family business in italy moscow, february 7, 2013 dott. francesco d ’ aprile, italy transferring...
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Family business in Italy
Moscow, February 7, 2013 Dott. Francesco D’Aprile, Italy
Transferring the Control of Business to the relatives in the Family business: how to make it effectively
35% = Family Business
Scenario: World
50% of total US employers Family Business
80% = Family Business
Scenario: USA
Represent 50% of the US GDP
25% of the first 100 EU co. Family Business
66% = Family Business
Scenario: Europe
Represent 40%-60% of the EU GDP
17 M. companies with 100 M. employers
43% Boss older then 60s (Founder)
93% = Family Business
42% 2nd Generation involved in the company
25-30% dies at starting the 2nd Generation
4,9% survives after 3rd Generation
Scenario: Italy
Structure of Italian companies (year 2010)
Size of Italian Companies (n. employers)
N. Companies
% N.Employers
% Revenue€ /Mil.
%
1-9 (Micro) 5.024.657 95,24 8.133.573 47,00 780.351 26,84
10-49 (Little) 221.522 4,2 3.512.555 20,29 672.031 23,11
50-249 (Medium) 25.359 0,5 2.110.525 12,20 572.517 16,69
≥ 250 (Big) 3.977 0,06 3.549.081 20,51 882.996 30.36
Total 5.275.515 100,0 17.305.734 100,00 2.907.895 100,00
Source: ISTAT
Scenario: Structure of Italian companies (year 2010)
80.000 Italian entrepreneurs are yearly involved in
family business transfer
Companies Employers Revenues
Focus to: Family Business and Succession Planning
USA: “Shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations”.
Mexico: “Padre bodeguero, hijo caballero, nieto pordiosero”. (Father merchant, son gentleman, grandson beggar).
Brazil: “Pai rico, filho nobre, neto pobre”. (Rich father, noble son, poor granson).
China: “Fu bu guo san dai”. (Wealth survives three generations).
Italy: “La prima generazione crea, la seconda conserva, la terza distrugge”. (The first generation creates, the second preserves, the third destroys).
Russia: …
A challenge everywhere
Succession Planning in Family Business
• Succession is not only a merely leadership replacement, but it is a learning and regeneration process;
• Several researches show how Succession Planning in Family Business is the key time to re-think and re-design the
– ownership
– strategic model
– operational model
– management
of the company
Time for changes
Individual
and Psychological
level
Family dimension Corporate culture
and
managerial style
Father – sense of loss– afraid to leave out
– lack of objectivity in the evaluation of the Heir
– difficulties in sharing knowledge
– paternalistic– poorly delegation
oriented
Heirs – continuous confrontation with the father figure
– Entrepreneurship is something that you can not inherit
– It is quite impossible to play a real leadership
– opposing risks: risky and not so rational management
– management under the shadow of the father, inability to self-manage
Management/staff – familiar with the charismatic style, difficult to change.
– resistance to change
Succession Planning in Family Business: Main Issues
11
SUCCESSION WITHOUT ABDICATION
The founder manifests a reluctance to delegate gradually his powers, which means, as a result, a
sudden entry of the heir in the company. The success of the process is subject to the capacity
of the emerging generation to manage the impact with the responsibilities of corporate
governance.
SUCCESSION WITH ABDICATION
The founder has an high inclination to the delegation and a remarkable ability of
adaptation, with an orientation to long term. The training of heirs is accurately programmed and
they are gradually involved in management activities, until there is the succession from the
father to the son/daughter.
ELUDED SUCCESSIONLow propensity to delegation, and collaboration,
together with a poor orientation to the future. This attitude leads fathers to evade the issue of
succession and to send it back to the future, keeping the decision-making system strongly
concentrated in their hands.
DEFERRED SUCCESSIONThe founder has a collaborative attitude a
present - oriented mindset. The new generation is gradually involved in the company and
acquires managerial responsibilities step by step. The two generations coexist for a long
period and the problem of succession is postponed in time, with an evident priority
assigned to the results of short-term.
LH
L HCOLLABORATIVE BEHAVIOUR
LO
NG
TER
M O
RIE
NTA
TIO
NSuccession Planning in Family Business: Main Issues
Succession Planning in Family Business:
1. The Family Act;
2. 3 traps e solutions;
3. Balancing Family and Business;
4. The Succession Planning
Solutions
The Family Act
A list of clear and accepted principles, guidelines and rules, useful to manage the relationships between family and business, designed in order to guarantee a long term perspective
to the business.
What the Family Act is:
The Family Act
How it works:- It is a Self Regulation Process;- It Acts in advance;- It is Approved by consensus;- It is the starting point of the process, not the final goal.
- Actual shareholders members of the family;- Future shareholders members of the family.
- Without existing problems;- 10 years before the real need;- when there is the need to manage a succession planning.
Actors
Timing
• Values and guide principles of the family (ex. mission, philosophy,…);
• Rules that make those principles concrete (es. Transfer of shares policy, profit sharing policy, family members entering rules, family members salaries policy,…);
• Governance: activities on how to manage the above rules (ex. Estate plans, Family plans, Succession plans,…)
The Family Act
The contentIn Italy, since 2006, recognized by the Law !
3 Traps that can destroy the family business
1. “There’s always a place for you here!”
Working in the family company is not a right ! How to avoid: preparing an appropriate training and recruiting plan. (Stalk & Foley, 2012)
2. “The company can not grow so fast as to satisfy the needs of all family members”
Families grow faster then the companies !
How to avoid: managing the entrance of the family members. Opening the
doors only to the Talented family members. (Stalk & Foley, 2012)
3 Traps that can destroy the family business
The Ford Family 1909
3. “Family members remain in silos according to bloodline”.
Family members often use to specialise themselves on the same skills of their older relatives (Finance, MKT,…).
How to avoid: assigning a mentor out of the family (Stalk & Foley, 2012)
3 Traps that can destroy the family business
Balancing Family and Business
ISSUES BUSINESS FIRST FAMILY FIRST
FAMILY EMPLOYMENT
Qualification-Based EmploymentOpen-Door Policy for all family
members
COMPENSATION Merit-Based pay Equal pay for all
LEADERSHIPLeadership granted to the right person
(family or non-family)Leadership based on Seniority in
Family
RESOURCE ALLOCATION
Business resources only used for business purposes – separate family
reserve fund utilized for family needs.
Business Resources used for personal needs (e.g., loans, grants)
DECISION -MAKING
Mulit-lateral, based on Defined Governance Structure (e.g., Executive
Committee)
Unilateral & Concentrated with Senior Family Member (e.g., Chairman/CEO)
The Succession Planning
• Starting Early;
• Create Career Development systems;
• Seeking advice: (external independent directors or senior non-family members);
• Building Consensus;
• Clarifying the transition process
The main steps
Francesco D’Aprile
Partner
Mobile: +39 393 4142258Mail: [email protected]
Web: http://www.pedconsulting.it
Contacts