Agriculture/Natural Resources • Family & Consumer Sciences • 4-H/Youth Development

Cooperative Extension Clay County P.O. Box 421 69 Jameson Road Manchester, KY 40962 (606)598-2789 Fax: (606) 598-2695 https://clay.ca.uky.edu email: CLAY.EXT@uky.edu

Extension

News October 2019

●4-H Painting will be October 7th at 4:45 pm at the EXCEL building. You will find more information on the enclosed flyer. (Notice: the class is full but we can put you on the waiting list).

●Mediterranean Diet will be October 15th at 6:00 pm at the Extension Office. This diet is high in fruits and vegetables, fiber, whole grains, nuts and seeds. It is a healthy eating plan for lifelong learning. The presenter at Strong Woman, Healthy Woman recommended this diet for brain health. Lora will be presenting the program. Please call 598-2789 to register. The program is free and open to the public.

●4-H Chefs in Training will be October 17th at 4:30 pm at the Extension Office for ages 8-14. You will make pumpkin cookies and gain basic cooking skills and kitchen safety. Please call 598-2789 to register. Flyer is enclosed.

●Pumpkins! Pumpkins! and More Pumpkins will be held October 18th at the Extension Office beginning at 10:00 am. Come learn about pumpkins, sample a pumpkin parfait, and decorate a pumpkin to take home. You will need to bring one (1) yard of your favorite fall fabric. There is limited space so please call to register at 598-2789. Free and open to the public. Flyer enclosed.

●4-H Teen Club will have their meeting on October 14th 5:00 pm at the Extension Office. Please see enclosed flyer.

●Cooking by the Calendar will be held on October 22nd at 5:00 pm at the Extension Office. Lora will be demonstrating October recipes of the month. Come enjoy an hour with others that love to cook and prepare delicious recipes. Call 598-2789 to register. Program is free and open to the public.

●The Clay County Beekeepers will be meeting on October 24th at the EXCEL building beginning with a

meal at 6:00 pm. We will be talking about winterizing & looking forward to spring! Please register on Beekeeper Facebook page.

●The Clay County 4-H Council will meet on October 25th at the Extension Office beginning at 11:30 am.

●Clay County Homemakers! Don’t forget to come in and pay your $10.00 registration for the 2019 Area Homemaker Annual Meeting on October 26th at the Laurel County Extension Office. Registration deadline is October 16th. Registration begins at 9:30 am. Clay County Homemakers are responsible for helping with Cultural Arts. Quilters from the area that made county quilt squares will be recognized and we may have the finished quilt to view. Lora will leave at 8:45 am and if you would like to ride with her, let us know. We always have a good time! Flyer with more information is enclosed.

●The Clay County Homemaker Council will meet on October 28th at the Clay County Extension Office starting at 5:00 pm.

●DASH Diet will be held on October 29th at 6:00 pm at the Extension Office. DASH stands for “Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension”. The DASH Diet includes lots of whole grains, fruits & vegetables, and low fat dairy products. It includes some fish, poultry and small amounts of nuts and seeds. The presenter at Strong Woman, Healthy Woman recommended this diet for brain health. Lora will be presenting the program. Please call 598-2789 to register. Free and open to the public.

●4-H’ers—Keep working on your Independent 4-H Projects dur ing the year . If you have any questions, please call Alissa at 598-2789.

Homemaker Clubs

Pins & Needles – 3rd Sat. – 10:00 a.m.

Happy Homemakers – 3rd Mon. – 4:00 p.m. Rolling Pin Bakers—1st Mon.—5:30 pm

Have a Safe and Happy Halloween!

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November programs you may be interested in attending:

♦Needlework Couching—November 4th at 6:00 pm and November 14th at 1:30 pm

♦Holiday Cooking School—November 12th in London. See enclosed flyer.

♦Sweet Potatoes and Macarroni & Cheese Comfort Food—November 14th at 6:00 pm

♦Cooking by the Calendar—November 18th at 12:00 pm

♦4-H Teen Club Meeting—November 18th at 5:00 pm at the Extension Office

♦4-H Chefs in Training—November 21st at the Extension Office

♦Plate It Up—November 26th at 6:00 pm

♦KY Volunteer Forum: Event Date—February 13-15th in Lexington. Early Bird registration is due December 2nd.

