f641-16959-i-mu-0020.03 fsm-it instrument user manual

Client:

Product title: FSM-IT

Package title:

Document title: FSM-IT INSTRUMENT USER MANUAL

Author(s):

Inge Hagedal

Prod No. Orig. Disc. Type Seq. no.

Roxar doc. No.: 641 - 16959 - I - MU - 0020 Page: 1 of 31

Client doc. No.: Client rev. No.: Attachment: NA

Tag No.:

P.O. No. (Contract No.):

Roxar Ref. No.:

System code:

SDRL code:

Area/Location:

Clients approval: ¨ Not for client approval q Accepted q Accepted with comments

q Not accepted, revise and resubmit q Issued for information q Accepted with comments. Interface frozen.

Sign: Date:

Roxar approval:

Rev.: 03

Date: 2008-12-03

Made by: Pål Skjervold

Checked by: Erling Holten Wiken

Approved by: Inge Hagedal

Reason for issue:

Roxar ASA Teglgården N-7485 Trondheim, Norway Tel: +47 73 82 50 00 Fax: +47 73 82 50 50 E-mail: [email protected] www.roxar.com

mailto:[email protected]

http://www.roxar.com

Roxar ASA Document title: FSM-IT User Manual Rev.: 03 Roxar doc. No.: 641- 16959 - I - MU - 0020 Page: 2 of 31 Client doc. No.: Date: 2008-12-03

Table of contents:

1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL ............................................................................................................... 3 1.2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 4 1.3 ASSISTANCE ..................................................................................................................................... 4

2 MAIN DATA.......................................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 DEFINITIONS..................................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 SYMBOLS ......................................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 GUARANTEE RESTRICTIONS............................................................................................................... 6 2.4 ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................................................................. 6 2.5 EQUIPMENT DATA............................................................................................................................. 7 2.6 EQUIPMENT ...................................................................................................................................... 8

3 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION............................................................................................................ 10 3.1 GENERAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................. 10 3.2 MEASUREMENT PRINCIPLE.............................................................................................................. 10

4 PREPARATION .................................................................................................................................. 12 4.1 MULTITREND PREPARATION ........................................................................................................... 12 4.2 INSTRUMENT UNIT .......................................................................................................................... 12

4.2.1 Preparation ............................................................................................................................... 12 4.3 OPERATION ON NEW MEASUREMENT LOCATIONS.............................................................................. 12

4.3.1 Tools/Equipment........................................................................................................................ 12 4.3.2 Measurement acquisition at new locations.................................................................................. 13

5 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ......................................................................................................... 15 5.1 OPERATION INSTRUCTIONS OF FSM-IT PORTABLE INSTRUMENT ....................................................... 15

5.1.1 Connection to a measurement location....................................................................................... 15 5.1.2 Operation at established measurement locations ........................................................................ 15

5.2 REPORTING / OPERATIONAL HAZARDS ............................................................................................ 16 5.3 QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS AND TRAINING PROGRAM FOR OPERATORS .................................... 16

5.3.1 Operator qualifications.............................................................................................................. 16 5.4 INSTRUMENT UNIT MENUS – SCREEN PANELS ................................................................................. 16

5.4.1 Measurement panel.................................................................................................................... 18 5.4.2 Presentation panel ..................................................................................................................... 22 5.4.3 Status panel ............................................................................................................................... 22 5.4.4 Off............................................................................................................................................. 23

5.5 ERROR AND WARNINGS ................................................................................................................... 24 5.5.1 Operational Error Conditions .................................................................................................... 24 5.5.2 Error report............................................................................................................................... 27

6 MAINTENANCE ................................................................................................................................. 28 6.1 MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS ........................................................................................................ 28

6.1.1 Routine inspection ..................................................................................................................... 28 6.1.2 Periodic maintenance ................................................................................................................ 28 6.1.3 Calibration ................................................................................................................................ 29 6.1.4 Charging the batteries ............................................................................................................... 29 6.1.5 Storing, preservation and maintenance of preservation............................................................... 29

7 SPARE PARTS LIST........................................................................................................................... 30 7.1 INSTRUMENT UNIT AND ACCESSORIES ............................................................................................. 30

8 REFERENCE FIGURES TABLE ....................................................................................................... 31


1 INTRODUCTION This section is an introduction to the Roxar ASA User Manual for the below mentioned products, with description of how the manual is structured and how it shall be used. This section also contains assistance contact information to the user.

This user manual covers the following FSM corrosion monitoring equipment:

n FSM-IT Portable Instrument including Cables, Battery Pack and Charger. The use of the FSM-IT instrument towards MultiTrend software is described in document: 470-16959-I-MU-0003 MultiTrend User Manual. Available inside the MultiTrend program itself.

1.1 How to use this manual

This user manual has been prepared to provide our customer with all necessary technical assembly, installation, operational and maintenance information of the following equipment:

n FSM-IT Portable Instrument including Cables, Battery Pack and Charger. The manual contains eight sections:

1. INTRODUCTION 2. MAIN DATA 3. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 4. PREPARATIONS AND INSTALLATION

5. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 6. MAINTENANCE 7. SPARE PARTS LIST 8. REFERENCED FIGURES TABLE NOTE! Each section contains detailed descriptions made to separately fulfill the needs for

various personnel and interests. INTRODUCTION: is a description of the user manual for the above-mentioned products. It describes how the manual is structured and how it shall be used. This section also contains assistance contact information to the user. MAIN DATA: such as weight, outline dimensions, including restrictions and information about how to order the products are covered herein. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: gives a more specific description of the various items of the various products. This section is the 'textbook' of the manual, where the various measuring techniques are fully described, together with recommendations for use of the various types of equipment. PREPARATION AND INSTALLATION: describes all necessary preparations to be carried out before installation of the various parts of this equipment, including checklists and observations.


OPERATING INSTRUCTION: describes all steps - if applicable, in sequence, of the installation of the products, including checklists, precautions, consequences, hazards, observations, operator qualifications and reporting. ERRORS AND WARNINGS sub-section: contains a description of conditions, which might cause problems, typically shown on the instrument screen, and how to handle these conditions. MAINTENANCE: describes all necessary precautions and maintenance operations, which normally can be done by the user, including those which are recommended to be carried out by Roxar, in order to ensure safe, reliable and economical operation. This section contains detailed procedures for routine inspection, periodic maintenance, corrections and minor repair with recommended spare parts, consumables, reporting requirements, relevant document references and, if applicable, requirements for special skills and minimum crew. SPARE PARTS LIST: gives all necessary spare parts for the various equipments, which is required for operation. REFERENCE TABLE: contains a list of all referenced information and figures used in the manual.

