far eastern agriculture issue 5 2012

Industry in dire straits

VIV China 2012 review

Broiler breeding

Respiratory diseases in barns

Fighting fungi in grain storage

Tuna fishing

Feed and Grain Buyers’ Guide

VOLUME 29 ISSUE 5

ISSUE FIVE 2012

US$15.00 (UK£9.00)

Protectant fungicides - p21

FEAG 5 2012 COVER_FEAG_COVER_MASTER_09 30/10/2012 09:45

S01 FEAG 5 2012 Start_Layout 1 30/10/2012 09:47

FAR EASTERN AGRICULTURE Issue Five 2012 3

Contents

Ph

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: FA

DIO

/IRD

-Ifr

emer

/M. T

aqu

et

Bulletin4 A round-up of key developments in the regional market

Agenda6 China needs more soyabeans for feed; Global feed additives market worth US$19.5bn by

2017; Global grain production at record high; Thai smallholders show support for sustainable palm oil production; plus FAO Food Outlook

Events9 Reviews of VIV China and Vietstock 2012; Previews of Eurotier and IPM Essen

Livestock13 Male fertility key to broiler breeding

17 The Philippine Tuna sector: A sunset industry?

Crops21 Protectant copper fungicide still first for tropical trees

26 Fighting fungi in grain storage preserves cereal quality

Feed & Grain Buyers’ Guide28 The key players in the Asian feed market

Equipment31 The latest innovations and agricultural technology

Moreover35 Small-scale irrigation schemes yield big benefits

Almex BV ..................................................................27

AWILA Anlagenbau GmbH ........................................19

Diamond Engineering Ltd. ........................................13

Eurofeed Technologies S.r.l. ......................................34

Lubing Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG ..................36

Machines 4 Food Ltd.................................................25

Merck Animal Health ..................................................2

Messe Essen GmbH (IPM 2013) ..................................9

SCE nv, silo construction and engineering ................33

Schaumann Agri International GmbH ........................29

SEC Inc. ......................................................................7

SKA S.r.l. Italy .......................................................... 30

Technical Systems ....................................................31

TPI Polytechniek b.v ..................................................15

Unipoint AG................................................................34

Advertisers Index

Managing Editor : Meenakshi Nambiar

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Male fertility key to broiler breeding

‘DNA’ sequencing to create new rice variety with

greater health benefits

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13


4 FAR EASTERN AGRICULTURE Issue Five 2012

FAO DIRECTOR-GENERALJOSÉ Graziano da Silvapresented the Organization'shighest award, the AgricolaMedal, to Wen Jiabao, Premier ofthe State Council of China."By conferring the medal, FAOwishes to pay tribute to yourdedication to promoting foodsecurity and poverty reduction inChina, and in the world,"Graziano told the premier at a ceremony held to commemorate theaward.Wen Jiabao added that without the modernisation of agricultural andrural societies in China there would be no modernisation of thenational economy as a whole.During the medal ceremony, Graziano da Silva also noted howChina's efforts to feed its people and to end extreme poverty havehad a global impact."The number of poor in the world fell from 2.3 billion in 1990 to 1.5billion in 2008, a reduction of 34.1 per cent. A world without Chinawould have progressed more slowly, with a reduction of only about11 per cent of the number of poor over the same period," said Silva.

JAMESWAY appoints agents in Pakistan, South KoreaJAMESWAY INCUBATOR IS expanding their presence in Pakistanand South Korea with the appointment of Agfatech and GanongInternational as their agents respectively. Agfatech specialises in supply and installation of quality plants,machinery and equipment to poultry, horticulture and halal foodprocessing industries. Agfatech’s knowledge of the poultryindustry positions them to support Jamesway customers in thePakistan market. Ganong will provide sales and service support to Jamesway'scustomers in South Korea. Located in Hanam city adjacent to Seoul,Ganong has a strong experience in the poultry industry, a companyofficial said.Ganong’s technical installation or customer service team will providecontinued after-sales support to Jamesway customers.

Cargill to operate broiler production unit in ChinaUS AGRIBUSINESS COMPANY Cargill Inc plans to start operatingone of China's biggest broiler production facilities by the middle ofnext year, boosting its presence in the region.With an investment of US$250mn, the integrated chicken broilerfacility under construction in Anhui province will include a feed mill,farms, hatchery and processing plants, said Christopher Langholz,president of Cargill Animal Protein."We are doing the construction right now and hope to start by Juneor July next year," he said. "We will raise 65mn birds a year and it willbe one of the biggest integrated plants in China."China's poultry industry is rapidly expanding with annual growth atfive to six per cent, drawing investment in production facilities."There is a big trend going on," said Langholz. "Just as 20years ago you had in pork with modern technology andcorporate people getting involved in production, now all thathas started happening in chicken."China, which buys 60 per cent of all soybeans traded across theworld, could see a jump in demand for feed grains as consumptionof chicken meat grows. The country already accounts for half of theworld's pork production and consumption.

Japfa and Hypor open pig breeding farmTHE NEW JOINT venture Japfa Hypor Genetics Company (JHGC)opened a 700 sow, state-of-the-art pig breeding farm in Vietnam.JHGC is a joint venture between Vietnam’s animal feed producerJapfa Comfeed Long An Ltd (Japfa) and global swine geneticscompany Hypor.A recent shipment of Hypor GGP, consisting of the two dam linesHypor Large White and Landrace and the sire lines Hypor Maxterand Magnus, will populate the farm. The nucleus farm will producereproduction pigs and semen for the needs of Japfa’s pigproduction. Alongside, a sales and service organisation will be setup to commercialise gilts and semen in Vietnamese market. “A solid foundation is a precondition for long-term success.Japfa and Hypor share a vision in improving pig genetics inVietnam,” Dr Kuswanto Sukojo, Japfa senior vice president andcountry head stated. Antoon van den Berg, CEO of Hendrix Genetics said, "The jointventure is the first step of our partnership to build the best breedingcompany in Indochina.”

Italy's Maschio Gaspardo enters IndiaITALY-BASED AGRICULTURALMACHINERY manufacturingcompany Maschio GaspardoGroup has set up a new facility atRanjangaon near Pune in India.The company has investedUS$37.3mn in this facility andwill invest additional US$18.6mnin the next five years.Initially, the Pune plant will

manufacture rotary tillers, mulchers and seeders for the domesticmarket. The annual capacity of this plant will be 20,000 units and inthe beginning will manufacture over 500 machines per month. Maschio Gaspardo group specialises in the production ofagricultural machinery for tillage, sowing, seeding, landscaping,forage-making, sprayers and crop care. Over 60 per cent localisation has been achieved in this plant and theremaining will be imported from Italy and China. Alessio Riulini, director, Maschio Gaspardo India, said, “The growingimportance of Indian agricultural market gives this country a centralposition in Maschio Gaspardo Group’s global strategy.”

Sodrugestvo Group and Mitsui form strategic allianceJAPAN’S MITSUI & Co has become a 10 per cent stakeholder inSodrugestvo Group, the largest oilseed crusher in Russia. As part of the alliance, both companies will become strategicpartners in some of their respective business activities. Under the agreement, Mitsui will enjoy a preferential right to exportand merchandise the grains Sodrugestvo harvests in Russia and theformer Soviet republics. Mitsui also intends to cooperate in thefeedstuff and livestock business in Russia and former Sovietrepublics where demand has been on the rise.Mitsui plans to develop marketing outlets for the grain in the MiddleEast and Africa as well as with existing clients mainly located inJapan and Asia. In addition, Mitsui will share its expertise in theinternational grain trading business with Sodrugestvo as well asprovide market intelligence from its global trading network.Commenting on the partnership, Stephane Frappat, CEO ofSodrugestvo said, "Mitsui has over a century of global businessexperience and meets the criteria for strategic partnerships that wehave developed.”

José Graziano da Silva andChinese Premier Wen Jiabao

Bulletin

Wen Jiabao given FAO’s highest award

Maschio Gaspardo's new facility



NOVEMBER 2012

13-16 EuroTier 2012 Hanover, Germany www.eurotier.com

21-22 Poultry Asia 2012 Bangkok, Thailand www.poultryasia.agraevents.com

28-30 Poultry India 2012 Hyderabad, India www.poultryindia.co.in

DECEMBER 2012

5-7 AgriPro Asia Hong Kong, China www.agriproasia.com

8-10 China Rice Expo Beijing, China www.chinariceexpo.com

13-15 IAI Swine and Pork Expo New Delhi, India www.iaiswineandporkexpo.co.in

10-12 Agro Machinery & Seed Expo Bogra, Bangladesh www.expopromoter.com

JANUARY 2013

6-8 International Crop Science Conference Nairobi, Kenya www.acss.ws

22-25 IPM Essen 2013 Essen, Germany www.ipm-messe.de

FEBRUARY 2013

5-7 AgroFarm Moscow, Russia www.agrofarm.org

MARCH 2013

13-15 VIV Asia Bangkok, Thailand www.vivasia.nl

14-15 3rd RubberPlant Summit Yangon, Burma www.cmtevents.com

Events 2012/13

THE WORLD BANK is now buying carbon credits from owners of pigfarms in the Philippines who invest in wastewater treatment facilities tobetter dispose of pig manure and generate electricity.

In a statement, the Washington-based lender said that owners of pigfarms who invest in clean technology may gain carbon credits, which theycan sell to the Spanish Carbon Fund, administered by the World Bank.

Through buying these carbon credits, the World Bank provides hograisers with an additional revenue stream.

"This is the first programme of activities from the Philippines to beregistered and it is the first registered biogas PoA (Programme of Activity)in the animal waste sector in Southeast Asia, a region home to a

significant number of the world’s pigs," World Bank Carbon FinanceSpecialist Nick Bowden said.

When fully implemented, the programme is expected to produce over100,000 tonnes of carbon credits per year from dozens of pig farmsacross the country, the lender said.

This is the equivalent to a reduction of 100,000 metric tonnes ofcarbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

The project is implemented by the Land Bank of the Philippines andsupported by the World Bank’s Carbon Finance Unit.

"We are pleased to work with the World Bank on this project becausewe are hitting two goals at the same time: providing financial support tofarmers in the countryside - which is our core mandate - while contributingto efforts at mitigating climate change," the World Bank quoted Landbankpresident and chief executive Gilda Pico.

Carbon finance facilitates financial rewards through carbon credits forthe reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by emitters in developingcountries, like the Philippines, through the Clean DevelopmentMechanism of the Kyoto Protocol.

Carbon credits are used by firms in advanced economies to beallowed to emit greenhouse gases as they operate their businesses. Onecarbon credit is equivalent to one metric tonne of carbon dioxide.

Under the international carbon credit system, industrialisedeconomies, which account for the bulk of global greenhouse gas emission, put up funds that will finance environment-friendly projects. Theprojects have equivalent carbon credits, which entities from rich countriesmay buy. The objective of the system is to promote environment-friendlyinitiatives to address climate change.

World Bank to buy carbon credit from pig farm owners in Philippines

Owners of pig farms whoinvest in clean technologywill gain carbon credits

S02 FEAG 5 2012 Agenda_Layout 1 30/10/2012 09:48

Agenda


FOLLOWING TWO MONTHS of stability, theFAO Food Price Index rose slightly inSeptember 2012, up 1.4 percent, or 3points, from its level in August.

The Index, based on the prices of a basketof internationally traded food commodities,climbed to 216 points in September from213 points in August. The rise reflectedstrengthening dairy and meat prices and morecontained increases for cereals. Prices ofsugar and oils, on the other hand, fell.

The FAO Index currently stands 22 pointsbelow its peak of 238 points in February2011, and 9 points below its level of 225points in September 2011.

The FAO Cereal Price Index averaged 263points in September, 1 per cent, or 3 pointsup from August, as gains in wheat and riceprices offset a decline in maize. Whileshrinking maize export availabilities and highmaize prices have been leading cerealmarkets in recent months, tightening wheatsupplies have also become a concern.Nonetheless, international wheat prices fell

towards the second half of the month,following the announcement by the RussianFederation that it would not imposerestrictions on exports.

The FAO Meat Price Index averaged 175points in September, up 2.1 per cent, or 4points, from August. The grain-intensive pigand poultry sectors recorded particularlystrong gains, increasing by 6 per cent and 2per cent respectively.

The FAO Dairy Price Index averaged 188points in September, up 7 per cent, or 12points, from August, representing the sharpestmonthly increase since January 2011. All thefive dairy products monitored saw prices rise.World demand for milk products remains firmwhich, combined with increasing feed costs,is underpinning world prices. Meanwhile,FAO's latest forecasts confirm a decline inglobal cereal production this year from therecord registered in 2011. But recordharvests are expected in Low-Income Food-Deficit Countries (LIFDCs).

World cereal production in 2012 is now

forecast at 2,286mn tonnes, slightly downfrom the 2,295mn tonnes estimated inSeptember, according to the new issue ofFAO's quarterly Crop Prospects and FoodSituation report also published today.

At the currently forecast level, world cerealproduction in 2012 would be 2.6 per centdown from the previous year's record crop butclose to the second largest in 2008. Theoverall decrease comprises a 5.2 per centreduction in wheat production and a 2.3 percent reduction for coarse grains.

THE GLOBAL ANIMAL feed additives market in terms of revenue wasestimated to be worth around US$15.6bn in 2011 and is expected toreach US$19.5bn by 2017, according to the report ‘Animal FeedAdditives Market by Types, Livestock & Geography - Global Trends &Forecasts up to 2017’.

The report, published by MarketsandMarkets, says the market isgrowing at the CAGR of 3.8 per cent from 2012 to 2017. Leadingmanufacturers are focused on expansion of the business acrossregions and setting up new plants for increasing production capacityas well as product line. Major industry participants are involved inmergers and acquisitions to penetrate in untapped markets of Asiaand Latin America.

The report defines and segments the global animal feed additivesmarket with analysis and forecasting of the global volume andrevenue for the animal feed additives. It also identifies the driving andrestraining factors for the global market with analysis of trends,opportunities, burning issues, winning imperatives, and challenges.The market is segmented and revenue is forecasted on the basis ofmajor regions such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Restof the World (ROW).

Animal feed additives are substances which are added to made-upand stored feeds for various purposes such as to control and preventinfectious diseases in animals, to enhance rate of weight gain, ensuresupply of vitamins and avoid deficiency, and enhance feed digestibility.The demand driving factors of the global animal feed additives marketare industrialisation in meat production, increasing global demand forprotein rich meat products, increase in rate of global meatconsumption, increased awareness towards meat quality and safety,and outbreaks of livestock diseases.

Food Outlook

Good weather to help Indonesiasugar output rise 14 per centINDONESIA'S WHITE SUGAR production could rise as much as 14 per cent by

the end of 2012 to 2.4mn tonnes, helped by conducive weather, but will miss

a government target because of a lack of land to plant cane.

Indonesia, Southeast Asia's largest consumer of the sweetener, has

abandoned a goal of becoming self-sufficient in the production of white sugar

by 2014 after plans for domestic expansion of sugarcane plantations foundered.

