face

the FACEthe FACEE.A.HILARIO, MD

Assistant ProfessorDepartment of Anatomy

Our Lady of Fatima University

BOUNDARIES BOUNDARIES OF THE FACEOF THE FACE

THE THE ANTERIOR ANTERIOR ASPECT OF ASPECT OF THE HEADTHE HEAD

FROM FROM FOREHEAD TO FOREHEAD TO CHINCHIN

FROM ONE FROM ONE EAR TO THE EAR TO THE OTHER EAROTHER EAR

AREAS OF AREAS OF THE FACETHE FACE FOREHEADFOREHEAD ORBITALORBITAL MALARMALAR ZYGOMATICZYGOMATIC INFRAORBITALINFRAORBITAL NASALNASAL MAXILLARYMAXILLARY BUCCALBUCCAL MANDIBULARMANDIBULAR AURICULARAURICULAR ORAL (LABIAL)ORAL (LABIAL) MENTAL (CHIN)MENTAL (CHIN)

THE SHAPE THE SHAPE OF THE FACEOF THE FACE

RELIES ON RELIES ON THE THE UNDERLYING UNDERLYING STRUCTURESSTRUCTURES◦BONESBONES◦BUCCAL FADSBUCCAL FADS◦FACIAL FACIAL

MUSCLESMUSCLES

STRUCTURES STRUCTURES UNDERNEATUNDERNEATH THE SKIN H THE SKIN OF THE FACEOF THE FACE

• MUSCLESMUSCLES

• FATSFATS

• NERVESNERVES

• BLOOD BLOOD VESSELSVESSELS

THE MUSCLES THE MUSCLES OF THE FACEOF THE FACE MUSCLES OF MUSCLES OF

FACIAL FACIAL EXPRESSIONSEXPRESSIONS

IN THE IN THE SUBCUTANEOUS SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUETISSUE

ATTACHED FROM ATTACHED FROM THE SKULL THE SKULL BONES & FASCIAE BONES & FASCIAE AND TO THE SKIN AND TO THE SKIN AND MUCOUS AND MUCOUS MEMBRANE MEMBRANE WHERE THEY WHERE THEY PRODUCE THEIR PRODUCE THEIR EFFECTEFFECT

INNERVATED BY INNERVATED BY FACIAL NERVE FACIAL NERVE (C.N.VII)(C.N.VII)

MUSCLES MUSCLES OF THE OF THE FOREHEADFOREHEAD

FRONTALIS FRONTALIS (EPICRANIUS)(EPICRANIUS)

MUSCLES OF MUSCLES OF THE CHEEKS & THE CHEEKS & LIPS LIPS SURROUNDING SURROUNDING THE MOUTHTHE MOUTH

ORBICULARIS ORISORBICULARIS ORIS LEVATOR LABII LEVATOR LABII

SUPERIORIS ALA QUE SUPERIORIS ALA QUE NASINASI

MENTALISMENTALIS BUCCINATORBUCCINATOR DEPRESSOR ANGULI DEPRESSOR ANGULI

ORIS (TRIANGULARIS)ORIS (TRIANGULARIS) LEVATOR ANGULI ORISLEVATOR ANGULI ORIS ZYGOMATICUS MAJORZYGOMATICUS MAJOR ZYGOMATICUS MINORZYGOMATICUS MINOR LEVATOR LABII LEVATOR LABII

INFERIORISINFERIORIS DEPRESSOR LABII DEPRESSOR LABII

INFERIORIS INFERIORIS (QUADRANGULARIS)(QUADRANGULARIS)

RISORIUSRISORIUS

• FACIAL FACIAL EXPRESSION EXPRESSION MUSCLEMUSCLE

BUCCINATORBUCCINATOR

MUSCLES OF MUSCLES OF THE CHEEKS & THE CHEEKS & LIPS LIPS SURROUNDING SURROUNDING THE MOUTHTHE MOUTH ORBICULARIS ORISORBICULARIS ORIS LEVATOR LABII LEVATOR LABII

SUPERIORIS ALA SUPERIORIS ALA QUE NASIQUE NASI

MENTALISMENTALIS BUCCINATORBUCCINATOR DEPRESSOR ANGULI DEPRESSOR ANGULI

ORIS ORIS (TRIANGULARIS)(TRIANGULARIS)

