S

Tissue

Epithelial Tissue

S Characteristics:

- Covers body surfaces (inside and out)

- Main glandular tissue

- Basement membrane

- Rapid reproduction (healing)

- Tightly packed together

Epithelial Tissue

S Simple vs Stratified

S Squamous

S Cuboidal

S Columnar

Simple Squamous

S Function: Diffusion and Filtration

S Location: Lungs, Walls of capillaries

Simple Cuboidal

S Function: Secretion and Absorption

S Location: Kidney tubules and ducts, covering ovaries

Simple Columnar

S Function: Secretion and Absorption

S Location: Digestive tract and uterus

* Contains goblet cells (secrete mucus)

Stratified Squamous

S Function: Protection

S Location: Skin and Mouth

It takes approx 27 days for human skin to shed

and be replaced. Where does it all go?

How come tattoos don’t just wash off?

Some

cuts are

too deep

and

require

stitches.

Pseudostratified Columanr

S Single layer- uneven nuclei

S Can have goblet cells and cilia

S Location: lines air passages and tubes of

reproductive system

Transitional Epithelium

S Stretches

S Blocks Diffusion

S Found in the bladder

Review

Lab 2.1

S End of day 1 epithelial lecture

Glandular Epithelium

S Cells are specialized to produce and secrete

substances.

S These cells make up glands

S Exocrine glands- sweat, saliva

S Endocrine glands- hormones

3 Types of Exocrine Glands

S Merocrine Glands- secrete without losing cellular material

via exocytosis

S Apocrine Glands- have cytoplasm in their secretions

(pinch off a portion)

S Holocrine Glands- secretions contain disintegrated cells

(whole cells are ejected and then rupture)

-See fig 2.8 on page 43-

Endocrine Glands

S Have no ducts

S Secrete hormones into blood

via exocytosis

Connective Tissue

S Throughout body

S Connects other structures

S Usually has a good blood supply

S Provides support, protection, framework, etc

S Cells are relatively far apart (compared to epithelial cells)

S Extracellular Matrix

Connective Tissue Proper

S Loose connective tissue

- fibroblasts, connects skin to muscle, light duty binding, holds things together.

S Dense irregular connective tissue

- Collagen fibers are going all different directions (improved strength). Skin is dense irregular.

S Dense regular connective tissue

- Collagen fibers all go the same direction, tensile strength, tendons and ligaments

Connective Tissue Proper

S Adipose Tissue- Fat

- This is loose connective + fat cells

- Energy storage and insulation

- Insulates organs too!

- Too much or too little is dangerous

Cartilage

S Firmer than connective tissue proper

- The matrix is too firm for the cell to live directly inside it.

Cells live in a small, hollowed-out space called the

lacuna.

S No blood supply

S Chondrocytes- Mature cartilage cells

Hyaline Cartilage

S Firm and resilient

S Bridge of nose

S Covers ends of joints

S Connects ribs to sternum

Fibrocartilage

S Lots of collagen fibers

S Strong binding

S Resilient support

S Found in backbone

Elastic Cartilage

S Not much collagen

(elastic)

S Rubber-band like

S Flexible support

S Tip of nose

S Outer ear

Bone & Blood

Membranes

S Epithelial tissue + connective tissue = membranes

S Mucous Membranes (mouth, stomach, digestive tract,

resp tract, urine and reproductive tracts) – all open to

outside of body (protection)

S Synovial Membranes- lubrication in moving joints

S Serous Membranes- prevent friction between organs

Tissue Repair

S Stromal Cells- provide structure & support for

parenchymal cells (infrastructure)

S Parenchymal Cells- Cells that provide actual function of

tissue (do work)

Cell Regeneration

S Labile Cells- regular and quick mitosis

S Stable Cells- don’t regularly undergo mitosis, but are able

to if needed

S Permanent Cells- cannot undergo mitosis