►Follow Lora Howard on Instagram for Homemaker and Family & Consumer Science programs.

►Follow her on Twittter: #cchomemakers - #clayfcsprograms

Please call 598-2789 to register for programs. If for some reason you have to cancel after you have signed up, please call us and let us know so we can offer the program to people on the waiting list.

Thank you!

The Truth About Vaping

D espite the fact that smoking has been decreasing for years now, an alarming new

trend has emerged. Electronic cigarettes, commonly known as e-cigarettes or vapes (short for vaporizers), have become increasingly popular. Electronic cigarettes are battery-operated devices that people use to inhale an aerosol, which can contain nicotine, flavoring, and other chemicals.

E-cigarettes are made of four different components: a cartridge that holds a liquid solution called e-liquid or e-juice, a heating element, a power source, and a mouthpiece. They are designed to look like traditional cigarettes, cigars, pipes, or even everyday items like pens or USB memory sticks.

First, it is true that vaping is less harmful than smoking. Because vaporizers do not rely on combustion, people who vape are not exposed to as many harmful chemicals as they are when they

smoke traditional cigarettes. Some evidence suggests that e-cigarettes might be a useful aid for smoking cessation; however, the mere fact that nicotine is being vaporized into aerosol means that vaping is still bad for your health. Safer does not mean safe.

Second, electronic cigarettes are as addictive as traditional cigarettes. They are typically still delivering the addictive drug nicotine (vapes are also called ENDS — electronic nicotine delivery systems), and some vape cartridges can contain as much nicotine as an entire pack of cigarettes. In addition to nicotine, vape users could also be inhaling a variety of other harmful substances including heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, and ultrafine particles.

The most concerning truth about vaping is that it is increasingly common among youth. E-cigarette use among middle and high school students in the U.S. increased 900 percent from 2011 to 2015. The nicotine in e-cigarettes is harmful to the development of the

adolescent brain and probably increases the risk of addiction to other even more harmful substances.

For young people, e-cigarettes are more likely to induce a nicotine addiction rather than to serve as an aid to quit smoking. Some young people might even become poly-tobacco users, people who use both e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes.

Because many e-cigarettes are marketed in seemingly harmless or sleek designs, they are often more attractive to youth than traditional cigarettes. And since e-cigarettes frequently come in kid-friendly flavors such as cotton candy or bubble gum, young people might be deceived into believing they are harmless.

The rise of e-cigarettes is quickly becoming epidemic among American youth. If you or someone you know needs help quitting cigarettes or e-cigarettes, find free help online at smokefree.gov or by calling 1-800-QUIT-NOW.

Clay County Homemakers— Don’t forget to come by the office and pay your

homemaker dues. They are $12.00

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Ways to Handle Fall Yard Waste

F all is a beautiful time in Kentucky gardens, but it can also be a messy time. Tree leaves turn from green to vibrant fall colors and then drop, creating big piles. Then there are the leaves and spent shoots from our flower beds.

The way we address our yard waste can have a significant impact on our gardens and on the environment. Gardeners commonly rake up and bag leaves to haul away to yard waste dumps.

This option, while tidy, uses a lot of energy, both yours and the energy to transport the leaves and mixed garden waste.

An alternative is to mulch leaves and yard waste. You could use the bountiful resource to enrich your lawn and garden, while creating less waste and air pollution.

A very simple technique with leaves is to rake them into a line and mow over them with your lawn mower.

The mower will chop the leaves into pieces small enough to fall between the blades of grass in your lawn. The chopped leaves will break down out of sight, provide

nutrients to your lawn and improve the quality of your soil.

For larger items like spent flower stalks, composting is a simple, easy and environmentally friendly option. Done properly, it produces no odor and provides a generous amount of nutrient-rich organic compost for your garden, which reduces or eliminates the need to buy fertilizer.

Composting also eliminates the need to transport garden waste, making composting a triple-win situation for your garden, wallet and the environment.

The speed of compost production is influenced by the size of the material placed in the bin, so the more you can chop up the garden debris, the quicker you will have usable compost. Many options for compost bin design and construction are well suited to any location and budget.

Using leaves as mulch has many benefits. The mulch helps retain moisture in the soil and insulates plants from extreme winter temperatures. The decomposed leaves become an excellent conditioner for warming spring soil, helping to attract worms and other beneficial microorganisms.