1.2 Normative references

This document has been issued in compliance with the most common international standards for user manual documentation, including the NORSOK Z-CR-001 and NS 5820. The NORSOK Z-CR-001 and NS 5820 standards are jointly developed by The Norwegian Oil Industry Association (OLF) and Federation of Norwegian Engineering Industries (TBL) and administrated by Norwegian Technology Standards Institution (NTS).

1.3 Assistance

Roxar is an international group of companies with worldwide distribution of our products. We are one of the major suppliers of corrosion monitoring technology. In case of repair service or further assistance, please contact the authorized Roxar service center in your area. Authorized agents are present in other areas than given below. For information about Roxar agents, please contact your nearest Roxar service center.

Roxar Global Service Centre Phone: +47 81 55 22 33 E-mail: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


2 MAIN DATA

This section gives equipment information regarding any restrictions in guarantee and use including weight and outlines dimensions. This section gives necessary information on how to order the various equipments, based on information from typical data sheets.

2.1 Definitions

Term Explanation

FC FSM coefficient: New pin-pair measurement / Signature measurement * 1000

FSM The electric field signature method (also called The electrical fingerprint)

FSM-IT Field Signature Method Inspection Tool

MultiTrend A computer program for retrieval, processing and display of data from an FSM based instrument

CPU-board Central Processing Unit board.

GUI Graphical User Interface. Here: User operational interface on IU screen.

IU FSM IT - Portable Instrument Unit

HW Hardware

LCD Liquid Crystal Display. Type of screen used in the FSM-IT IU

NDT Non-destructive Testing. Method of measurement, in this case of metal wall thickness and integrity, whereby the measurement object is left undamaged

Ppt Part per thousand: 0,1% Process Area (PA)

Here used in the sense of a plant or platform which has measurement locations for the FSM-IT, and where all data is typically collected and displayed.

RS-232 Serial communication standard. Here used between IU and PC

RS-485 Serial communication standard. Here used between IU and SMI

Signature Baseline measurement used as initial reference for later readings

Site A process area with FSM-IT installations

SM Sensor matrix (sensing points)

SMI Sensor Matrix Interface

SW Software

Tag Unique identification of a location of measurement within a PA. Note that the notion ‘Tag’ is also used as a short for ‘measurement location’

UI User Interface. In this document mainly for instrument operation

WT Wall Thickness

Table 2.1: Table of definitions

2.2 Symbols

Warning: Be sure to read the User Manual before use. It contains information vital for the use of the instrument.

The product meets all the essential requirements of the relevant European Directive(s)

Product has been tested and meets applicable standards for safety and/or performance, including the applicable standards written or administered by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Canadian Standards Association (CSA), National Sanitation Foundation (NSF), and others.


2.3 Guarantee restrictions

Visually inspect all components for shipping damage. If shipping damage is found, notify carrier at once. Shipping damage is not covered by warranty. The carrier is responsible for all repair and replacement costs resulting from damage in shipment.

Read and follow all instructions, warnings, and cautions to avoid personal injury or property damage during system operation. Roxar ASA cannot be responsible for damage or injury resulting from unsafe use of or unsafe system operation. Contact Roxar ASA when in doubt about applications and safety precautions.

2.4 Environment

Environment Range Comment

Operation temperature -20 to + 60°C Instrument Unit

Storage temperature -20 to + 85°C Instrument Unit

Certification - hazardous area No certificate available

Instrument Unit / Complete system I.e: 'Hot work permit' is required

Certification - EMI Restricted Complete system; According to ref.- 1

Table 2.2: Specifications for FSM-IT equipment

Measurement Object Range if relevant Comment

Straight pipe 4”–16”OD No comment

Bend 4”–16”OD No comment

T-joint weld 4”–16”OD NOTE! Mixing of fluids with different temperature might cause problems for FSM measurements. Special care should be exercised.

Containers Sections Special care should be exercised. E.g: Poss. inner structures may reduce measurement accuracy

Carbon Steel Accepted No comment

Stainless Steel Accepted No comment

Temperature -20 to 140°C 'Normal temperature' system

Extended Temperature -20 to 500°C 'High temperature' system (Hi-temp)

Lagging; Thermal insulation Needed Incomplete lagging may produce erratic data

Process temperature gradients Not relevant Temperature gradients in the inherent fluids may cause problems for FSM measurement. Special care should be exercised.

WT 4–20mm If poorer accuracy is accepted, this range may be exceeded.

Table 2.3: Specifications for FSM-IT measurement objects


2.5 Equipment data

The FSM-IT is a technology for inspection of metallic pipes, pipelines and containers. Based on the patented FSM (Field Signature Method) technique, FSM-IT detects metal loss, pitting or grooving due to corrosion by detection of small changes in the way current flows trough the metallic structure.

FSM-IT consists of an appropriate sensing matrix, a portable instrument and MultiTrend PC software for administration of the measurement points, analysis of data and presenting and printing of the corrosion measurement results.

The portable instrument unit is connected to the sensing matrices to make an FSM measurement and to buffer data in IU memory. Measurement data is later transferred to a PC running MultiTrend software.

A special charger is used to charge the instrument unit battery pack. The battery pack is the power supply for the instrument in a normal measurement situation. The battery pack is easily replaceable to ensure additional power for the IU.

The Li-Ion part of battery pack provides power for the instrumentation part of the instrument. The Lead batteries are used to provide power for the actual measurement on the pipe. It set a high excitation current on the pipe, up to 200A. The measurements are in the 0.15 mV area. Lead batteries are 2V 12.5 Ah, and Li-Ion are 7.2V 1.35Ah

Inspection points monitored by the FSM-IT system can be upgraded to on-line measurement positions at additional costs. Contact Roxar assistance as shown in §3.1. Performance data of the FSM-IT measurement system:

Measurement Defect Typical accuracy Comment

General corrosion +/– 0.5 % of actual WT E.g: 20 mm WT gives a resolution of 0.1mm

Weld corrosion +/– 5 % of actual WT Trained MultiTrend user is needed.

