fadtp 3-1

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FADTP 3-1

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FADTP 3-1. We are learning to : describe how objects in the solar system are in regular and predictable motions that explain days, years, and seasons. We are looking for : description of: Days- Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours Years-Earth revolves around the sun 365.25 days - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: FADTP 3-1

FADTP 3-1

Page 2: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: describe how objects in the solar system are in regular and predictable motions that explain days, years, and seasons.

 We are looking for: description of: • Days- Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours• Years-Earth revolves around the sun 365.25

days• Seasons-Earth revolves around the sun as the

Earth is tilted on its axis

Page 3: FADTP 3-1

Seasons

• Seasons are caused by the tilt of the earth’s axis as the earth revolves around the sun.

• Vernal equinox is the beginning of Spring.

• Summer solstice is the beginning of Summer.

• Autumnal equinox is the beginning of Autumn.

• Winter Solstice is the beginning of Winter.

3

Page 4: FADTP 3-1

Motion of the Earth

• Rotation is the spinning of the earth on its axis.– This movement

determines the length of a day, 24 hours.

• Revolution is the movement of one object around another object.– This movement

determines the length of a year, 365.25 days.

– Every four years is a leap year.

4

Page 5: FADTP 3-1

Why do we have night and day?

Earth’s

rotat

i...

Earth’s

revo

lu...

Tilt of th

e Ea..

.

I nee

d Help!

0 000

A. Earth’s rotationB. Earth’s revolutionC. Tilt of the Earth on

its axisD. I need Help!

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10

Page 6: FADTP 3-1

What causes Earth to experience different seasons?

It ro

tates

on ...

It rev

olves

on...

It is

tilted

w...

It is

tilted

w...

I nee

d help!

0 0 0000of26

A. It rotates on its axis while it revolves around the sun

B. It revolves on its axis while it rotates around the sun

C. It is tilted while it rotates around the sun.

D. It is tilted while it revolves around the sun.

E. I need help! 10

Page 7: FADTP 3-1

If the Earth’s Revolution was slower, we would experience

Longer d

ays

Shorter d

ays

Longer y

ears

Shorter y

ears

I nee

d help!

0 0 000

A. Longer daysB. Shorter daysC. Longer yearsD. Shorter yearsE. I need help!

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10

Page 8: FADTP 3-1

Of the following, which does not affect seasons?

Earth i

s tilte

d 23.5

d...

The Eart

h revo

lves a

...

The Eart

h’s dist

ance

...

I nee

d help!

0 000

A. Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees

B. The Earth revolves around the sun

C. The Earth’s distance from the sun

D. I need help!0of26

10

Page 9: FADTP 3-1

3. REVIEW

1. PRACTICE

4. FRONTLOADPre/Post Check Key Terms

2. EXTENSION

Pretend you live in Northern Alaska. Write a paragraph about what the hours of day and night would be like the summer and winter.

Make a drawing that illustrates the difference between a year and a day.

____ Eclipse ________ Lunar Eclipse ________ Solar Eclipse ____

____ Tides ________ Spring Tide ________ Neap Tide ____

____ Moon Phases ________ Crater ____

What laws of motion apply to our new astronomy unit? Explain.

Page 10: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: describe how objects in the solar system are in regular and predictable motions that explain phases (moon cycles), eclipses, tides  We are looking for: a description of -Phases-moon revolves around the Earth approximately once a month

-Eclipse-are random predictable; one object moves in front of another object in relation to the position of the sun

-Tides-high tide occurs approximately twice a day due to the gravitational pull of the moon

Page 11: FADTP 3-1

Phases of the Moon

• The moon is illuminated by the sun.

• The moon reflects sunlight to the earth.

• The different phases of the moon is affected by the moon revolving around the earth as the earth revolves around the sun.

• The complete cycle of phases takes 29.5 days, this is known as a synodic month.

• Each phase takes about 3.5 days.

