School of Architecture, Building & Design

Research Unit for Modern Architecture Studies in Southeast Asia

Bachelor of Science (Honours) (Architecture)

Building Structures [ARC 2523]

Project 2: Extension of a R.C bungalow

Tutor: Ms. Ann See Peng

Group member:

Tan Wei How 0310707

Phang June Ee 0311954

Ang Jia Pin 0315506

Lucas Wong Kok Hoe 0309421

How Pei Ngoh 0316929

Wong Kah Voon 0317510

Table Content 1.0 Introduction

1.1 Introduction to Project

1.2 Introduction to Case Study 1.3 Introduction to Structural System

2.0 Architectural Plans 1:100 2.1 Ground Floor Plan 2.2 First Floor Plan

2.3 Roof Plan

3.0 Structural Plans 1:100 3.1 Footing Structural Plan 3.2 Ground Floor Structural Plan 3.3 First Floor Structural Plan 3.4 Roof Structural Plan

4.0 3D Revit Model Perspective

5.0 Analysis

6.0 Conclusion

7.0 Individual Proposal

7.1 Design Proposal ( Phang June Ee & Tan Wei How ) 7.1.1 Design Brief 7.1.2 Architectural Plans

7.1.3 Structural Plans 7.1.4 3D Model Perspective 7.1.5 Beam & Column Analysis ( Phang June Ee ) 7.1.6 Beam & Column Analysis ( Tan Wei How )

7.2 Design Proposal ( Lucas Wong & Ang Jia Pin )

7.2.1 Design Brief 7.2.2 Architectural Plans 7.2.3 Structural Plans 7.2.4 Load Distribution Analysis

7.2.4 Beam & Column Analysis ( Lucas Wong ) 7.2.5 Beam & Column Analysis ( Ang Jia Pin )

7.3 Design Proposal ( How Pei Ngoh & Wong Kah Voon ) 7.3.1 Design Brief 7.3.2 Architectural Plans 7.3.3 Structural Plans 7.3.4 3D Model Perspective & Load Distribution Analysis 7.3.5 Beam & Column Analysis ( How Pei Ngoh ) 7.3.6 Beam & Column Analysis ( Wong Kah Voon )

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Introduction To Project In a group of six, structural plans of a double-storey bungalow is produced after examining its

floor plans. Structural plans produced are for ground floor, first floor, roof and foundation are produced.

Then, within a subgroup of two, a double-storey extension not exceeding 30% of the existing

building is proposed. The extension is framed and analysis on beams and columns in term of load bearing is produced.

1.2 Introduction To Case Study

Vista Kirana Phase 2 double-storey bungalow type G by GJH Properties SDN BHD is selected. The site location is Mukim Bukit Katil, Daerah Melaka Tengah, Hang Tuah Jaya, Melaka or Taman Vista Kirana. Each unit has enclosed area of 164.96 squared metres and open area of 44.24 squared metres consisting of six bedrooms, two living rooms, two dining rooms, two balconies, a kitchen, a washing area and five washrooms.

Specifications:

Structure : Reinforced Concrete Wall : Clay Brick Roofing Truss : Metal Roof Truss Roof Covering : Metal Roofing Sheet Ceiling : Plaster Ceiling / Skim Coat Window : Powder Coated Aluminium Casement / Top Hung / Fixed Glass Main door : Solid Timber Door Terrace : Powder Coated Aluminium Frame Sliding Door 1.3 Introduction to Structural System

Foundation

Foundation supports a building structure and transfer load from the building it self to the underlying soil or rock. The rules of foundation are that it must provide enough safety against failure of the supporting strata and settlement of the building should not disturb the purpose of the structure. There are two types of foundation, shallow and deep foundation Shallow foundation are built close to the ground and used where the soil has the sufficient ability of supporting the loads. Strip footing, raft foundation and pad foundation are examples of shallow foundation. On the other hand, deep foundation which is more recommended by engineers, transfer load from a structure above ground through a weaker layer of soil to a more suitable one at a depth. Piles are the elements of deep foundation systems that is used to transfer structural load to deeper rock.

Grade Beam A grade beam carries load from that span an unsupported length. It distributes load to the pile foundation and also acts as a bracing for the foundation.

Foundation Structure Reinforced Concrete Column A reinforced concrete column is a structural member that reinforced with longitudinal bars and ties (tied

columns) or with longitudinal bars and spiral steel (spiral-reinforced columns) to compressive pressure.