Pitting (pit width > 1.5 WT) +/– 10 % of actual WT Analysis at Roxar is needed.1

Erosion +/– 2.5 % of actual WT Analysis at Roxar is needed.

Table 2.4: Typical accuracy of FSM-IT measurement system

1 To achieve the specified accuracy for pit quantification, the pin matrix must be customized for pit

detection. At present, pit analysis is not part of the standard MultiTrend program and such analysis consequently has to be performed by a CorrOcean assistance group.


2.6 Equipment

Figure 2.1: FSM-IT instrument in measurement configuration.

Figure 2.2: Charger / Battery pack connection


Instrument Unit

FSM-IT PARTS LIST Part No. Material Qty. for

Installation / commissioning

Qty. for operation

FSM-IT Operator KIT (Includes all parts listed below) 18200KIT N/A 1 1

FSM-IT Instrument 18200 N/A 1 1

FSM-IT Battery Charger 18210 N/A 1 1 FSM-IT Instrument/Measurement Cable 18221 N/A 1 1

FSM-IT Battery Charging Cable 18222 N/A 1 1

FSM-IT Communication cable 18223 N/A 1 1

FSM-IT Carrying case 18239 N/A 1 1

Table 2.5: FSM-IT parts list

Restrictions in use: A 'hot work permit' is needed to measure in EX graded zones. The supplied IU protection bag should be used for field work.

Read and follow all instructions, warnings and cautions to avoid personal injury or property damage during use of the charger. Roxar ASA is not responsible for damage or injury resulting from unsafe use of product, lack of maintenance. Contact Roxar ASA when in doubt about any application and safety precautions described herein. HOW TO ORDER: The FSM-IT kit can be ordered as Roxar PN: 18200KIT2. Cf: Spare parts list in § 7.1.

2 This kit does not include the FSM-IT sensor matrix.


3 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

This section gives more specific description of the various items of the various products and is the 'textbook' of the manual, where the various measuring techniques are fully described, together with recommendations for users of the various types of equipment.

3.1 General information

FSM-IT has its force applied in the following applications: • Carbon steel structures where corrosion / erosion may be a problem. • Stainless steel structures where erosion may be a problem. • Given accuracy, as specified in §2.4, is adequate. • Intrusive inspection methods and systems are not acceptable. • Off-line inspection system is acceptable. • Operator independence is important. • On-line inspection system may be a future request.

FSM-IT may not be the right choice in the following applications: • Stainless steel structures where narrow pitting is expected. • Short response times are required. E.g: inhibitor tuning. In such applications an on-

line traditional FSM system will be a better choice.

3.2 Measurement Principle

The FSM measurement principle is a non-intrusive monitoring technique designed to detect small changes in wall thickness. The technique involves passing a controlled excitation current through the structure to establish a unique electric field signature. Any subsequent changes that appear in the electric field, as a result of corrosion / erosion, will be detected as a ‘potential change’ across sensor pins attached to the outside of the structure.

General Corrosion: In this situation, corrosion is uniformly distributed inside the structure and the response is straightforward. The current distribution is uniform, and the loss of metal is linear related to the increase in resistance and the measured pin pair voltages. An increase in pin pair voltage can be directly related to general corrosion.

Weld Corrosion: Typical weld corrosion is narrow compared to the pin pair distance, i.e.: only a part of the target suffers from a reduction in wall thickness. The raw measurements have to be compensated by an empirical model. The actual depth of weld groove corrosion has to be calculated by special algorithms. If such model compensation is not employed, the wall thickness measurements will be strongly underestimated.

Pitting: Pitting introduces an even more complex situation than weld corrosion. At a pit, the increased resistance will cause the current to flow around the pit. In unprocessed data, a pit will typically look wider than its actual size, and the depth value is strongly underestimated. The adjacent pairs along the current direction contribute negative values due to the current decrease at these locations. If pitting analysis is not activated, the wall thickness measurements will be strongly underestimated. NOTE! At present, manual analysis by Roxar is needed.


Interference with temperature variations: The electrical resistance in steel is a function of temperature. If the temperature in the measurement object increases by 10°C, the resistance will typically increase by 3% to 5% varying with the steel parameters. FSM-IT handles this problem in the following manner: A measuring reference, made of the same steel material is used for a direct compensation of temperature variations. The reference is thermally connected but electrically isolated from the measuring object. The temperatures of both the measuring object and of the steel-reference are measured with high accuracy. These temperature readings are used by the MultiTrend temperature compensation algorithms.

In high temperature systems, the temperature difference of the steel-reference and the object may be several degrees. If no temperature compensation is performed on such measurements, the data will look like results from general corrosion. It may even look like the wall thickness is increasing! MultiTrend contains temperature compensation algorithms to minimize such thermal effects.

Figure 3.1: Pipe with current excitation. Current distribution and voltage potential show a regular pattern.

Figure 3.2: Pipe with current excitation and a local defect. Current distribution and voltage potentials will change around the defect.


4 PREPARATION

This section describes all necessary preparations to be carried out before installation of the various parts of this equipment, including checklists and observations.

All preparations and installation guidelines to implement before normal operation may start are described in this chapter for the following equipment:

n FSM-IT Portable Instrument

NOTE! For installation of sensor matrix — see separate manual.

4.1 MultiTrend preparation

The declaration and definition of all necessary FSM-IT instruments, sites and tags are normally performed by Roxar service personnel as a part of the installation of new FSM-IT measurement locations. How to setup the MultiTrend are described in document: 4174-16595-I-MU-0003 MultiTrend User Manual.

This manual is available in the MultiTrend software, just press F1. Opens as a PDF file.

4.2 Instrument unit

4.2.1 Preparation

Before the FSM-IT instrument is capable of handling a new measurement location the following actions should be performed:

n Define the new measurement location in MultiTrend. n Transfer the set-up file from MultiTrend to the instrument. n Ensure correct time and date setting by using MultiTrend. n Check available instrument memory by using MultiTrend.

