Extreme Replication: Performance Tuning Oracle GoldenGate

UTOUG Fall Symposium 2015Date: 9/23/2015

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Work: bobby.l.curtis@accenture.comPersonal: curtisbl@gmail.com

Bobby CurtisDouglasville, GeorgiaInfrastructure PrincipleIOUG (RACSIG/DI SIG), RMOUG, GAOUG

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① Oracle GoldenGate Overview

② Tuning Areas and Tools

③ Case Study

④ Recommendations

⑤ Improvements?

⑥ Q&A

Oracle GoldenGate Overview

Change Data Capture (CDC)

Oracle Advance Replication Oracle Streams Oracle GoldenGate

• Multi-Master Replication• MV Replication• Hybrid Replication

• Synchronous• Asynchronous

• Capture Messages• Staging Messages• Consumption

• Heterogeneous• Multiple Architectures• Multiple Use Cases

Quick History

What is GoldenGate?

How does GoldenGate work?

How Oracle GoldenGate Works

CaptureTrailFiles Pump Delivery

TrailFiles

Capture (extract): committed transactions are captured (and can be filtered) as they occur by reading the transaction logs. As of V.11.2.1, GoldenGate offers two options for capture for Oracle; Classic & Integrated Capture

Trail: stages and queues data for routing.

Pump: distributes data for routing to target(s).

Route: data is compressed, encrypted for routing to target(s).

Delivery: applies data with transaction integrity. New with GoldenGate 12c, Integrated Delivery (replicat).

MGRMGR

How Oracle GoldenGate Works

CaptureTrailFiles Pump Delivery

TrailFiles

Capture (extract): committed transactions are captured (and can be filtered) as they occur by reading the transaction logs. As of V.11.2.1, GoldenGate offers two options for capture for Oracle; Classic & Integrated Capture

Trail: stages and queues data for routing.

Pump: distributes data for routing to target(s).

Route: data is compressed, encrypted for routing to target(s).

Delivery: applies data with transaction integrity. New with GoldenGate 12c, Integrated Delivery (replicat).

TrailFiles

TrailFilesDelivery Pump Capture

Integrated Extract• Introduced in GoldenGate 11.2.0.2• Integrated Extract for Oracle source databases only

• Database release: 11.2.0.3 and later• Works with Logminer

• Register Extract (capture) with database/logminer requiredExample: GGSCI> register extract [ name ] database container [ (PDB) ]

TrailFilesCapture

Oracle Database

Logmining Server

Logmining Server

• Reader: Reads logfile and splits into regions• Preparer: Scans regions of logfiles and prefilters

based on extract parameters• Builder: Merges prepared records in SCN order• Capture: Formats LCR and passes to GG Extract

TrailFilesCaptureReader Builder Capture

Preparer 1Preparer

2Preparer N

Extract

• Requests LCRs from logmining server

• Performs mapping and transformations

• Writes trail file

Oracle Database

Integrated Replicat• Introduced in GoldenGate 12.1.2• Integrated Replicat for Oracle databases only

• Database release: 11.2.0.4, 12.1 and later• Leverages database parallel apply servers• Min. changes to replicat configuration• Single Replicat, no partitioning needed (via @RANGE/THREAD or manual

partitioning)

TrailFiles

Delivery

Oracle Database

Integrated Replicat

TrailFiles

Lightweight Streaming API

Delivery

Inbound Server

• Receiver: Reads LCR• Preparer: Computes dependencies between

transactions (PK, FK, UK)• Coordinator: Maintains the order between

transactions• Applier: Applies transactions in order, including CDR

and error handling

Replicat

• Reads the trail file(s)• Constructs logical change records

(LCR)• Uses a lightweight streaming API to

transmit LCR to Oracle database

Receiver Preparer CoordinatorApply

1Apply 2Apply

N

Oracle Database

Tuning Areas and Tools

Why should I care about performance?

What tools are available for performance tuning?