"I do hope production will reach 2.3mn to 2.4mn tonnes," Faruk Bakri,

chairman of the Indonesia

Sugar Association, told

Reuters.

"The government indeed

expects production to reach

2.6mn to 2.7mn tonnes, but I

think it's going to be

difficult," he said, adding that

2011 output was estimated

at 2.1mn to 2.2mn tonnes.

But the battle to boost sugar

production in the face of red

tape over land licenses, competition for land and under-investment could turn

Indonesia into the world's largest raw sugar importer in the year to September

2013.

Jakarta has issued import permits for 250,000 tonnes of raw sugar to help

fill a gap faced by industrial users. Indonesia buys about 2 million tonnes of

raw sugar a year, mainly for industrial use and mostly from Thailand, the

world's second-largest exporter.

“Cane plantations are also competing with other key crops such as rice,

onions and palm oil,” said Oki Jamhur Warnaen, operation director of state-

run trading firm PT RNI.

Global feed additives market to hit US$19.5 billion by 2017

Jakarta has issued import permits for250,000 tonnes of raw sugar



Agenda

A GROUP OF independent smallholders from Thailand

are leading the way in sustainable palm oil production

by becoming the first in the world to sign up to the

Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO), showing

their commitment to producing oil in a more efficient,

environmentally-friendly manner.

Palm oil is one of the world’s most versatile raw

ingredients and is used in one in two products on

supermarket shelves, from crisps and biscuits, to

cosmetics and cleaning products. It is also the highest-

yielding oil crop in the world, producing an average of

4.3 tonnes per hectare, compared with 0.5 tonnes for

soy oil and between 1.5 – 2 tonnes for sunflower oil.

Palm oil cultivation has a positive effect on the

incomes and lifestyles of farming families and on the

development of rural areas in the countries where the

palm oil is grown, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, South

America and Thailand.

However, while there are benefits to palm oil

production, as the demand continues to rise, the areas

where the oil palms are grown are seeing the

destruction of virgin rainforest, the extinction of

endangered species and the displacement of small

farmers in order to establish enormous monoculture

plantations. So, while halting the production of palm

oil is not a viable option, educating growers and

changing cultivation methods would have a positive

impact both on the environment and on the economy

of these areas.

As part of the RSPO certification process the

smallholders will be shown how to grow the oil palms

to improve yield and lessen the impact on the

environment, and if they meet the stringent RSPO

criteria, they will be able to charge a premium for their

sustainable product using the GreenPalm programme.

General manager of GreenPalm Bob Norman said,

“Globally, Thailand is the third largest producer of

palm oil following Malaysia and Indonesia. However

the percentage of that area under cultivation by

independent smallholders is more than 70 per cent -

far higher than Indonesia or Malaysia. It’s crucial we

make these growers aware that their cultivation

methods may be harming the environment and that by

employing more sustainable methods they will see

their yield and their income increase.

“By signing up to the RSPO and going through the

certification process, these farmers can learn how to

grow more sustainably to achieve higher yields, and

once certified they can charge a premium for their oil

by signing up to the GreenPalm programme.”

The GreenPalm programme provides all growers

with a way of gaining a premium for their oil by

bypassing a complex supply chain which makes

physical segregation of sustainably produced oil

difficult and costly.

Those growers who meet the RSPO criteria gain a

premium for their oil by claiming one GreenPalm

certificate for each tonne of sustainable oil they

produce. They can then offer these certificates for sale

on the GreenPalm trading platform to purchasers who

can then rightfully claim they are supporting the

sustainable production of palm oil.

Palm oil is the highest yielding oil crop in theworld producing an average of 4.3 tonnes/ha

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Agenda


SOUTHEAST ASIA'S ANIMAL feed production will continue toconsistently grow by at least 5 -6 per cent annually over the next fewyears, with an expanding aquaculture sector playing a crucial roledue to higher Chinese imports of marine products.

The rising production of animal feed will likely push up importsof soybeans, soymeal and corn in Southeast Asia, supportingalready-high prices.

"Regardless of the health of the overall economy, the prevalenceof animal diseases and high prices of feed ingredients, production ofanimal feed is rising and will continue to do so," said John Lindblom,regional director of American Soybean Association for SoutheastAsia, on the sidelines of an agriculture conference.

Southeast Asia's animal feed production is projected to rise 4.5per cent to a record 5.22mn metric tonnes in the marketing yearending September 30, he added.

China is the world's top meat consumer and its ability to producefreshwater aquaculture products is nearing a peak due to pollution-related issues and rising demand. Rising exports of live fish catchfrom Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam have also given a fillipto industrial aquaculture in Southeast Asia, he said.

Indonesia's animal feed output is projected to rise 9 per cent thisyear to 1.12mn tonnes. Philippine animal feed production hasslowed this year due to a shake-up in the local hog industry, withmany small producers going out of business, and increasing meatimports from Canada and Europe.

JAPAN'S BROILER PRODUCTION is expected to record an increaseof 3 per cent in 2012 as Japan recovers from outbreaks of pathogenicavian influenza and the earthquake in March 2011, according to theUS Department of Agriculture Marketing Service's latest report.

In 2011, massive outbreaks of avian influenza and the earthquakelargely disrupted Japan’s domestic production and distribution ofbroiler meat. On a month-by-month comparison, national output forJanuary – July 2011 showed severe declines, although from August2011 onwards output almost returned to its 2010 levels, according tothe report. Broilers comprise over 90 per cent of the Japanese poultrymarket and domestic broilers account for about 60 per cent of Japan’stotal broiler supply.

For the first half of 2012, as total distribution of broiler meat clearlyoutpaced solid consumption, the market was flooded with chickenmeat. Surplus stocks appear to be putting a burden on Japan’s 2012broiler market. For the month of June, the size of frozen broiler stockswas reported to have grown to 152,780 metric tonnes, adding 5,400metric tonnes to unsold meat inventories at the end of 2011.

GLOBAL GRAIN PRODUCTION is expected to reach a record high of 2.4bn tonnes

this year, an increase of one per cent from 2011 levels, according to research

conducted by the Worldwatch Institute's Nourishing the Planet project

According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO),

the production of grain for animal feed is growing the fastest – a 2.1 per cent

increase from 2011. Grain for direct human consumption grew 1.1 per cent from

2011, write report authors Danielle Nierenberg and Katie Spoden.

In 2011, the amount of grain used for food totaled 571mn tonnes, with India

consuming 89mn tonnes, China 87mn tonnes, and the United States 28mn

tonnes, according to the International Grains Council. The world relies heavily on

wheat, maize (corn), and rice for daily sustenance: of the 50,000 edible plants in

the world, these three grains account for two-thirds of global food energy intake.

Grains provide the majority of calories in diets worldwide, ranging from a

23 per cent share in the United States to 60 per cent in Asia and 62 per cent

in North Africa.

Maize production in the United States - the largest producer - was expected

to reach a record 345mn tonnes in 2012; however, drought in the Great Plains

has altered this estimate severely.

Maize yields for the 2012-13 growing season are now expected to decrease

13 per cent from 2011 production, for a total production of 274.3mn tonnes.

The reliance on grain crops for food security is threatened by more-extreme

climatic events, especially droughts and floods. According to the United Nations

International Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction, the World Food Programme,

and Oxfam International, some 375mn people will be affected by climate

change-related disasters by 2015.

By 2050, the FAO notes, 10-20 per cent more people will be subject to

hunger based on the changing climate's effects on agriculture, and 24mn

more children are expected to be malnourished – 21 per cent more than if

there were no climate change.

"The relationship between food security, grain production, and climate

change is especially important in 2012," said Nierenberg, a Worldwatch senior

researcher and Nourishing the Planet project director.

"The recent drought affecting the United States and the rest of the world

show the need to reduce price volatility, move away from fossil fuel-based

agriculture, and recognise the importance of women farmers to increase

resilience to climate change."

The FAO expects global maize production to increase 4.1 per cent from

2011, reaching an estimated 916mn tonnes in 2012.

Global rice production achieved an all-time high of 480mn tonnes in 2011,

a 2.6 per cent increase from 2010.

World wheat production is projected to drop to 675.1mn tonnes in

2012, down 3.6 per cent from 2011, with the largest declines in feed and

biofuel utilisation.

Rice, wheat and maize account for two-thirds of global food energy intake

Japan’s broiler production estimated up 3 per cent in 2012

Feed output to see consistent growth

Global grain production at recordhigh despite extreme climatic events

Broilers compriseover 90 per centof the Japanesepoultry market



Events

CHINA, WITH A booming livestock industry,was an apt venue to host VIVorganisation’s trade fair thereby featuring

the country prominently on its worldwide list ofvenues.

VIV China, held recently in Beijing’s NCIEC(New China international Exhibition Centre) waspreceded by an international pig and poultryconference that had an array of internationalexperts presenting papers.

Though 2011 was a good year financially forpig producers, profits dropped in 2012. Despitethis, VIV China, held once every two years,attracted 300 Chinese exhibitors, along with 150well-known international companies from the pig,poultry and animal feed sectors. In addition, theNetherlands, France and Great Britain also set upnational pavilions.

FeedThe size and scale of the stands wasimpressive with much of the equipmentdisplayed being on par with similar shows heldin Europe or the USA.

Several companies exhibited bulk feed bins,although the majority of animal feed in China isstill transported in bags – mostly 40kg ones – aquantity which is illegal in the UK and severalother countries.

Companies also exhibited their range offeed conveying equipment during the eventsince employing labour in farms to manuallyfeed livestock is not as economical as it usedto be. Factors like China’s 12th Five Year Plan(2011-15) setting a 13 per cent increase inminimum wages and mandatory social welfare

and migration from rural areas to the cities forbetter wages have or will lead to further rise inlabour costs.

These scenarios make the use of mechanicalfeed systems in farms a rational choice not toforget the fact that they dispense feed accuratelyand do not tire.

Electronic sow feeders (ESF) have been in usefor over 25 years in Europe and manyinternational and local equipment companiesdisplayed their ESFs. How many get sold is amute point, although it’s suggested that large pigfarms have installed ESFs to promote the imageof embracing new technology. In contrast, therewere plenty of traditional dry sow stalls on

display as majority of sows and gilts are stillhoused in confinement systems in China.

Plastic slatted flooring along with thetraditional cast iron varieties were also on display.Most of the farrowing crates exhibited were fittedwith saver bars, to prevent piglets being crushedby the sow. In addition to export to Europe andNorth America, Chinese equipment is now indemand in Brazil and Argentina too.

It was no surprise that pig and poultryequipment company, Big Dutchman, had a well-equipped and staffed stand at the event

During the exhibition, Big Dutchmanmanaging director Bernd Kuhlencord said, “Asiais a huge market for us but our main focus is on

www.ipm-essen.de

201322 – 25 January

I P M E S S E N The world‘s leading trade fair for horticulture

Plants | Technoloy | Floristry | Garden features

See tomorrow‘s trends today!

VIV China reflects boominglivestock industry

VIV China attracted 150 companiesfrom around the world

S03 FEAG 5 2012 Events_Layout 1 30/10/2012 09:50

32

Events


THE WORLD DAIRY Summit that

will take place in Cape Town,

South Africa, will be hosted from 4

to 8 November 2012.

The theme of the summit

‘World in one country’ will provide

new insights and discuss the

challenges being faced by the

global dairy industry.

This year’s programme will

include several new features.

There will be a conference

devoted to dairy in emerging

countries, focusing on the socio-

economic benefits of dairying and

benefits for dairy processors.

Food security, and particularly

how the dairy industry can

contribute, will play an important

role in this summit. Animal health

and welfare will also be part of the

programme, with a particular

focus on future challenges to

control the spread of animal

diseases.

The conference will also dwell

on emerging food safety issues of

a microbiological or chemical

nature that may pose a threat to

consumers of milk and dairy

products globally if not managed

appropriately.

IPM ESSEN WILL open its doors for the 31st timeon January 22 - 25, 2013 and will present to 60,000expected trade visitors a comprehensive andglobally unique range available from the exhibitorsin the plants, technology, floristry and equipmentsections. Like last year, Ilse Aigner, FederalMinister of Food, Agriculture and ConsumerProtection, will be the patron of the trade fair.

The participation of international exhibitorsduring IPM ESSEN that will be organised in Essen,Germany, is expected to rise even further than2012. In total, around 1,500 exhibitors from over 40countries will present their products and servicesand will offer the trade visitors an overview of theworldwide market.

For the first time, Korean exhibitors will appearin the Technology section with a common fairbooth. At IPM ESSEN 2013, Sri Lanka andThailand will be represented with an officialnational participation for the first time.

At IPM ESSEN 2013, the Baltic states(Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia) will be partners ofthe International Horticultural Forum on EasternEurope. The specialist forum will give an insight intothe horticultural and plant industries in EasternEuropean countries. Experts will provideinformation about new market opportunities and itwill be possible to establish new business contactsor to consolidate existing ones.

Europe's best florists will also showcase theirskills during the event. Russian Natalia Zhizhko,winner of the ‘European Cup of Floral Design2011’, and the runner-up Niina Minkkinen fromFinland will display the newest floristry trends onthe FDF stage.

Germany's most talented young florists will besought as well. The best ones will qualify to takepart in the ‘Eurofleurs Junior Championship’ and in‘Worldskills Germany 2013’.

The previous edition of IPM ESSEN has beendeclared a great success with 36 per cent of thevisitors coming from abroad. This corresponded toa rise in the foreign proportion by ten per cent.

The event was attended by 59,600 tradeprofessionals who visited 1,517 exhibitors from 44countries. The organisers hope that this nextedition of the event will be a bigger hit among thevisitors and exhibitors alike.

"The 30th IPM ESSEN was superlative," agreedboth Frank Thorwirth, chairman and CEO of MesseEssen, and Egon Galinnis, managing director ofMesse Essen.

Specialist forum will give an insight into the horticultural and plant industries

Dairy Summit inNovember

IPM Essen gets ready to woo visitors, exhibitors

Russia, given that Russia has a stated policy tobecome self-sufficient in meat and so new pigprojects are blossoming all over the country.”

Roger Parfitt, an official of Big Dutchmanbased in China said that several large pigbusinesses are increasing their investment inlabour-saving equipment. Wet feeding has beenpopular in Europe for many years and is nowcatching on in China, with whey and DDGS(Distiller’s Dried Grains with Solubles) beingpopular co-products that can be used in pig diets.

He added that nationally pig unit output ispoor with much scope for improvement.

“Circovirus is a big problem and as with anydisease this naturally reduces unit output.China is a huge country and policies vary fromregion to region. The government givesinvestment grants that can be outright or justloans to new units. Since pig effluent disposalis a problem in China as elsewhere, 50 percent grant is given on effluent treatment.”

BreedingGood genetics are key to good output andhence many countries are keen to export

breeding pigs to China. The National SwineRegistry promoted American genes at the show,along with French companies. Dutch breedingcompany Topigs and the British also promotedtheir bloodlines.