Normally they are important to the construction of buildings and other structures. Sometimes the columns

may be a composite of structural steel of cast iron and concrete. Concrete is a high plasticity building

material because it can be molded into many sizes and shapes depend on its use .

The function of a concrete column is to carry part of a compressive structural load. z to keep the building from collapsing or shifting in a way that could cause damage to the overall structure. For design purposes, the columns are separated into two categories: short columns and long columns.

Reinforced Concrete Beam

A reinforced concrete beam is structural member of reinforced concrete placed horizontally to carry loads over openings. The reinforcement, called tension steel, is designed to resist tension together with

preventing the concrete from cracking under the assumption of tensile stresses. Two common reinforced concrete beam can be identified are singly reinforced beam and doubly reinforced beam.

A singly reinforced beam is only reinforced near the outer face, which is the tensile face, whereas

a doubly reinforced beam has both tensile reinforcement in the outer face and compressive reinforcement in the inner space to help the concrete resist tension and compression.

Cantilever Beam Cantilever beam is defines as a beam supported on only one end. It carries the moment of force and shear stress from the support where the load transfers to. The beam carries a specific weight on its open end as a result of the support on its enclosed end.

In building construction, cantilever construction allows for overhanging structures without support pillars or external bracing. Slabs and trusses can also use to construct cantilevers. It is often applied for supporting extensions above the ground level such as balcony in residential building.

Frames (Moment Resisting Frames)

Moment-resisting frames are constructed with beams, columns and joints. It is assembled by rigidly connecting beams to columns perpendicular to each other. Rigid frame action which is development of bending moment and shear force in the frame members and joints provide resistance to lateral force.

A moment cannot displace laterally without bending of beams and columns depending on geometry of the connection. Hence, the primary source of lateral stiffness and strength for the entire frame is the bending rigidity and strength of the frame members. Types of Joints in Frames

A beam-column joint is the part of the column within the depth of the deepest beam, that framed into the column. The three type of joint consist of interior joint, exterior joints and corner joints.

2.0 Architectural Plans

3.0 Structural Plans 1:100

2.2 First Floor Plan 1:100

2.3 Roof Plan 1:100

3.0 Structural Plans

3.1 Foundation Structural Plan 1:100

3.2 Ground Floor Structural Plan 1:100

3.3 First Floor Structural Plan 1:100

3.4 Roof Structural Plan 1:100

4.0 3D Model Perspectives

Load Transfer

5.0 Analysis

Ground Floor Structural Plan 1:100

First Floor Structural Plan 1:100

7.0 Individual Proposal 7.1 Design Proposal (Phang June Ee & Tan Wei How)

7.1.1 Design Brief

The proposed extension should not exceed 30% of the existing floor area (max 100m2 each floor). The proposed extension should be sideway and should be of two storeys. The proposed extension for the ground floor includes toilet, gym and gaming room. As for the proposed extension for the first floor includes toilet, bedroom, studio and movie room.

7.1.2 Architectural Plan

a) Ground Floor Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

b) First Floor Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

c) Roof Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

7.1.3 Structural Plan

a) Foundation Structural Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

b) Ground Floor Structural Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

c) First Floor Structural Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

d) Roof Structural Plan ( Scale 1:100 )

7.1.4 3D Model Perspective

7.3 Design Proposal (How Pei Ngoh & Wong Kah Voon)

7.3.1 Design Brief The proposed extension is two storey in height. Existing living 1 in ground floor is extended, billiard room; tatami room and library are added; while a dry kitchen is added to the existing wet kitchen. Exiting master bedroom and bedroom 4 are combined and the space is rearranged into theatre room and corridor. Thus, master bedroom is moved outwards and a cantilevered balcony is added

7.3.2 Architectural Plans

a) Ground floor plan ( Scale 1: 100 )

Dining

Room Dry Kitchen Wet Kitchen

Existing building Billiard Room

Tatami Library

b) First floor plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )

Dressing Toilet Room

Theatre

Master Bedroom

Existing building

Balco

ny

c) Roof plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )

7.3.2Architectural Plans a) Foundation plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )

b) Ground floor plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )

c) First floor plan ( Scale 1 : 100 )

7.3.4 3D Model Perspective & Load Distribution Analysis

a) Load distribution analysis (Ground Floor Plan)

b) Load distribution analysis ( First Floor Plan)

c) Load distribution analysis ( Roof Plan )

7.3.6 Beam & Column Analysis ( Aubrey )

7.3.7 Beam & Column Analysis ( Kahvoon )