Oracle GoldenGate Performance Areas

CaptureTrailFiles Pump Trail

Files Delivery

Host Host

Database Database

GoldenGateGoldenGate

- MPSTAT, VMSTAT, IOSTAT, STRACE, TOP

- AWR, ASH, UTL_SPADV, TRACE

GG tools: LAG, REPORTCOUNT

GoldenGate Performance ToolsLAG Information

• Monitor latency from the Manager process (mgr.prm)- LAGINFO [ SECONDS | MINUTES | HOURS ]- LAGREPORT [ MINUTES | HOURS ]- LAGCRITICAL [ SECONDS | MINUTES | HOURS]

EXAMPLE: LAGINFOSECONDS 1LAGREPORTMINUTES 1 LAGCRITICALSECONDS 2

• Information output to ggserr.log

GoldenGate Performance ToolsReport Files

• Parameters currently running

• Table/Column Mappings

• Runtime messages and errors

• Runtime statistics• REPORTCOUNT

- REPORTCOUNT EVERY [ # ] [ SECONDS | MINUTES | HOURS ], RATE

Example: REPORTCOUNT EVERY 15 MINUTES, RATE

• Files located in $OGG_HOME/dirrpt

Database Performance Tools

Automatic Workload Repository (AWR)

• Good starting point within the database

• Help determine potential bottlenecks

• Extract/Replicat are given unique SQL Module IDs- Used in both AWR and ASH

• Use Active Session History (ASH) for more details on identified session

AWR Output – Replication StatsOracle 12c Database (12.1.0.1 and later)

Note: Will not be in 11.2.x AWR reports

Database Performance ToolsStreams Performance Advisor (Integrated Extract/Replicat Only)

• Used to provide information on the performance of integrated processes

• Both Extract and Replicat

• Provides real-time statistics

• Has to be installed - Installed under GoldenGate User- $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlspadv.sql

Database Performance Tools (Views)Run Time Views• V$GOLDENGATE_CAPTURE• V$GG_APPLY_RECEIVER• V$GG_APPLY_READER• V$GG_APPLY_COORDINATOR• V$GG_APPLY_SERVER• V$GOLDENGATE_TABLE_STATS• V$GOLDENGATE_CAPABILITIES• V$DBA_APPLY_ERRORS

Configuration Views• DBA_GOLDENGATE_PRIVILEGES• DBA_GOLDENGATE_SUPPORT_MODE• DBA_CAPUTRE• DBA_CAPTURE_PARAMETERS• DBA_GOLDENGATE_INBOUND• DBA_GG_INBOUND_PROGRESS• DBA_APPLY• DBA_APPLY_PARAMETERS• DBA_APPLY_REPERROR_HANDLERS• DBA_APPLY_HANDLE_COLLISIONS• DBA_APPLY_DML_CONF_HANDLERS

Associated GoldenGate Monitoring Scripts

Health Checks• SQL based scripts that create HTML output

- Different scripts for database releases- MOS:1448324.1

• Summary- Overview of environment- Advice/Warnings of potential issues of configuration

• Analysis- Compare configurations- Performance Recommendations- Detail information for diagnostic purposes

• Statistics- Runtime information of Streams (GoldenGate) processing

Host Performance Tools

CPU Performance (mpstat/top)• Looking to see if there are any processes limited by CPU (top)• Looking to see what average cpu spike is (mpstat)

I/O Performance (iostat)• Gather for database disks and trail file locations• Critical before increasing parallelism

Memory Performance (vmstat)• Not needed for integrated processes• Needed if tuning classic or coordinated processes

Case Study

Capture Pump DeliveryTrailFiles

TrailFiles

Server/Database Configs

Dell PowerEdge T110Intel Core Duo16G DRAMDatabase:SGA: 6GB

Dell PowerEdge T110 IIIntel i38G DRAMDatabase:SGA: 6GB

Oracle GoldenGate Performance Areas

CaptureTrailFiles Pump Trail

Files Delivery

Host Host

Database Database

GoldenGateGoldenGate

- MPSTAT, VMSTAT, IOSTAT, STRACE

- AWR, ASH, UTL_SPADV, TRACE

GG tools: LAG, REPORTCOUNT

Lag Information (OEM)

Approx. 1 hr. 20 min. behind

JAGENT 12.1.3/GG Plugin 12.1.0.2 is required

Lag Information• ggserr.log

- Reported by Manager Process (mgr.prm)

- Extract (Source)2015-02-11 15:32:12 INFO OGG-00948 Oracle GoldenGate Manager for Oracle, mgr.prm: Lag for EXTRACT EXTI is 00:00:01 (checkpoint updated 00:00:07 ago).