11

Page 12: FADTP 3-1

12

Solar Eclipses

• Occurs during a new moon when the moon is between the sun and earth.

• The shadow is the umbra, the partial shadow is the penumbra.

• Doesn’t happen every month because the moon’s orbit around the earth is tilted and this prevents the sun, earth and moon from being in a straight line.

• Do not look at a solar eclipse without protective eye gear.

Page 13: FADTP 3-1

13

Lunar Eclipse

• Occurs during a full moon phase when the earth is between the sun and the moon.

• More common than the solar eclipse.

• Can be view without protective eye gear.

Page 14: FADTP 3-1

14

Tides

• Tides are caused by the gravitational attraction between the moon and earth.

• High tides are 12.5 hours apart.

• Spring tide is the highest high tide and occur at full and new moon phases.

• Neap tide is the lowest high tide and occur at first and last quarter moon phases.

Page 15: FADTP 3-1

Which phase occurs when the moon is in between the Earth and

the sun?

Full moo

n

New m

oon

1st Q

uarter

moon

3rd q

uarte

r moo

n

0 000

A. Full moonB. New moon C. 1st Quarter moonD. 3rd quarter moon

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Page 16: FADTP 3-1

What causes us to see different phases of the moon?

Light re

flects

...

The moo

n revo

l...

We s

ee diffe

re...

All of th

e abo...

0 000

A. Light reflects off of the surface of the moon.

B. The moon revolves around the Earth.

C. We see different perspectives of the moon.

D. All of the above.

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10

Page 17: FADTP 3-1

What is the main cause of tides?

The gravita

tional pull o

f...

The gravita

tional pull o

f...

The gravita

tional pull o

f...

I need help!

0 000

A. The gravitational pull of the moon

B. The gravitational pull of the sun

C. The gravitational pull of the Earth

D. I need help!

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10

Page 18: FADTP 3-1

If the sun, moon, and Earth are perfectly aligned (as pictured), what event will occur on Earth?

Nea

p Tide

Solar E

clipse

Lunar Ecli

pse

Seaso

nal C

hange

0 000

A. Neap TideB. Solar EclipseC. Lunar EclipseD. Seasonal Change

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Page 19: FADTP 3-1

When studying a solar eclipse, which would be a proper method of viewing the sun?

Wea

r sung

lasse

...

Use a

teles

cop..

.

Use a

magnify

i...

Use fil

ters t

h...

I nee

d help!

0 0 000

A. Wear sunglassesB. Use a telescopeC. Use a magnifying

glassD. Use filters that are

specifically designed to view eclipses

E. I need help!

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10

Page 20: FADTP 3-1

FOUR BLOCK INTERVENTION INSTRUCTIONS

1. If you have not missed any questions, start with block #2 and then complete blocks #3 and #4.

2. If you have missed 2 or more, meet with the teacher.

3. Everyone else starts in block #1 and then complete blocks #2, #3, and #4.

Page 21: FADTP 3-1

3. REVIEW

1. PRACTICE

4. FRONTLOAD

2.EXTENSION

What would happen to the earth’s tides if the moon was not present?

Using your knowledge of moon, write a paragraph (6-10 sentences)explaining why or why not?

Draw a diagram illustrating all of the phases of the moon.Label all of the phases.

What do you know about gravity and inertia?

Explain how the moon affects the earth.

Page 22: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: explain that gravitational force determines motions in the solar system and keeps the planets in orbit around the sun. We are looking for: explanation that

*All objects in the solar system have gravity.

*Sun has the greatest mass, thus has the greatest gravitational pull within our solar system.

*Since planets have inertia, they do not get pulled into the sun.

*Gravity keeps the planets in orbit.

Page 24: FADTP 3-1

What is an object’s resistance to a change in motion?

Gravity

Inerti

a M

ass

Fricti

on

I need help!

