was time to plant. Using oxen, the farmers prepared the soil. Once it was ready, they planted the seeds. During this growing season, the farmer’s job was to weed and water the crops.~The time of harvest and drought: By March or April, the crops were ready to be harvested. It was the busiest time of the whole year.

At the end of the farm year, the Ancient Egyptians had celebrations to thank and honor their gods for a good year.

Farming in Ancient Egypt


Read Farming in Ancient Egypt.Cut out all shapes on this page and the next. Stack them on top of each other and fasten them together with a brass fastener.Directions: On each piece, draw or glue a picture of the food eaten by the Egyptians.

Folder 2

Wheat

Barley Grapes

Farming


Barely Grapes

Figs Vegetables


Egypt has very hot weather so light, cool clothing is needed. Ancient Egyptian children wore nothing but sandals until they were close to the age of ten. Men and women wore clothing made out of linen.

What your clothing looked like had to do a lot with your position in society. Working men wore just a short piece of cloth wrapped around their hips like a skirt or wrapped between the legs like a loincloth. Working women wore tunics that reached to their knees.

Wealthy people wore a more delicate linen. The women wore their tunics long, while the men wore tunics that reached to their knees. Their clothing was more complicated to make with more folds and pleats.

Wealthy men and women wore wigs for special occasions. Sometimes, the women placed a hair cone on top their head full of perfumed wax. When the wax melted, it made them smell good. Ancient Egyptians also used a lot of eye make-up. This eye make-up, called kohl, was made of dark colored minerals mixed with oils. They also wore lots and lots of jewelry.

How Did the Egyptians Dress?


Flap Flap

Hamburger Fold

Read How Did the Egyptians Dress?Cut out booklet as one piece. Fold the back section up and then glue down the flaps to form a pocket. Glue into lapbook. Directions: Cut out the cards on the next two pages. On each card, draw or glue a picture of an Egyptian man or woman wearing the clothes they would have worn.

Folder 2

Clothing


Working Class Men Working Class Women

Wealthy Women Wealthy Men


The Ancient Egyptians have left us a treasure: the pyramids. The pyramids are named after their pyramid shape. A pyramid has four sides or faces that meet at a point at the top. They can have a three sided base or a square base. The Egyptian pyramids have a square base.

The Egyptian pyramids have been around for a long, long time. They were built more than 4,500 years ago. That makes them really, really old! The pyramids were built to serve as tombs for the pharaohs. They are made of stones and took a long time to build.

The largest pyramid in Egypt is known as the Great Pyramid. This pyramid, along two other large pyramids and several smaller ones, were built at a place called Giza. The Great Pyramid was built for King Khufu and it is believed that it took 20 years to build it.

Close to the Great Pyramid stands the pyramid built for Khufu‘s son, Khafra. It is built on higher ground so it looks bigger but it is not. Nearby, we can also see the pyramid of Khafra’s son, Menkaura. Around these, there are some smaller pyramids built for the queens.

Why did the Ancient EgyptiansBuild Pyramids?


Read Why did the Ancient Egyptians Build Pyramids?Cut out the booklet as one piece on the outer lines. Begin folding at the top triangle. Continue folding. Glue into lapbook.Directions: On each fold, write or draw something you have learned. Have an adult help you write, if needed.

Folder 2

Pyramids


Why and How did the AncientEgyptians Make Mummies?

Ancient Egyptians believed that when a person dies, the soul leaves the body. The soul is judged by the god Osiris. If the person is judged to have lived a good life, the soul is welcomed into the world of the spirits to live there forever. In this case, the soul, they believe, would still need a body to live in. It is important, then, to keep the person’s body in good condition.

The process used to preserve the body is called mummification. The body that has been preserved is called a mummy. Preserving the body this way is a long and costly process. Only the rich and powerful were able to afford it.

After the body was preserved, it was wrapped in long strips of linen. Small charms or trinkets called amulets were placed in the layers of linen. They were believed to protect the body on its travels to the underworld. After the body was wrapped, a mask was placed over the face. The mummy was then placed in a sarcophagus or coffin. The sarcophagus was painted with the portrait of the dead person. In this way, the soul would easily find its body. Lastly, the arms were tied together. A papyrus scroll was placed between the wrapped hands. It contained spells from the Book of the Dead.

The process of mummification was a religious one and a priest was in charge of saying special prayers every step of the way. Mummification was a very important job. Without it, the soul will never be able to rejoin its body.


Read Why and How did the Ancient Egyptians Make Mummies?Cut out the booklet as one piece.Directions: Use toilet paper and “dress” the mummy. Cut out the mask and amulets from the next page. Place the amulets in as your wrap your mummy. Roll up a piece of paper to create your scroll. Use a piece of string to tie your hands. Place the scroll in the hands. Glue the mask on your mummy. Now glue the mummy into the lapbook.

Folder 2


Death Mask

Draw three different amulets.


The Religion of theAncient Egyptians

The Ancient Egyptians were polytheists. That means that they worshipped many different gods. They believed their gods made the sun rise, the river flood and the crops grow.

Each Egyptian town had its own god, and even families had their special gods to whom they prayed. The king of Egypt, the pharaoh, was also considered a god. His job was to protect the people.