4.3 Operation on new measurement locations

4.3.1 Tools/Equipment

The following tools / equipment are needed:

Description Size / type Quantity (units) Comments

IU with charged battery pack N/A 1 No comment

Protection bag N/A 1 No comment

IU measurement cable N/A 1 No comment

Table 4.1: FSM-IT operational equipment


4.3.2 Measurement acquisition at new locations

Proper handling of a new measurement tag presupposes the following steps:

ON SITE: Connecting to the tag: • The FSM-IT instrument must be switched OFF • Connect the IU to the tag by using the FSM-IT measurement cable • Switch the IU ON by pressing anywhere on the screen for minimum 3 seconds. • After booting, the IU will check internal status, check if a tag is connected, and identify the

tag based on SMI SW serial numbers and tag configuration file. When a tag is identified, the specific tag set-up parameters are used to configure the measurement system, i.e.: excitation current setting, measurement matrix configuration, etc...

The instrument acknowledges an identified tag by issuing several messages on the screen: • The tag is identified by configuration file <filename>, (a valid file name is displayed). • The instrument proceeds with current calculations — and reports the estimated current. If

an excitation current value not equal to zero is set, the automatic current calculation routine is skipped and the set current value is substituted.

NOTE! Initially the identification messages are shown for only ~10 seconds on the IU screen. The messages may, however, be reviewed by accessing page 2 of the instrument STATUS panel, cf § 5.4.3.

NOTE! If any error or warning message is displayed, Confer § 5.5 for proposed actions. Excitation current checking: • Wait until IU initialization and current setting routines are finished and the MAIN panel is

displayed. • Press the <MEASURE> button on the MAIN panel, (the MAIN panel is substituted by the

MEASUREMENT panel). • Press <MEASURE> button once more, (to take a single measurement). The

measurement summary has no significance at this stage, as no signature is yet present. • Press <RETURN> button, (to re-enter the MAIN panel). • Press <STATUS> button, and check the values named

Pin voltage status: I = xxx A (value of excitation current) Pair1 = yyy µV (value of obtained pin pair voltage)

The pin pair voltage should read ~150 µV (positive or negative). Proceed to manual current adjustment if deviation > 10%, (cf. § 5.4.1.7).

• Press <RETURN> button to re-enter the MAIN panel. Manual excitation current adjustment: (From instrument MAIN panel) • Press the <MEASURE> button on the MAIN panel, (the MAIN panel is substituted by the

MEASUREMENT panel). • Press the <ADVANCED> button, (a new button line is displayed) • Press the <E CURRENT> button, (a new button line with numerical keys is displayed)

A default excitation current value is shown. The value may be changed in steps by pressing one of the buttons: <–10 A>, <–1 A>, <+1 A>, or <+10 A>.

• When the desired value is reached, press the <RETURN> button to save the new value and re-enter the previous panel.

• Press the <RETURN> button once more to return to the MEASUREMENT panel. • (Eventually press the <RETURN> button once more to return to the MAIN panel.)

NOTE! The latest current value setting is not effective as a new default value for the tag until a 'signature' is taken!


Signature generation: (From instrument MAIN panel) • Press the <MEASURE> button on the MAIN panel, (the MAIN panel is substituted by the

MEASUREMENT panel). • Press the <ADVANCED> button, (a new button line is displayed) • Press the <SIGNATURE> button to make a 'signature' measurement. • Press the <RETURN> button once more to return to the MEASUREMENT panel. • (Eventually press the <RETURN> button once more to return to the MAIN panel.)

NOTE! A signature should only be generated when the excitation current value seems reasonable.

NOTE! The signature measurement will be obtained using the most recent excitation current value. Any old instrument signatures will be overwritten.

Old 'signatures' cannot be recovered in the field, but this may be done by MultiTrend. The instrument 'signature' does not affect the data transferred to the MultiTrend database, it is solely used for data presentation on the instrument screen. Sequence measurements: (From instrument MAIN panel) • Press the <MEASURE> button on the MAIN panel, (the MAIN panel is substituted by the

MEASUREMENT panel). The instrument is now ready to take a sequence of 1, 3, 5 or 9 measurements. The default value for the connected tag is displayed.

• Press <MEASURE> button once more, (to take the desired sequence of measurements). • Check the measurement summary. Expected values are of the following magnitude:

MeanFC: ~ +/– 0.3 MaxFC: ~ 0.99 (for any SMI / pin pair number) MinFC: ~ –0.99

• If the measurement summary reveals values where: MaxFC – MinFC > 4,

The following items should be checked: Excitation current value and pin pair voltage status (~ 150 μV). Is the temperature stable — i.e.: measurement object thermally insulated? Good cable connections; e.g.: current excitation cable.

• Re-enter the MAIN panel and press the <PRESENT> button. Check the pin pair readings of SMI #1. 90% of the values should read FC-values less than 2‰ (ppt). If this is not the case, remove the potential causes for poor readings (cf: above check points)

• Press <MEASURE> button once more, (to take the desired sequence of measurements. Possibly, the length of the measurement sequence may be extended to further avoid noise and spurious results).

• Re-check the measurement summary, eventually all the presented pin pair readings of SMI #1.

Check IU and Tag status: (From instrument MAIN panel) • Press the <STATUS> button, (the MAIN panel is substituted by the STATUS panel,

page1). • Verify that the temperature readings read reasonable values.

NOTE! The <UPDATE> button of the STATUS panel will only update the date, time and battery voltage values until a regular measurement (or 'signature') is made. Once a measurement is finished, the temperature and pin voltage status values are also updated.


5 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

This section describes all steps - if applicable, in sequence, of the installation of the products, including checklists, precautions, consequences, hazards, observations, operator qualifications and reporting.

Operating instructions in this user manual are limited to the following:

n FSM-IT Instrument n Battery charger n Battery

5.1 Operation instructions of FSM-IT portable instrument

The FSM-IT inspection system is based on the following elements: A measurement matrix with a connection point for the portable instrument, a portable instrument used to take and buffer FSM measurements from various locations, and a PC based software to administrate the data, analyze the data and present corrosion / erosion results.

A typical inspection sequence is as follows: The instrument is prepared for measurements as shown in § 5.1.2. In the field, the operator connects the instrument to selected measurement tags and performs measurements. Back in the office, the instrument is connected to a PC running MultiTrend, measurement data is downloaded to the PC, analyzed and presented by MultiTrend.

5.1.1 Connection to a measurement location

NOTE! The instrument must be switched OFF. (By pressing the <OFF> button in the MAIN panel).

Use the FSM-IT measurement cable to connect the instrument to a tag / measurement location. Switch ON the instrument (by pressing the touch screen anywhere for minimum 3 seconds) after connection is established.

NOTE! Switch OFF the instrument before disconnection.