0 0 000

A. GravityB. InertiaC. MassD. FrictionE. I need help!

Page 25: FADTP 3-1

Predict what would happen if Earth stopped its forward motion around the sun?

It will

fly off i

nto spac

e.

It will

hit the n

eares

t p...

It will

get pulle

d into t..

It will

contin

ue to

rev..

.

0 000

A. It will fly off into space.B. It will hit the nearest

planet.C. It will get pulled into the

sun.D. It will continue to

revolve.

Page 26: FADTP 3-1

What keeps planets revolving around the sun?

The sun’s

grav...

The plan

et’s m

...

The plan

et’s m

...

The Sun’s

iner

...

I nee

d help!

0 0 000

A. The sun’s gravitational pull.

B. The planet’s mass.C. The planet’s magnetic

field.D. The Sun’s inertia.E. I need help!

Page 27: FADTP 3-1

Please copy circle and do this.

Orbit

Gravity

• Fill in two words that closely relate to the two words given.

• Write a paragraph explaining the significance of each word and how they fit together to form a concept?

Page 28: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: *Compare the composition and orbits of comets and asteroids with that of Earth.

We are looking for: Composition of comets, asteroids, and Earth1. Earth is composed of rock with many layers and has a core of dense metal2.Comets are composed of ice and dust (dirty snowball)3. Asteroids are composed of chunks of solid rock with heavy metalOrbits of comets, asteroids, and Earth’s1.Earth’s orbit is elliptical 2. Comet’s orbit is elongated and elliptical 3. Asteroids are elliptical and orbit in the asteroid belt or the Kuiper belt.

Page 29: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: Describe the effect that asteroids or meteroids have when traveling through space and entering planetary atmospheres.

 We are looking for: 1. Asteroids are large rocky objects that orbit the sun. If

they hit the Earth the impact could be catastrophic. 2. Meteorites are small rocky objects hit the Earth all the

time and do not cause much damage. 3. A rock changes its classification based on its location:

Meteoroid – rock located in outer spaceMeteor – rock burning up in the Earth’s atmosphere (Shooting Star/Meteor

Shower)Meteorite – rock that hits the ground

Page 30: FADTP 3-1

Members of the Solar system

• Sun (closest star to earth)

• Planets• Moons• Asteroids• Meteoroids• Comets

30

Page 31: FADTP 3-1

Inner Planets: Mercury

• 0.4 AU from the sun.• Rotational period 59 Earth

days.• Revolution period of 88 Earth

days.• No moon.• Average temperature range

is 670 K to 103 K.• Almost no atmosphere and

no water.

31

Page 32: FADTP 3-1

Inner Planets: Venus

• 0.7 AU from the sun.• Retrograde rotational period

243 Earth days.• Revolution period of 225

Earth days.• The day on Venus is longer

than a year.• No moon.• Average temperature range

is 700 K.• Atmospheric pressure 90

times that of Earth.• Atmosphere of sulfuric acid.• Large amount of CO2 causing

the Greenhouse Effect.

32

Page 33: FADTP 3-1

Inner Planets: Earth

• 1.0 AU from the sun.• Rotational period 24

hours.• Revolution period of

365.25 days.• One moon.• Atmosphere 78%

nitrogen, 21% oxygen & 1 % carbon dioxide.

• 71 % of Earth’s surface is covered by water.

33

Page 34: FADTP 3-1

Inner Planets: Mars

• 1.5 AU from the sun.• Rotational period 23.9 Earth

hours.• Revolution period of 687

Earth days.• Two moons: Phobos &

Deimos.• Average temperature range

is 144 K to 300 K.• Thin atmosphere of carbon

dioxide and some water.• Largest volcano is Olympus

Mons.• Polar caps of dry ice.

34

Page 35: FADTP 3-1

Asteroid Belt

• Found between the orbits of Mars & Jupiter.

• Trojan refers to asteroids or moons that share the same orbit as a larger planet or moon, but does not collide because it orbits.

