faith in first aid
DESCRIPTION
Everything you need to know about first aid in this booklet!TRANSCRIPT
What can you do to tell if a person is breathing? - Cut a gap in their neck. - Chuck water over them.
- Poke them.
What would you do if your friend burnt their hand? - Cut it off. - Put sand on it. - Stick them in the freezer for one min-
ute.
These were genuine answers from a group
of teens…
Nearly two-thirds of people (59%) wouldn’t feel confident enough to try to save a life A quarter (24%) would do nothing and wait for an ambulance to ar-rive or hope that a passer-by knows first aid.
Beth Chesney-Evans, believes her son might be alive today if he had been given basic first aid. Guy Evans died in August 2008, when he was 17, after his motorcycle crashed near his home in Didcot, Oxford-
shire.
‘Guy didn’t die because of a terrible head injury or massive internal bleeding. He had no injuries at all but died because his heart appar-ently stopped and he couldn’t breathe – and those are conditions that first aid is designed to deal with
before the ambulance arrives.’
Common Causes of needless death from
lack of First Aid Choking
Heart not beating Bleeding
Heart attack Blocked Airway
Assess the situation. Are there
any dangers?
Think safety first, eliminate any
possible dangers to yourself,
before moving on to stage 2
Assess the casualty. Is the
casualty conscious? Does the
casualty respond?
no
Treat the casualty and dial 999
or 112 for an
ambulance if necessary
yes
yes
no
Shout for help. Open the air-
way. Is the casualty breathing
normally?
Check for severe bleeding be-
fore placing in the yes
no
Dial 999 or 112 for an ambulance or send a helper to do it . If you are alone
and your casualty has drowned or is an infant or child resuscitate them for 1
minute before leaving to call for an Ambulance.
Perform CPR
In recent news, 9-year-
old Tristan saved his
sister's life after she fell
into a pool and was
pulled out not breath-
ing. He snapped into
action and revived her
using CPR he learned
from a movie on televi-
sion.
Three Letters that can restart someone’s heart
hest compressions using both hands.
irways need to be checked
reathing
Roughly 30 to a depth of 5-6cm at a rate if 100-120
compressions per minute
Give two rescue breaths then go back to the chest
compressions
After following DR ABC if you find your
casualty has no pulse you should start CPR
(Cardiopulmonary resuscitation). It’s as
simple as calling a CAB.
The recovery position is used
to maintain an unconscious
casualty, who is breathing, in
a safe position that allows
them to breath more easily.
152,000 people are affected by strokes everyday. For your brain to function, it
needs a constant blood supply, which provides vital nutrients and oxygen to the
brain cells. A stroke happens when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off
and brain cells are damaged or die.
Minor Wounds
1. Clean the wound using an antibacterial
wipe
2. Cover the wound with a sterile gauze
3. Elevate and support the injury above
heart level
4. Advise the casualty to visit their doctor
if there is a high risk of infection
Severe Wounds
1. Apply direct pressure to the wound and
elevate the wound above heart level
2. Prevent shock by lying the casualty down
with their legs raised
3. Apply an appropriate dressing to firmly
control the bleeding and minimise the
risk of infection
4. If blood comes through the dressing
apply another one on top
5. Call 999
Encourage the person to support the
injury with their hand, or use a cush-
ion or items of clothing to prevent
unnecessary
movement.
It is very easy to fall and
break a bone despite the
strength of the human
skeleton.
Here is a few tips to
make sure that the
break doesn’t get worse
and heals quicker!
Choking is where instead of swallowing food down the
food pipe, or oesophagus, it is diverted down the wind-
pipe, or trachea. It is serious business with 218 fatalities a
year just from the simple everyday activity of eating!
Encourage them to cough. If this doesn’t clear the ob-struction, support their up-
per body with one hand and help them lean forward
Give up to five sharp back blows between their shoulder
blades with the heel of your hand
If the obstruction has not cleared, stand behind them and put both
arms around the upper part of the abdomen
Clench your fist and place it between the navel and the bottom of
their breastbone Grasp your fist firmly with your other hand
Pull sharply inwards and upwards up to five times
If this doesn’t clear the obstruction repeat backslaps and abdomi-
nal thrusts up to three times
If it still hasn’t cleared, call 999/112 for emergency
help.
Ask the casualty to sit down Advise them to tilt their head forwards to allow the blood to drain from the nostrils Ask the casualty to breathe through their mouth (this will also have a calming effect) and to pinch the soft part of the nose Tell the casualty to keep pinching their nose Advise them not to speak, swallow, cough, spit or sniff because this may disturb blood clots that may have formed in the nose After 10 minutes, tell the casualty to release the pressure. If the bleeding has not stopped, tell them to reapply the pressure for two further periods of 10 minutes
Immediately get the person away from the heat
source to stop the burning.
Cool the burn with cool or lukewarm water for 10-30 minutes. Do not use ice, iced water or any
creams or greasy substances, such as butter.
Remove any clothing or jewellery that is near the burnt area of skin, but do not move anything that is
stuck to the skin.
Make sure the person keeps warm – for example by using a blanket – but take care not to rub it
against the burnt area.
Cover the burn by placing a layer of cling film over
it.
About 25% of us have an allergy. For most of us, this is simply annoy-ing. But some times allergies can be incredibly extreme and lead to fatal-ity. Allergies are more common in children and young adults thus it is im-
portant you know how to identify an allergic reaction.
Allergies affect different people different ways. But common reactions include:
Itchy, watery eyes
Runny, sneezy nose
Coughing
Wheeze (a high pitched sound when we breathe out)
Rashes (most commonly blotches or little red bumps)
If you
identify any of these symp-
toms depending on the sever-
ity either call 111 for advice
from the NHS or call for
an ambulance.
Can You find the 17 First Aid related words in the
wordsearch?
Collectively, heart and circulatory diseases cause more than a quarter of all deaths in the UK, accounting for more than 159,000 deaths each year. The cost of premature death, lost productivity, hospital treatment and prescrip-
tions is estimated at £19 billion.
This condition has similar
recognition features to a
heart attack . However an
angina attack starts as a
result of exercise or exertion
and usually goes away with
rest.
Sit them in the 'W' position
Call 999 and tell ambulance you suspect a heart attack
If available and not allergic, give them a 300mg aspirin tab-let to chew slowly
If they have any medication for angina, such as tablets or a spray, assist them to take it
Constantly monitor and record breathing and pulse rate,
until help arrives
A heart attack is most
commonly caused by
a sudden blockage of the
blood supply to the heart
muscle itself, for example
a blood clot. The main risk
is that the heart will stop
beating.
Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain in which clusters of nerve cells (or neurones)
send off abnormal electrical signals.
This can cause involuntary contraction of the muscles
(a fit)
Make space around them; a Remove potentially dangerous items Note the time when the seizure started If possible, protect the casualty's head
by placing soft padding under-neath it
You know it is the person’s first seizure, or
The seizure continues for more than five minutes
E E R Y M G N E C
Can you rearrange all 9 letters to make a word?