fall hazard awareness course for the construction industry
TRANSCRIPT
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Fall Hazard Awareness Course for the Construction Industry
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Objectives
• Identify factors that contribute to common fall hazards
• Explain how to analyze work areas for fall hazards
• Discuss hierarchy of controls for fall hazards
• Describe OSHA regulations and resources that address fall protection
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Anatomy of a Fall
• It takes most people about 1/3 of a second to become aware.
• It takes another 1/3 of a second for the body to react.
• A body can fall up to 7 feet in 2/3 of a second.
.33 second/2 feet
.67 second/7 feet
1 second/16 feet
2 second/64 feet
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Falls
• Falls consistently account for the greatest number of fatalities in the construction industry each year
• In 2004, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that 1,224 workplace fatalities resulted from falls
• In addition, the hardship and cost of care for injuries related to falls is an emotional and financial burden for workers and the entire construction industry
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Fatal Falls Most Often From
Structural Steel 4%
Floors, Loading Docks, Ground
Level 1%
Non-moving Vehicles 5%
Roofs 36%
Other 20%
Scaffolds 17%
Ladders 17%Source – BLS CFOI Data, 2004.
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Identifying Fall Hazards
• Examples of factors contributing to fall hazards:– Scaffolds– Ladders– Roofs– Other elevated work surfaces
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Scaffolds
Photo Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Scaffolds -Subpart L 1926.450-454
822
1008
1217
1135
1402451(g)(1)
453(b)(2)(v)
451(e)(1)
451(b)(1)
454(a)
Sta
nd
ard
- 1
92
6.
Scaffolds above 10 ft. - Fall protection
Aerial lifts - Body belt and lanyard
Scaffold access
Scaffold platform construction
Training for employees using scaffolds
Number of Serious Violations – FY 2005
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Ladders
Photo Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Ladders - Subpart X 1926.1050-1060
179
272
264
358
11071053(b)(1)
1052(c)(1)
1060(a)
1053(b)(4)
1051(a)
Sta
nd
ard
- 1
926
.
Portable ladders 3 feet above landing surface
Stair rails and handrails
Training program
Appropriate use of ladders
Stairway/ladder when 19” or more break in elevation
Number of Serious Violations – FY 2005
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Roofing
Photo Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Fall Protection-Subpart M Roofing 1926.500-503
332
631
1186
1829
1984501(b)(1)
501(b)(13)
503(a)(1)
501(b)(10)
501(b)(11)
Sta
nd
ard
- 19
26.
Fall protection - Unprotected sides & edges
Fall protection - Residential construction 6’ or more
Fall hazards training program
Fall protection - Roofing work on low-slope roofs
Fall protection – Steep roofs
Number of Serious Violations – FY 2005
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Falls From A Floor(One Level to the Next)
• Falls from one level to the next is a leading cause of fatalities in construction.
• Floor holes are a common hazard.
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Can You Identify The Fall Hazards?
Photo Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Can You Identify The Fall Hazard? (Continued)
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Analyze Work Area
• Analyzing work area for fall hazards may include:– Reviewing blueprints before work begins– Anticipating upcoming fall hazards as work
progresses– Reviewing for current hazards on site– Pre-planning for fall protection– Walk around and look
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Could These Exposures Been Prevented?
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Could These Exposures Been Prevented? (Continued)
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Hierarchy of Fall Hazard Control
• Engineer out and structural integrity
• Administratively prohibit exposure
• Personal protective equipment– Prevention of falls – restraint systems– Personal fall arrest/positioning device
systems
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Philosophies of Fall Protection
Stop/Prevent The Fall Catch The Fall
Guardrails
Restraint/Positioning
Warning Lines
Safety Monitors
Controlled Access Zones
Controlled Decking Zones
Safety Nets
Catch Platforms
Fall Arrest
Do these stop/prevent the fall?
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The Steps of Fall Protection?
• Is this the correct order?
Graphic Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Eight Step Approach to Fall Protection
• Determine walking/working surfaces structurally sound
• Conduct fall assessment
• Eliminate need for fall protection
• Select type of fall protection system
• Develop rescue/retrieval procedures
• Develop equipment inspection, maintenance storage program
• Provide fall protection training
• Monitor fall protection program
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Step 1
• Determine if walking/working surfaces are structurally safe
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Step 2
• Conduct a fall hazard assessment
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Step 3
• Eliminate the need for fall protection, if possible
Photo Source Credit: Oregon OSHA Fall Protection Workshop Materials, 2004.
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Step 4
• Select the appropriate types of fall protection systems
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Fall Protection Systems
• Guardrail systems
• Personal fall-arrest systems
• Safety-net systems
• Positioning-device systems
• Warning-line systems
• Safety-monitoring systems
• Controlled-access zones
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Personal Fall Arrest Systems
Lanyards
Harnesses
BeamWraps
Caribiners
RopeGrabs
PositioningPhoto Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Guardrail Systems
Photo Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Safety-Net Systems
Photo Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Positioning Device Systems
Photo Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Warning-line System
Photo Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Safety Monitoring Systems
• Safety-monitoring system is a set of procedures assigned to a competent person for monitoring or warning workers who may be unaware of fall hazards. [See other additional requirements in 29 CFR 1926.501 (b)(10)]
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Controlled Access Zone Systems
• A work area designated and clearly marked in which certain types of work (such as overhand bricklaying ) may take place without the use of conventional fall protection systems – guardrail, personal arrest or safety net – to protect the employees working in the zone
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Step 5
• Develop rescue/retrieval systems
Photo Source Credit: Oregon OSHA Fall Protection Workshop Materials, 2004.
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Step 6
• Develop an equipment inspection, maintenance and storage program
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Step 7
• Provide fall protection training
Photo Source Credit: Associated General Contractors of America, Fall Protection Training in the Construction Industry, 2004.
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Step 8
• Monitor the fall protection program
• Investigate incidents to determine if program needs to be revised
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Promote Your Fall Protection Program
• Managers, supervisors and other staff need to actively support the use of fall protection systems and equipment and encourage employee involvement and support of program
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OSHA Resources
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Course Summary
• During this session, you have been introduced to:
– Factors that contribute to fall hazards– Analysis of work areas for fall hazards– The eight-step approach to fall protection– OSHA resources addressing fall protection
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Thanks for Your Participation
Questions!!!!!!!!