35

Page 36: FADTP 3-1

Outer Planets: Jupiter

• 5.0 AU from the sun.• Rotational period 9.9 hours.• Revolution period of 11.9

earth years.• 63 moons including Io,

Europa, Ganymede & Callisto.

• Has rings.• The Great Red Spot is a

major storm on the surface of the planet.

• Average temperature of 163 K.

36

Page 37: FADTP 3-1

Outer Planets: Saturn

• 9.6 AU from the sun.• Rotational period 10.7 Earth

hours.• Revolution period of 29 Earth

years.• Has 47 moons including

Titan.• Has a ring system.• Density is less than water.• Average temperature of

133 K.

37

Page 38: FADTP 3-1

Outer Planets: Uranus

• 19 AU from the sun.• Retrograde rotational period

17.2 Earth hours.• Revolution period of 83.7

Earth years.• 27 moons.• Has rings.• Discovered by William

Herschel in 1781.• Average temperature is 78 K.

38

Page 39: FADTP 3-1

Outer Planets: Neptune

• 30 AU from the sun.• Rotational period 17 Earth

hours.• Revolution period of 164

Earth years.• 13 moons.• Has rings.• Discovered by John Galle in

1846.• Average temperature is 73 K.

39

Page 40: FADTP 3-1

Planet diameters

• Mercury - 4879 km• Venus – 12,104 km• Earth – 12,756 km• Mars – 6794 km• Jupiter – 142,982 km• Saturn – 120,536 km• Uranus – 51,118 km• Neptune – 49,528 km

40

Page 41: FADTP 3-1

An icy object that has an elongated orbit around the sun is referred to as

a(n)….

A. AsteroidB. CometC. MeteorD. MeteoriteE. I don’t know!

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10

Page 42: FADTP 3-1

The flash of light produced when a meteoroid passes through the Earth’s

atmosphere is a(n)

A. AsteroidB. CometC. MeteorD. MeteoriteE. I don’t know!

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10

Page 43: FADTP 3-1

Why does a meteoroid create a streak of light when entering the Earth’s atmosphere?

A. Light from the sun is reflected of the surface of each

B. Energy is released from the objects

C. Lightning is produced from these objects

D. Light is a result of friction from the gasses in the atmosphere

E. I don’t know!

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10

Page 44: FADTP 3-1

Which of the following applies to meteoroids and asteroids.

A. They are similar in size.B. They are rocky and/or

metallic.C. They are composed of

frozen gases, ice, and dust.

D. They orbit the sun in highly elliptical patterns.

E. I don’t know!

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10

Page 45: FADTP 3-1

Which of the following objects would cause the most damage if it hit the Earth?

A. AsteroidB. MeteoroidC. MeteoriteD. MeteorE. I don’t know!

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10

Page 46: FADTP 3-1

Oort Cloud

• The Oort Cloud is the area surrounding the solar system where the comets are found.

• Comets are dirty snow balls.• Comets have a head

(nucleus & coma) and a tail.• Halley’s comet appears every

76 years.

47

Page 47: FADTP 3-1

Meteors

• Meteoroids are pieces of rock from object such as asteroids that fly through space.

• Meteors are meteoroids that are burning up in the earth’s atmosphere (shooting stars).

• Meteorites are meteoroids that have landed on the earth’s surface.

48

Page 48: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: identify and describe telescopes, probes, satellites, and space crafts We are looking for:telescope- refracting, reflecting, and radio are used to view distant objects

probe-machines sent to other locations in the solar system and are used to investigate/explore

satellite-orbits around the earth or other planets and are used to take photos and collect data

space craft-mode of transportation to send humans to locations in the solar system;

Page 49: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: examine advances of different people, culture, and times in astronomy.

 We are looking for: examples of how telescopes have changed and

been improved over time and their impact on science and technology .

