facility operations & maintenance stormwater...
TRANSCRIPT
Municipal Stormwater Workshop - Winter 2015
FACILITY OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE
STORMWATER POLLUTION PREVENTION GOOD HOUSEKEEPING PRACTICES Pennsylvania Environmental Council
Presenter: Liz Feinberg, Calvan Environmental
William Penn Foundation and City of Philadelphia
(Music: Great Rain, John Prine)
Agenda
Background+,+Common+Stormwater+Pollutants+
Stormwater+Pollu6on+Preven6on+and+Good+Housekeeping+Management+Prac6ces++
Stormwater+Facility+Maintenance+and+Land+Management+Tips
Federal Clean Water Act
Goal:&&Clean+rivers+and+creeks+
Why:&&&&
»Fishable&»Swimmable&
»Drinkable&How…by&controlling:&
»Urban&Stormwater&Runoff&
»Agricultural&Runoff&» Industrial/WWTP&Discharges&
»Mine&Drainage&
Pollution transported by storm
water into storm drains and streams is a major source of
water pollution in the U.S.
Streets and Highways - Sidewalks - Shopping Centers - Parking
Lots - Rooftops - Lawns - Parks - Ballfields - Gas Stations -
Commercial and Industrial sites
“Prevent pollutants from washing off
land and into storm sewers and
streams”
Sediment
Nutrients Oil & Grease
Bacteria
Trash
toxic CHEMICALS
ChLorides
Com
mon Storm
water Pollutants
SedimentStream+Sedimenta6on&=&water&polluHon&=&excessive&dirt&accumulaHon&in&stream&beds&clogs&channels&and&buries&freshwater&habitat&where&fish/aquaHc&organisms&live&and&reproduce.&
Eroding&banks
nutrient pollution
Excess Phosphorus & Nitrogen cause
damaging algae blooms that deplete streams of
oxygen needed by fish.
Oil and Grease
250,000 Gallons !of Water can be
contaminated by a One Quart of Oil
trash
toxics = ORGANICS & HEAVY METALS
Chemicals Solvents & Degreasers Anti-Freeze, Hydraulic Fluid, Coolant, Brake Fluid
Lubricants & Grease Paints & Coatings Pesticides & Herbicides Detergents & Degreasers
Chlorides in road salt Stream salinization
Chlorides easily migrate into our waterways Not easily removed once dissolved
Degrades drinking water quality & taste Aquatic toxicity in freshwater streams Saline water is more corrosive
Stormwater
Pollution Prevention
Good Housekeeping Practices
for
Public Works
PART I
Common Sources:Public+Works+Yards+Fueling+&+Cleaning+Motorized+Equipment+Road+Repair+and+Clearing+Equipment+Storage+&+Maintenance+Deicing+Pain6ng+&+Coa6ng+
Fleet+Management+Property,+Park+&+Facility+Maintenance+Trash+management+Mowing+&+Mulching+Landscape+Management+Compos6ng
Facility Inventory
Operation & Maintenance Plan
Training
What does this mean…Know Your BMPs
Permit Requirements for MCM6:
Keep&an&eye&on&it&No&ToppingROff&Cleanup&spills&immediately&
Prevent&fuels&from&entering&storm&drains
Vehicle Fueling BMPs
Prevent exposure to rain when filling up
Don’t hose down fueling areas
Routinely wipe down spigots & ports using damp cloth
Clean fuel dispensing areas using dry cleaning methods
When refueling off site employ pollution prevention measures…
– spill cleanup supplies on hand – away from inlets and waterways
Fueling - Rules of Thumb
NOTE:&&FUEL+TANKS:+» on&concrete&pad&» elevated&off&the&ground&» overfill&prevenHon&system&» secondary&containment
Vehicle Fueling
PA DEP Press Release, 1/5/15, “fined Montour County site…fuel tanks had been overfilled and cap was not properly secured to a tank riser pipe. Another incident…overfill device had malfunctioned and drain plug had been left open in the containment structure surrounding the tank…” … “spills that degraded wetland and two creeks could have been prevented with proper facility maintenance and monitoring”
Vehicle Maintenance
Damaged Vehicles & Machinery Storage:
Steer clear of storm drains
Indoors or under cover
Collect and contain leaking fluids
Use drip pan as a precaution
Empty drip pans as needed
Report damage/leaks to supervisor
Vehicle MaintenanceMaterial Handling:
Be smart when pouring haz. mat Proper storage Adhere to disposal practices
– Parts Washing – Waste Oil
Know where to find MSDS’s Know proper procedures
– Indoors or under cover – On impervious surface – Labeled containers – Secondary containment
» Batteries
» Coolant
» Degreasers/Solvents
» Oil
» Used Filters & Rags
the ”GOOD”, the ”BAD” or the UGLY
What do Y
ou Think?
