eye blink sensorensor accident prevention report

7/27/2019 eye blink sensorensor Accident Prevention Report

1/20

EYE BLINK SENSOR & ACCIDENT PREVENTION

Abstract:

Description:

The Objective of this project is to develop a system to keep the vehicle secure and

protect it by the occupation of the intruders.

Scope:

We cant take care of ours while in running by less conscious. If we done

all the vehicles with automated security system that provides high security to driver, also

gives alarm.

Fnction:

This project involves measure and controls the eye blink using I sensor.

The I transmitter is used to transmit the infrared rays in our eye. The I receiver is used

to receive the reflected infrared rays of eye. If the eye is closed means the output of I

receiver is high otherwise the I receiver output is low. This to know the eye is closing or

opening position. This output is give to logic circuit to indicate the alarm.

This project involves controlling accident due to unconscious through !ye

blink. "ere one eye blink sensor is fi#ed in vehicle where if anybody looses conscious

and indicate through alarm.

$


2/20

CONTENTS

$. Introduction %%....%%%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%..%%&

'. (ystem )odel%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%.*

'.$ +asic )odel of The (ystem %%.%..%%%%%%%%..%%.*

'.' ircuit -iagram %%.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%..%%...

'./ 0arts of The (ystem %%%%%%%%%%...%%%..%%%..1

'./.$ I (ensing ircuit%%%..%%.%%%..%%%%%%.1

'./.' 2larm ircuit%%..%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%$$

'././ 3)/4 omparator%%%%.%%%%%%%%%%.$/

/. "ardware -escription%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%..%%%.. $5

/.$ )icrocontroller 62T1(4'7%%%%%%%%%%%..%%%..$&

/.' 3i8uid rystal -isplay%.%%..%%%%%%%%%%%%.. $

/./ 0ower (upply%.%%%%%%%.%%%%%%%.%%%%.'9

5. (oftware%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%..''

5. $ Introduction to :!I3%%%%%%%%%%%%%%.%%%. ''

5.' What is ;....................................................................''

5./ (ource ode%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%..'/

4. onclusion%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%..%.'*&. eferences%%.%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%'*

'


3/20

!"Intro#ction

Driving to save lives, time, and money in spite of the conditions around you andthe actions of others.-This is the slogan for -efensive -riving.


4/20

$"S%ste 'o#e(:

$"!" Basic 'o#e( o) t*e S%ste:

The block diagram depicts the total blue print of the proposed project. The total essence

and the functioning of the project is represented in a single block diagram. The block

diagram mainly consists of 5 parts. They include

3)/4 omparator

!ye +link (ensor

3-

94$ )icrocontroler

+u??er

5

L'+,-

Coparator

E%e B(in.

Sensor

-/,!

'icrocontro((e

r

LCD

B00er


5/20

$"$"Circit Dia1ra:

4


6/20

$"+"Parts O) T*e S%ste:

$"+"!"IR Sensin1 Circit:

Infrared transmitter is one type of 3!- which emits infrared rays generally called

as I Transmitter. (imilarly I eceiver is used to receive the I rays transmitted by the

I transmitter. One important point is both I transmitter and receiver should be placed

straight line to each other.

The transmitted signal is given to I transmitter whenever the signal is high, the

I transmitter 3!- is conducting it passes the I rays to the receiver. The I receiver is

connected with comparator. The comparator is constructed with 3) /4 operational

amplifier. In the comparator circuit the reference voltage is given to inverting input

&


7/20

terminal. The non inverting input terminal is connected I receiver. When interrupt the

I rays between the I transmitter and receiver, the I receiver is not conducting. (o the

comparator non inverting input terminal voltage is higher then inverting input. =ow the

comparator output is in the range of B4


8/20

$"+"$"!"B00er:

2 b00eror beeperis a signalling device, usually electronic, typically used in

automobiles, household appliances such as a microwave oven, or game shows. It mostcommonly consists of a number of switches or sensors connected to a control unit that

determines if and which button was pushed or a preset time has lapsed, and usually

illuminates a light on the appropriate button or control panel, and sounds a warning in the

form of a continuous or intermittent bu??ing or beeping sound. Initially this device was

based on an electromechanical system which was identical to an electric bell without the

metal gong 6which makes the ringing noise7.