Page 50: FADTP 3-1

51

Tools to Study the Universe

• Reflecting telescopes use mirrors to magnify the image.

• Refracting telescopes use lenses to magnify the image.

• Radio telescopes collect radio waves to study the stars.

• Spectroscopes analyze the light given off by stars to indicate composition, movement and temperature of stars.

Page 54: FADTP 3-1

Which type of telescope focuses light using a mirror?

Reflec

ting Tel.

..

Refrac

ting T

el...

Radio Tele

scop..

.

Infra

red Tele

s...

I nee

d help!

0 0 000

A. Reflecting TelescopeB. Refracting TelescopeC. Radio TelescopeD. Infrared TelescopeE. I need help!

Page 55: FADTP 3-1

Which type of telescope focuses light through transparent lenses?

Reflec

ting Tel.

..

Refrac

ting T

el...

Radio Tele

scop..

.

Infra

red Tele

s...

I nee

d Help

!

0 0 000

A. Reflecting TelescopeB. Refracting TelescopeC. Radio TelescopeD. Infrared TelescopeE. I need Help!

Page 56: FADTP 3-1

One of the greatest advancements in astronomy was the telescope. Which is

the correct order of advancements?

0 0 000

A. Radio- refracting-reflectingB. Reflecting – refracting –

radioC. Refracting-reflecting-radioD. Radio- reflecting-refractingE. I need help!

Page 57: FADTP 3-1

Which of the following is an advantage of a space-based, satellite telescope like

Hubble?

0 0 000

A. Satellite telescopes are much closer to the stars.

B. Satellite telescopes are able to see through solid objects.

C. Satellite telescopes can detect wavelengths that are blocked by the atmosphere.

D. Satellite telescopes have the ability to see the future.

E. I need help!

Page 58: FADTP 3-1

Focus Free Write (3 minutes)

Explain how the advancements in telescopes have helped astronomers learn more about the universe.

When finished, trade your paper with a partner. Revise if there are misconceptions or any incorrect information.

Page 59: FADTP 3-1

09000 3 87654321520 04 98765432103 9876543210987654321021 987654321098765432100Hours Minutes Seconds

Explain how the advancements in telescopes have helped astronomers learn more about the universe.

Page 60: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: explain interstellar distances are measured in light years We are looking for: the explanation of and the use of the light year

*explain a light year as the distance light travels in a year

*explain that distances are too great to be measured in miles or kilometers

Page 61: FADTP 3-1

Distances to Stars

• A light year is the distance light travels in year.

• Astronomers often use parallax to measure distances to nearby stars.

• Parallax is the apparent change in position of an object when you look at it from different places.

62

Page 62: FADTP 3-1

A light year is a measurement of…

Distan

ce Tim

e

Speed

Accele

ration

I don’t k

now! ..

.

0% 0% 0%0%0%

a) Distanceb) Timec) Speedd) Acceleratione) I don’t know! I

need help!

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10

Page 63: FADTP 3-1

Why do astronomers measure interstellar distances in light years instead of

kilometers or miles?

Light y

ears

ar...

Mile

s and

kilo...

Mile

s and

kilo...

I don’t k

now! ..

.

0 000

A. Light years are a measure of time.

B. Miles and kilometers are too small of a unit.

C. Miles and kilometers are too large of a unit.

D. I don’t know! I need help!

0of26

10

Page 64: FADTP 3-1

You are viewing a star that is 20 light years away. When was the light from this star

produced?

Before you w

er...

After you w

ere...

10 years

ago

2 years ag

o

I don’t k

now! ...

0% 0% 0%0%0%

a) Before you were born

b) After you were born

c) 10 years agod) 2 years agoe) I don’t know! I

need help!

0of26

10

Page 65: FADTP 3-1

What if….there was a planet in another solar system within our galaxy that could support life. The beings on this planet have a telescope that can observe beings on Earth. If the planet is 10 light years away, who would they see as president? Use the timeline below and provide an explanation to support your answer.