- Replicat (Target)2015-02-11 15:24:14 WARNING OGG-00947 Oracle GoldenGate Manager for Oracle, mgr.prm: Lag for REPLICAT REPI is 01:18:50 (checkpoint updated 00:00:00 ago).

Process Statistics

EXTI.rpt1068208 records processed as of 2015-02-11 15:30:25 (rate

57,delta 299)PMPI.rpt

545130 records processed as of 2015-02-11 15:35:28 (rate 109,delta 281)REPI.rpt

108483 records processed as of 2015-02-11 15:28:05 (rate 116,delta 120)

• Monitor throughput for each process- REPORTCOUNT EVERY [ SECOND | MINUTES | HOURS ], RATE- Can impact throughput with aggressive monitoring

Total records processed this session

Throughput for session

Changes since last report count

Streams Performance AdvisorExtract

PATH 1 RUN_ID 1 RUN_TIME 2015-JAN-12 15:17:31 CCA Y|<C> OGG$CAP_EXTI 31 31 0 LMR 99.7% 0% 0.3% "" LMP (2) 199.7% 0% 0.3% "" LMB 99.3% 0% 0.3% "" CAP 99.7% 0% 0.3% "" |<Q> "GGATE"."OGG$Q_EXTI" 0.01 0.01 0 |<A> OGG$EXTI 0.01 0.01 0 |<B> NO BOTTLENECK IDENTIFIED

Logminer Reader (LMR): 99.7% idle, no flow control, no top eventLogminer Preparer (LMP): 2, 199.7% idle, no flow control, no top eventLogminer Builder (LMB): 99.3% idle, no flow control, no top eventCapture (CAP): 99.3% idle, no flow control, no top event

Streams Performance Advisor Replicat

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>

Advisor couldn’t gather required statistics

Performance (OEM View)

Capture Pump DeliveryTrailFiles

TrailFiles

GoldenGate Configuration

Capture Pump DeliveryTrailFiles

TrailFiles

--CHECKPARAMSEXTRACT EXTISETENV (ORACLE_HOME="/oracle/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1")SETENV (ORACLE_SID="bc11g")USERID ggate, PASSWORD ggateWARNLONGTRANS 15m, CHECKINTERVAL 5mREPORTCOUNT EVERY 5 MINUTES, RATEEXTTRAIL ./dirdat/liTABLE SOE.ADDRESSES;TABLE SOE.CARD_DETAILS;TABLE SOE.CUSTOMERS;TABLE SOE.INVENTORIES;TABLE SOE.LOGON;TABLE SOE.ORDER_ITEMS;TABLE SOE.ORDERENTRY_METADATA;TABLE SOE.ORDERS;TABLE SOE.PRODUCT_DESCRIPTIONS;TABLE SOE.PRODUCT_INFORMATION;TABLE SOE.WAREHOUSES;

--CHECKPARAMSEXTRACT PMPIuserid ggate password ggatePASSTHRURMTHOST 192.168.65.68, MGRPORT 15000, COMPRESSRMTTRAIL ./dirdat/riREPORTCOUNT EVERY 1 MINUTES, RATETABLE SOE.ADDRESSES;TABLE SOE.CARD_DETAILS;TABLE SOE.CUSTOMERS;TABLE SOE.INVENTORIES;TABLE SOE.LOGON;TABLE SOE.ORDER_ITEMS;TABLE SOE.ORDERENTRY_METADATA;TABLE SOE.ORDERS;TABLE SOE.PRODUCT_DESCRIPTIONS;TABLE SOE.PRODUCT_INFORMATION;TABLE SOE.WAREHOUSES;

--CHECKPARAMSREPLICAT REPISETENV (ORACLE_HOME="/opt/oracle/app/product/12.1.0.1/dbhome_1")SETENV (ORACLE_SID="oemrep")USERID ggate, PASSWORD ggateALLOWDUPTARGETMAPASSUMETARGETDEFSREPORTCOUNT EVERY 5 MINUTES, RATEDISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/REPCI.dsc, append, megabytes 200REPERROR(default, discard)REPERROR(default2, discard)MAP SOE.ADDRESSES, TARGET SOE.ADDRESSES;MAP SOE.CARD_DETAILS, TARGET …..MAP SOE.WAREHOUSES, TARGET SOE.WAREHOUSES;