1. Protect+Inlets+Immediately++– Prevent&fluids&from&entering&storm&drains&&
– Prevent&fluids&from&entering&streets&&&streams&&
– Know&the&locaHon&of&all&storm&inlets&&
– Know&where&the&Spill+Kit&is&stored&
2. Locate&Spill&Cleanup&Supplies&3. Apply&absorbent&&
4. Pickup&and&Dispose&of&Spent+Absorbent&5. Reapply&absorbent&if&needed
Don’t be a drip…Clean Up Spills
the ”GOOD”, the ”BAD” or the UGLY
What do Y
ou Think?
What do Y
ou Think?
Absorbents: What’s the Scoop?
» Fuel&» Transmission&Fluid&» AnHRFreeze&» Paint&» Solvents&» PesHcides&
Vehicle MaintenanceWhen+transferring+fluids:+
Employ&safe&and&effecHve&methods&Use&designated&staHons&(i.e.,&parts&washing&staHon)&Stay&away&from&storm&drains&Take&precauHons&to&prevent&spillage&Consider&using&secondary&container&or&catchment&Cleanup&using&dry&absorbents&Wipe&down&ports&&&containers&Know&procedures&before&you&pour
the ”GOOD”, the ”BAD” or the UGLY
What do Y
ou Think?
What do Y
ou Think?
Vehicle Washing
• Routine wipe down • Use designated wash
station • Follow procedures • Avoid excessive detergent • Ensure wash-water goes to
designated location
Vehicle washing pollutants: oil, grease,
dirt/sediment, detergents, surfactants,
phosphates, heavy metals
NOTE: Managing washwater volume is critical to prevent environmental degradation.
Biological+Treatment+Op6ons
Bioretention and Biofiltration Basins
» Plants can absorb heavy metals and nutrients » Bugs and microorganisms breakdown & decompose
hydrocarbons
Lower&Providence&Township
Structural+“Treatment”+Op6ons
Hydra-cleanPhysically&trap&grit&and&dirt&parHcles&
Capture&oil&and&petroleum&products
Wash-water Recycling System
Highly-engineered to capture and clean wastewater for reuse.
The Taj Mahal
• “Phosphate,free”+is+beYer+on+the+environment.+
• Citrus,based+cleaners+are+preferable&– nonRtoxic&– no&chlorinated&/&petroleumRbased&ingredients&– &Biodegradable&=&breaks&down&naturally&by&bacteria&in&a&reasonable&Hmeframe&– Absence&of&fumes&beber&indoor&air&quality&– Note:&Citrus+Oil&needed&for&most&industrial&uses&to&avoid&rust&
• Aqueous+Cleaners&(&“waterRbased”&)&are&preferable&
• Read&Labels&and&Refer&to&Material+Safety+Date+Sheet&(MSDS)
The deal with detergents…
A+big+job+,+Black+Roads+without+degrading+streams+and+drinking+water+quality.++Public+Safety+First.
Winter Roads
we toss more than 20 million tons of sodium chloride on our roadways every winter. That's about 13 times more salt than is used by the entire food processing industry (PDF). Salt lowers the freezing temperature of water and thus melts street-clogging snow and ice. But its public safety benefits do come with some ecological drawbacks.