LEVATOR ANGULI LEVATOR ANGULI ORISORIS

ZYGOMATICUS ZYGOMATICUS MAJORMAJOR

ZYGOMATICUS ZYGOMATICUS MINORMINOR

LEVATOR LABII LEVATOR LABII INFERIORISINFERIORIS

DEPRESSOR LABII DEPRESSOR LABII INFERIORIS INFERIORIS (QUADRANGULARIS)(QUADRANGULARIS)

RISORIUSRISORIUS

MUSCLES MUSCLES SURROUNDING SURROUNDING THE ORBITTHE ORBIT

ORBICULARIS ORBICULARIS OCULIOCULI◦ LACRIMAL PARTLACRIMAL PART◦ PALPEBRAL PALPEBRAL

PARTPART◦ ORBITAL PARTORBITAL PART

CORRUGATOR CORRUGATOR SUPERCILIISUPERCILII

MUSCLES MUSCLES OF THE OF THE NOSENOSE

NASALISNASALIS◦ COMPRESSOR COMPRESSOR

PARTPART TRANSVERSETRANSVERSE BRIDGEBRIDGE

◦ DILATOR PARTDILATOR PART ALAEALAE

PROCERUSPROCERUSDEPRESSOR DEPRESSOR

SEPTISEPTI

FACIAL EXPRESSIONSFACIAL EXPRESSIONS

TRIGEMINAL TRIGEMINAL NERVE:NERVE: -THE SENSORY -THE SENSORY NERVE SUPPLY NERVE SUPPLY OF THE FACEOF THE FACE -THE MOTOR -THE MOTOR NERVE SUPPLY NERVE SUPPLY OF THE OF THE MUSCLES OF MUSCLES OF MASTICATIONMASTICATION

Ophthalmic Ophthalmic NerveNerve

Maxillary NerveMaxillary Nerve Mandibular Mandibular

NerveNerve

TRIGEMINAL TRIGEMINAL NERVE:NERVE: THE SENSORY THE SENSORY NERVE OF THE FACENERVE OF THE FACE

OPHTHALMIC N.OPHTHALMIC N.MAXILLARY N.MAXILLARY N.MANDIBULAR N.MANDIBULAR N.

OPHTHALMIC OPHTHALMIC NERVE (CNV1)NERVE (CNV1)THE SMALLEST DIVISIONTHE SMALLEST DIVISION

BRANCHES: NASOCILIARY N.NASOCILIARY N.

◦ ANTERIOR ETHMOIDAL ANTERIOR ETHMOIDAL N.N. EXTERNAL NASAL N.EXTERNAL NASAL N.

◦ POSTERIOR POSTERIOR ETHMOIDAL N.ETHMOIDAL N.

◦ INFRATROCHLEAR N.INFRATROCHLEAR N. FRONTAL N.FRONTAL N.

◦ SUPRATROCHLEAR N.SUPRATROCHLEAR N.◦ SUPRAORBITAL N.SUPRAORBITAL N.

LACRIMAL N.LACRIMAL N.

• OPHTHALMIC NERVE (CNV1)OPHTHALMIC NERVE (CNV1)THE SMALLEST DIVISIONTHE SMALLEST DIVISION

BRANCHES: NASOCILIARY NERVENASOCILIARY NERVE

◦ ANTERIOR ANTERIOR ETHMOIDAL NERVEETHMOIDAL NERVE EXTERNAL NASAL EXTERNAL NASAL

NERVENERVE◦ POSTERIOR POSTERIOR

ETHMOIDAL NERVEETHMOIDAL NERVE◦ INFRATROCHLEAR INFRATROCHLEAR

NERVENERVE FRONTAL N.FRONTAL N.

◦ SUPRATROCHLEAR SUPRATROCHLEAR NERVENERVE

◦ SUPRAORBITAL SUPRAORBITAL NERVENERVE

LACRIMAL NERVELACRIMAL NERVE

• OPHTHALMIC OPHTHALMIC NERVE (CNV1)NERVE (CNV1)THE SMALLEST DIVISION

MAJOR CUTANEOUS BRANCHES:

