famous psychologists advanced placement psychology semester ii – kimberly high school ms. amy...
TRANSCRIPT
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Famous Psychologists
Advanced Placement Psychology
Semester II – Kimberly High School
Ms. Amy Johnson
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Willhelm Wundt
• Introspection-Psychology & the study of conscious experience
• Father of Psychology• University of Leipzig
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Alfred Adler
• Neo-Freudian• Superiority complex• Inferiority complex• Sibling rivalry• Birth order
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Carl Jung
• People have conscious & unconscious awareness
• Archetypes• Collective
Unconscious
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Gordon Allport
• Cardinal Traits (dominant personality characteristic)
• Central Traits• Secondary Traits• PERSONALITY
theorist
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Albert Ellis
• Rational Emotive Therapy
• Cognitive Therapist• Focuses on altering a
client’s irrational thinking to reduce maladaptive behavior and emotions.
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John Watson
• Founder of behaviorism
• Little Albert study• Rosalie Rayner (his
graduate student and later his wife)
• Conditioning fear
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Abraham Maslow
• Hierarchy of Needs• Lower level needs
dominate higher level needs
• Goal is to be self-actualized
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Carl Rogers
• Humanist• Personal growth• Empathy,
acceptance, understanding
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B.F. Skinner
• Behaviorism• Skinner Box• Operant Conditioning
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Ivan Pavlov
• Classical conditioning• UCS elicits a UCR• Dogs• Salivation to meat
powder & tuning fork• UCS, UCR, CS, CR
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Noam Chomsky
• Language• Cognitive Perspective• Humans have an
inborn native ability to develop language.
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Erik Erikson
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David Weschler
• WAIS • Wechsler Adult
Intelligence Test for Adults
• Intelligence test for adults (S-B test is not good in assessing adult intelligence)
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Jean Piaget
• Cognitive Development of children
• Sensorimotor• Preoperational• Concrete Operational• Formal Operational
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Robert Sternberg
• Tricarchic theory of intelligence– Academic problem
solving– Practical intelligence– Creative intelligence
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Lawrence Kohlberg
• Preconventional morality
• Conventional morality • Post-conventional
morality
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Phineas Gage
• Brain is involved with emotions & behavior & personality
• Frontal Lobe
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Lewis Terman
• Revised IQ test for American children and standardized norms for American kids.
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Howard Gardner
• Theory of multiple intelligences– Practical intelligence– Emotional intelligence– Natural intelligence– Analytical intelligence– Etc….
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Diana Baumrind
• Parenting styles– Permissive – Authoritative– Authoritarian
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Albert Bandura
• Bobo Doll• Observational
Learning• Social-Cognitive
Perspective of personality
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E.L. Thorndike
• Law of Effect• Behaviorist
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Alfred Binet
• First IQ test• Intelligence Quotient
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Charles Spearman
• g= general ability • Mental talents are
highly correlated • Intelligence is NOT
multiple….
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Harry Harlow
• UW Madison• Rhesus monkeys• Attachment is not = to
food, comfort and warmth and love is important, too!
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Herman Rorschach
• Projective test• Ink blots
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Carol Gilligan
• Moral reasoning in girls.
• Nurturing and caring part of a girl’s DNA – should count in moral reasoning.
• Dislikes Kohlberg’s Morality Stages.
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Elizabeth Kubler-Ross
• DABDA – Stages of Death & Dying– Denial– Anger– Bargaining– Depression– Acceptance
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Martin Seligman
• Learned Helplessness
• Positive Psychology
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Stanley Milgram
• Obedience• Shocks• How far will people
go?
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Elizabeth Loftus
• Memory• False memories of
childhood traumas• Repression of
threatening childhood memories
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Mary Whiton Calkins
• First woman president of the APA.
• Denied a Ph.D. from Harvard for being female.
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Phillip Zimbardo
• Stanford Prison Study• Power of social roles
and behavior• “The Lucifer Effect”
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Karen Horney
• Neo-Freudian• Thought Freud was a little
over-sexed.• Parental influences very
important on childhood.• Children fear being
abandoned & helplessness – she called this basic anxiety.