Choride in local creeks elevated in winter months following precipitation
0.0#
20.0#
40.0#
60.0#
80.0#
100.0#
120.0#
0#
200#
400#
600#
800#
1000#
1200#
1400#
1600#
1800#
2000#
2/1# 2/6# 2/11# 2/16# 2/21# 2/26# 3/3# 3/8#
Es#m
ated
)Discharge)(cfs))
Chlorid
e)(m
g/l))
Date)/)Time)
CMC)=)860)mg/l)
CCC)=)230)mg/l)
Blue line = Precipitation Flow = Chloride Detections
• Avoid overfilling&• Make&sure&spreaders working properly • Adjust “load-throw” as you go, based
on real-time condition • Only last truck salts in Plow Train • Where did you Dump Back
– Avoid stream crossings – Go back and sweep up
• Obtain upper management direction
Salting
Salt+the+Earth…+Wisely
• Be aware of sensitive areas – well head protection – drinking water recharge – reservoirs – wetlands & streams
• Reduce application rates when possible - safety
Road Salting
Minimize+Impacts+to+Water+Supplies:
• Salt+Brine+Pre,treatment+++improves+effec6veness+of+salt+(30%+less+salt)+++reduces+scaYer+++lowers+freezing+point+
• Beet+Juice+++Salt+++Proven+effec6veness+in+our+region+++Bio,Degradable+,+no+harmful+residual+++Less+corrosive+
Winter Roads
Alterna6ve+Ice,Figh6ng+Tools:$1000/truck&to&retrofit&with&tank&&&spray&equipment&(E.&Bradford&Twp)
Last&winter&in&E.&Bradford&“No&Call&Backs.”&West&Goshen&DPW&“a&world&of&
difference”
Material Storage & Handling:
Outside&floodplain&&Away&from&inlets&Cover&and&contain&supplies&Keep&material&dry&Sweep&during&and&ager&operaHons
Winter Roads
Pollution Prevention
Good Housekeeping Practices other
Municipal Operations &
Activities
Waste Handling• Bag and Dispose solid
waste properly - inside the dumpster
• Use sturdy bags • “Keep a Lid on It” • Report/Replace lids not
functioning
• Lock dumpsters as needed • Recommend new
receptacles where needed • Sweep up waste storage
area• Avoid hosing down waste
storage area
the GOOD, the BAD or the UGLY
What do Y
ou Think?
What do Y
ou Think?
Parking Lots and Work Yards• Regularly sweep • Run street cleaner
around the lot • Keep drains litter-free • Inspect & Clean-out
storm pipes & drains
… heavy solids sink
Water
…oil floats
Oil-Grit Separator
the GOOD, the BAD or the UGLY
What do Y
ou Think?
What do Y
ou Think?
Report&and&respond&to&problems&
Ensure&procedures&are&being&followed&
Communicate&procedures&to&contractors&/&delivery&personnel&when&needed&
Cleanup&rouHnely&and&as&needed
Loading+and+Unloading
Stockpiles, Staging & Storage
Outside floodplains
Away from inlets
Cover and contain
Prevent direct contact with rain/run-on – Away from drainage pathways
– Elevate off the ground
Sweep up
Set yourself up for success – Plan ahead, discuss options, have
supplies on-hand (i.e., tarps, etc.)
Compos6ng
Manage runoff from compost operations
Control leachate runoff
What BMPs are needed to control runoff
Properly dispose non-degradables
Construction & Earth DisturbanceErosion&&&Sediment&(E&S)&Controls&properly&installed?&
Inspect&E&S®ularly&&&ager&major&storms&&
CleanRout&&&maintain&E&S&
Ensure&site/earth&is&stabilized&before&E&S&removal
the GOOD, the BAD or the UGLY
What do Y
ou Think?
What do Y
ou Think?
Pollution Prevention (P2) Pays:
PrevenHng&spills&avoids&cleanup&&&remediaHon&costs&
Lowers&liability&
Reduces&Insurance&Claims&
Avoids&fines&
Clean Streets, Clean StreamsSet An Example…
- Take Ten -
Stormwater Management Facilities
Inspection and Maintenance
&
Park and Open Space
Watershed Protection Tips
PART II
Inlets&/&Storm&Sewers&Conveyances&(drainage&channels,&pipes,&swales)&Stormwater&Basins&Oujalls&R&where&stormwater&discharges&into&creeks&&Other&Stormwater&Treatment&Structures&&&Devices&» Naturalized&Basins,&Extended&DetenHon&Basins&» Rain&Gardens,&BioinfiltraHon&Gardens&»Water&Quality&Inserts/Traps/Filters&
Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System “MS4”
Stormwater Inlets - know where they are!
Routine Inlet Clean-out
the GOOD, the BAD or the UGLYW
hat do You Think?
What do Y
ou Think?