EXTERNAL NASAL EXTERNAL NASAL NERVENERVE

INFRATROCHLEAR N.INFRATROCHLEAR N. SUPRATROCHLEAR SUPRATROCHLEAR

NERVENERVE SUPRAORBITAL SUPRAORBITAL

NERVENERVE LACRIMAL NERVELACRIMAL NERVE

• OPHTHALMIC OPHTHALMIC NERVE (CNV1)NERVE (CNV1)THE SMALLEST DIVISIONTHE SMALLEST DIVISION


EXTERNAL NASAL EXTERNAL NASAL NERVENERVE

INFRATROCHLEAR INFRATROCHLEAR NERVENERVE

SUPRATROCHLEAR SUPRATROCHLEAR NERVENERVE

SUPRAORBITAL SUPRAORBITAL NERVENERVE

LACRIMAL NERVELACRIMAL NERVE

• MAXILLARY MAXILLARY NERVE (CNV2)NERVE (CNV2)THE INTERMEDIATE DIVISIONTHE INTERMEDIATE DIVISION

BRANCHES: BRANCHES TO BRANCHES TO

PTERYGOPALATINE PTERYGOPALATINE GANGLIONGANGLION

ZYGOMATIC NERVEZYGOMATIC NERVE ZYGOMATICOTEMPORAL ZYGOMATICOTEMPORAL

NERVENERVE ZYGOMATICOFACIAL ZYGOMATICOFACIAL

NERVENERVE INFRATROCHLEAR NERVEINFRATROCHLEAR NERVE COMMUNICATING COMMUNICATING

BRANCH TO LACRIMAL BRANCH TO LACRIMAL NERVENERVE

PALATINE NERVEPALATINE NERVE NASAL NERVENASAL NERVE INFRAORBITAL NERVEINFRAORBITAL NERVE

• MAXILLARY MAXILLARY NERVE (CNV2)NERVE (CNV2)THE INTERMEDIATE THE INTERMEDIATE DIVISIONDIVISION


ZYGOMATICOTEMPORAL ZYGOMATICOTEMPORAL NERVENERVE

ZYGOMATICOFACIAL NERVEZYGOMATICOFACIAL NERVE INFRAORBITAL NERVEINFRAORBITAL NERVE

MANDIBULAR MANDIBULAR NERVE (CNV3)NERVE (CNV3)THE INFERIOR & LARGEST THE INFERIOR & LARGEST DIVISIONDIVISION

MOTOR BRANCHES:◦ TENSOR TYMPANI◦ MUSCLES OF

MASTICATION TEMPORALIS MASSETER MEDIAL PTERYGOID LATERAL PTERYGOID

SENSORY BRANCHES:◦ AURICULOTEMPORAL AURICULOTEMPORAL

NERVENERVE◦ BUCCAL NERVEBUCCAL NERVE◦ MENTAL NERVEMENTAL NERVE

• MANDIBULAR MANDIBULAR NERVE (CNV3)NERVE (CNV3)THE INFERIOR & LARGEST THE INFERIOR & LARGEST DIVISIONDIVISION

MOTOR BRANCHES:◦ TENSOR TYMPANI◦ MUSCLES OF

MASTICATION TEMPORALIS MASSETER MEDIAL PTERYGOID LATERAL PTERYGOID

SENSORY BRANCHES:◦ AURICULOTEMPORAL AURICULOTEMPORAL

NERVENERVE◦ BUCCAL NERVEBUCCAL NERVE◦ MENTAL NERVEMENTAL NERVE

MUSCLES OF MASTICATIONMUSCLES OF MASTICATION

FACIAL FACIAL NERVENERVE

MOTORMOTOR◦ NERVE TO NERVE TO

STAPEDIUSSTAPEDIUS◦ POSTERIOR POSTERIOR

AURICULAR NERVEAURICULAR NERVE AURICULARIS AURICULARIS

POSTERIOR AND POSTERIOR AND OCCIPITALISOCCIPITALIS

◦ PAROTID PLEXUS: PAROTID PLEXUS: MUSCLES OF MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSIONFACIAL EXPRESSION TEMPORALTEMPORAL ZYGOMATICZYGOMATIC BUCCALBUCCAL MANDIBULARMANDIBULAR CERVICALCERVICAL

SENSORYSENSORY◦ NONE IN THE SKIN NONE IN THE SKIN

OF THE FACEOF THE FACE◦ TASTE TO THE TASTE TO THE

ANTERIOR TWO-ANTERIOR TWO-THIRDS OF THE THIRDS OF THE TOUNGETOUNGE

FACIAL NERVEFACIAL NERVE --THE SPECIAL THE SPECIAL SENSORY NERVE SENSORY NERVE SUPPLY OF THE SUPPLY OF THE ANTERIOR TONGUEANTERIOR TONGUE -THE MOTOR NERVE -THE MOTOR NERVE SUPPLY OF THE SUPPLY OF THE MUSCLES OF FACIAL MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSIONEXPRESSION

TEMPORAL N.TEMPORAL N. ZYGOMATIC N.ZYGOMATIC N. BUCCAL N.BUCCAL N. MANDIBULAR N.MANDIBULAR N. CERVICAL N.CERVICAL N.

