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ADULT- GERONTOLOGY HEALTH PROMOTION AND QUALITY OF LIFE . AGE 55-70

NURSING 620 ELENA STOCK BSN, RN

OBJECTIVES 1. Overview the adult 55-70 age population 2. Theories of aging 3. Discuss developmental milestones of the adult 55-70 age population 4. Overview of common and potential health problems 5. Health screening of adult 55-70 age population 6. Analyze the cognitive, emotional, and spiritual development of the aged person 7. Family, social development and relationships 8. Discuss CNS role in providing holistic care for adult 55-70 age population 9. HAVE FUN

0 Universal definition absent

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Round 1 Define Aging Population

DEFINITIONS

Aging – begins at conception and ends at death

Chronologic Age – the number of years that person has

lived

Biological Age - person’s present position with respect to

the potential life span. It measures functional capacities of vital organs and systems

Social Age – results from the person’s life course through

social institutions. It refers to roles and habits of the person with respect to other members of society

Psychological Age – is behavioral capacity of the person

to adapt to changing environmental demands. It includes memory and learning capacity, intelligent, skills, feelings, motivations, and self-regulation

Cognitive Age – age the person looks and feels to self (fit of behavior and interests to chronologic age)

Primary Aging – universal changes with getting older

Secondary Aging – consequences of particular

disease

Senescence – mental and physical decline associated

with aging process

Later Maturity – last major segment of the life span

(young-old, mid-old, old-old)

Functional Age – how well the person functions in

comparison with same chronologic age

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Culture and Ethnicity

Genetics, Lifestyle, Illness

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Round 2 List major factors affecting aging

OVERVIEW ADULTS AGE 55-70 POPULATION • Increasing number of Americans considered aging population. • Adults age 55-70 are in relatively good mental and physical health with new

personal freedom, opportunities, career changing or retirement and very high social roles.

• At work adults age 55-70 are with highest ability to make decisions, holding

high status positions and earning a maximum income. • “Sandwich generation”. An average 55-70 years old adult has expending family

network. • The Baby Boomers generation • Adults age 55-70 very highly view themselves. They have high social roles

playing philanthropic roles, donating money and time to worthwhile causes and organizations.

• The chronologic age no longer determines or predicts behaviors, life events,

health status, work status, interests, or needs.

THEORIES OF AGING Biological Theories Wear and Tear Theory Free Radical Theory Deprivation Theory Biologic Clock Theory Genetic Gene Theory Immune Theory Psychosocial Theories Developmental Theory Erikson’s Levinson Sociologic Theories

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Mental Deterioration

Do not participate in sexual

activity

Elderly are inactive and

unproductive

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Round 3 Most common myths

about the elderly person ?

The Perks Of Having An Older Population https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yyW5wH1wAiE

MILESTONES • Still in relatively good health stage • Physical and endocrine changes continue • Emotional changes related to physical changes • Nutritional changes and needs • Rest/sleep, exercise and activity • Body image development • Professional role changes • Family dynamics • Relationship with spouse • Death of spouse or long term partner • Social role changes

HEALTH SYSTEMS Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems • Decreased heart capacity • Elasticity in muscles in heart, blood vessels and lung decreases • Thoracic and chest muscles changes • Breathing capacity reduces to 75% • Cardiac output decreases: at rest CO 70%of that at age 30 • Cardiovascular diseases risk increases by age 70 Recommendations • Aerobic exercises • Quit smoking • Control alcohol intake • Take low dose aspirin • Maintain low cholesterol diet • Control BP

HEALTH SYSTEMS Neurologic system • Speed of nerve conduction and nerve impulse traveling from brain to muscles

decreases 5% by age • Decreased reaction to stimuli • Early cognitive changes • Brain size decreases • Eye structural changes continuous • Gradual change of auditory nerve and bones of inner ear leads to hearing

changes Recommendations • Balanced diet with high protein and group B vitamins • Teach safety factors • Enhance functional abilities • Vision correction and hearing aids use • Continue cognitive training

HEALTH SYSTEMS Endocrine and Reproductive Women • Reproductive cycle is ended • Less estrogen synthesized and no estrogen produced by ovaries • Natural lubricant decreased • Thyroid function changes • Concern of osteoporosis • Concern of diabetes Men • Decreased testosterone production • Production of fewer sperm • Changes in testes • Changes in erection and ejaculation • Concern of diabetes Recommendations • Counsel OBGYN and/or endocrinologist • Instruct in Kegel exercise • Hormone replacement • Lubrication • Support group • Diet

HEALTH SYSTEMS Gastrointestinal and Urinary • Decrease in renal function • Diminished bladder capacity: less than 50% of the young adult • Decrease in bladder and pelvic muscle tone • Oral mucosa atrophies and decrease saliva production • Dental decay • Digestion delay and decrease in nutrients absorption • Slower gallbladder evacuation • Decreased elimination • Fluid electrolytes imbalance Integumentary • Hair loss • Skin thinning • Wrinkles Recommendations • Adequate food and fluid intake • Consult for medications dose adjustment • Promote frequent toileting • Teach safety factors • Accept change • Infection prevention

PREVENTION

Given the rapid aging of the U.S. population, increasing the use of preventive services by adults aged 50 or older is a key public health strategy. Despite the effectiveness of these potentially life-saving preventive services: Only 25% of adults aged 50 to 64 years are up to date on services. Less than 50% of adults aged 65 years or older are up to date. cdc.gov

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Current health problem

PMH, Med list

substance use

Psychosocial, mental

support system

status

Nutrition

Immunization

Cheer Silence Lose Win Boo

Round 4 Key components of aging adult examination?

HEALTH AND WELLBEING CONCERNS • Cardiovascular issues • Diabetes • Hormone imbalance (osteoporosis and testosterone deficiency) • Depression • Cognitive decline • Substance abuse (alcohol, prescribed medications, tobacco) • Emotional and spiritual struggle • Socioeconomic issues

CONCERNS • Demographic shift: between 2015 and 2040, the U.S. total population increase

by 18%; the ages 65 and older population is expected to increase of 72% • Caregivers and health system straining • Medication and alcohol abuse • The emerging literature indicates the “Baby Boomer” generation continuing to

use alcohol at higher rate than previous generations. • The prevalence of at-risk and problem drinking among older adults is up to

16%. • Older adults are at greater risk for harmful drug interactions, injury, depression,

memory problems, liver disease, sleep problems, cancer, and diabetes that can related to heavier alcohol consumption.

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Assessment

EBP

Caregiver, community and

System assessment

Direct care

Influence cost and quality

care

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Round 5 AGCNS role and

responsibility providing care aging adults?

REFERENCES Advanced Practice Nursing in the Care of Older Adults. Kennedy-Malone, L., Fletcher, K., Martin-Plank, L. (2014). F.A. Davis Company (2014) Foundations of Clinical Nurse Specialist Practice. Fulton, J., Lyon, B., Goudreau, K. (2014). Springer Publishing Company, 2 edition (2014) Health Promotion Strategies Through The Life Span. Murray, R.B., Zentner, J. P., Yakimo, R. (2008). Prentice Hall, 8 edition (July 24, 2008). CDC.gov Barry, K. L., & Blow, F. C. (2016). Drinking Over the Lifespan: Focus on Older Adults. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 38(1), 115-120. Williamson, T. (2013). Baby boomers -- growing older but getting on with life?. Working With Older People: Community Care Policy & Practice, 17(4), 157-163. doi:10.1108/WWOP-08-2013-0020 Johnson, J. H., & Parnell, A. M. (2016). The Challenges and Opportunities of the American Demographic Shift. Generations, 40(4), 9-15.