AWR Output – Replication Stats

LAG: 12.9 Minutes

Database Viewsselect capture_name, 86400 * (available_message_create_time - capture_message_create_time) latency_in_secondsfrom gv$goldengate_capture;

select r.apply_name, 86400 * (r.dequeue_time - c.lwm_message_create_time) latency_in_secondsfrom gv$gg_apply_reader r, gv$gg_apply_coordinator cwhere r.apply# = c.apply#and r.apply_name = c.apply_name;

Recommendations

Integrated Extract Parameters

• LOGALLSUPCOLS- Instructs extract to write supplemental logged columns to trail file

• UPDATERECORDFORMAT- Single Logical Change Record (LCR) with BEFORE and AFTER

images- COMPACT

- reduces the amount of data sent with LCR

Integrated Extract ParametersContinued

• PARALLELISM- Controls number of preparers for processing logs- Increase parallelism if preparers are CPU bound

- EE allows parallelism of preparers (default = 2)- SE does not allow parallelism of preparers (default = 1)

• MAX_SGA_SIZE- Controls amount of streams pool configured extract- Min: 1024 (1G)/Max: 3584 (3.5G)

Integrated Replicat Parameters• COMMIT_SERIALIZATION

- Default = DEPENDENT_TRANSACTIONS- Set to FULL, if apply in source commit order is required

• EAGER_SIZE- Threshold to begin apply of large transactions (default = 9500)- Serializes apply processing- Make sure streams_pool_size is configured correctly to avoid

Waiting for Memory issues

• MAX_SGA_SIZE- Controls memory resource for IR- Default is INFINITE

Integrated Replicat ParametersContinued

• PARALLELISM- Controls number of appliers (default = 4, actually 50)- Setting to 1 disables parallism

• MAX_PARALLELISM- Controls maximum number of appliers- Default is 50 in OGG 12.1.2.1 (30 in OGG 12.1.2.0)

Note: Auto Tuning (parallelism)- Enabled by default- Computed over range of 5 intervals (5 seconds)- Unneeded processes marked INACTIVE, removed after 5 minutes- MAX_PARALLISM=PARALLELISM, disables auto turning

Integrated Replicat ParametersContinued

• BATCHSQL- Controls number of appliers (default = 4)- Setting to 1 disables parallelism- Use with caution

- Degradation can be seen in some cases.

Database Configurations

• ENABLE_GOLDENGATE_REPLICATION- New in DB 11.2.0.4/12.1.0.2- Boolean value. Default to False, set to True to activate

• STREAMS_POOL_SIZE- Size appropriately for number of concurrent IE & IR processes- Min. 1G per IE/IR then add 25%- If using MAX_SGA_SIZE

- sum of (MAX_SGA_SIZE * IR) * 25%

Sizing Streams Pool

(MAX_SGA_SIZE * PARALLELISM) * 25%

(1024M * 2) * 25% = 2560M (2.5G)

Note: Max size of streams_pool_size should not exceed 3.5GNote: May have to increase SGA size to allocate enough memory

Database Object Tuning

• GoldenGate uses SQL to apply changes

• AWR highlights SQL and SEGMENT issues

• ADDM recommendations as needed

• Redo Logs, ensure they are large enough for expected workload

• Gather statistics regularly, especially after initial initialization

• Target side: Indexes can cause slowness in apply process as well.

Network Tuning• TCPBUFSIZE and TCPFLUSHBYTES• Use ping to find average round trip time (RTT)

[oracle@oel dirrpt]$ ping fred.acme.comPING fred.acme.com (192.168.65.68) 56(84) bytes of data.64 bytes from fred.acme.com (192.168.65.68): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.180 ms64 bytes from fred.acme.com (192.168.65.68): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.173 ms64 bytes from fred.acme.com (192.168.65.68): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.199 ms64 bytes from fred.acme.com (192.168.65.68): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.203 ms^C--- fred.acme.com ping statistics ---4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3807msrtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.173/0.188/0.203/0.021 ms

Network Tuning

(megabits / gigabits) * RTT = Bandwidth-Delay Product (BDP in bytes)

BDP * 3 = TCPBUFSIZE/TCPFLUSHBYTES

(8192 / 8) * 0.021 = 21.5 bytes

21.5 bytes * 3 = 64.5 bytes

Since BDP result is less than 1MB, no need to set TCPBUFSIZE or TCPFLUSHBYTES

*Default is 1MB

Host

Evaluate if you need bigger/newer hardware if needed!