Often these units were anchored to a wall or ceiling and used the ceiling or wall as

a sounding board. 2nother implementation with some 2Aconnected devices was to

implement a circuit to make the 2 current into a noise loud enough to drive a

loudspeaker and hook this circuit up to a cheap Aohm speaker. =owadays, it is more

popular to use a ceramicAbased pie?oelectric sounder like a (onalert which makes a highA

pitched tone. Dsually these were hooked up to EdriverE circuits which varied the pitch of

the sound or pulsed the sound on and off.

$"+"$"$Circit #escription:

The circuit is designed to control the bu??er. The bu??er O= and OFF is

controlled by the pair of switching transistors 6+ 45*7. The bu??er is connected in the

G' transistor collector terminal.

When high pulse signal is given to base of the G$ transistors, the transistor is

conducting and close the collector and emitter terminal so ?ero signals is given to base of

the G' transistor. "ence G' transistor and bu??er is turned OFF state.

When low pulse is given to base of transistor G$ transistor, the transistor is

turned OFF. =ow $'v is given to base of G' transistor so the transistor is conducting and

bu??er is energi?ed and produces the sound signal.


9/20


10/20

+"2ar#3are Description:

$9


11/20

+"!"AT-4C,! 'icrocontro((er:

)icrocontroller is a general purpose device, which integrates a number of thecomponents of a microprocessor system on to single chip. It has inbuilt 0D, memory

and peripherals to make it as a mini computer. 2 microcontroller combines on to the

same microchip

The 0D core

)emory6both O) and 2)7

(ome parallel digital iLo

)icrocontrollers will combine other devices such as

2 timer module to allow the microcontroller to perform tasks for certain time

periods.

2 serial ILO port to allow data to flow between the controller and other

devices such as a 0I or another microcontroller.

2n 2- to allow the microcontroller to accept analogue input data for

processing.

)icrocontrollers are

(maller in si?e

onsumes less power

Ine#pensive

)icro controller is a stand alone unit, which can perform functions on its own

without any re8uirement for additional hardware like ILO ports and e#ternal memory.

The heart of the microcontroller is the 0D core. In the past, this has traditionally been

based on a Abit microprocessor unit. For e#ample )otorola uses a basic &99

microprocessor core in their &94L&9 microcontroller devices.

In the recent years, microcontrollers have been developed around specifically

designed 0D cores, for e#ample the microchip 0I range of microcontrollers.

$$


12/20

2T14$ is the 59 pins, bit )icrocontroller manufactured by 2tmel group. It is

the flash type reprogrammable memory. 2dvantage of this flash memory is we can erase

the program with in few minutes. It has 5kb on chip O) and $' bytes internal 2)

and /' ILO pin as arranged as port 9 to port / each has bit bin .0ort 9 contain data

line6-9A-*7 as well as low order address line62OA2*7.

0ort ' contain higher order address line 62A2$47. 0ort / contains special

purpose register such as serial input receiver register (+DF, interrupt I=T9,I=T$ and

timers T9 , T$many of the pins have multi functions which can be used as general

purpose ILO pins 6or7 (pecial purpose function can be decided by the programmer itself. M

+"!"!Featres:

5: +ytes of InA(ystem eprogrammable Flash )emory

!ndurance $,999 WriteL!rase ycles

Fully (tatic Operation 9 "? to '5 )"?