5.1.2 Operation at established measurement locations

Before measurement:

• Switch on the instrument • Check battery condition plus time and date. (The batteries should be fully charged. I.e:

instrument battery > 8.0V, excitation battery ~ 2.2V.) • Instrument time and date may be synchronized with MultiTrend if necessary. • The spare battery pack should be charged.

The instrument should contain tag set-up information.

A 'hot work permit' is needed when measuring in EX graded zones. Measurement sequence: • Instrument is OFF. (If not, switch instrument OFF) • Connect instrument to the selected tag. • Switch ON the instrument by pressing the LCD screen anywhere for minimum 3 seconds. • Press the <MEASURE> button. (New MEASURE panel appears) • Press the <AVG NUM> button to select an appropriate number of readings to average

over. • Press any numeric button, e.g.: 5 readings. (A default value is suggested.) • Press the <RETURN> button to return to the MEASURE panel • Press the <MEASURE> button once more. (The selected number of readings are taken)


NOTE! A valid tag name should be shown in the TAG field of the second top line of the panel. No ERROR or WARNING sign should be shown in the STATUS field of the first top line of the panel. (For errors / warnings: See § 5.5.1.)

Check the MeanFC, MaxFC and MinFC values for each measurement. These values should remain stable from measurement to measurement, I.e: their variation should stay < 5.

A complete list of measurement values from all pin pairs is offered in the PRESENT panel of the instrument. Use the <PRESENT> button in the MAIN or PRESENT panel to view this information!

5.2 Reporting / Operational Hazards

The FSM-IT measurement system does not affect the integrity of the measurement object. No penetration of the structures is performed.

In EX-zones, a hot work permit is needed to take measurements.

5.3 Qualification Requirements and Training Program for Operators

5.3.1 Operator qualifications

There are two levels of operator qualifications:

Level Description 1 Operation at already operative measurement locations. Battery charging. Battery replacement.

2 Operation at new (non-operative) measurement locations.

At level 1, any mechanic strictly following the instructions given in this user manual, can perform installation of equipment and take measurements.

At level 2, only specially trained personnel certified by Roxar can perform installation of equipment

5.4 Instrument Unit Menus – Screen Panels

General information: The instrument unit contains an LCD screen, capable of showing several graphical panels. On top of the LCD there is a touch panel capable of sensing the position of a pressed fingertip. In order to activate a function, a press must be directed to the area inside of the respective button. E.g: press inside the <STATUS> button when you want to display instrument status information. The detection of a button press is shown by a momentary color inversion of the button area.

NOTE! Do not move your finger while a button is selected (inverted), as this will corrupt recognition of your button press!

Buttons displayed with a small triangular icon (4) below their label always cause a transition to a sub-panel. Buttons without this triangular icon immediately perform the action described by their label.

The present instrument SW (ver. 2.01) is equipped with 10 different panels. One panel always covers the top two lines of the LCD screen.


Figure 5.1: Top Panel

The TOP panel displays four parameters of interest: • Site field: Displays the name of the connected SITE. • Tag field: Displays the name of the connected TAG. • Status field: Displays one status word, e.g.: OK or WARNING.

When WARNING or ERROR is displayed, it is advisable to check the instrument STATUS, to determine the cause of the message.

• Date field: Displays the current instrument date. As all measurements are time-stamped, it is imperative for data interpretation that this date corresponds to the actual real date. Any change of instrument date is described in

Switch ON the instrument by performing one of three actions: 1. Press the touch panel anywhere for minimum 3 seconds. Or… 2. Connect to a PC running MultiTrend. Any communications will power up the instrument.

Or… 3. Disconnect the battery pack - wait 10 seconds – then reconnect the battery pack. I.e: the

instrument will be switched ON at battery changes.

After a short initialization period, the following MAIN panel is displayed on the instrument screen. During the initialization period several status messages are displayed on screen. These messages are blanked by the MAIN panel, but they are retained in page 2 of the STATUS panel for possible later review.

Figure 5.2: Main Panel

The MAIN panel contains four buttons. By pressing one of these the following actions are initiated:

1. <MEASURE>: The measurement sub-panel is activated and displayed. 2. <PRESENT>: The data presentation sub-panel is activated and displayed. 3. <STATUS>: The instrument & SMI status sub-panel is activated and displayed 4. <OFF>: Switches off the instrument.

NOTE! The instrument will switch off automatically after a non-activity period of 10 minutes.


Sub-Panels: The following chapters describe the various sub-panels and button actions:

5.4.1 Measurement panel

Figure 5.3: Measurement Panel

The measurement panel contains five buttons. The actions obtained by pressing any one of them are described below.

5.4.1.1 MEASURE All FSM-IT measurements are taken at the tag and site that are identified in the TOP panel. The measurements are performed according to defined tag set-up parameters.

While a measurement is taken, the text: 'Measurement in progress, please wait' is displayed on screen. When more than one reading pr measurement is selected, information on the number of remaining readings is updated and displayed. The touch panel is disabled during this period.

After a measurement is finished, the data is appended to a dedicated measurement data file. There is one dedicated data file (*.dat) pr tag.

A measurement summary containing three parameters is shown on screen: Mean ppt value: A statistical mean value of all the pair readings (compared to signature). No

corrosion (change) will be shown as 0 (zero). Max ppt value: A statistical maximum value of all the pair readings (compared to signature)

including information on the localization of the maximum value. E.g: 1.05 (1.5) à maximum ppt value 1.05 is found at SMI # 1, pair # 5 Min ppt value: A statistical minimum value of all the pair readings (compared to signature). A normal situation example: After a signature measurement plus one ordinary measurement is taken on a new tag, the summary may be as below:

MeanFC: 0.13 MaxFC: 0.87 (1.7) MinFC: -1.05


An example of a summary that calls for further analysis by MultiTrend: This result may be caused by corrosion or uncompensated temperature effects. I.e: Data needs a further check by MultiTrend!