A new franchise agreement was signedalong the sidelines of VIV China between UKpig breeding company JSR Genetics and TainjinBo Hui Rui Kang Livestock Breeding Ltd for900 GGP gilts and boars scheduled for deliveryin May 2013.

Managing director of JSR Genetics GrantWalling commented that he was asked far moretechnical questions about breeding techniquesthan at the last VIV China held two years ago.

Robert Overend, a breeder of top qualitybreeding pigs in Northern Ireland said,“Exporting live pigs is very expensive becauseof high shipping and vet costs so for mybusiness frozen semen is the way forward.”

French company IMV that exports their AIequipment worldwide were also exhibiting theirproducts and commenting on the scope ofinsemination in China said both traditional anddeep insemination catheters were popular with

Chinese producers, although semen bottleswere preferred to blister packs. Continuing withthe breeding theme, many companies exhibitedsmall compact scanners, used for pregnancychecking sows and gilts.

It was impossible to miss the Buhler standwith its impressive display of feed milling andprocessing equipment. A number of feedmanufacturers were present at the show alongwith many Chinese companies selling syntheticamino acids, vitamins and minerals.

Antibiotic growth promoters are banned inthe EU and it was very significant to see someChinese companies selling acidifiers and morenatural forms of growth promoters.

With the successful conclusion of VIV China,the next edition of the event to be held from 23to 25 September 2014, can only be expected todraw a bigger crowd, reflecting the increase insize of the Chinese livestock sector as itgrapples with the challenge of producing moremeat and eggs to feed the ever-growing Chinesepopulation. nn

Stuart Lumb


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Events


PROFESSIONAL ANIMAL HUSBANDRY event, EuroTier 2012, that will be held at

Hanover from 13 to 16 November, has exerted a hitherto unrivalled draw on

manufacturers from home and abroad. With 2,336 direct exhibitors and 39

additionally represented companies from 51 countries, including all market

leaders, DLG (Deutsche Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft – German Agricultural

Society) as organiser has reported a new record level.

The number of exhibitors is around one quarter higher than at the previous

record event two years ago. The exhibition area has also grown by an additional

six halls to altogether 16 halls and over 24 hectares.

Participation from other countriesThe strong growth in the number of exhibitors, with an extra 40 per cent by

comparison with the last event, is made up chiefly of international exhibitors.

Nearly half the exhibitors hail from outside Germany. The largest contingents of

the altogether 1,137 foreign companies come from the Netherlands (193

companies), France (139), China (97), Italy (90), Denmark (85), Spain (68), the

United Kingdom (64), Belgium (58) and Austria (57).

Dr. Reinhard Grandke, chief executive officer, DLG, said, “It is notable that

distinct increases in numbers have been registered from nearly all countries. DLG

understands the high level of international participation to be a distinct signal

for the increasing global alignment of companies and agribusiness with its

worldwide interlinking. The companies want to use the EuroTier platform

specifically for developing new markets.”

He added that the stand booking results are a clear confirmation of the

general assessment that good long-term prospects are forecast for agribusiness

on the grounds of expected global increases in demand for foods, especially for

meat, and for biomass made from agricultural raw materials.

“Manufacturers and suppliers of machinery and equipment, systems and

installations and farm inputs for professional animal husbandry are increasingly

orienting their innovation cycles to EuroTier in Hanover and showing their

innovations for the world market there. This is impressively corroborated by the

new record level of over 300 innovations submitted to EuroTier this year.”

A complete range of machinery and equipment, genetic resources, farm

inputs and services for cattle, pig and poultry husbandry will be presented

under a single roof.

On time for the trade fair, Farmer Automatic will be launching its new

brand design.

"We want to present ourselves at this important trade fair as what we are: an

innovative, traditional company from Laer which sets quality standards in the

poultry industry and drives product trends,” said Christian Dyckerhoff, chief

executive officer of Farmer Automatic.

On the spacious 300 m² trade fair stand, featuring a bright, modern design,

Farmer International is exhibiting ten systems for laying stock, chick and broiler

husbandry, including the new ‘combi pullet’ chick rearing system. Against this

backdrop, Farmer Automatic will also be celebrating its 50th anniversary.

DLG expects over 160,000 visitors this year from all over Germany and

mother countries. In addition, many specialists will be travelling from central

and eastern European countries, mainly from Poland, Russia, the Czech Republic,

Slovakia, Hungary, Ukraine and the Baltic countries. Far more advance enquiries

regarding visit to EuroTier 2012 have been received from the Middle East and

China than was the case two years ago, the organisers revealed.

FOLLOWING ITS SUCCESS in 2011, theVietstock 2012 Expo & Forum returned to theSaigon Exhibition & Convention Centrerecently."The International Exhibition on FeedLivestock and Meat Processing show -Vietstock 2012 was a good opportunity fordomestic and international businesses tointroduce the latest achievements, new trends,production management, and advancedinnovation in Livestock,” said Diep Kinh Tan,Vice Minister of Agriculture and RuralDevelopment Vietnam who inaugurated theevent.Showcasing over 250 exhibitors from 30countries, plus national pavilions from the UK,the US, the Netherlands, Singapore andChina, VIETSTOCK 2012 surpassed allprevious records and welcomed over 8,500visitors. "Due to the rapidly growing population inregion, urbanisation and sturdily globalpromotion for healthy lifestyle; the demand forlatest technology, management, innovationand equipment in livestock industry is urgently

needed. VIETSTOCK 2012 was a perfectspringboard for all industry players to take fulladvantage of opportunities to enhance thequality and safety of food in region, grow theirbusiness and learn from the experiences ofindustry experts and decision makers,” saidDr. Ahmad Mustaffa Babjee, chairman ofUnited Business Media (UBM) ASEAN.Richard Hickey, general director, ANDRITZFeed & Biofuel Asia said, “This is the sixth timethat ANDRITZ Feed & Biofuel has participatedin VIETSTOCK. We have found the event to bea great platform for industry players to expandtheir business opportunities and helps them

reach a large customer base and newmarkets.” Four international conferences and paneldiscussions ran concurrently with VIETSTOCK2012. Under the theme ‘Bio-security & FoodSafety’, the panel discussions provide aunique opportunity for industry players todiscuss and obtain effective solutions for theirbusiness. Organised under the theme ‘Improving FoodHygiene and Safety in Livestock Production’,VIETSTOCK 2012 enabled industryprofessionals, decision makers andconsumers, to collaborate and come up withsolutions to meet the demands of well-informed consumers.Sponsors and major international exhibitorsincluded ZhengChang, Muyang, Boehringer,Bayer, My Nong, P & N Agro, Andritz,Overseas Export Management, Stolz, BigHerdsman, Britsh Pig Association, GuangzhouHuanan, Betagro, Emivest, Holland Pig,International Nutrition, Buhler, Sumitomo, andmany more. All showcased their latestadvances, solutions and services.

250 exhibitors from 30 countries participatedin Vietstock 2012

Record number of manufacturers expected at EuroTier 2012

Latest innovations and trends showcased at Vietstock 2012

The spacious fair stand featuresa bright and modern design


Livestock


BILLIONS OF CHICKEN eggs are eaten across Asia every day butthe only eggs of value on the broiler breeder farms are thosewhich are fertile. Broiler breeder farms raise the parent birds

which produce fertilised eggs subsequently hatching into day old chicksdestined for broiler farms. These fertile eggs are never sold at markets,stores and shops and are not destined or meant for human consumption.

Male and female parents are separate genetic lines or breeds and thechicks they produce (the future broiler birds) are therefore hybrids.Because broilers are bred primarily for efficient meat productionincorporation of additionally important egg laying traits, essential at thebroiler breeding stage, can prove to be a challenge.

The fertile egg is the ‘golden egg’ of success for broiler breeder farmswith the condition (virility and fertility) of male birds being the ‘silverbullet’ to profitability. A range of genetic and environmental factors,including rearing and management practices, govern the attainment andmaintenance of the rooster’s (the male bird’s) performance in the flock ofbreeding birds.

The Silver BulletWhat does the male bird have to achieve in conjunction with the femalehen? Inside the female bird’s reproductive system the mature egg yolkleaves the ovary and within 20 minutes has been captured by theinfundibulum. The egg yolk is completely surrounded and enclosed bythe perivitelline membrane which has the germinal disc which is the site

and seat of fertilisation. The spermatozoa (sperm) produced andintroduced by the cockerel bind to the perivitelline membrane, make ahole and tunnel into the germinal disc.

It is here and now when the genetic material of the sperm fuses withthat of the female in the Fallopian tube causing embryonic developmentto begin. At least 30 spermatazoa must enter the egg near the germinaldisc to ensure a high probability of fertilisation, although at the end ofthe day only one sperm is necessary. After some 15 minutes the yolkleaves the infundibulum (whether fertilised or not) and passes down thefallopian tube and into the uterus.

Male broiler breeder managementAbsolute management and care of the potential male broiler breeder isessential from day one if the rooster is to eventually perform its one andonly but vital function – effective and efficient fertilisation of broiler

Male fertility key to broilerbreeding successA range of genetic and environmental factors govern the attainment and maintenance of therooster’s performance in the flock of breeding birds

Male and female parents are separate genetic lines or breeds and thechicks they produce (the future broiler birds) are therefore hybrids

S04 FEAG 5 2012 Livestock Poultry_Layout 1 30/10/2012 09:51

Livestock


breeder females to produce fertile eggs for theincubator and day old chicks for broiler farms.

The early growth period (0-12weeks)The level and nature of protein intake duringthe first 28 days of life of the male chick (thepotential male broiler breeder parent) has ahuge and lasting effect on its reproductivepotential in maturity.

During this early growth and developmentperiod a minimum intake of 200 g of protein isessential. Farms are recommended to carry outthe first segregation (grading) of birdsaccording to bodyweight (grading) at fiveweeks of age. After week 10 there is little orno benefit in grading because the skeletal sizeis already 85 per cent grown and completethus leaving minimal opportunity and scope forthe broiler breeding farm manager to exert anyfurther influence on skeletal size.

The male bird can actually produce up toone trillion sperm although in practice theactual number of mature sperm produced islimited by the number of sertoli cells containedin the testes. Sertoli cell division andproliferation happens when the birds arebetween 2-12 weeks but ceases abruptly afterthe 12 weeks of age point has passed. Morespecifically maximum potential spermproduction is established during first 8-10

weeks of age and any one factor inflictingunnecessary stress to the developing male atthis time will almost certainly interfere withproper development of these criticallyimportant testicular cells.

Within this early period of bird developmenta portion of the brain called the hypothalamustogether with the pituitary gland (the main andgoverning gland of the endocrine system) willbe establishing a critical hormonal relationshipwith the testes. These early stage events thathelp to establish the called ‘feed-back loop’ inthe bird’s brain/endocrine system are importantin establishing the settings that will regulatepituitary gland function over the entire life ofthe male bird.

Critical points and periods Even mild stresses responsible for weight lossor reduced intake of water may lead to a

complete and total shutdown of testes functionif they occur during critical stages ofdevelopment. Too severe feed restrictionbetween 6-8 weeks of age is one mistake thatcan interfere with the normal pattern of testesdevelopment, leading to reductions in size oftestis, sperm production and the maximumnumber of sperm that can be produced.

If you want to grow and raise roosterswhich are tall birds with few if any skeletalabnormalities, then you must provide yourmale broiler breeder birds with a good qualitystarter diet (20 per cent protein and 2,900kcal ME) during the first five weeks of their life.For underweight males (discovered at the firstgrading) this high density feed should becontinued for several more weeks becausemales in this initial inferior position andcondition respond poorly to developer rations.As a general rule of thumb, developer rations,which have a lower protein content and energyvalue, are introduced from Week 6 onwards.

Weeks 10 to 17 Once Week 10 is reached producers must takegreat care to ensure that they do not lose theimpetus in growth rate of their male broilerbreeder birds. From Week 15 onwards there israpid development of the testes and it isessential to ensure that the male bird’s normalgrowth profile is followed or else male fertilitywill be delayed or even lost. From Week 16onwards producers should stimulate their malebirds constantly with feed to maintain bodyweight and testes development to ensure theyattain standard body weight by the time theyare ready for photo-stimulation.

Weeks 18 to 30 One of the most important factors affectingtesticular development is the male birds’growth from photo-stimulation until full sexualmaturity at the end of the light stimulationperiod during Weeks 20-28. Males andfemales should normally be photo-stimulatedat the same time but males can be photo-stimulated 1-2 weeks earlier if their maturitylooks clearly behind that of females.

Week 30 onwardsDuring this period producers must take extracare to ensure male body weight does notspiral out of control. Body weight must bemore than 4.1 kg at the 30th week andapproximately 4.9 kg at depletion which isWeek 68. The goal for body weight differencebetween Week 20 to Week 40 should be closeto 500-600 g, the difference after Week 40(compared to Week 20) finishing at between800-900 g. By maintaining this type of growthcurve producers will promote sufficienttesticular development in their male birds while

During the early growth and development period a minimum intake of 200 g of protein is essential

The level and nature ofprotein intake during thefirst 28 days of life of themale chick has a lastingeffect on its reproductive

potential in maturity


keeping them in prime condition and activitylevel so that they are physically able to mate.

Hand evaluation of male breast condition isgood way of assessing overall body conditionand therefore its positive (or negative) effect onmale fertility. Producers should aim to maintainthe ‘V-shape’ breast in their male birds for aslong as possible with breast muscle tight inconsistency. An average peak feed allowanceof 150-170 g (14 per cent protein and 2750kcal ME) is generally enough to achieve thisand should be maintained throughout thebird’s life.

After Week 30 it is not uncommon toobserve some weak and depressed males inthe flock. These below par males should beseparated from the rest of the flock, providedadditional feed (+20 g/day) and vitamins andrested for at least 2-3 weeks before allowingthem to mate again.

Nutrition and feeding of malebroiler breedersResearch indicates how male broiler breedernutrition can improve the quality of spermproduced and specifically by reducing proteinlevels in feed rations down to 11-13 per cent.This helps to control body weight and breastmuscle growth. Research trials showed howVitamin E (tocopherol) at 200 mg/kg of feedrations elevated the number and viability ofsperm when supplemented in the diet ofstress- induced birds.

Both the composition of diet and level offeeding can have a significantly dramatic andlasting effect on fertility with both over andunderfeeding leading to loss of semenproduction. Dietary crude protein levelsmaintained at 9-10 per cent gave optimumsemen production and improved fertility by 2-3per cent.

Obesity in males is negatively correlatedwith high levels of semen production and moreimportantly with good mating activity. Obesityis mostly caused by generally overfeeding birds

but also by inclusion of excess of protein orenergy in the feed rations. Feeding high protein(16 per cent CP equivalent) most frequently

causes extra muscle growth and this itselfcauses problems with weight control. Underfedmales respond with reduced semenproduction.

Testes and semen Prior to maturity the testes are relatively smallat just 1-2 g each rising to 15-20 g at 18weeks. There is a close positive correlationbetween testes size and sperm production. Thehormone testosterone is produced by the testesunder regulation of gonadotrophins and overallcontrol of the breeding cycle is ultimatelydictated by the photoperiod.