After answering this question, meet with a partner to compare your responses. Collaborate to make a new paired response to the question.

1993-2001Bill Clinton

1989-1993George H.W. Bush

1981-1989Ronald Reagan

2009-2013Barack Obama

2013-2021Eugenia Green

2001-2009George W. Bush

2021-2025Cory A. Booker

Page 66: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: examine the life cycle of a star (characteristics; HR diagram)

We are looking for: a description of how stars are classified by

characteristics and then organized on an HR diagram.CharacteristicsSize- Giant, main sequence, and dwarfTemperature- blue=hot; red=coolerBrightness- apparent brightness and absolute magnitudeHR diagram shows temperature, brightness, color of stars and where the star is in its life cycle.

Used to graph the surface temperature (x-axis) vs. brightness (y-axis)

Hotter stars are on left side of graph; cooler stars on the right side of the graph

Brighter stars on top of graph; dimmer stars on bottom of graph

Page 67: FADTP 3-1

Classifying Stars

• Stars are classified by size, temperature, and brightness.

• Temperature of a star is indicated by color, hot stars are blue & cooler stars are red.

• Apparent brightness is the brightness of a star as observed from earth.

• Absolute magnitude is the brightness of a star observed at the distance of 10 parsecs.

68

Page 68: FADTP 3-1

Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram

• H-R diagram is a graph of the Milky Way galaxy.

• Surface temperature is graphed on the x-axis.

• Absolute magnitude is graphed on the y-axis.

69

Page 69: FADTP 3-1

Types of Stars

• Blue super giants have a high brightness and high temperature.

• Red giants & super giants have a high brightness and low temperature.

• White dwarfs have a low brightness and high temperature.

• 90% of all stars appear on the Main Sequence going from the upper left to the lower right corner.

70

Page 70: FADTP 3-1

Which characteristic of stars cause them to be different colors?

chemica

l compositi

on

distance siz

e

temperat

ure

I need help.

0% 0% 0%0%0%

a) chemical composition

b) distancec) sized) temperaturee) I need help.

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10

Page 71: FADTP 3-1

Which color would describe the youngest and hottest star?

blue re

d

orange

yello

w

I need help!

0% 0% 0%0%0%

a) blueb) redc) oranged) yellowe) I need help!

0of26

10

Page 72: FADTP 3-1

Which star would be the brightest if all the stars are the same distance

from Earth?

Main

sequen

ce

Neutro

n Star

Red su

per g

ian...

Whit

e dwarf

I nee

d help.

0% 0% 0%0%0%

a) Main sequenceb) Neutron Starc) Red super giantsd) White dwarfe) I need help.

0of26

10

Page 73: FADTP 3-1

How would you classify our star, the sun, on the H-R diagram?

Main

sequen

ce

Red gian

t

Whit

e dwarf

Red su

pergi

ant

I nee

d help.

0% 0% 0%0%0%

a) Main sequenceb) Red giantc) White dwarfd) Red supergiante) I need help.

0of26

10

Page 74: FADTP 3-1

Red Giant Main Sequence

Page 76: FADTP 3-1

We are learning to: Examine the life cycle of a star and predict the next likely stage .

 We are looking for: progression of the stages of a star’s life

Nebulae- cloud of gas and dust Protostar- fusion beginsMain sequence- average starGiant/red-giant- more massive starsNova/supernova - exploding starWhite dwarf- no nuclear processBlack dwarf- no heat or lightBlack Hole (area of large gravitational attraction) or Neutron

star (very dense star) 

Page 77: FADTP 3-1

78

Birth of a Star

• Stars are born from a cloud of gas or dust called a nebula.

• The cloud condenses to form a protostar.

• The protostar becomes a star when the core of the star reaches 15,000,000 K and nuclear fusion begins.

Page 78: FADTP 3-1

79

Star Life

• The more massive stars live for millions of years.

