Extra-somatic Journey of Humans

Energy is a Biological Need of Humans…..

P M V SubbaraoProfessor

Mechanical Engineering Department

Humans : Special Heterotrophs

• The humans are extrasomatic heterotrophs.

• The ability to use energy extrasomatically enables human beings to use far more energy than any other heterotroph that has ever evolved.

• The human population modified more and more of its environment by using extrasomatic energy to suit human needs.

• The world's present population of over 5.5 billion is sustained and continues to grow through the use of extrasomatic energy.

• The human race expanded its resource base so that for long periods it has exceeded contemporary requirements.

Human Evolution due Extra-somatism

Wild Solutions to Extrasomatism

Creation of Motive Power: Dangerous & Inhuman Technologies by copying

The Great Thought Experiment

• As an English army officer, Thomas Savery was once ejected from the Lord of the Admiralty's office as a lunatic because he proposed a ship that could be propelled by side-mounted wheels rather than by wind or oars.

• He exhibited great fondness for mechanics, and for mathematicians natural philosophy and gave much time to experimenting, to the contriving of various kinds of apparatus, and to invention.

The Family of Steam Engines

A Direct Hardware Creations to the Essential Need …..

The Power Gods : Steam Power

~1760 : James Watt

~1820 : Sadi Carnot

W Rankine ~ 1860

Power Gods : Mobile PowerUnits

George Brayton

Nicolaus A. Otto

Rudolf Diesel

Power Gods : Hydro Power

Lester Allan Pelton James B. Francis Viktor Kaplan

Power Gods : Electric Power

Michael Faraday

Message for Development of New Ideas/Products…….

Basic Truth of Energy Resources !!!

• Only energy income to earth is Solar Energy.

• Solar energy is a direct renewable source.

• Solar Energy Is available everywhere.

• A single Reason for All that Happens on Earth !!!

• Matter recycles with solar energy.

• Conservation of Species: No income of species to earth.

• Creates other forms of energy reservoirs, which possess energy in the matter.

The Sun enlightens Every Life

•Kowsalya supraja Rama poorva sandhya pravarthatheUthishta narasardoola karthavyam daivamahnikam

Taittiriya Upanishad

• All beings that exists on earth are being born of food.

• Thereafter they live by food. Again ultimately they go back to it and merge to become food.

• So verily food is the eldest of all creatures.

• On that basis food is called the medicine (aushadham ucchyate sarvam) of all.

• That which is in man is also in the sun.

• In modern civilization food is also a fuel (Indanam ucchyate sarvam) of all.

The flow of energy from a source to a sink through an intermediate system orders

that system.

Morowitz [1992]

The Earth : A System to Create Usable Forms of Energy Sources

The Solar Energy : Mother of All the Energy Sources

• Every entity of newly formed source of energy is a form of solar energy.

• Matter based Energy Sources : A Time Scaled creations by Solar Energy.

• These are the Permanent Resources of the Planet.

• However, Solar Energy is only primary source available every where in our solar system.

• Creates more forms of Energy by recycling the matter.

WINDS

WIND ENERGY CLOUDS

HYDRO ENERGY

VEGETATION

CHEMICAL ENERGY

OCEAN THERMALENERGY

SOLARRADIATION

THERMAL

WAVE

VE

LO

CIT

Y

RA

INS

CO2 + H2O PHTOSYNTHESIS

SOL

AR

EN

ER

GY

INCOMINGRESOURCE

FOSSIL FUELCOAL

PETROLEUMNATURAL GAS

FOSS

ILIZ

AT

ION