Water Quality Inserts (oil-grit separator, stormceptor)
CAUTION:&detergents&containing&surfactants&that&emulsify&oils&to&in&the&cleaning&process&can&hinder&oilRgrit&separator&performance&by&flushing&out&accumulated&oil.&
» Any&at&your&yard?&» Where&are&they&» What’s&the&inspecHon&frequency?&
» Know&cleanRout&procedures.&
» Is&grit&chamber&filled?&&» Is&an&engineering&inspecHon&needed&to&ensure&proper&funcHon?&&
» Report&concerns&or&problems&
Basins
A basin by any other name is still a…”BASIN”
However…&basins&are¬&all&created&equal
»Draining properly, “per design”?
» If not, why not?
»Are outlets clogged
»Excessive litter in basin?
Basin Matters
Basins…
» Are basin berms or sidewalls stable and sound?
» Are basin banks undermined?
» Is basin bottom being eroded?
Basins…» Condition of vegetation? » Can you see the inlet and outlet structures? Are they
overgrown? » Invasive weeds?
If there’s erosion, what’s the cause?
Basins…
If basin repairs are needed:
Retrofit
improve performance
Benefits:
1- Slow flow thru basin
2 - Retain more runoff
3 - Helps reduce flooding
3- Plants filter pollutants
BeforeBasin Retrofit, Upper Dublin Township
After
Naturalized Extended Detention Basin
Naturalized Basin,
Upper Dublin Township
Benefits:
1- Plants trap & filter pollutants
2- Microorganisms & amphibians mean healthy ecosystem
Naturalized Basin
Conventional Dry Basin
Basin Retrofit, Malvern Borough
Before
After1- Retain more runoff
2- Increase evaporation
» Pipes & conveyances in good condition?
» Signs of pollution (stains, corrosion, odors)?
» What’s condition of receiving stream & bank (i.e. undercut, scour, erosion or sedimentation)?
Stormwater Outfalls
More Best Management Practices for controlling stormwater runoff and protecting our
watersheds
Rain Gardens1. Roof and runoff is directed
into garden
2. Deep Roots stabilize soils, promote infiltration, absorb water
3. Native Plants tolerate wet and dry soil
4. Earth berms retain water in the garden during rains
Benefits:&DeepRroots&more&effecHvely&break&through&hard&ground&and&improve&soil&porosity&More&rain&and&stormwater&can&soak&into&the&ground&More&pollutants&get&trapped&and&filtered&More&nutrients&absorbed&Prevent&soil&and&stream&bank&erosion
Some Roots Run Deep…some don’t
=&turf&
Rain Garden, Solebury Township
Rain Garden
Adhere&to&“No&Mow”&signs&
Know&cumng®ime&&» 1R2&a&year&&» Proper&equipment&
Hard&Mowed&Edge&or&fence&can&improve&awareness&prevent&damage
Meadows: a Stormwater BMP
Aiden&Lair&Park,&Upper&Dublin&Township
Riparian Buffer, Malvern Borough
Riparian Buffers: a Stormwater BMP
Meadow and Riparian Buffer
Riparian Buffer and Meadow
Limit&salt&dispersion&onto&soil&and&landscape&to&protect&plant&health&and&prevent&soil&compacHon&&
Temporarily&reRroute&eroded&open&space&trails&and&paths&
Restore&eroded&soils&&» Add&compost&&&amendments&» Improve&stormwater&management
Soil Protection and Conservation: A Stormwater BMP
Mulch&suppresses&weed&growth&in&beds,&but&avoid&mounding&at&base&of&the&trunk
Healthy Trees: a BMP
Avoid the “mulch volcano"
Porous Pavement: a BMP
Know&which&surfaces&are&porous&pavement&(i.e.,&infiltrate&stormwater)&Regular&inspecHon&&&cleaning&required&RouHne&vacuum&cleaning&required&Don’t&apply&cinders&or&sand&Don’t&store&or&stage&materials&on&or&upslope&&– Prevent&clogging&R&protect&
porosity&&&– Avoid&hazmat&handling&on&porous&
Penn Alexander School, Philadelphia Playground
This is conventional asphalt (see puddles)
This is porous asphalt
The eyes of the community…
» Note and report problems observed
» Consider and identify improvements
» Share solutions to reoccurring problems
» Participate in inspections to learn
» Review design drawings and maintenance documents
End- Thank You -