• The less massive stars live for billions of years.

• Through out the life of stars, elements are fused into larger elements (hydrogen to helium to carbon to oxygen to iron).

Page 79: FADTP 3-1

80

Life Cycle of Stars

• Stars that are less massive go from a main sequence star to a red giant and finishes as a dwarf star.

• Stars that are more massive go from a giant star to a supernova.

Page 80: FADTP 3-1

81

End of a Star’s Life• Star that are less than 1.4

solar masses will use up all of its hydrogen and helium and become a white dwarf.

• Stars that are between 1.4-3.0 solar masses will produce a Type I supernova, leaving a neutron star.

• Stars that are greater than 3.0 solar masses produce a Type II supernova, collapsing and producing a black hole.

Page 81: FADTP 3-1

If given a protostar, what is the next likely stage of the star?

Super Gian

t

Nova

Main

Seque

nce

Neutro

n Star

I nee

d some h

e...

0% 0% 0%0%0%

a) Super Giantb) Novac) Main Sequenced) Neutron Stare) I need some help

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10

Page 82: FADTP 3-1

What is the first stage of the birth of a star?

Protosta

r

Nebula

Gian

t

Dwarf

I nee

d some h

e...

0% 0% 0%0%0%

a) Protostarb) Nebulac) Giantd) Dwarfe) I need some help.

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10

Page 83: FADTP 3-1

What happens to the most massive stars as they near their death?

super

nova to

...

super

nova to

...

becomes

a whit..

.

nothing happen

...

I nee

d some h

e...

0% 0% 0%0%0%

a) super nova to a black hole

b) super nova to a red giant

c) becomes a white dwarf

d) nothing happense) I need some help.

0of26

10

Page 84: FADTP 3-1

Focused Free Write (Pass the Pen)

• Describe the life cycle of our sun from life to death.

Page 85: FADTP 3-1

09000 2 87654321510 04 98765432103 9876543210987654321021 987654321098765432100Hours Minutes Seconds

Insert Text Here

Page 86: FADTP 3-1

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Insert Text Here

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Ptime is up

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We are learning to: explain that universe has billions of galaxies and are classified by shape

We are looking for: shapes of galaxies• Spiral- mix of old and new stars• Elliptical- more developed galaxies with

older stars• Irregular-newer galaxies with newer stars

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Galaxies

• A galaxy is a collection of millions or billions of stars.

• Galaxies are grouped in clusters.

• The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy (our galaxy).

• Types of Galaxies (by shape):– Spiral galaxies (blue

stars).– Elliptical galaxies (red

stars).– Irregular galaxies.

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Quasars

• Quasars are the most distant and most radiant objects in the universe (center of distant galaxies).

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Origin of the Universe

• The universe is everything in space.

• The Big Bang Theory states that the universe began with a gigantic explosion 10 to 20 billion years ago.

• Proof of the theory is the red shift of stars showing the universe is expanding.

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Future of the Universe

• The universe will continue to expand (Hubble).

• The expansion of the universe will gradually slow down, and the universe will approach a limit in size.

• The universe will stop expanding and start to fall back in on itself.

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By what are galaxies classified?

Color

Tempera

ture Size

Shape

0%

92%

8%0%

a) Colorb) Temperaturec) Sized) Shape

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What type of galaxy is illustrated in the following picture?

Irreg

ular

Spiral

Elliptic

al

I hav

e no id

ea.. I

need..

.

0% 0%0%

100%

a) Irregularb) Spiralc) Ellipticald) I have no idea.. I

need help!

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What type of galaxies contain older stars?

Elliptic

al

Irreg

ular

Barred

shap

e sp

iral

88%

8%0%4%

a) Ellipticalb) Irregularc) Barred shaped) spiral

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Type of Galaxy Elliptical

Shape of Galaxy

Spiral Irregular

(Draw Diagram)

Types of stars