Improvements

Configuration

Capture Pump DeliveryTrailFiles

TrailFiles

EXTRACT EXTISETENV (ORACLE_HOME="/oracle/app/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_1")SETENV (ORACLE_SID="bc11g")USERID ggate, PASSWORD ggateWARNLONGTRANS 15m, CHECKINTERVAL 5mREPORTCOUNT EVERY 1 MINUTES, RATEEXTTRAIL ./dirdat/liTRANLOGOPTIONS EXCLUDEUSER GGATETRANLOGOPTIONS INTEGRATEDPARAMS (MAX_SGA_SIZE 2560 PARALLELISM 4)LOGALLSUPCOLSUPDATERECORDFORMAT COMPACTTABLE SOE.ADDRESSES;TABLE SOE.CARD_DETAILS;TABLE SOE.CUSTOMERS;…..TABLE SOE.PRODUCT_INFORMATION;TABLE SOE.WAREHOUSES;

--CHECKPARAMSEXTRACT PMPIuserid ggate password ggatePASSTHRURMTHOST 192.168.65.68, MGRPORT 15000, COMPRESSRMTTRAIL ./dirdat/riREPORTCOUNT EVERY 1 MINUTES, RATETABLE SOE.ADDRESSES;TABLE SOE.CARD_DETAILS;TABLE SOE.CUSTOMERS;TABLE SOE.INVENTORIES;TABLE SOE.LOGON;TABLE SOE.ORDER_ITEMS;TABLE SOE.ORDERENTRY_METADATA;TABLE SOE.ORDERS;TABLE SOE.PRODUCT_DESCRIPTIONS;TABLE SOE.PRODUCT_INFORMATION;TABLE SOE.WAREHOUSES;

REPLICAT REPISETENV (ORACLE_HOME="/opt/oracle/app/product/12.1.0.1/dbhome_1")SETENV (ORACLE_SID="oemrep")USERID ggate, PASSWORD ggateALLOWDUPTARGETMAPASSUMETARGETDEFSREPORTCOUNT EVERY 1 MINUTES, RATEDISCARDFILE ./dirrpt/REPCI.dsc, append, megabytes 200 REPERROR(default, discard)REPERROR(default2, discard)DBOPTIONS INTEGRATEDPARAMS (MAX_SGA_SIZE 2560, PARALLELISM 4, MAX_PARALLELISM 6, COMMIT_SERIALIZATION FULL)MAP SOE.ADDRESSES, TARGET SOE.ADDRESSES;……;MAP SOE.WAREHOUSES, TARGET SOE.WAREHOUSES;

Performance (OEM View)

Capture Pump DeliveryTrailFiles

TrailFiles

Report CountsEXTI.rpt 1015083 records processed as of 2015-02-14 01:49:21 (rate 90,delta 301) 1034022 records processed as of 2015-02-14 01:50:22 (rate 91,delta 310) 1052135 records processed as of 2015-02-14 01:51:22 (rate 92,delta 301)

PMPI.rpt 1033398 records processed as of 2015-02-14 01:50:20 (rate 91,delta 304) 1052112 records processed as of 2015-02-14 01:51:21 (rate 92,delta 310) 1069906 records processed as of 2015-02-14 01:52:21 (rate 93,delta 294)

REPI.rpt 122370 records processed as of 2015-02-14 01:40:33 (rate 502,delta 884) 188385 records processed as of 2015-02-14 01:41:34 (rate 620,delta 1099) 317619 records processed as of 2015-02-14 01:42:35 (rate 872,delta 2143)

Changes since last report count

EXTI

REPI

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

299

120301

2143

Series1Series2

Comparison

94.4% increase in replicat performance

STOP

Call for papers open now @ http://gaoug.strikingly.com/

Further Reading

• MOS Note: 1557031.1 – patches for integrated capture and replicat

• MOS Note: 1448324.1 – OGG Integrated Healthcheck Script

• MOS Note: 1485620.1 – Best Practices for Downstream Capture

• MOS Note: 1488668.1 – GoldenGate Performance Data Gathering

• Oracle GoldenGate Best Practices: http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/availability/maa-gg-performance-1969630.pdf

((RUN 2 REP – RUN 1 REP) / RUN 2 REP) * 100

((2143 - 120) / 2143) * 100 = 94.40%

Replicat Improvement Ratio