MeanFC: 20.23 MaxFC: 21.40 (1.7) MinFC: 19.70

A non-signature example: If no signature reading has been taken, the following measurement summary may be expected:

MeanFC: -1000.00 MaxFC: -1000.00 (1.1) MinFC: -1000.00

A complete list of all pin pair values may be obtained by pressing the <PRESENT> button, cf: § 5.4.1.2

5.4.1.2 PRESENT The data presentation sub-panel is activated and displayed.

Figure 5.4: Presentation Panel

A complete list of all pin pair values from the most recent measurement is displayed. The pairs defined for the measurement SMI display both their 'raw-value' and FC-value. The 'raw-value' is the actual pin pair voltage expressed in µV (micro volts). The reference SMI displays, naturally, just the 'raw' µV-values. An FC-value is a relative figure; i.e. a change in pin pair voltage compared to the signature reading. This change is presented as a ‰ (ppt) value. When the measurement consists of a series of several readings (cf: <AVG NUM> button, § 5.4.1.3), a 'quality factor' value for each pair is included.


Example: pair raw_value FC_value 01 +158.36 +0.22 02 –158.23 +0.19 03 +157.97 +0.01 04 –158.40 –0.15 . . . . . . . . . ref01 +158.02 ref02 –158.03 ref03 +158.02 ref04 –158.03 . . . . . . As the number of pin pairs varies between matrices (tags), the presentation panel is equipped with a <NEXT> and a <PREVIOUS> button to allow a means of scrolling through all measurement data. The total data list may easily contain more data than can be fitted onto a single page. In such cases, the first page will contain data from the first 16 pin pairs. To view data from subsequent pairs, the <NEXT> button must be pressed. In cases with large matrices (many pairs), it will be necessary to press the <NEXT> button several times to obtain a complete data list. At the end of the pairs list, the reference pair values are always displayed. The <PREVIOUS> button is obviously present to allow the user to scroll back through pin pairs.

The presentation panel is equipped with a <RETURN> button. By pressing this button, the user is transferred back to the previous panel, (here: the measurement panel)

5.4.1.3 AVG NUM

The measurement averaging sub-panel is activated and displayed.

Figure 5.5: Measurement Averaging Panel


The measurement averaging panel displays 4 numerical buttons plus a <RETURN> button. By pressing any of the numerical buttons (1, 3, 5 or 9 readings), the user manually selects how many readings will be included in any of the measurements. The instrument will average the selected number of readings and present the measurement with a 'quality factor' for each pin pair on the PRESENT panel. This 'quality factor' consists of a standard deviation value calculated from the separate readings less the two 'worst-case' values, (outliers). A press on the <RETURN> button confirms the selection of an averaging number and returns to the previous MEASURE panel. All operative sites have a default value for averaging stored as a part of their site configuration file. Thus, in most cases, the default value needs no changing. The default value may be displayed simply by pressing the <RETURN> button directly upon panel appearance, without touching any of the numerical buttons.

5.4.1.4 ADVANCED

The advanced measurement sub-panel is activated and displayed.

Figure 5.6: Advanced Measurement Panel

The advanced measurement panel contains five buttons. The actions obtained by pressing any one of them are described below.

5.4.1.5 SIGNATURE

A press on this button will take a signature measurement reading and save the excitation current set point for further readings on the same tag.

NOTE! A signature reading measurement is necessary to store the excitation current set point for the location.

5.4.1.6 INIT TAG

A press on this button will initiate the measurement system / SMI, check the system integrity, and report status to screen (and STATUS panel page 2). The performed procedures are the same as the ones performed during the latter part of the instrument boot sequence.


5.4.1.7 E CURRENT

A press on this button will let the user adjust the excitation current level in discrete steps of ± 1 and ± 10 Amperes. To aid the user in this adjustment a new button bar is displayed at the bottom of the screen.

Figure 5.7: Excitation Current Adjustment Button Bar

The mode of operation of the various buttons is fairly obvious and no further explanation is given. Each successful change of the excitation current value is acknowledged by a brief message on screen displaying the new set excitation current value.

The <RETURN> button is used to store the new excitation current value in the instrument unit and to step back to the advanced measurement panel.

5.4.1.8 OVERVIEW

A press on this button displays an overview of all the configured measurement locations (tags) presently stored in the instrument unit. The overview is sorted by process areas (sites).

5.4.1.9 RETURN

A press of the <RETURN> button reactivates and displays the measurement panel.

5.4.2 Presentation panel

A complete description of the view and functionality of the data presentation panel is presented in Figure 5.4 and § 5.4.1.2

5.4.3 Status panel

Figure 5.8: Status Panel


The instrument status panel is activated and displayed by a press on the <PRESENT> button of the MAIN panel. The status panel contains 4 buttons.

Upon entering a list of recent status parameters is displayed. This list contains parameters for:

• instrument time & date • battery voltages (both for IU and excitation) • temperatures (IU, matrix and reference) • actual excitation current value for the most recent measurement • pin pair voltage of the most recent measurement for SMI # 1, pair # 1

The instrument needs only a few seconds to perform the necessary measurements. An updated version of this information is obtained at any time by pressing the <UPDATE> button.

The instrument status panel is divided into several pages. The user may scroll back and forth through these by pressing the <PREVIOUS> and <NEXT> buttons.

A press on the <NEXT> button reveals page 2 — a status message review page. All previous status messages momentarily presented on the LCD screen (and later blanked) are displayed here. The screen is divided into five paragraphs:

• Instrument unit status • Fixed SMI status • Portable SMI status • Battery status • Measurement status

Each paragraph displays the most recent status message within its category.

A press on the <NEXT> button reveals page 3 — an SMI network status page. A list of all connected SMI is displayed. The list contains one line of information for each SMI. Each text line presents values for the bus address and 6 SW serial numbers of a connected SMI. At page 3, values for the SMI positive and negative power voltages (VB+ and VB–) are updated and displayed together with the SMI connection voltage (Vtag). When a tag is well connected, the Vtag value should read ~ 0 V. A read value > 1 V signals a bad current feed connection.

Further presses on the <NEXT> button reveal several SMI detailed information pages. There is one page of information for each of the connected SMI. First out is the reference SMI. The given information consists of parameters such as:

• SMI serial number • SMI address • SMI temperature • SMI gain factor • SMI hardware- and software version number

The total number of presented pages will vary with the number of SMI attached to the current tag.

The status panel is equipped with a <RETURN> button. By pressing this button, the user is transferred back to the previous panel, (here: the measurement panel)

5.4.4 Off

A press of the <OFF> button switches the instrument off. This action is performed immediately. No further warning is given.

NOTE! The instrument will switch off automatically after a non-activity period of 10 minutes.