FACIAL NERVE FACIAL NERVE (CNVII)(CNVII)MIXED CRANIAL NERVEMIXED CRANIAL NERVE

MOTOR BRANCHES:◦ STAPEDIUS◦ MUSCLES OF

EXPRESSIONS◦ STYLOHYOID

SENSORY BRANCHES:◦ PAROTID PLEXUSPAROTID PLEXUS◦ TERMINAL BRANCHES:TERMINAL BRANCHES:

TEMPORAL NERVETEMPORAL NERVE ZYGOMATIC NERVEZYGOMATIC NERVE BUCCAL NERVEBUCCAL NERVE MANDIBULAR NERVEMANDIBULAR NERVE CERVICAL NERVECERVICAL NERVE

FACIAL NERVE FACIAL NERVE (CNVII)(CNVII)MIXED CRANIAL NERVEMIXED CRANIAL NERVE

MOTOR BRANCHES:◦ STAPEDIUS◦ MUSCLES OF

EXPRESSIONS◦ STYLOHYOID

SENSORY BRANCHES:◦ PAROTID PLEXUSPAROTID PLEXUS◦ TERMINAL BRANCHES:TERMINAL BRANCHES:

TEMPORAL N.TEMPORAL N. ZYGOMATIC N.ZYGOMATIC N. BUCCAL N.BUCCAL N. MANDIBULAR N.MANDIBULAR N. CERVICAL N.CERVICAL N.

• FACIAL FACIAL VASCULATURESVASCULATURESARTERIES OF THE FACEARTERIES OF THE FACE

FACIAL ARTERY◦ FROM:

EXT. CAROTID ARTERY◦ BRANCHES:

SUPERIOR LABIAL A. INFERIOR LABIAL A. ANGULAR A.

SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY◦ FROM:

EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

TRANSVERSE FACIAL ARTERY◦ FROM:FROM:

SUPERFICIAL SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERYTEMPORAL ARTERY



EXT.ERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

◦ BRANCHES: SUPERIOR LABIAL

ARTERY INFERIOR LABIAL

ARTERY ANGULAR ARTERY








◦ BRANCHES: SUPERIOR LABIAL

ARTERY INFERIOR LABIAL

ARTERY ANGULAR ARTERY





ARTERIES ARTERIES OF THE OF THE FACEFACE

• FACIAL FACIAL VASCULATURESVASCULATURESVEINS OF THE FACEVEINS OF THE FACE

SUPRATROCHLEAR V.◦ TRIBUTARIES:

VENOUS PLEXUS OF FORHEAD & SCALP

FRONTAL BRANCH OF SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL V.

CONTRALATERAL V. (PARTNER)

SUPRAORBITAL V.◦ TERMINATION:

ANGULAR V.

SUPRAORBITAL V.◦ TRIBUTARIES:

FRONTAL TRIBUTARY OF SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL V.

SUPRATROCHLEAR V. SUPERIOR OPHTHALMIC V.

◦ TERMINATION: ANGULAR V.

THE ARTERIES OF THE FACETHE ARTERIES OF THE FACE

SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY◦ ORIGIN: EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY◦ COURSE: ASCENDS ANTERIOR TO EAR,

TO TEMPORAL REGION AND ENDS IN THE SCALP

◦ SUPPLIES: FACIAL MUSCLES, SKIN OF FRONTAL AND TEMPORAL AREAS

TRANSVERSE FACIAL ARTERY◦ ORIGIN: SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL

ARTERY◦ COURSE: CROSSES FACE EXTERNAL TO

THE MASSETER AND INFERIOR TO THE ZYGOMATIC ARCH

◦ SUPPLIES: PAROTID GLAND AND DUCT, MUSCLES AND SKIN OF THE FACE

FACIAL ARTERY◦ ORIGIN: EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY◦ COURSE: ASCENDS DEEP TO THE

SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND, WINDS AROUND THE INFERIOR BORDER OF THE MANDIBLE AND ENTERS THE FACE