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The North American millipede

Figure 1

Figure 4

Clean Up High Tunnels Now to Reduce Veggie Disease Next Year

Numerous important pathogens of vegetables can overwinter more effectively in greenhouses and high tunnels, as compared to field environments. These include pathogens that cause foliar diseases like leaf mold, gray mold, and powdery mildews. In addition, soil borne pathogens, like root knot nematode and vascular wilt fungi, can also persist easily in greenhouse soils.

Foliar Disease Cleanup Tips Fungal diseases- To reduce pressure from foliar fungal diseases in greenhouses, r emove all debris from this cropping season soon after harvests are complete. This includes leaves, stems, root systems, and fallen produce. Some growers have adopted the use of landscape fabric as mulch in cropping areas and walkways because debris can quickly be swept out of the greenhouse during the season. Crop debris should be disposed of at least 500 feet from any future cropping site, or alternatively, could be burned or thrown in the trash.

Bacterial diseases—If the crop has had a foliar bacterial disease, such as bacterial spot, speck, or canker on tomato, destroy or sanitize trellis materials well to reduce pathogen carry-over. Wooden stakes do not efficiently sanitize, so those should be placed from any section of the crop that was affected (also applies to viral diseases). Metal trellis materials can be sanitized in 10% household bleach (1 part bleach to 9 parts water). Greenhouse posts and beams should also be sanitized with 10% bleach or greenhouse sanitation products. Whenever metal materials are cleaned with bleach, follow soon after with a fresh water rinse to prevent corrosion.

Stem and Soil-borne Disease Cleanup Tips

To reduce pressure from soil-associated diseases, plant roots should also be pulled up and exposed to dry air conditions, then carried out and burned or trashed. Avoid dropping materials as the debris are removed from the greenhouse. This is particularly helpful for growers with histories of root knot nematode, Fusarium wilt, or Verticillium wilt. Resistance to each of these specific diseases is available in commercial production varieties, and is recommended every season after one of these diseases is diagnosed. If a soil-borne issue has arisen this past season, consider replacing the mulch to avoid carrying over or spreading the causal pathogens.

For plantings that have had pressure from southern blight or timber rot, carefully pull plants and attempt to remove as many fungal sclerotia as possible from the cropping area. Sclerotia are overwintering bodies of the causal fungus that will serve as sources of disease during the next cropping cycle. Deeply tilling any remnants of plant debris after crop removal will further bury disease-causing organisms.

If greenhouse space and vegetable market considerations permit, start planning your greenhouse rotations now. While rotation generally provides minor benefits for veggie foliar disease management, it can be extremely valuable to reducing or containing soil-borne diseases in greenhouses. Rotate out of a susceptible crop in an affected area for at least 2 seasons; longer rotations are even more effective at reducing disease pressure.

Symptoms of bacterial spot on tomato.

(Photo: Kenny Seebold, UK)

Sclerotia may vary in appearance. These structures are tan-to-reddish brown spherical structures for southern blight of tomato (left). The sclerotia of timber rot are irregular-to-cylindrical and black in appearance (right). (Photos: Kenny Seebold, UK)

Call us at 598-2789 if you would like a copy of the publication on High Tunnel & Greenhouse Vegetable Crops in Kentucky

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Image credit: Virginia State Parks via Flickr

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Pumpkins, Pumpkins and

More PumpkinsOctober 18, 2019

Clay County Extension Office

10:00 am

Come learn about pumpkins, sample a pumpkin parfait, and make a pumpkin to take home!

You will need to bring 1 yard of your favorite fall fabric. Space is limited so please call 598-2789 to register.

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Clay County P.O. Box 421, 69 Jameson Road Manchester, KY 40962-0421 RETURN SERVICE REQUESTED

NONPROFIT ORG

US POSTAGE PAID MANCHESTER KY

PERMIT 96

October 2019 Health Bulletins

Adult Health Bulletin

Topic: Be A Part of Your Healthcare Team

Youth Health Bulletin

Topic: Bullying

Parent Health Bulletin

Topic: Bullying Prevention

Family Caregiver Health Bulletin

Topic: Dementia Caregivers & Disease Trajectory

To check out these topics, please

visit our website at: https:// clay.ca.uky.edu/healthbulletins

Alissa Ackerman Alissa Ackerman