Comb size is a sensitive indicator of thetestosterone level and so can be used toevaluate stage of maturity in the developingroosters.

Farms are recommended to carry out the first segregation of birds according to bodyweight atfive weeks of age

Livestock


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www.tpi-polytechniek.com‘s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands, +31 (0)73-656 91 94 ventilation

components

Obesity in males is mostlycaused by generally

overfeeding birds but alsoby inclusion of excess ofprotein or energy in thefeed. Underfed malesrespond with reduced

semen production


Livestock


THE EMERGING DISEASE early mortality syndrome (EMS) hascaused large losses among shrimp farmers in China, Vietnam,Malaysia and Thailand, the coordinator of the Aquatic Animal HealthProgramme, Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific EduardoM. Leaño revealed in the journal Global Aquaculture Advocate.

“Causing mass mortalities, its spread points to the need forincreased awareness and cooperative reporting,” said Leaño.

The Asia-Pacific region, the top producer of aquaculture productsin the world, is continuously beset by emerging aquatic animaldisease problems that can cause high mortalities and economiclosses among small farmers as well as commercial producers. Overthe last couple of decades, diseases such as white spot syndrome,yellowhead disease and Taura syndrome heavily impacted shrimpaquaculture in the region and caused the collapse of the Penaeusmonodon industry.

More recently, an emerging disease known as early mortalitysyndrome (EMS) – also termed acute hepatopancreatic necrosis

syndrome or AHPNS – caused significant losses among shrimpfarmers in China, Vietnam and Malaysia. It also reportedly affectedshrimp in the eastern Gulf of Thailand this year.

EMS is characterised by mass mortalities during the first 20 to 30days of culture in growout ponds. Clinical signs of the disease includeslow growth, corkscrew swimming, loose shells and pale coloration.Affected shrimp consistently show abnormal shrunken, small,swollen or discolored hepatopancreases.

In China, the occurrence of EMS in 2009 was initially ignored bymost farmers. But in 2011, outbreaks became more serious,especially at farms with more than five years of culture history andthose close to the sea using very saline water. Shrimp farming inHainan, Guangdong, Fujian and Guangxi suffered almost 80 per centlosses during the first half of 2011.

In Vietnam, the disease has been observed since 2010, but themost widespread devastation due to EMS has been reported sinceMarch 2011 in the Mekong Delta in southern Vietnam. EMS affectsthe main shrimp production areas of Tien Gang, Ben Tre, Kien Giang,Soc Trang, Bac Lieu and Ca Mau provinces, and a total shrimp pondarea of around 98,000 ha.

In Malaysia, EMS was first reported in mid-2010 in the east coaststates of Pahang and Johor.

Identifying the primary cause of EMS is important, but until thisinformation is available, increased awareness and preparednessshould be implemented by all shrimp-producing countries in theregion. Concerned experts, officials and regulatory bodies shouldformulate ways to prevent the spread and/or occurrence of thisdisease, says Leaño.Leaño advises that farmers should cooperate with the concernedagencies by promptly reporting any suspected mortalities amongcultured shrimp that display signs of EMS. It is also important thathistological examinations be carried out to confirm that suspectedoccurrences fit the EMS/AHPNS case definition.EMS has caused losses among shrimp farmers in China, Vietnam,

Malaysia and Thailand

Early mortality syndrome threatens Asia’s shrimp farms

Sperm takes around 15 days to formwith a typical rooster’s semen containing 5billion sperm cells/ml. Fertilising potentialof roosters will vary even within the sameclosely monitored flock and once maturity isreached then a well-managed andmaintained male bird will produce 35,000sperm/second.

Daily sperm production is typically 100million/g of testes weight. Sperm productionis generally constant regardless of mating orcollection frequency, although higher matingfrequency automatically means there will beless sperm available to ejaculate, and ifejaculation doesn’t occur over a 2-3 dayperiod any sperm stored in the vas deferenswill be absorbed.

Testicular functionHeat stress (HS) will generally reduce spermvitality and male fertility by adverselyaffecting the performance of binding proteinson the surface of the sperm cells surfacewhich are necessary for binding to oviductalepithelium before transport to the site of

fertilisation. Heat stress has serious negativeeffects on testicular function, semenconsistency, spermatozoa concentration andseminal volume

Testes weight is more closely correlatedwith body size than level of dietary protein.In chickens each testes weights between 9-30 g at sexual maturity depending on thebreed which translates at around 1 per centof the total body weight

High viscosity and white colouration areindicators of good quality semen with a highconcentration of spermatozoa, while semenwith a watery appearance will generallyhave a low sperm count. Research hasshowed how broiler breeder malesejaculating five times per week produce thehighest total number of sperm perejaculation.

Feed formulation summaryCorrect feed formulation underpins therearing of top-rate broiler breeders, whethermale or female. The feeding programmeadopted during the rearing period goes on to

have a lasting effect right through to andduring the production phase. The three mostcommon mistakes in feeding during therearing period are: inconsistent feeding,overfeeding, and underfeeding.

Overfeeding results in obesity of theflock, mating problems and poor eggshellquality. Underfeeding in the early rearingperiod leads to a decrease of frame size,short shanks, lower uniformity and adecrease in male dominance, leading in turnto a decrease in fertility, a decrease in eggproduction and an increase in mortality rateand culls.

Inconsistent feeding causes fluctuationin body reserves, and problems withfleshing and uniformity, which leads to adecrease in production and inaccurate anderroneous management. Inconsistentfeeding means producers are constantlysecond-guessing feed requirements byincreasing or reducing feed providedaccording to the bird’s weight. nn

By Dr Terry Mabbett


Livestock


IT USED TO be one of the most lucrativeagribusiness in the country but theUS$420mn tuna industry in the Philippines

is now threatened with dwindling catch andstiffer health regulations with importingcountries.

During the gathering of stakeholders heldlast year in Manado, Indonesia, Marferino Tan,president of the SOCCKSARGEN (SouthCotabato, Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Saranganiand General Santos City) Federation of Fishingand Allied Industry (SFFAI) admits the industryis now “in the vicinity of US$294mn andcould continue to plunge because of certainfactors such as climate change that affectsboth the quantity and quality of the catch.”

Because of tuna’s rapid decrease not juston local waters but also on the internationalseas, the Western and Central Pacific FisheriesCommission (WCFPC) – to which thePhilippines is a member – have imposed a banon tuna fishing which further aggravated thesituation. The ban was justifiable, according tothe Commission, as a forecast of at least 10per cent in global tuna catch has beenestimated in the next three years and theprohibition may reduce by a minimum of 30per cent from the 2001-2004 average catch.Tan said the daily fish in the year 2000, whenthe industry was at its peak, was placed at300 to 500 tonnes but has been significantlyreduced by 30 per cent in recent years. Thedecline of tuna catch also meant thedisplacement of more than 40,000 fishermenout of the 150,000 who are directly andindirectly involved in the tuna industry, hesaid. The value of tuna exports on the otherhand dropped to 8.14 per cent in 2010 fromthe 2009 data at US$359.38mn.

Stricter health rules by the European Union,which accounts for half of the Philippine tunaexports, would inflict a gaping wound to theindustry.

Agriculture Secretary Proceso Alcalaurgently called tuna fishing companies to gointo research and development to produce

better fish and prawn strains that are resistantto diseases and would not succumb toinfections.

‘Environmentally harmful’ means of tunafishing such as fish aggregating device (FAD)may also result to losing the country’s lucrativemarkets of Canada and the United Kingdom.According to global environment groupGreenpeace, many global markets for tuna arenow demanding fish caught using sustainablemethods as these countries are cognizant ofthe recent critical phase of tuna in the oceans.The group said certain areas in the Pacifichave been closed to FAD for the past threeyears as a result of the conservation measurestaken by the WCFPC in response to the declinein the bigeye and yellowfin tuna stocks.Unfortunately, the Philippines – the secondlargest canned tuna producer in the Westernand Central Pacific Ocean next to Thailand andthe third largest tuna supplier in the world –islobbying to reverse these conservationmeasures.

Although there’s no action yet from theWCFPC, Greenpeace is hoping that Filipinotuna fishers would realise FAD’s allegeddestructive results to the marine environmentas the valuable bigeye tuna is now overfishedand yellowfin, skipjack and albacore tunas areall in decline and that “WCFPC is also partly to

blame because it failed to follow its scientificdevice of reducing tuna catches.”

High and dry? The province of General Santos is the country’stuna hub because of its proximity to the tuna-rich fishing grounds of the Moro Gulf, SuluSea, Mindanao Sea and Celebes Sea. As theprovince is not often visited by devastatingtyphoons and its availability of facilities suchas wharves, canneries and an airport, GeneralSantos City is called the ‘Tuna Capital of thePhilippines’.

But because of the ban, the province isnow experiencing production problems thathave not been experienced by fishers before. Ina data provided by the Philippine FisheriesDevelopment Authority, the total tuna landingof city’s port complex dropped by 21 per centfrom 143,138 tonnes in 2010 to 112,891.81tonnes last year. The volume of landings inmature yellowfin tuna has been on the declinefrom 33,369 tonnes in 2007 to a mere9,061.13 tonnes in 2011. According toGeneral Santos-based journalist EdwardEspejo, the 2011 landing is an indication thatmore than 90 per cent of raw materials for thecity’s six canning plants have been sourcedfrom abroad (74.7 per cent at 53,010.04tonnes) or from Manila (16.6 per cent at

The Philippine tuna sector:A sunset industry? Decline in numbers, strictregulations from importingcountries and climate changeare some of the factorsaffecting the business

The valuable bigeye tuna is now overfished and yellowfin,skipjack and albacore tunas are all in decline

S05 FEAG 5 2012 Livestock Poultry 2_Layout 1 30/10/2012 09:53

Livestock


11,796.11 tonnes). For this reason, Espejo says tuna players have cometo terms that unless conservation measures are instituted, tuna catch willcontinue to decline which could pose serious problems for the country.

Despite the ongoing fishing ban, Tan believes that this could helpreplenish their stocks as the areas covered by the ban lie in one of thestrategic migratory paths of tuna and tuna-like species will be closed tocommercial fishing. However, city officials are appealing to lift the banand allow medium size purse seiners (or medium size boats) to fish inthe high seas off Palau, Micronesia, Papua New Guinea and Indonesiawhere Filipino fishermen are often “caught” in the territorial waters.Authorities say the ban has impacted the province’s economy and of theentire tuna industry where employees are composed of fisherfolks.

But commercial fleets are also affected by the ban. According toGeneral Santos City’s local government, around 160 fishing vessels wereforced to recall their operations that significantly reduced fishingexpeditions by commercial tuna fishers. Adding to the woes is theincreasing prices of fuel which grounded both small and big fishingfleets. In order for the industry to be sustainable, Tan said the Philippinefishing vessel should be reduced to not more than fifty which was largelyprotested by fishers. Tan said the government should set aside at leastUS$28.47mn to cushion the impact of reduced fishing vessels. Herevealed that some operators have already sold their super seinersbecause of increased production costs.

According to Espejo, as local tuna production began to decline,canning plants have been cutting production hours by a third, from theusual 24/7. Operations are now at two production shifts and sometimesjust once a day. Despite the declining Philippine catch, Filipino cannedtuna exporters seem to have not been affected as they were able to putup canneries in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.

But the government admits that it is high time stakeholders have toexplore ways to diversify. Agriculture Secretary Proceso Alcala said

industry players must look into a number of prospects that can bepursued such as shifting into aquaculture or mariculture or plantingmangroves in the coastal waters to counter the impact of decliningmarine fish volume.

Espejo says that even key players in General Santos haveacknowledged that the industry might be facing a long term crisis due tocontinuous increase of production costs, depleting marine habitat andglobal economic meltdown. Espejo reveals that out of 10 families inGeneral Santos during the industry’s heydays which spanned from1960s to early 2000, only three are left and even the likes of Tan whoowned one of the biggest commercial fleets went outside the fishingbusiness as the “glory days of tuna might be over”.

Nevertheless, industry players are hoping that given mitigationmeasures plus the right policy moves, the Philippine tuna industry mightstill recapture its lost crown. nn

By Gemma Delmo

Many global markets for tuna are now demanding fish caught using sustainable methods

A MAJOR INTERNATIONAL initiative has been launched to betterunderstand the role of aquaculture in food security in poor countries.Bringing together a global alliance of development agencies,governments and universities, the initiative will help low-income food-deficit countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America to develop sustainablepolicies for improving the livelihoods of millions of poor people.The European Union (EU) is funding the three-year project, which ismanaged by FAO in partnership with a global alliance of 20development agencies, governments and universities.Fish is the primary source of protein for 17 per cent of the world'spopulation – nearly 25 per cent in low-income food-deficit countries.Fish is also a good source of omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids

benefit the heart and brain development of healthy people, and those athigh risk or who have cardiovascular disease. Nearly 50 per cent of thefish eaten now comes from aquaculture.Although aquaculture is widely regarded to play a pivotal role in fightinghunger, little is known about its exact impact on food and nutritionsecurity and poverty alleviation in developing countries.Given population growth projections, increasing demands for fishproducts with stable production of capture fisheries, aquaculture willneed to expand to meet the future demand for fish.

Impact on food securityThe new partnership represents the world's regions where aquacultureplays a major role and supports the livelihoods of millions of small-scalefish farmers. It also includes key institutions with a strong expertise inresearch, development project implementation and dissemination.The project – Aquaculture for Food Security, Poverty Alleviation andNutrition – will develop new ways to quantify the contribution ofaquaculture with better tools and more systematic and quantitativeassessments. Moreover, it will elaborate strategies for improving theimpact of aquaculture on food and nutrition security and povertyalleviation."The project will work closely with fish farming communities and willfocus on field research in many major aquaculture countries in thedeveloping world. It will develop tools and methodologies to help keypartners to develop policies geared to improving aquaculture'scontribution to food and nutrition security," said Rohana Subasinghe,senior FAO expert on aquaculture and coordinator of the project.

Global partnership to promote aquaculture in fighting hunger

Initiative will help low-income food deficit countries


WITH THE DEMAND for food to nourish the world’s growing population

increasing, companies want their manufacturing processes to become more

efficient and effective. As partner in modular process storage solutions,

Belgium’s SCE or Silo Construction and Engineering’s range of rectangular steel

storage bins help increase operational efficiency by saving time and energy.

“Tightly integrated within any process, more and more companies choose to

expand their storage capacity with SCE bins,” said a company official.

Because SCE bins are rectangular, they are consequently far less wasteful

of space. On the same surface one can store 27 per cent more in a rectangular

silo than in a cylindrical one. Since its structures are self-supporting it is

possible to incorporate machine floor, control room, warehousing, etc within

the overall framework.

This cannot be done with a battery of cylindrical silos where extra expense

has to be incurred to construct a separate building for this purpose. As the silos

are integrated during the production process their construction can limit the use

of expensive bucket elevators and conveyors.

Bins made by SCE are designed and constructed for the storage of both

granular and powdered products.