◦ BRANCHES: SUPERIOR & INFERIOR LABIAL ARTERIES TERMINAL: ANGULAR ARTERY

◦ THE MAJOR BLOOD SUPPLY THE FACE (SKIN AND MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSIONS)


SUPRATROCHLEAR VEIN◦ FORMATION:

FROM A VENOUS PLEXUS ON THE FORHEAD AND SCALP, COMMUNICATES WITH THE FRONTAL BRANCH OF THE SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL VEIN, CONTRALATERAL PARTNER AND SUPRAORBITAL VEIN

◦ COURSE: DESCENDS NEAR THE

MIDLINE OF THE FOREHEAD TO THE ROOT OF THE NOSE WHERE IT JOINS THE SUPRAORBITAL VEIN

◦ TERMINATION: ANGULAR VEIN AT THE

ROOT OF THE NOSE◦ AREAS DRAINED :

ANTERIOR PART OF THE SCALP AND FOREHEAD


SUPRAORBITAL VEIN◦ FORMATION:

AT THE FOREHEAD BY THE ANASTOMOSIS WITH THE TRIBUTARIES OF THE SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL VEIN IN THE FRONTAL AREA

◦ COURSE: PASSES MEDIALLY

SUPERIOR TO THE ORBIT JOINS THE

SUPRATROCHLEAR VEIN COMMUNICATES WITH THE

SUPERIOR OPHTHALMIC VEIN THROUGH A BRANCH PASSING THROUGH THE SUPRAORBITAL NOTCH

◦ TERMINATION: ANGULAR VEIN AT THE

ROOT OF THE NOSE◦ AREAS DRAINED :

ANTERIOR PART OF THE SCALP AND FOREHEAD


ANGULAR VEIN◦ FORMATION:

UNION OF SUPRATROCHLEAR VEIN & SUPRAORBITAL VEIN

ROOT OF THE NOSE◦ COURSE:

DESCENDS OBLIQUELY ALONG THE ROOT AND THE SIDE OF THE NOSE AND THEN TO THE INFERIOR MARGIN OF THE ORBIT

◦ TERMINATION: FACIAL VEIN AT THE

INFERIOR MARGIN OF THE ORBIT

◦ AREAS DRAINED : ROOT AND SIDE OF THE

NOSE INFERIOR MARGIN OF

ORBIT UPPER AND LOWER LIDS

AND CONJUNCTIVAE CAVERNOUS SINUS


FACIAL VEIN◦ TRIBUTARIES:

COMMUNICATES WITH THE SUPERIOR OPHTHALMIC VEIN AT THE MEDIAL CANTHUS OF THE EYE THAT DRAINS INTO THE CEVERNOUS SINUS

DEEP FACIAL VEIN THAT DRAINS THE PTERYGOID VENOUS PLEXUS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA ANTERIORLY

SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR LABIAL VEINS THAT DRAIN THE UPPER AND LOWER LIPS

JOINED BY THE ANTERIOR COMMUNICATING BRANCH OF THE RETROMANDIBULAR VEIN AT THE INFERIOR ANGLE OF THE MANDIBLE

◦ TERMINATION: DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY INTO

THE INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN

THE FACIAL VEINTHE FACIAL VEIN

THE VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE FACE

TRIBUTARIES:TRIBUTARIES:◦ DEEP FACIAL VEIN THAT DEEP FACIAL VEIN THAT

DRAINS THE PTERYGOID DRAINS THE PTERYGOID VENOUS PLEXUS OF THER VENOUS PLEXUS OF THER INFRATEMPORAL FOSSAINFRATEMPORAL FOSSA

◦ SUPERFIOR AND INFERIOR SUPERFIOR AND INFERIOR LABIAL VEINS THAT DRAIN LABIAL VEINS THAT DRAIN THE UPPER AND LOWER THE UPPER AND LOWER LIPSLIPS

JOINED BY THE JOINED BY THE ANTERIOR BRANCH OF ANTERIOR BRANCH OF THE THE RETROMANDIBULAR RETROMANDIBULAR VEIN INFERIOR TO THE VEIN INFERIOR TO THE ANGLE OF THE ANGLE OF THE MANDIBLEMANDIBLE