5.5 Error and warnings

5.5.1 Operational Error Conditions

The FSM-IT instrument features an automatic system integrity checking routine, which includes:

• Instrument check • Battery check • SMI module check • Hardware AD-conversion check • Pin matrix check

From SW version 2.00, the instrument is equipped with a top panel continuously showing the latest known IU and / or SMI status, (cf § 5.4). If the status field shows any other value than OK, an investigation to reveal the source of this aberration should be started.

Reported errors / warnings / unexpected behavior:

PROBLEM SOLUTION

Measurements:

IU warning: Low IU or EX battery. Top status line: Low_Batt (warning level)

Charge battery-pack. Always keep spare battery pack fully charged.

IU error: Low IU or EX battery. Top status line: Low_Batt (error level)

FSM-IT instrument will switch itself OFF in 15 seconds. Change battery pack. Charge battery-pack!

IU warning: Instrument cannot find any connected measurement tag

No tag presently connected. If IU is connected to a tag, common cause is: Tag is not defined. Define tag in MultiTrend and transfer set-up file to IU.

IU Error: Fatal Tag error – Corrupt tag file. Reload file Top status line: Error.

Corrupt tag set-up file. • Reload tag set-up files • Report error condition to Roxar service – cf: § 5.5.2

IU Error: Fatal Tag error – Power failure. Tag error flag is signaled or SMI voltage is too low. SMI is not powered up. Top status line: Error.

Error at SMI power circuitry. • Change battery pack and try again • Report error condition to Roxar service – cf: § 5.5.2

IU Error: Fatal instrument error – No internal μC contact. Automatic power_off in 15 seconds. Top status line: Error.

Instrument HW integrity error. • Reboot instrument by disconnecting / connecting battery pack. • Report error condition to Roxar service – cf: § 5.5.2

Tag Warning: Measurement tag warning! Missing SMI response. Try to reconnect. Top status line: Warning.

Tag integrity error. • Switch OFF / ON instrument unit.

If problem maintains: • Report error condition to Roxar Service – cf: § 5.5.2 • Take a measurement reading!

Roxar Service personnel: Check connections. Replace SMI if needed.

If this message occurs the first time a tag is connected, the tag definition might be incorrect: Mismatch between actual SMI-serial numbers and those given in the tag set-up file. Check TAG definition file!


PROBLEM SOLUTION

Tag warning: No response from 'nn' matrix pins. Try to reconnect. Top status line: Warning.

'nn' defined measurement pairs experience contact problems. • Report error condition to Roxar Service – cf: § 5.5.2 • Take a measurement reading! All other measurement pairs will

give significant information. NOTE! If 'nn' number is small (<10% of the matrix pins), this is a

minor problem. Roxar Service personnel: Analyze data in MultiTrend. (raw data) Check cables and connectors according to erroneous pin pair values.

SMI Integrity Error! Reconnect and retry measurement. Top status line: Error

Tag integrity error. • Switch OFF / ON instrument unit. If problem maintains: • Report error condition to Roxar Service – cf: § 5.5.2 • Take a measurement reading! Report error condition to Roxar Service - see § 5.5.2

Roxar Service personnel: Check connections. Replace SMI if needed. If this message occurs the first time a tag is connected, the tag definition might be incorrect: Mismatch between actual SMI-serial numbers and those given in the tag set-up file. Check the TAG definition file!

Tag Setup file error. Reload tag setup file. Top status line: Error

Tag integrity error. • Report error condition to Roxar Service – cf: § 5.5.2

Multiple site use of IU may cause this error if procedure § Error! Reference source not found. is not followed. Roxar Service personnel: Check IU HW integrity, e.g: CompactFlash card. Reload program and set-up files to IU.

IU – MultiTrend Communication:

MultiTrend commands do not cause any IU response.

Instrument may be OFF, booting or occupied with another task. Wait and re-try when IU is ON and booting procedure are finished or, alternatively, when task is finished. In MultiTrend, check : • An FSM-IT IU is defined and activated. • FSM-IT IU communications baudrate = 38400 baud.

Check cable / connections between IU and PC.

IU user interface:

IU time and date is incorrect after battery pack has been changed

IU internal backup battery is discharged.

Possible solutions: • Charge backup battery by keeping IU active (ON). • Avoid storing IU without battery pack inserted. • Change backup battery if problem maintains.

Instrument switch-ON function: Touch-panel pressed for minimum 3 seconds.

NOTE! Normal switch-ON may show several screens: • No immediate response is given when switch-ON is activated. • Screen may be blank, or random lines may appear. • User must wait before any panel appears.


PROBLEM SOLUTION

Instrument switch-ON function: Touch-panel is pressed for 3 seconds. NO RESPONSE

IU may boot alternatively with a rolling – or blank screen. Do not expect any screen response until application is running (may take up to 12 seconds). If still no response, try the following actions: • Press touch panel for at least 4 seconds. • Remove battery pack for at least 10 seconds - restore battery

pack. • Change battery pack.

IU does not give any response when a panel button is pressed

IU may be busy performing a preferential task, e.g.: taking a measurement or registering the previous button press. Roxar Service personnel: Check for presence of a 'TOUCH.CAL' file in IU.

During SW installation: If 'TOUCH.CAL' file does not exist. Reboot IU with a debug port connected (HyperTerminal @ 38400 baud). On debug message request, press upper left corner subsequently lower right corner of display.

IU gives a random response when a panel button is pressed (IU recognizes 'wrong' button.)

Roxar Service personnel: A corrupt 'TOUCH.CAL' file may produce this situation. Remove corrupt TOUCH.CAL file. Reboot IU with a debug port connected (HyperTerminal @ 38400 baud) On debug message request, press upper left corner subsequently lower right corner of display.

Panel button is pressed. IU recognizes a press (button-area is inverted), but the selected action / function is not activated.

IU recognizes any button press when the selected button is released. Do not move fingertip outside of button area while button is pressed!