Livestock

A NEW STUDY at Aarhus University

on fermented liquid feed for pigs

has found that this form of feeding

has potential to becoming widely

used worldwide.

“Feeding liquid feed to pigs is

gaining foothold in agriculture. This is

largely because this type of feed

seems to benefit pig health. But more

knowledge is needed in the area,”

concludes the two scientists from

Aarhus University, Nuria Canibe and

Bent Borg Jensen, who have

published an article that reviews the

research on liquid feeding.

"Fermentation can be a method of

improving the nutritional value of

feed ingredients," said senior

scientist Nuria Canibe.

In the article the scientists discuss

the microbial and nutritional

characteristics of liquid feed during

fermentation and strategies to

improve these, and the importance of

fermented feed for gut health in pigs.

A KOREAN-AMERICA STUDY has

revealed that a combination of green

tea and probiotics can help pigs gain

weight, improve meat composition,

blood parameters and immunity in

pigs. The mixture could be used as an

alternative to antibiotics for growing-

finishing pig feeds.

The study was carried out at the

Sunchon National University, South

Korea and the University of

Missouri, USA.

The study was conducted to

evaluate the effects of green tea by-

product and green tea plus probiotics

on the growth performance, carcass

characteristics, meat quality, blood

parameters and immunity of growing–

finishing pigs. In total, 80 crossbreed

growing pigs were assigned to receive

four dietary treatments for a period of

eight weeks. The dietary treatments

were a basal diet (control), basal diet

supplemented with 0.003 per cent

chlortetracycline (antibiotic), basal

diet with 0.5 per cent green tea by-

product and basal diet containing 0.5

per cent green tea plus probiotics.

The results of the study indicated

that bodyweight gain increased in

response to the addition of green tea

plus probiotics to the basal diet. Crude

protein and crude ash content, and

shear values of loin meat were

significantly increased in the green

tea plus probiotics group, although

moisture and juiciness were

decreased. The group fed green tea by-

products had higher serum glucose

concentrations, whereas the green tea

plus probiotics group exhibited

lower insulin

concentrations.

The values of

thiobarbituric acid-

reactive substances

of fresh loin meat

and meat that had

been preserved for

one week were lower in

the green tea plus

probiotics group than those of

the control and green tea byproduct

groups. The growth of spleen cells

incubated in concanavalin A (Con A)

and lipopolysaccharide medium was

statistically higher for the green tea

plus probiotics group than for the

green tea by-product group or

antibiotic group. IL-6 and TNF-

production by spleen cells induced by

Con A and LPS was increased in the

green tea by-product group and green

tea plus probiotics group compared

with the antibiotic group.

Green tea can help pigs gain weight ‘Liquid pig feedhas potential’

SCE bins for modular solutions

Mixture of green tea and probioticscan be an alternative to antibiotics

Smooth wallbins - interior


Livestock


RESPIRATORY DISEASE REPRESENTS asignificant threat to poultry flocks. Strictadherence to good management

practices throughout the poultry operation,especially the watering system, is the only waypoultry producers can reduce the impact ofrespiratory disease on their flocks and profits.

If the birds are showing signs of infection, aproducer can respond with medication. But alltoo often, the birds exhibit no signs of infectionother than underperformance. Respiratorydisease is not a single virus or bacteria; itgenerally is a complex of both, makingprevention and treatment far more complicated.

Even though farmers are vaccinating mostflocks, respiratory lesions still turn up atslaughter on a regular basis; and these defectshurt weight gain and carcass quality.

The US Department of Agriculture reported,"As we enter the 21st century, the single mostimportant issue for poultry farmers will be howto lessen the direct and indirect cost ofdisease. A threshold has been reached wherepoultry farmers will have to either producemore birds to overcome the current cost ofdisease or produce the same amount of birdsat a lesser cost with value-added diseasecontrol measures."

The primary culprit in respiratory disease isammonia, which is a result of moisturereacting with poultry droppings in the litter.Ammonia destroys the cilia (hair like projectsthat trap dust and other particles) in thechicken's trachea. This leads to erosion of thetracheal lining.

The irritated tracheal lining is moresusceptible to infection by viruses or bacteria,and this can cause additional destruction ofthe trachea. Finally, an E. coli bacterium fromthe litter gets into the trachea and the birddevelops airsacculitis.

It makes sense, then, that you can reducethe incidence of respiratory disease bycontrolling ammonia in the poultry house. Onestrategy for controlling ammonia is to keep thelitter dry; a second is to remove ammonia withventilation. Ziggity recommends a combinationof the two.

Because of its makeup, litter in a poultrybarn will always contain a certain amount ofmoisture, most of which comes from the birds

themselves. Birds retain only about 30 per centof the water they drink. About 20 per cent goesinto the air as the birds exhale, and they excretethe remaining 50 per cent in their feces.

While some moisture in the litter isinevitable, farmers should strive to keep themoisture content to a minimum - about 20 to25 per cent. This will keep the litter friable.

The following are some tips on how to keepthe litter dry:

Prevent leaky drinkers. Establish a regularprogramme of high pressure flushing for thewatering system. This will remove biofilm andsediment buildups that can clog drinkers andcause them to leak. Ziggity recommends usinga hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner to scrub theinterior of the water pipes before flushing.

Also, when you determine a drinker isleaking, replace it immediately.

Have adequate ventilation, summer andwinter. Another reason for wet litter isinadequate ventilation to dry the litter andmove the moisture out of the poultry barn. Inwarm weather, it makes sense to ventilate thebarn. The air movement helps keep the birdscool, as well as removing moisture from thebarn. In cooler weather, you’ll find it necessaryto heat the barn, not only to protect the birdsfrom cold, but also to continue the evaporationprocess. Too often, farmers will attempt to savemoney by cutting back on heating. Researchby University of Georgia poultry scientists

shows, however, that the money saved on fuelis far outweighed by the money lost onunderperforming birds as a result of elevatedlitter moisture and ammonia levels.

During the drinking process, birds can onlyretain a certain amount of water in their beaks.If more water discharges from the drinker thanwhat the bird can retain, the oversupply spillsonto the litter. The key to achieving the correctpressure settings for your system is to takelitter readings. Again, strive for friable litter.

Many farmers use their watering system tovaccinate their flocks against respiratorydisease. If you do, it is a good procedure toflush the water lines about 24 hours prior tovaccination to remove any biofilm andsediment in the lines. Then immediately afterthe vaccination, flush the lines again. This willremove any nutrients in the lines left over fromthe stock vaccine solution. Also, be sure thatwhen you administer the vaccine, the lines arefully charged with the vaccine solution. If theyare not, you will have birds drinking plainwater instead of the vaccine.

Respiratory disease is a serious threat tothe poultry industry. Each year, it determinesfor many producers the difference betweenmaking a profit and suffering a loss. The bestway to combat respiratory disease is to fightammonia in the poultry barn. nn

Ziggity Systems, Inc.

Since the main culprit in respiratory disease is ammonia – a result of moisture reacting withpoultry droppings – farmers should strive to keep moisture content to a minimum

A clean barn significant forrespiratory disease control

Adherence to good practices during poultry operation can reduce the impactof respiratory disease on the flock


Crops


TREE CROPS IN the wet and humidtropics are continually vulnerable todisease and long term crop loss. Virtually

all the major tree crops including coffee, cocoa,tea, citrus, mango and avocado are evergreentrees which means that leaves, providing theyremain healthy, have life span measured inyears rather than months. Even rubber (Heveabrasiliensis), which is actually a deciduoustree, behaves like an evergreen with its periodof leaf fall often lasting only a week before newleaves appear. Evergreen leaves, on the tree forlong periods of time, are continually open toinfection and invasion by fungal diseases andthus require long lasting protection fromprotectant fungicide deposits which can resistthe all-round effects of tropical weathering.

Many tropical tree crops like cocoa andmango tend to produce new foliage in distinctand copious leaf flushes in response toseasonal changes related to alternating wetand dry seasons. This rush and flush of youngleaves, lacking cuticle and wax bloomprotection, is exceptionally vulnerable to fungalpathogens and foliar disease. Growth andexpansion rates of newly emerged leaves andnewly-set fruits are rapid with acorrespondingly dynamic surface area requiring

complete protection. Moreover, high levels of intense tropical

rainfall and accompanying high humidityprovide the ideal conditions for infection,disease development and spread, whileexerting high weathering and erosive pressureson protectant fungicide deposits on leaf andfruit surfaces.

Overall requirement is for the application ofprotectant fungicide using spray techniquesthat target the most vulnerable areas of thecanopy and using formulations which providetenacious fungicide deposits that are resistantto the erosive effects of tropical rainfall.Treatments must be applied at a dose andfrequency that will ensure high enoughfungicidally active deposits are maintainedthroughout the entire disease-susceptibleperiod.

Protectant copper fungicidesProtectant fungicides do exactly what theirname says by forming a protective deposit overleaf and fruit surfaces to kill germinating fungalspores. As such they must be in place as arain-resistant initial deposit before the sporesalight on the leaf or fruit surface. These arepurely contact fungicides. They do not enter

the leaf and are therefore unable to eradicateestablished infections in the same way assystemically-acting curative fungicides.

Copper fungicides are still the most widelyand intensively used protectant fungicides fortree crop disease control in the tropics, havingundergone continuous evolutionary change anddevelopment in formulation technology andspray application technique over the last 100plus years.

The contemporary copper containingproducts are the particulate fixed copperfungicides, so called because they arecomposed of discrete particles with the copperfixed in what are essentially insoluble(sparingly soluble) salts of elemental metalliccopper. The three main proprietary fixedcopper fungicides are copper oxychloride,cupric hydroxide and cuprous oxide.

Pre-eminence of cuprous oxideOn a gram for gram basis, cuprous oxidecontains the most active copper and istherefore the most efficacious (on a weight forweight basis). The molecular weight* ofcuprous oxide [Cu2 0] is 143.00 with 127.00(88 per cent) of this accounted for by the massof two copper atoms. The equivalent figure for

Protectant copper fungicidestill first for tropical treesCopper fungicides are the most widely used protectant fungicides for tree crop disease controlin the tropics, having undergone continuous development in formulation technology and sprayapplication technique over the last 100 plus years

Failure to protect leaves and fruits by spraying copper fungi-cide will invariably lead to anthracnose and stem end rot in-fections after the fruit is picked (Picture Dr Terry Mabbett)

Close-up showing stem end rot and anthracnoseinfections ‘eating into’ the flesh of the mangofruit (Picture Dr Terry Mabbett)

S06 FEAG 5 2012 Crops 1_Layout 1 30/10/2012 09:55

cupric hydroxide [Cu(OH)2] is 63.5/97.5 (65per cent) and for copper oxychloride[3Cu(OH)2 .CuCl2] is 381.00/696.00 (55 percent), respectively. Therefore on gram for grambasis cuprous oxide contains around 20-25per cent more fungicidal capacity than cuprichydroxide and copper oxychloride.*Calculations made using the atomic weightsof Copper (Cu) – 63.5; Oxygen (O) – 16;Hydrogen (H) – 1; Chlorine (Cl) – 35.

Particle size distribution of the formulationplays a crucial role in deposit tenacity andweathering resistance over and above anyinherent high tenacity of cuprous oxide as afixed copper fungicide. For instance, cuprousoxide manufactured by Nordox (Oslo, Norway)has all particles within the 1µm to 5µmdiameter range (80 per cent less than 2µm

and 99 per cent less than 5µm) to give anunrivalled particle-size profile.

The high surface area to mass ratio of verysmall particles maximises their adhesion tocrop plant surfaces making removal by growthmovements or weathering more difficult. Largerparticles (3-4µm) are more likely to be blownoff plant surfaces by air movements (wind),physically dislodged by plant growthmovements or washed off by rainfall.

Rain simulation studies carried out in theNetherlands using a rainfall intensity of10mm/hour recorded significantly superiordeposit retention for Nordox cuprous oxide overcupric hydroxide and copper oxychloride. Themedian particle size of the cuprous oxide was1µm which was significantly smaller than 3µmfor the other fixed copper fungicides.

Spray timing and placementCitrus and mango are two classic examples oftropical fruit tree crops that undergo markedfoliar (leaf) flushing at particular times of theyear in response to seasonal changes duringthe transitional from dry to wet season. Largeflushes of new leaves are soft and remain sountil fully expanded with formation of a thickwaxy cuticle and covering wax bloom.

During this period the young citrus leavesare highly susceptible to infection by a group offungal pathogens including Mycosphaerellacitri (greasy spot), Elsinoe fawcetti (sour orangescab) and Diaporthe citri. Not only do thesediseases have the capacity to completelydestroy new leaf growth but in some cases,such as sour orange scab, provide the ‘stagingpost’ and inoculum (spores) for subsequentinfection of the young developing fruit.

Citrus trees must be sprayed and protectedas they begin to flush using repeated sprayapplications as necessary to compensate fordeposit dilution through leaf expansion and theloss of deposit through erosive effects of rainfall.

Gloeosporium limetticola (wither-tip of lime)is a perennial problem on new leaf flushes oflime trees. The disease sets back growth anddistorts the growth pattern and normal longterm canopy shape of lime trees. Trees respondto loss of the first foliar flushes with abnormalbursts of growth that subsequently destroy thenormal tree canopy shape.

Citrus fruit bearing a well-distributed spray deposit ofred cuprous oxide (Picture Trond Kristiansen, Nordox)

Crops


Undersides of coffee leaves showing the effect of cuprous oxide spray on thecontrol of coffee leaf rust. Top leaf with many orange coffee leaf rust pustuleshas not been sprayed. Bottom leaf with very few rust pustules has beensprayed with cuprous oxide (Picture Trond Kristiansen, Nordox)

Robusta coffee shown here can suffer severelosses from coffee leaf rust and other leafand fruit diseases unless protected withsprays of copper fungicide especially duringthe wet season (Picture Dr Terry Mabbett)


Colletotrichum gloeosporioides(anthracnose), the major disease of mango,hits new flushes of pendulous pink colouredmango leaves before moving on to infect theblossom and newly formed fruit. Anthracnoseis carried right through to fruit maturity oftenas latent infections which only start to showand spread post-harvest with serious losses offruit during the pre-marketing storage period.Long term sustainable control of anthracnoseof mango requires a season-long programme ofcopper fungicide sprays starting with the newleaf flushes and continued through to the pre-harvest period.

Cocoa undergoes even more vigorous andsustained foliar flushing but it is the fruit(cocoa pods) which is the disease susceptibleplant part. The most universal and damagingdisease is black pod (Phytophthora pod rot)caused by several Phytophthora speciesincluding P. palmivora. Pods at all stages ofdevelopment are susceptible to Phytophthorapod rot, from the tiny ‘cherelles’ formed on theflower cushions to full ripe pods ready forharvest. Infection of flower cushions can leadto Phytophthora stem canker of the bark andwood which can kill the tree.

