exploring computer science – lesson 2-5. click to add text
TRANSCRIPT
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Counting in Binary
Exploring Computer Science – Lesson 2-5
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Let’s Play A Game
• Click to add text
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Journal Entry
• How high can you count using 10 fingers?
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Count the Dots• Let’s look at how binary numbers work…• Look at these cards:
• Count the dots on each card• Is there a pattern? What number comes next?• Can you define the numbers as powers of 2?
16 8 4 2 124 23 22 21 20
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Numbers In Binary
• If I want to show the number 9 in binary– I need an 8– and 1
• In binary that’s 1001!
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
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Numbers In Binary
• If I want to show the number 6 in binary– I need an 4– and 2
• In binary that’s 110!
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
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Numbers In Binary
• If I want to show the number 19 in binary– I need an 16– and 2– and 1
• In binary that’s 10011!
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
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Your Turn…
• In your journal write:The binary number for these decimal numbers:
2 =
14 =
31 =
The decimal number for these binary numbers:
1111 =
1010=
101=
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Journal Entry
• Download “Lesson 2-5 - Secret Message” from the website.
• In your journals, decode the secret message
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What does this have to with computers???
• Computers today use the binary system to represent information.
• It is called binary because only two different digits are used. It is also known as base two (humans normally use base 10).
• Each zero or one is called a bit (binary digit). A bit is usually represented in a computer’s main memory by a transistor that is switched on or off, or a capacitor that is charged or discharged.
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What does this have to with computers???
• When data must be transmitted over a telephone line or radio link, high and low-pitched tones are used for the ones and zeros.
• On magnetic disks (floppy disks and hard disks) and tapes, bits are represented by the direction of a magnetic field on a coated surface, either North-South or South-North.
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What does this have to with computers???
• Audio CDs, CD-ROMs and DVDs store bits optically—the part of the surface corresponding to a bit either does or does not reflect light.
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What does this have to with computers???
• One bit on its own can’t represent much, so they are grouped together in groups of eight, which can represent numbers from 0 to 255. A group of eight bits is called a byte.
• That’s were get the get the terms– Kilobyte (1,024 bytes * 8 = 8,192 bits)– Megabyte (1,048,576 bytes * 8 = 8,388,608 bits)– Gigabyte (1,073,741,824 bytes * 8 =
8,589,934,592 bits) – That’s a lot of bits!
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What does this have to with computers???
• Ultimately bits and bytes are all that a computer uses to store and transmit numbers, text, and all other information.
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Try this out..
• For the next 10 minutes play this game
http://forums.cisco.com/CertCom/game/binary_game_page.htm
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Journal Entry
• Imagine your fingers are “bits”. A finger that’s up is a “1” and a finger that is down is a “0”.
• In your journals calculate how high you can count using the fingers on 1 hand and then using the fingers on both hands.
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Rest of TodayIndividual Assignment
• Download “Lesson 2-5 - More on Binary Numbers - Homework” from the website.
• Complete both parts and turn it in.– Make sure you answer all the questions in
each part fully and completely. Use complete sentences!
• Turn this today.
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For Question 2 – Limit it to just these keys…