The gods were served by the priests who took care of the temples and were in charge of the sacrifices. The most important god was Ra, the sun god. Ra was represented as a falcon, scarab (a kind of beetle) or a sun disk. Other important gods were:~Amon- god of the city of Thebes.~Isis- the mother goddess who protected children and taught women to be homemakers.~Nut- the goddess of the sky.~Osiris-the god of corn and fertile crops. He was in charge of judging the soul after death.~Anubis-the god of the underworld who led the dead into the afterlife.


Read The Religion of the Ancient Egyptians.Cut out the booklet. Glue into lapbook.Directions: Color the god, Ra.

Folder 2

Ra


Folder 2

Cut out the booklet. Hotdog fold along middle line. Cut on dotted lines to make four tabs. Glue into lapbook.Directions: Match the vocabulary words with the correct definitions on next page.

Pyramids

Mummification

Delta

Polytheist


Cut out the definitions. Match the definitions with the correct word on the previous page. Then glue definition under the word.

The process used to preserve the body.

Ones who worship many different gods.

Built to serve as tombs for the pharaohs.

The Nile divides into several branches and

forms a fan shaped area called this.


That’sAmazing!

Cut out booklet and fold in half. Glue into lapbook. Directions: Inside of the booklet, write something amazing that you have learned while doing this study.

Folder 3


Cook Like an Egyptian

Baking Bread in PotsUse your favorite recipe for bread

Prepare the pot for baking.

One 5 inch unpainted, unglazed terra cotta clay pot. Scrub the pot thoroughly in hot soapy water. Rinse well and allow to dry overnight. Rub the inside with vegetable oil. Keep oiling until the pots will absorb no more. Place the pots on a cookie sheet covered with a piece of aluminum foil. Place in a COLD oven. Heat the oven to 400 degrees then turn off the heat and allow to cool. Oil and heat once more to season the pots. Now they are ready for use. Always grease the pots before baking in them, especially on the lip. Prepare dough, let the dough rise once as you normally would. Then shape in a ball and allow to rise in the pot to shape the dough. The ball should half fill the pot. Baking time will depend on the size of the pots used and the type of bread. Use the same temperature that your recipe calls for. Let the bread cool in the pots for about 5 minutes then remove from the pots to a cooling rack.

Honey Barley Flatbread

1 cup barley flour½ cup water1/3 cup honey1 tbsp oilHandful of raisins, figs and coconut (can be added to batter)

Mix together and pour into a small oiled pan. Bake for 20-30 minutes in a hot over. (375). The cake will be flat and dark. Barley does not rise and gets darker as it bakes.

Egyptian Salad

Peel two large cucumbers and dice them. Place in a mixing bowl. Add 2 cups plain yogurt, 2 tsp. dill, and 4 tsp. lemon juice. Stir until blended. Add salt and pepper. Top with fresh mint Cover with plastic wrap and chill for 145 minutes or until ready to serve.


Books To Read

Adventures in Ancient Egypt By Linda Bailey

Who Was King Tut?By Roberta Edwards

Usborne Who Built the Pyramids?By Jane Chisholm & Struan Reid

Projects About Ancient EgyptBy David C. King


Crafts

Use a shoe box to create a diorama of an Egyptian town or the Nile River.

Use Lego, clay or play-doe to make pyramids.

Making Papyrus

Collect long types of grasses or reeds. Weave them together like you were making a placement. You can anchor one end using masking tape. Once you have created your mat, pound both sides with a rock to flatten out. Hang your mat out in the sun on a clothesline to completely dry out!

Ancient Egypt Salt Dough Cartouches

In Egyptian hieroglyphs, a cartouche was an oval with a horizontal line at one end, indicating that the text enclosed is a royal name - rather like a name plate! They were found attached to coffins and also on the jeweler of pharaohs.

Instructions:

Roll out a piece of salt dough to about 1/2cm thick. Cut out an oval. Roll out a long sausage shape. Stick the sausage around the edge of the oval, twisting it slightly as you go so it looks like rope. Press the ends together.

Carefully transfer it to a baking sheet and bake at 160˚F (70˚C) for about 2 hours.

1 quantity of salt doughAcrylic paint (gold, red, blue and black)Varnish (optional)

During the mummification process the organs were removed from the corpse and placed in special containers called canopic jars.

We made our own simple versions of these jars using empty ice cream containers, though any similar sized container would have been suitable. We used air-drying clay to shape the heads which formed the lids of the canopic jars. This was then left to dry for 24-48 hours.

We then painted the lids in suitable colors. The body of the jar was covered in paper and decorated with hieroglyphics – we actually wrote our names in hieroglyphics for fun.

Variations on this project could include making the lid from paper mache instead of clay – scrunch up balls of paper to give a basic shape and then apply paper mache over this, allow to dry and then paint.

Making Canopic

Jars


You will need:

Gold cardBlue paperGlue StaplerCut a band of gold card about 5cm wide and long enough to wrap around your head

Either enlarging our template on a photocopier or using our photo (above) as a guide, draw an outline of a headdress shape onto gold card. Cut out and staple to the centre of the gold band.Cut strips of blue paper and glue them around the headdress as in the picture (above). Trim off any overhanging edges.

Make a snake from a gold card body and a blue paper head and glue to the top of the headdress.

Bend the card band around your head and staple the ends to make it fit

Make a Headdress

This activity was taken from http://www.activityvillage.co.uk/pharaohs_headdress.htm


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