Black pod of cocoa is probably the mostdemanding disease of the hot wet tropicswhere farmers can face total crop loss in theabsence of a rigorously applied programme ofcopper fungicide sprays starting before thestart of the rainy season.Good spray coverage is critical. These foliarfungal diseases develop most readily rightinside the tree canopy where leaves take along time to dry out after rainfall and aredifficult to cover with spray. The abaxial (lower)

surface of the leaf is invariably moresusceptible to infection because it lacks thewaxy cuticle which covers the adaxial (upper)surface of the leaf, and because it is wheremost if not all the stomata (leaf pores) arefound. The abaxial (lower) surface of a leafstays wetter for longer after rainfall because itis shielded from direct rays of the sun.

Tree crops infected by fungi which can onlyenter the leaf through the stomata andexclusively on the (abaxial) lower surface ofthe leaf present the most critically difficulttargets for spray application. Classic examplesare coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) andcitrus greasy spot (Mycosphaeralla citri) whichnot surprisingly are two of the most difficult tocontrol diseases of tropical tree crops.

Potential problems and challengespresented by such pathogens, and related tospray coverage requirements, can beovercome by using air-assisted sprayers likelow volume knapsack mistblowers and hand-held ULV (ultra-low volume) atomisers. Treecanopies are surrounded by a layer of still airwhich acts as a barrier to the deposition ofspray droplets without sufficient force andmomentum to ‘break through’. Spray dropletsdelivered by an air-assisted sprayer arepreceded by the leading edge of the airstream which flips the leaves in the outershell of the canopy.

This allows droplets to penetrate thecanopy and be deposited right inside. By

flipping the leaves upwards, the undersides areexposed to incoming spray droplets which aredeposited on this surface, exactly where theyneed to be. They prevent spores belonging tothe coffee leaf rust pathogen and the citrusgreasy spot pathogen from germinating andentering the stomata.

One factor not sufficiently allowed for whencalculating spray application doses andfrequencies is the dilution of initial fungicidedeposit by the increase in size and thereforesurface area of young leaves and fruits on theirway to full size and maturity. If a leaf receivesspray on the day after emergence but not againfor three weeks by which time it has increased10 fold in surface area, then the initialfungicide deposit will have been automaticallyreduced by a factor of 10 (on a µg/cm2 basis)even without any loss from weathering.

Protectant fungicide sprays should beapplied at a sufficiently high dosage to bufferthese effects of deposit dilution and be appliedsufficiently frequently so that all new leavesreceive spray at least once after the mainperiod of leaf growth. The same premiseapplies for young developing fruit. Researchshows how the initial fungicide deposit onyoung citrus fruits can be reduced up to afactor of 15 simply through increase in sizeand surface area of the fruit from normalgrowth rates. nn

By Dr Terry Mabbett

Crops


Tender new leaf flushes of cocoa and youngpods which are vulnerable to Phytophthorapod rot unless sprayed with copper fungicide

Growing and developing avocado fruits require longterm protection from sprays of copper fungicide toprevent latent anthracnose infections which growand spread quickly once the fruit is picked (PictureTrond Kristiansen, Nordox)


WHEAT EXPERTS HAVE reported a breakthrough in their ability to trackthe crop fungus Ug99 and related strains of mutating wheat pathogen‘stem rust’ that threatens wheat fields from East Africa to South AsiaThe global monitoring system ‘Rust Tracker’ was unveiled recently totrack the spread of stem rusts, at the 2012 Borlaug Global Rust Initiative(BGRI) Technical Workshop in China.With the data submitted by farmers and scientists from fields andlaboratories, the creators of the ‘Rust-Tracker’ say they now canmonitor an unprecedented 42mn ha of wheat in 27 developingcountries in the path of a windborne disease so virulent it could turn ahealthy field of wheat into a black mass of twisted stems and dried-upgrains. "Wheat rusts are global travellers with no respect for politicalboundaries, and it is highly likely that some of the virulent new strainsrelated to Ug99 will eventually be carried across the Middle East and

Central Asia and into the breadbaskets of Pakistan, China and India,"said Dave Hodson, developer of Rust-Tracker and a scientist with theInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)."Effective control often depends on finding out what is happening indistant regions, and the Rust-Tracker can help scientists assess thestatus of stem rust and other rust diseases, not only in their owncountries, but also in neighboring countries."At the start of a four-day symposium, scientists reported significantprogress with developing and introducing 20 new varieties of rust-resistant wheat over the last few years. Seed for the new varieties isbeing deployed and multiplied in eight frontline nations to produceenough seed for farmers to plant to prevent massive crop loss in caseof an epidemic. But the experts in Beijing warned that wheat fields in asignificant number of countries remain largely unprotected from thedangerous pathogen."The research being presented at this meeting takes us significantlycloser to our goal of protecting the global wheat crop from rustdiseases," said Ronnie Coffman, principal investigator and director ofthe Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat Project and vice chair of BGRI."But the vast wheat-growing region that stretches across North Africaand Central Asia all the way to the gateway to China – the world'slargest wheat-growing nation – is still vulnerable."An estimated 85 per cent of wheat now in production, including mostwheat grown in the Americas, Asia and Africa, is susceptible to Ug99and its variants. For now, however, only the original mutation, Ug99, hasbeen found outside of Africa - in Yemen and Iran.

Crops


THE BORLAUG GLOBAL Rust Initiative (BGRI) has

recognised five members of Nepal Agricultural

Research Council with the first annual BGRI Gene

Stewardship Award.

The scientists are Madan Bhatta, Sarala

Sharma, Dhruba B Thapa, Nutan Gautam and

Deepak Bhandari.

The BGRI Gene Stewardship Award recognises a

researcher or team of researchers serving a national

breeding programme or other national institutions.

Award recipients demonstrate excellence in the

development, multiplication and/or release of rust

resistant wheat varieties through appropriate

means that encourage diversity and complexity of

resistance, promote durability of materials and help

implement BGRI’s goal of responsible gene

deployment and stewardship.

“The BGRI encourages the use of durable, long-

lasting Ug99 resistant varieties,” Sarah Evanega,

associate director of Durable Rust Resistance in

Wheat project, and adjunct professor of plant

breeding at Cornell University said.

“Despite limited resources, the Nepali team has

deployed such varieties. In addition to durable

resistance, they also offer higher yields than

existing varieties. This is the kind of wheat farmers

want to grow,” she added.

In the fast-moving battle against the Ug99 stem

rust fungus, wheat varieties that rely only on one

line of defence can be quickly overcome by the

rapidly evolving Ug99 pathogen.

Since Ug99 was discovered in Uganda in 1999,

eight different mutations have been identified and

each one of these new races is able to overcome

different combinations of resistance genes. It takes

much longer for breeders to develop and test new

varieties than it does for Ug99 to mutate. So, to

achieve any long-lasting defence, breeders are

encouraged to release new varieties that do not rely

on a single major gene for resistance. Combinations

of multiple major and/or multiple minor resistance

genes can slow down Ug99’s predations. The Nepal

research team has released three such varieties:

Vijay meaning “victory”, Francolin 1, and Danphe 1.

These varieties also offer resistance to other rust

diseases, including leaf and stripe rust. Nepal is now

fully prepared to face the possible arrival of stem

rust Ug99 because the resistant varieties are

already in the farmers’ fields.

Madan Bhatta of the Nepal team said, “The

Nepali wheat team feels honoured to receive the

prestigious BGRI Gene Stewardship Award 2012.

“This award has great significance as it is in the

name of Noble Laureate Dr Norman Borlaug, who

fought against world hunger. Dr Borlaug’s

example inspires us to fight against deadly

wheat rusts.”

Five members of Nepal AgriculturalResearch Council with the first annualBGRI Gene Stewardship Award

New monitoring system to track wheat fungus in 27 countries

Nepal scientists recognised for fight against wheat rust

Global monitoring system‘Rust Tracker’ will track the

spread of stem rusts



Crops

DNA TECHNIQUES ARE being used to analyse

genes in rice in pioneering research which

aims to develop a new variety of the grain with

greater health benefits.

University of Aberdeen scientists are

leading the rice study and experts behind the

four-year project – funded by the

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences

Research Council (BBSRC) – say they hope

their work could improve the lives of millions

worldwide, by putting better quality rice in the

mouths of more people.

Professor Andrew Meharg, a biogeochemist

at the University of Aberdeen, and one of the

leads on the study which involves collaborators

from Lancaster, Bangladesh, India and the

Philippines, said, “We will be employing one of the

most pioneering developments in plant science -

genome sequencing of plants. In fact we will be

using the very same equipment and chemistry that

is used to sequence genes in the human body, to

analyse genes within rice.

“Our work is focused on Bangladesh, where rice

accounts for 70 per cent of the population’s

calorific intake. We plan to sequence the genes of

300 varieties of rice from the country and

surrounding Indian states. What we will be looking

for are markers in each of those individual rice

types which can be associated with a positive trait

we wish to measure. For example those that can be

attributed to providing a greater yield of the crop or

higher levels of zinc. One important trait we will

focus on is lower levels of grain arsenic. Arsenic,

which is a poison to humans, is taken up by the

crop from ground water during the growth process

and can sometimes occur at high levels in rice.

“If we can identify the genes responsible in

rice for these positive traits then we can

improve crops more rapidly and accurately and

ultimately develop a new type of rice which

has greater benefits for the world’s

population.”

The study will also test a technique

developed by the International Rice Research

Institute (IRRI), which aims to reduce the

amount of water currently required in the

process of rice production.

Dr Adam Price, from the University of

Aberdeen’s School of Biological Sciences,

explained: “Rice is relied upon as a staple part

of the majority of the world’s diet, yet the process

involved in growing this crop is accountable for a

massive drain on the world’s water resources.

“A mammoth 2,500 litres amount of water is

required to produce just 1kg of rice. We will be

testing a technique developed by IRRI called

alternative wetting and drying where the crop is

flooded and then dried out for 10 to 15 days. Our

focus will be to analyse the major benefits we

believe to be aligned with this technique, to assess

whether it provides the answer to making rice

production a more sustainable option in the future.”

ARYSTA LIFESCIENCE HAS signed an agreement with Bayer CropScience for

the global licensing and sale of fluoxastrobin, Bayer’s patented strobilurin

fungicide. Under the agreement, Arysta LifeScience will gain exclusive

access to fluoxastrobin for all crop and non-crop applications except seed

treatment and certain proprietary Bayer mixtures.

In 2005, Arysta

LifeScience first

licensed fluoxastrobin

from Bayer for

development in the

USA, Canada and

Japan. Arysta

LifeScience has

successfully launched

and marketed two

brand families

(DISARM and EVITO

fungicides) based on

the active ingredient.

Arysta LifeScience now

intends to build on that success by both leveraging existing products and

developing new fluoxastrobin products in all six of its business units around

the world.

“Fluoxastrobin is a very versatile fungicide and a valuable tool for

growers,” said Paula Pinto, head of global marketing, Arysta LifeScience. “It

provides broad-spectrum disease control and has demonstrated excellent

plant health properties. We intend to develop fluoxastrobin for use in a wide

range of crops including corn, soybeans, wheat, potatoes, vegetables,

sugarcane, pome fruit and turfgrass.”

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We offer 2nd hand refurbishedmachines and new process machines.Anything in the Poultry, red meat, dairy,

fish, Bakery, packaging machines

‘DNA’ sequencing to create new rice variety with greater health benefits

Arysta signs pact with Bayer tolicense fluoxastrobin fungicide

Wayne Hewett, president and CEO, ArystaLifeScience and Dr Rudiger Scheitza, memberof Bayer CropScience Executive Committee

Study also investigating the reduction of waterrequired in rice production


Crops


WHEN STORING GRAINS, the mainenemies to conquer are fungi(moulds). Respiration may, in certain

cases, contribute to a loss of dry matter duringgrain storage. However, the losses due torespiration are minor compared to thosecaused by living organisms. Losses caused byfungi in cereal grains are related to: • A decrease in germination,• Discoloration of the seed,• Heating and mustiness,• Biochemical changes,• Possible production of toxins, and• Loss in dry matter.

All these changes may occur without themoulds becoming visible to the naked eye.

Storage moulds are prevalent in storagefacilities when the grain moisture content is toolow for field moulds (less than about 20 percent). The moisture and temperaturerequirements of these moulds determine thesafe storage period. By controlling moisturecontent and temperature, mould growth isrestricted and grain can be dried withoutsignificant spoilage. Mechanical damage to

grain and the amount of foreign material alsoaffects allowable storage time. Clean grain andwhole seeds are more resistant to mould.

For long-term storage, grain should be driedas soon as possible after it comes from thefield. A delay in drying decreases the allowablestorage time. However, the average moisturecontent throughout the grain bin does notdetermine how long cereal grains can bestored. Spoilage may occur at isolated locationsin the bin where grain moisture is high.

Grain temperature, moisturemigrationImproper control of the temperature inside thebin causes moisture to move or migrate fromone part of the grain mass to another, wherethe moisture can accumulate and cause grainspoilage problems.

Although moisture migration problems canoccur at any time, grain temperatures varyconsiderably. The difference in temperature startsair moving down the bin wall and toward thecentre of the bin. As the air moves through thegrain it becomes warmer and begins to pick upmoisture from the grain. When the warm moist

air hits the cool upper surface of the grain,condensation occurs. In the spring the problemis reversed. Warming action from the sun on theoutside of the bin causes moisture currents tomove up and into the bin. Condensation thenoccurs on the bottom of the bin.

Heated air grain dryingWhenever aeration or natural air drying fails toadequately condition grain for storage, aheated air dryer may be incorporated into theharvesting storage system. Compared tonatural air drying, the heated air dryingabsorbs more moisture from the grain thusdrying the grain faster. Over-drying of a cerealgrain however, reduces the weight of grain thatwill be sold as less water is being sold. Also, itis more expensive in terms of energy costs.These costs must be balanced against howlong the wheat has to be safely stored andunder what storage conditions. Some factorsshould be considered for drying cereal grain: -Low temperatures should be used if the grainis to be stored for 6 months or more. - Thedamper the grain, the longer the dryingprocess. Low temperatures should be used. -Lower temperatures should be used in dryerswhich do not mix or circulate the grain.Because excessive heat can damage cerealgrain and reduce their ability to germinate,maximum safe air temperatures must not beexceeded.

Solar dryingSpreading out a thin layer of grain in the sun isa form of solar drying that has been practisedfor many years all over the world and is stillbeing carried out in many tropical countries.The main disadvantages of this system are thatthere is uncertainty of success due to variableweather and a non uniform grain quality. Tocircumvent these problems associated withtraditional sun drying while still directly usingthe energy emitted by the sun, solar collectorshave been applied in conjunction with a fan, aduct system and a bin in which grain is driedand stored

The main objective of proper grain storage is to maintain the quality and characteristics that thegrain possessed immediately after harvesting and drying. The quality of grain cannot beimproved during storage. Grain improperly harvested and dried will remain of low quality nomatter how well it is stored

Fighting fungi in grain storagepreserves cereal quality

The quality of grain cannot be improved during storage.



Aerate for temperature controlModern grain management uses aeration to control grain temperatureand to reduce moisture variations. Aeration forces air through the graineither continuously or intermittently. Aeration is not a grain drying systemand should not be used as one.