COMMUNICATES WITH COMMUNICATES WITH THE SUPERIOR THE SUPERIOR OPHTHALMIC VEIN AT OPHTHALMIC VEIN AT THE MEDIAL CANTHUS THE MEDIAL CANTHUS OF THE EYE WHICH OF THE EYE WHICH DRAINS INTO THE DRAINS INTO THE RETROMANDIBULAR RETROMANDIBULAR VEINVEIN

DRAINS DIRECTLY OR DRAINS DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY INTO THE INDIRECTLY INTO THE INTERNAL JUGULAR INTERNAL JUGULAR VEINVEIN


SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL VEIN◦ ORIGIN:

FORMED BY A WIDESPEAD VENOUS PLEXUS ON THE SIDE OF THE SCALP AND ALONG THE ZYGOMATIC ARCH

◦ COURSE: ITS FRONTAL AND PARIETAL

TRIBUTARIES UNITE ANTERIOR TO THE AURICLE

CROSSES THE TEMPORAL ROOT OF THE ZYGOMATIC ARCH TO PASS FROM THE TEMPORAL REGION AND ENTER THE SUBSTANCE OF THE PAROTID GLAND

◦ DRAINS THE: SIDE OF THE SCALP SUPERFICIAL PART OF

TEMPORALIS MUSCLE EXTERNAL EAR

◦ DRAINS INTO: RETROMANDIBULAR VEIN

AS IT IS JOINED BY THE MAXILLARY VEIN


RETROMANDIBULAR VEIN◦ ORIGIN:

FORMED BY THE UNION OF THE SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL AND MAXILLARY VEIN ANTERIOR TO THE EAR

◦ COURSE: RUNS POSTERIOR AND

DEEP TO THE RAMUS OF THE MANDIBLE THROUGH THE SUBSTANCE OF THE PAROTID GLAND

COMMUNICATES AT ITS INFERIOR END WITH THE FACIAL VEIN

◦ DRAINS THE: PAROTID GLAND MASSETER MUSCLE

◦ DRAINS INTO: EXTERNAL JUGULAR

VEIN VIA UNION WITH POSTERIOR AURICULAR VEIN

LYMPHATIC LYMPHATIC DRAINAGEDRAINAGEOF THE FACEOF THE FACE

SUPERFICIAL & DEEP LYMPHATICS

ALL LYMPHS DRAINS INTO THE DEEP CERVICAL GROUP OF LYMPH NODES THEN INTO THE JUGULAR LYMPHATIC TRUNK

PAROTID LN.◦ LATERAL FACE & EYELIDS

DEEP CERVICAL LN.◦ DEEP PAROTID

SUBMANDIBULAR LN.◦ UPPER LIP & LATERAL

LOWER LIP SUBMENTAL LN.

◦ CHIN & MIDLOWER LIP


SUPERFICIAL & DEEP LYMPHATICS

LYMPH NODE GROUPS:◦ PAROTID LYMPH

NODES DRAINING THE LATERAL FACE & EYELIDS

◦ DEEP PAROTID LYMPH NODES DRAINING TO THE DEEP CERVICAL LYMPH NODES

◦ SUBMANDIBULAR LYMPH NODES DRAINING THE UPPER LIP & LATERAL LOWER LIP

◦ SUBMENTAL LYMPH NODES DRAINING THE CHIN & CHIN & MIDLOWER LIPMIDLOWER LIP


FLOW OF THE LYMPHATICS:

ALL LYMPHS DRAINS INTO THE DEEP CERVICAL GROUP OF LYMPH NODES THEN INTO THE THE JUGULAR JUGULAR LYMPHATIC LYMPHATIC TRUNKTRUNK

CLINICAL CLINICAL CONDITIONSCONDITIONSOF THE FACEOF THE FACE

FACIAL NERVE INJURY

LESIONS OF TRIGEMINAL NERVE

TRIGEMINAL NERVE NEURALGIA◦ TIC DOLOREAUX

THROMBOPHLEBITIS OF THE FACIAL VEIN

FACIALNERVEINJURY

TRIGEMINAL NERVESENSORY DEFICITSENSORY DEFICITNEURALGIA (TIC DOLOREAUX)NEURALGIA (TIC DOLOREAUX)

DANGEROUS AREA OF THE FACE

CAVERNOUS SINUS CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSISTHROMBOSIS

CLEFT LIP(HARELIP)(HARELIP)

HYDROPS FETALIS

CHEILOPLASTY

MACROGNATIA

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