Log File:

Important warnings and error situations are logged in file: 'LOG.001'

This file will contain important information for Roxar Service personnel. File 'LOG.001' is located in IU directory: C:\LOG\

Table 5.1: FSM-IT errors and warnings


5.5.2 Error report The following information is necessary for Roxar service centers to offer customer help:

Information should preferably be sent by e-mail to addresses given in § 1.3 Customer:

Installation:

Tag identification (name):

System: FSM-IT

IU serial number:

Description of warning or error: Please attach the following files to the communication: (Use MultiTrend, Adv Cmds, file transfer,):

File: 'LOG.001' from directory C:\LOG\

Optional files: 'TAG_???.DAT' from directory C:\SITE\SITE001\

'TAG_???.BBN' from directory C:\SITE\SITE001\

(Both filenames will be specified)

'TOUCH.CAL' from directory C:\IUSETUP\

(Only needed if the touch panel fails)


6 MAINTENANCE

This section describes all necessary precautions and maintenance operations, which normally can be done by the user, including those which are recommended to be carried out by Roxar, in order to ensure safe, reliable and economical operation. This section contains detailed procedures for routine inspection, periodic maintenance, corrections and minor repair with recommended spare parts, consumables, reporting requirements, relevant document references and, if applicable, requirements for special skills and minimum crew.

6.1 Maintenance instructions

6.1.1 Routine inspection

This part of the maintenance instructions consists of the regular inspections carried out by the operator and / or maintenance personnel. The inspections consist of what can be measured, seen, heard or felt without interference in the equipment both during operation and while standstill.

6.1.1.1 INSTRUMENT UNIT

Before Inspection: Switch ON instrument and check its battery voltages:

• Instrument battery should read ~ 8.0 V. • Excitation battery should read ~ 2.2 V.

Lower battery voltages will reduce the number of measurements that can be taken before a battery charge is needed.

No error messages should be displayed when the instrument is switched ON.

6.1.2 Periodic maintenance


Service interval: 5 years3. The internal backup battery should be changed within 5 years. The instrument clock and calendar will be affected when the internal backup battery is changed.

6.1.2.2 CHARGER

No periodic maintenance is applicable.

6.1.2.3 BATTERY PACK

The battery pack lifetime is estimated to 2 years. If the number of obtainable measurements during one battery charge decreases considerably, a replacement of the battery pack should be considered.

3 The instrument units in the production range from p/n: 18200-001 to p/n: 18200-019 (a prototype

series) will need more frequent service.


6.1.3 Calibration


There is no need for regular (periodic) calibration of the Instrument Unit.

6.1.4 Charging the batteries

NOTE! Document reference: F641-16959-I-MU-3127 User Guide Battery Charger (BTL-21). This user guide must be followed when using the battery charger.

The battery charger may be used in several modes / conditions as described in the below charging table. The user has to manually enter 'conditioning' mode by pressing the charger buttons, otherwise 'normal' mode is entered.

NOTE! Battery charging should only take place in non-hazardous areas.

Charger mode Connection Comment

Normal Charger–Battery This is the normal way to charge a (spare) battery pack, before (when) IU is used to acquire measurements.

Conditioning

Follow instructions on the charger to enter this mode.

Charger–Battery

May be used to ensure a maximum battery charge provided sufficient time. This charging mode involves discharging of the battery; an interruption of the charging process may consequently cause problems.

Table 6.1: Battery charging modes

6.1.4.1 CHARGER OPERATION

Normal charging: Connect charger–battery or charger–IU–battery. Switch Charger ON.

Conditioning charging: Connect charger-battery or charger-IU-battery. Switch Charger ON and press the 'Conditioning' ('KONDISJONERING') button within 10 seconds.

6.1.4.2 BATTERY REPLACEMENT

The battery pack is the bottom part of the instrument unit. The battery pack is held in position by two clamps. Un-clamp the battery pack and pull it out of the IU.

Position a new battery pack with the connector towards the IU, slide the battery into the IU without using any force and clamp it.

NOTE! This operation should only take place in non-hazardous areas.

6.1.5 Storing, preservation and maintenance of preservation

The instrument unit, battery pack and charger must be stored indoors in a dry area.

Store the instrument with a battery pack inserted. Recharge the battery pack within 2 months. It is recommended to insert a fully charged battery pack before long term storage.


7 SPARE PARTS LIST

This section gives all necessary spare parts for the various equipment during operation.

All components which may require replacement due to destruction, wear, etc., are noted in separate spare parts list for the following type of equipment:

n Instrument unit n Battery charger n Battery pack n Measurement cable n IU / PC / Charger cable

All recommended spare parts are normally stock equipment.

The list covers spare parts intended for operation.

7.1 Instrument Unit and accessories

Instrument unit, charger and battery pack:

FSM-IT Spare parts Part No. Material Qty. for

Installation / commissioning

Qty. for operation

FSM-IT Operator KIT (Includes all necessary equipment: instrument, charger etc.)

18200KIT 1 1

FSM-IT Instrument 18200 1 1

FSM-IT Battery Charger 18210 1 1

FSM-IT Instrument / Measurement Cable 18221 1 1

FSM-IT Battery Charging Cable 18222 1 1

FSM-IT Carrying case 18239 1 1

Table 7.1: FSM-IT spare parts list


8 REFERENCE FIGURES TABLE

This section contains a list of all referenced information and figures used in the manual.

Tables: Table 2.1: Table of definitions.............................................................................................................5 Table 2.2: Specifications for FSM-IT equipment..................................................................................6 Table 2.3: Specifications for FSM-IT measurement objects.................................................................6 Table 2.4: Typical accuracy of FSM-IT measurement system .............................................................7 Table 4.1: FSM-IT operational equipment.........................................................................................12 Table 5.1: FSM-IT errors and warnings.............................................................................................26 Table 6.1: Battery charging modes ...................................................................................................29 Table 7.1: FSM-IT spare parts list.....................................................................................................30

Figures: Figure 2.1: FSM-IT instrument in measurement configuration. ............................................................................8

Figure 3.1: Pipe with current excitation. Current distribution and voltage potentials show a regular pattern.........11

Figure 3.2: Pipe with current excitation and a local defect. Current distribution and voltage potentials will

change around the defect...............................................................................................................11

Figure 5.1: Top Panel......................................................................................................................................17

Figure 5.2: Main Panel ....................................................................................................................................17

Figure 5.3: Measurement Panel.......................................................................................................................18

Figure 5.4: Presentation Panel.........................................................................................................................19

Figure 5.5: Measurement Averaging Panel.......................................................................................................20

Figure 5.6: Advanced Measurement Panel.......................................................................................................21

Figure 5.7: Excitation Current Adjustment Button Bar .......................................................................................22

Figure 5.8: Status Panel ..................................................................................................................................22

References:

Ref. 1 EMC- Certificate

f641-16959-i-mu-0020.03 fsm-it instrument user manual

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