Grain drying or re-wetting is usually insignificant during grainaeration, because the cooling (or warming) front moves through the grainabout 50 times faster than a drying or wetting front.

Grain can be tempered (cooled or warmed) by either negative orpositive aeration systems. With either system, a tempering zone movesthrough the grain. The movement of the tempering zone completelythrough the grain is one cooling or warming cycle. Once a cycle hadbeen started, operate the fan continuously until the zone movescompletely through the grain. The time required to complete each cycledepends almost entirely on the aeration airflow rate. In a positivepressure system, the tempering zone starts at the bottom of the bin andmoves up.

Aeration air flow ratesAirflow rates for aeration are normally 1-2 litres of air per second per cubicmetre of grain.

The bin floor should be 15per cent perforated (minimum). Grain putinto the bin should be within 1per cent of dry. Screen the grain to reduceforeign material and fines as they increase resistance to air flow andreduce total airflow. Level the top of the grain to promote uniform air flowthrough the grain mass. Operate the fan long enough to complete a cycle(cooling or warming).

Fan operationAerating of the grain depends on the season and during which period itshould be stored.

Check the grain periodically and run the fan during cool, fair weatherwhen the outside temperature is lower than the grain temperature. If thereare any signs of heating or hot spots, no matter what the season or theweather, run the fan continuously until no heating can be detected.

Consider installing temperature sensing units in large grain storages.Temperature sensors accurately trace the progress of aeration cooling orwarming cycles. They help identify hot spots within the grain mass.

Managing fines in storageBroken grain and foreign material, or fines, can create two problems instored grain, particularly when they accumulate in pockets. First, brokenkernels are more susceptible to spoilage than unbroken ones. Secondly,

airflow from aeration fans tends to go around pocketsof fines so they cool more slowly. The pockets oftendevelop into hot spots that result in spoiled grain.

Serious efforts should be made to reduce the finesproduced by harvesting, drying and handling, ratherthan trying to resolve storage problems later. Threegrain storage management techniques that reduce theproblem from fines are as follows:• Use a grain spreader to minimise the concentration

of fines in storage.• Clean the grain before binning to improve storability.• Remove grain from the centre a few times during

filling to remove accumulated fines.

Insect controlInsect infestations in storage can come from grainresidues in combines, handling equipment, and fromold grain left in storage. Correctly drying, aerating andmanaging stored grain will minimise the risk of insect

infestation and damage. Insect activity goes with moisture accumulationand grain heating.

Look for insect activity on every storage visit. If an insect problem isnoted, fumigate with a liquid, solid or gas grain fumigant in storage or asthe grain is being turned. Fumigants are toxic and must be applied withproper safety precautions and equipment. Each fumigation job isdifferent; hire a professional applicator. nn

By Dick Ziggers

The fungus Aspergillus parasiticuscan cause harmful aflatoxin in grain

Crops



Feed & Grain Buyers’ Guide

Feed & Grain Buyers’GuideSection One - Listings by categories Section Two - List of suppliers Section Three - Contact details of agents in Asia

2 0 21PLEASE MENTION FAR EASTERN AGRICULTURE

WHEN CONTACTING YOUR SUPPLIERS

Section One

Section Two

SUPPLIERS

Almex b.v.PO Box 150, Zutphen, 7200The NetherlandsTel: +31 575 572666Fax: +31 575 572727Web: www.almex.nlE-mail: [email protected]

We are a family owned, independent company sinceearly 1970s.Almex single screw extruders and Contivar Expandersare in use worldwide at fishfeed, oil extraction,petfood, animal feed plants, the food industry andthe processing and chemical industries.The robust, basically simple design of the Almexequipment guarantees years of trouble free service.ALMEX Extruders and Contivar Expanders are used for:Extrusion-cookingPre-extraction processesDensifyingConditioning prior to other processesExpanded feed productionFormingCooking-formingSemi-moistH.T-S.T. processesCo-extrusionsYou are kindly invited to visit www.almex.nl for moreinformation.

Awila Anlagenbau GmbHDillen 1, Lastrup, 49688, GermanyTel: +49 4472 8920Fax: +49 4472 892220Web: www.awila.deE-mail: [email protected]

Delacon Phytogenic Feed AdditivesWeissenwolffstr 14Steyregg, 4221, AustriaTel: +43 732 6405310Fax: +43 732 640533Web: www.delacon.comE-mail: [email protected]

DELACON is the first phytogenic feed additives producerin the world to obtain scientific validation on the safetyand efficacy of its products. EFSA investigated FRESTA Ffor use as feed additive for weaned piglets, and foundthe product both safe and effective. Delacon pioneeredthe development, production and sales of phytogenicfeed additives for farm animals and has maintained itsposition as market leader since it was established in1988. AROMEX , FRESTA , BIOSTRONG and RUMEX arethoroughly tested, and distributed by subsidiarycompanies and distributors in over 30 countries aroundthe globe.Agents: Malaysia - Delacon Regional Office Asia Pacific

Diamond EngineeringShirehill Industrial EstateSaffron Walden, EssexEngland CB11 3AQUnited KingdomTel: +44 844 8541731Fax: +44 844 8541732Web: www.diamond-engineering.co.uk

Eurofeed Technologies S.r.l.Via L. Einaudi, 12 Loc BettolinoBrandico (BS), 25030, ItalyTel: +39 030 6864682/9973064Fax: +39 030 6866560Web: www.eurofeed.itE-mail: [email protected]

Eurofeed Technologies S.r.l is an Italian Company thatproduces and trades feed additives all over the world.We are GMP+Certified.Eurofeed Technologie’s portfolio includes thefollowing additives as Acidifiers, Antioxidants,Antimicrobials, Aromas, Mould Inhibitors, MycotoxinBiners, Natural Diarrhea Preventions, NutraceuticalFeed Supplements, Pellet Binders, Trace MineralChelateds, Vegetable Protein Concentrate.

Format International Ltd.Format HousePoole RoadWoking, SurreyGU21 6DYUKTel: +44 1483 726081Fax: +44 1483 722827Web: www.formatinternational.comE-mail: [email protected]: Korea - Easy Bio KoreaMalaysia - 3N VitelandPhilippines - Easy Bio Phils Inc.Vietnam - Biomin Vietnam Co. Ltd.

Griffin Industries LLC4221 Alexandria PikeCold SpringKY 41076, USATel: +1 859 7812010Fax: +1 589 5722575Web: www.griffinind.comE-mail: [email protected]

Intraco Ltd. NVMeir 24, Antwerpen2000, BelgiumTel: +32 3 2269850Fax: +32 3 2269852Web: www.intraco.beE-mail: [email protected]

S.R.L.

Additives and Raw Materials

Amino AcidsEurofeed Technologies S.r.l.Intraco Ltd. NVFats & OilsGriffin Industries LLCKiotechagilFeed EnzymesKiotechagilMilk ProductsNeolaitMineralsEurofeed Technologies S.r.l.Intraco Ltd. NVNeolaitUnipoint AG

Mold & MycotoxinControl ProductsEurofeed Technologies S.r.l.KiotechagilNeolaitUnipoint AGPhytogenic FeedAdditivesDelacon Phytogenic FeedAdditivesPremixesEurofeed Technologies S.r.l.Intraco Ltd. NVNeolaitProtein ProductsEurofeed Technologies S.r.l.Griffin Industries LLCIntraco Ltd. NVSpecialty IngredientsKiotechagil

VitaminsIntraco Ltd. NVNeolait

Automation and Control

Computer Software -Formulation, RationOptimization &ModellingFormat International Ltd.Computer Software -AutomationOttevanger Milling Engineers

LogisticsBulk StorageSCE nv Silo Construction & EngineeringOttevanger Milling Engineers

ConveyersSKA S.r.l. ItalyScalesSKA S.r.l. Italy

Machinery andEquipment

BaggingAwila Anlagenbau GmbHConditionersAlmex b.v.Awila Anlagenbau GmbHCookersAlmex b.v.CoolersAlmex b.v.Awila Anlagenbau GmbHDryersAlmex b.v.

ExpandersAlmex b.v.ExtrudersAlmex b.v.FeedersAlmex b.v.SKA S.r.l. ItalyHammer MillsAwila Anlagenbau GmbHOttevanger Milling EngineersMixers & BlendersOttevanger Milling EngineersPelleting EquipmentAwila Anlagenbau GmbH

Safety andEnvironment

Feed & FeedstuffsSafety TestingSCE nv Silo Construction & EngineeringWater SystemsSKA S.r.l. Italy

ServicesConstructionSCE nv Silo Construction & EngineeringTurnkey ProjectsAwila Anlagenbau GmbHSCE nv Silo Construction & EngineeringSKA S.r.l. ItalyOttevanger Milling Engineers

S08 FEAG 5 2012 FEED Buyers Guide_Layout 1 30/10/2012 09:58



Schaumann Agri International GmbH Tel. + 49 41 01 / 2 18 53 00 · Fax + 49 41 01 / 2 18 53 99 [email protected] · www.schaumann.info

The micro-encapsulated probiotic Product formulations for diff erent applications:

- as micropellets - for administration with the drinking water (WA) - for spraying post-pelleting (PPA)

Tested for safety and effi cacy GMO-free Bio-certifi ed

EU-wide registration

HealthyNaturalProbioticProtecure has been proved as an innovative and eff ective alternative for safeguarding the performance of farm animals.For sows, piglets, fattening pigs and broilers; contains the highly effective lactic acid bacterial strain Enterococcus faecium (DSM 7134) 13 –16th November 2012

Hannover · Germany

See us at hall 16, stand A04

KiotechagilManton Wood Enterprise ParkWorksopNottinghamS80 2RSUnited KingdomTel: +44 1909 537387Fax: +44 1909 478919Web: www.kiotechagil.comE-mail: [email protected]

LUBING Maschinenfabrik GmbH &Co. KGLubingstraße 6, Barnstorf49406GermanyTel: +49 54 4298790Fax: +49 54 42987933Web: www.lubing.deE-mail: [email protected]: China - LUBING System Engineering (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd.India - LUBING India Pvt. Ltd.Indonesia - PT. Charoen Pokphand IndonesiaJapan - Hytem Co. Ltd.Malaysia - Tong Seh Industries Supply Sdn BhdPakistan - Ample Trade ImpexThailand - KSP Equipment Co. Ltd.Vietnam - DONG A Material-Veterinary Jsc

Machines 4 FoodUnit 40, Second AvenueWestfield Trading EstateMidsomer Norton, RadstockBA3 4BHUnited KingdomTel: +44 1761 410345Fax: +44 1761 410332Web: www.machines4food.co.ukE-mail: [email protected]

Merck Animal HealthPO Box 31, Boxmeer, 5830The NetherlandsTel: +31 485 587600Fax: +31 485 577333Web: www.merck-animal-health.com

NeolaitBP n° 1, Yffiniac, 22120, FranceTel: +33 296 638250Fax: +33 296 638252Web: www.neolait.comE-mail: [email protected]

OlmixZA du Haut du Bois, Brehan56580, FranceTel: +33 2 97388103Fax: +33 2 97388658Web: www.olmix.comE-mail: [email protected]: China - Olmix BeijingVietnam - Olmix Vietnam

Ottevanger Milling EngineersMoerkapelse Zijde 322751 DL, Moerkapelle, HollandTel: +31 79 5932221Fax: +31 79 5931147Web: www.ottevanger.comE-mail: [email protected]

SCE nv Silo Construction & EngineeringIndustrielaan 17AIndustriezone Kwakkel, Zone C2 8810 Lichtervelde, Lichtervelde8810, BelgiumTel: +32 51 723128Fax: +32 51 725350

Web: www.sce.beE-mail: [email protected]

SCE, Silo Construction and Engineering, of Belgium isa worldwide partner and specialist in design,production and assembly of rectangular modularprocess silos.The demand for food to nourish the world’s growingpopulation is increasing continually.As partner in modular process storage solutions, SCEwants to help food & feed producing companies tobecome more efficient and effective.The modular SCE bins are innovative, compact andfast to assemble. Our short lead times are the resultof our experience in project management: in-houseengineering, a well-keened production process andcare for quality.SCE earned its merits in the feed industry and hassuccessfully expanded to other sectors such as petfood, aqua feed, rice, coffee and cocoa. SCE has builtmodular square bins all over the world. In SE Asia SCEhas references in Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia.

Schaumann Agri International GmbHAn der Mühlenau 4, Pinneberg25421, GermanyTel: +49 4101 2185300Fax: +49 4101 2185399Web: www.schaumann.infoE-mail: [email protected]: China - Schaumann Agri Trading (Shanghai)Company LimitedKorea - Morningbio Co. Ltd.Taiwan - Brewster Nutritional Technology Inc

SEC Inc.PO Box 546, Dallas, Georgia30132, USATel: +1 770 4456085Fax: +1 770 4439058E-mail: [email protected]

SKA S.r.l. ItalyVia Agosta 3, Sandrigo (VI)36066, ItalyTel: +39 44 4659700Fax: +39 44 4659322Web: www.ska.itE-mail: [email protected] the Italian specialist in the production of poultry

floor systems and pig equipment since 1954.Aviary systems:

• With chain feeding, drinking, perches, eggmanure belt : for rearing

• With chain feeding, drinking, perches, egg manurebelt, egg collection belt, nests: egg layers .

Automatic feeding systems:• by chain : for breeders, commercial layers and pullets.• pan feeders by auger : for breeders, broilers,

cockerels, commercial layers, ducks, guineafowls, quails and turkeys.