ThreeA3evel 0rogram )emory 3ock

$' # A+it Internal 2)

/' 0rogrammable ILO 3ines

Two $&A+it TimerLounters

(i# Interrupt (ources

0rogrammable (erial hannel

3ow 0ower Idle and 0ower -own )odes

$'


13/20

+"!"+ PIN DIA5RA' OF -4C,!:

$/


14/20

+"$"Li6i# Cr%sta( Disp(a% 7LCD8:

2n 3- consists of two glass panels, with the li8uid crystal material

sand witched in between them. The inner surface of the glass plates are coated with

transparent electrodes which define the character, symbols or patterns to be displayed

polymeric layers are present in between the electrodes and the li8uid crystal, which

makes the li8uid crystal molecules to maintain a defined orientation angle.

One each polarisers are pasted outside the two glass panels. These

polarisers would rotate the light rays passing through them to a definite angle, in aparticular direction

When the 3- is in the off state, light rays are rotated by the two

polarisers and the li8uid crystal, such that the light rays come out of the 3- without any

orientation, and hence the 3- appears transparent.

When sufficient voltage is applied to the electrodes, the li8uid crystal

molecules would be aligned in a specific direction. The light rays passing through the

3- would be rotated by the polarisers, which would result in activating L highlighting

the desired characters.

The 3-s are lightweight with only a few millimeters thickness. (ince

the 3-s consume less power, they are compatible with low power electronic circuits,

and can be powered for long durations.

The 3-s dont generate light and so light is needed to read the display. +y using

backlighting, reading is possible in the dark. The 3-s have long life and a wide

operating temperature range. hanging the display si?e or the layout si?e is relatively

simple which makes the 3-s more customer friendly.

$5


15/20

+"$"!"Intro#ction:

Fi1" LCD Disp(a%

The 3- display consists of two lines, '9 characters per line that is interfaced

with the 0I$&F*/.The protocol 6handshaking7 for the display is as shown in Fig. The

display contains two internal byteAwide registers, one for commands 6(N97 and thesecond for characters to be displayed 6(N$7. It also contains a userAprogrammed

2) area 6the character 2)7 that can be programmed to generate any desired

character that can be formed using a dot matri#. To distinguish between these two data

areas, the he# command byte 9 will be used to signify that the display 2) address

99h will be chosen 0ort$ is used to furnish the command or data type, and ports /.' to

/.5 furnish register select and readLwrite levels.

+"$"+"Pin Dia1ra

The 0in diagram for 3- is shown in the following fig 4.* and the pin

description is also e#plained in Table 4.

+"+"PO9ER SPPLY:

$4

C=

-B4

v

e# Vo(ta1e Re1(ator

Fi1":Circit Dia1ra o) Po3er Spp(%


19/20

Intro#ction to 'icro @ision Kei( 7IDE8

:eil is a cross compiler. (o first we have to understand the concept of compilers andcross compilers. 2fter then we shall learn how to work with keil.


20/20

!ye +link

," Conc(sion:

This project is very used to provide the easy access to maintain the attendance. In

this project FI- card is used as employee or student I- card. This project is very useful

to the company and office in order to maintain the employee attendance. 2ttendance is

maintained in the data base in 0. (o we can easily cross verify the attendance. In this

project we can maintain the employee I= and Out time. We can also use this project in

school and college to maintain the attendance of the student. (o this project improves the

security performance because we cannot make the duplicate FI- card.

;" Re)erences:

333"1oo1(e"co

333"3i.ipe#ia"or1

333"ebe##e#circits"co

-/,! 'icrocontro((er Cop(ete Re)erence +r#E#ition

2an#boo. on #i))erent #isp(a%s"

E(ectronic De@ice an# Circits 'i((an

E(ectronic Circit Ana(%sis K"Srirni@asan

'9
http://www.google.com/http://www.wikipedia.org/http://www.embeddedcircuits.com/http://www.google.com/http://www.wikipedia.org/http://www.embeddedcircuits.com/

eye blink sensorensor accident prevention report

Documents