• cross auger : diameter • 45mm • 50mm• 63mm• 75mm• 90mm• 125mm

Nest system:• automatic communal nest galvanised or wooden :

for breeders and commercial layers • polypropylene slats : for heavy and light breed

commercial layers and ducks.• semiautomatic and manual nest

Drinking system:• nipples with or without cup• round drinkers• linear drinkers for turkeys

Ventilation and cooling system:• fans, pad cooling and cooling system with nozzle

Tunnels TE or TI12:• Prefabricated tunnel house • Galvanized steel structure• Width : 9 - 10 - 12 m• Length : by request

Prefabricated housesPrefabricated Mobile Houses


ChinaLUBING System Engineering (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd.Song Ming Industrial ParkGongming Town Guangming DistShenzhen City, Guangdong Province518106Tel: +86 75 527411888Fax: +86 75 527411124Web: www.lubcn.comE-mail: [email protected]

Olmix BeijingRm Bei 206, Yinhai Dasha, No Jia 10Zhongguancun Nan Street, 100081Tel: +86 10 62158713Fax: +86 10 62158712

Schaumann Agri Trading (Shanghai)Company LimitedRoom 2603, 325 Tian Yao Qiao RoadGateway International PlazaShanghai, 200030Tel: +86 21 33632585Fax: +86 21 33632586Web: www.schaumann.cnE-mail: [email protected]

IndiaLUBING India Pvt. Ltd.271/P/B, Ingawale Patil Estate,Bhugaon, Pune, Maharastra, 411042Tel: +91 20 22952404/22952405Fax: +91 9890996030Web: www.lubingindia.comE-mail: [email protected]

IndonesiaPT. Charoen Pokphand IndonesiaJl Raya Serang Km 30Balaraja, Tangerang, 15610Tel: +62 21 64701200Fax: +62 21 64700968Web: www.lubing.comE-mail: [email protected]

JapanHytem Co. Ltd.2-10 Techno Plaza, Kakamigahara City, Gifu, 509-0109Tel: +81 58 3850505Fax: +81 58 3851230Web: www.hytem.comE-mail: [email protected]

KoreaEasy Bio Korea#3th. Union Center 831-11Yoksam Dong, Kangnam Gu, SeoulTel: +82 2 5019988E-mail: [email protected]

Morningbio Co. Ltd.# Seemi B/D, 1731 Doojung-dongCheonan, Chungnam, 330-210Tel: +82 41 5780604Fax: +82 41 5780605Web: www.morningbio.co.kr

Malaysia3N Viteland46 Jalan Perdagangan16 Taman University IndustrialPark, Taman UniversitySkuda Johor Bahru, Johor, 81300Tel: +60 7 5206798E-mail: [email protected]

Delacon Regional Office Asia PacificC/o 37, Jalan Bukit Mewah 2Taman Bukit Mewah, KajangSelangor, 43000Tel: +60 12 2026991Fax: +60 38 7338786Web: www.delacon.comE-mail: [email protected]

Tong Seh Industries Supply Sdn BhdLot 780, Block A, Jalan Sungai PutusOff Jalan Kapar 3 3/4 MilesKlang, Selangor, 42100Tel: +60 3 32916958Fax: +60 3 32915198

Web: www.tongseh.com.myE-mail: [email protected]

PakistanAmple Trade ImpexOffice 3-4, 2nd Floor, Sarjah Centre62 - Shadman MarketTel: +92 42 7584400Fax: +92 42 7532102Web: www.lubing.comE-mail: [email protected]

PhilippinesEasy Bio Phils Inc.Unit 1609 West Tower, Phil. StockExchange Center, Exchange RoadOrtigas Center, Pasig City, 1605Tel: +63 2 6354692E-mail: [email protected]

TaiwanBrewster Nutritional Technology IncTel: +886 4 23785839E-mail: [email protected]

ThailandKSP Equipment Co. Ltd.100 MU3 Suksawad Soi 76Suksawad Road, PrapadaengSamutprakarn, 10130Tel: +66 28 176410Fax: +66 28 176439Web: www.lubing.comE-mail: [email protected]

VietnamBiomin Vietnam Co. Ltd.Duong Xa, Gia Lam, HanoiTel: +84 4 8765632E-mail: [email protected]

DONG A Material-Veterinary Jsc62, Ho Tung MauCaudien, Tuliem, HanoiTel: +84 4 37632583Fax: +84 4 37632602Web: www.dmvjsc.comE-mail: [email protected]

Olmix Vietnam14C12 Hoa Lan StreetWard 2, Phu Nhuan DistrictHo Chi Minh CityTel: + 84 8 35172098Fax: + 84 8 35172163



AGENTSSection Three

DAILY RFID, A producer andmanufacturer of RFID readersand tags in China, hasreleased RFID UHF animal eartag-03 suitable for using inmedium size livestock toimprove the efficiency of radio-frequency identification (RFID)cattle tracking. Operating at afrequency range of 860 to 960MHz for global use, this UHFRFID ear tag provides longreading range of up to 5metres to allow ranchers toverify individual livestockquickly and decrease theproblem of cattle losing orfeeding mistakes.Compliant with ISO 18000-6BU-CODE protocol, this passiveRFID UHF animal ear tag-03can help ranchers identify andrecord each cattle for its wholegrowth cycle. And afterassigning each cattle with aunique ID number from the eartag, the UHF animal ear tag canbe detected by a reader within3 to 5 metres.With the chips sealed insidethe polyurethane housing, theUHF animal ear tag has anIP68 protection rating andhas a data retention of up toten years. That is to say, whenthe animal tag is attached tothe cattle’s ear, it can provideindividual animalidentification, such asanimal’s feeding, location,vaccination history, etc.

New RFID tag forcattle tracking

Technical SystemsPO Box 757, Sanlamhof, 7532South AfricaTel: +27 21 9499191Fax: +27 21 9499195E-mail: [email protected]

Unipoint AGKlinofeed, Gewerbestrasse 2Ossingen, 8475SwitzerlandTel: +41 52 3052041Fax: +41 52 3052042


EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT IS essential for future pig breeding, which is why Nedap says it is introducing

Velos. A new control system, specially developed for and with pig breeders, Nedap Velos offers an

independently-functioning platform that can be combined with various components.

‘By allowing individual animal management on large scale farms, higher production results per

animal are achieved’, said a statement by the company.

The Nedap Velos sow feeding stations are based on individual feed supply in an efficient and

effective way.

Velos stations identifies sows, determines the amount of feed and composition required and doses

the feed automatically. It adjusts feed volumes to the gestation phase, the sow’s condition, the seasons

and the sow’s feeding capacity. It informs whether the sow has eaten the feed. It also automatically

doses water to aid the consumption of the feed. Velos does not require (repeat) input for predictable

events, but requests confirmation of recorded facts.

NEW HOLLAND AGRICULTURE showcased its innovative Braud 9080L – the first grapeharvester to be presented in the country – at the CIAME Show 2012 held recently at theInternational Exhibition Center in Shenyang, Northeast of China.The CIAME, China International Agricultural Machinery Exhibition, is one of the largestinternational agricultural machinery show in Asia“The ingenious Braud 9080L, a self-propelled grape harvester, offers Chinese growersunequalled opportunities to develop their business in a sustainable way, maximisingproductivity and delivering the highest harvest quality while benefiting from cost efficiencyand operator comfort,” a statement from the company said.New Holland grape harvesters are complemented by a full range of agricultural equipment,from tractors and combine harvesters to till balers and hay and forage tools, to serve anycustomer's requirement.The Braud 9080L is part of the New Holland Braud 9000L Series, which comprises fourmodels to suit medium, large, and extra large vineyards' needs.

The 9000L Series rangesfrom 141hp to 175hp, with 4-or 6-cylinder displacementand common rail electronicengines developed by FPTIndustrial, a sister companythat is also a part of FiatIndustrial. The Braud 9000L Seriesmodels are designed to carryout vineyard operations allyear round, from pre-pruningto grape harvesting. Thepicking head can be easilycoupled and uncoupled byone person without specialtools, while the front carriercan be fitted quickly withimplements, includingtrimmer, pre-pruner, leaf-remover or spraying

implements to meet the multifunction expectations of grape growers in every season.The cabs are suspended, soundproofed, ventilated, pressurised, waterproof, heated and air-conditioned. The narrow steering column increases the visibility while the seat providesoperators with first-class comfort, allowing them to face even the longest harvesting dayswith full peace-of-mind.The Intelliview™ III in-cab touch screen monitor can display and set up all the machinefunctions by means of several customisable pages. Fully ISO BUS compatible, it can beused to operate a range of multifunction equipment and sprayers. This eliminates the needfor a separate control and reduces the time to switch between jobs.

New Holland unveils Braud 9080L in China


Braud 9080L is a self-propelledgrape harvester

Nedap offers new control system with Velos


FANCOM LAUNCHED THE SmartFix liquid feeding system withthe new F78 computer to the Chinese market recently at the VIVChina show. The F78 is a mix of ease, reliability and flexibility - and pigproducers can use it to perfectly control the complete feedingprocess from silo to trough, informed an official from Fancom.The F78controls theentire processof the FullFixand SmartFixliquid feedsystems, fromdosing in thei n g r e d i e n t sand mixingright up todosing out thefeed accordingto the pre-set feed curve in the right portions. A remarkable feature of the new F78 is the user-friendlycomputer operation via FarmManager. The user can follow,manage and analyse the entire feeding process on the computeron the clear user screens. The result - time savings and a lighterwork load.The link to FarmManager makes the F78 a component of theintegrated Fancom automated solutions for pig houses. Togetherwith the climate computer and the animal weighing system pigfarmers have control over the processes in the house and theoperational processes. The system saves time and helps farmers to keep the cost priceof feed and the production results under control.

Equipment


WITH ITS NEW LEXION 700 series, CLAAS isintroducing the world's first combine harvestermodel series which continuously andautomatically adjusts to the harvest conditions.

In 2010, CLAAS introduced CEMOS(CLAAS Electronic Machine OptimisationSystem) for its LEXION combine harvesters.This operator assistance system helps toimprove combine harvesting performance byguiding the operator to the optimal machinesettings through adjustment suggestions.However, the operator must request thesesuggestions actively and must actively acceptor reject them. The system is, thus, a system ofdialogue between operator and machine.

The CEMOS AUTOMATIC system in thenew LEXION promises to bring a revolution incombine harvesting as the first fully automaticadjustment system for separation andcleaning, Claas said in a statement. Incombination with the GPS PILOT, automaticsteering system, and CRUISE PILOTthroughput controller, CLAAS machines canperform almost fully automatic grain harvestingwith top performance in the areas of

throughput, grain quality, grain cleanliness,minimal fuel consumption, and ease ofoperation.

The new CEMOS Automatic system usesnumerous sensors to monitor a wide variety ofthe parameters of the combine harvester withsplit-second accuracy and immediately adjuststhe settings to the current conditions - fullyautomatically. A statement by the companymakes a distinction between two systems:CEMOS Auto Separation optimises residual

grain separation by adjusting the parametersfor rotor speed and rotor cover plate position.CEMOS Auto Cleaning regulates the cleaningprocess via the parameters for blower speedas well as upper and lower sieve opening.

CEMOS Automatic is based on the familiarCEMOS system and the Automatic variantretains the same dialogue function. Theautomatic functions are displayed on the CEBISterminal. These are always activated at the plantbut can be shut off by accessing CEBISMOBILE. Furthermore, CEMOS AutoSeparation and CEMOS Auto Cleaning can beswitched on and off separately. In CEMOSAutomatic, the operator can choose betweenfour optimisation strategies: these are ‘maximumthroughput’, e.g. if the harvesting window is verytight or if the weather conditions are morefavourable; minimum fuel consumption; highthreshing quality; and finally, balanced,combining the three aforementioned basicsettings. On initial preproduction machines,using the ‘maximum throughput’ operatingstrategy in CEMOS AUTOMATIC resulted inoutput improvements of up to 20 per cent.

THE LEGAL AMENDMENTS for sow managements have led tostormy discussions about the wellbeing of animals. Amongst others,one of the topics was concerned with more space to enable morefreedom of movement for sows in farrowing pens. In somecountries, like for example in Austria, farmers will in futureeven be obliged by law in this respect.

In order to provide a solution to this, WEDA Dammann andWesterkamp from Lutten have developed an easy to operatefreedom-of-movement and motion pen for sows. This ergonomicversion of the full-service providers for pig managements combinesproven standard elements with a new locking mechanism into auser-friendly result.

The operators will be able to open and lock the side-wall of thesow’s pen with only one hand without requiring great effort orcomplicating installation procedures. This way, the animals will havemore freedom of movement with just one touch. The door flapconstruction is free from wear and tear so that no costs occur dueto the procuring of replacement parts or service activities.Regardless of different floors and unit sizes, - the WEDA system isuniversally applicable.

WEDA has developedmotion pen for sows

New Lexion 700 series gets the CEMOS advantage

Fancom launches SmartFix feed systemWEDA pen offers more movement

CEMOS AUTOMATIC system in the new LEXION will help in combine harvesting

Fancom’s new F78 liquid feed computer

S09 FEAG 5 2012 Equipment_Layout 1 30/10/2012 10:03

SCE

Silo Construction & Engineering

throughsmart storage SCE is a world-class provider for :

feed & food industries •

machine & plant designers •

Modular square bins

SCE nv - BelgiumSCE nv - BelgiumPhone +32- 51-72 31 28

[email protected]

THE NEW PRODUCT HP 800 Booster, a

supplement from Hamlet Protein, combines the

best from soya with yeast and in three feeding

tests the product improves feed intake.

“Almost every litter of piglets has its

challenged piglets – small, underweight and in

need of special care. Runts, weaklings, low-

weight and early weaned piglets have some

catching up to do. HP 800 Booster from Hamlet

Protein is a gentle soya-yeast supplement for

piglet feed - developed specially to boost the

feed intake of challenged piglets for faster,

healthy growth,” said a company statement.

With litter sizes increasing, average birth

weight is in decline, and that means even

smaller piglets than in the past. So, when

introduced to the first feed, these challenged

piglets need a high intake of extra, gentle

nutrition to help them catch up with the others

in size and strength.

Three Danish feeding tests show that HP

800 Booster improves feed intake. In the

feeding tests, challenged piglets had a higher

feed intake from feed supplemented with HP

800 Booster than with the already high-

performing protein source HP 300.


Equipment

FRENCH MANUFACTURER PICHON’S solid manure spreaders willnow feature a spinning deck on all models from 12 to 24 m3.

This new system, built upon the idea of deflectors, fits onto the rearframe of all Muck Master range. It enables even and wide spreadingwhile minimising wind resistance onto manure.

This spinning deck is particularly designed to spread lightmaterials such as dry manure, compost at low rate (less than 10T/hectare).

Made in two parts that are hydraulically controlled, each sidedeflector can be used independently while spreading traditionally nearhedges or roads. It can also used as a full rear protection on the road.

Two small left and right deflectors located at the bottom part adjustspreading width. The manure is crushed and crumbled by the highdiameter beaters and drops it into the spinning discs. Specific bladesare fitted onto the discs, to get an accurate application from 15 to 20metre width.

PICHON’s solid manure spreaderswill feature a spinning deck

DRINKING, CONVEYOR AND climatesystems provider Lubing has developeda unit to clean conveyor chains for eggtransportation. The ultrasonic cleaningprocess works with hot water and theaddition of cleaning liquid. In doing so,the unit removes dirt and therefore themedium for bacteria and fungusinfestations from the entire conveyorchain safely and reliably.‘The cleaning unit can be integrated intoan existing conveying system’, reveals astatement by the company.A permanently installed deflection unitfor the bottom chain in the conveyor isrequired for this purpose. The cleaningunit is suitable for stationary or mobile use.The deflection unit immerses the bottom chain in the cleaning basinand then the cleaning basin is filled with water. The integrated heateris switched on and heats the water to the adjusted temperaturewhich is approximately 80°C. Once this temperature is reached, 1-3per cent cleaning liquid is added to the cleaning basin. The cleaning process starts when the ultra-sonic units are switchedon. The conveyor is also switched on and runs through the cleaningbasin at the standard speed (6.5 m/minute).

PICHON launches spinningdeck on Muck Masters

Lubing’s unit for clean conveyor chains

New product from Hamlet Protein boosts feed intake

HP Booster combines soya and yeast

The unit removes dirtsafely and reliably


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LONDON OFFICE:University House, 11-13 Lower Grosvenor Place, London SW1W 0EX, UKTel: +44 (0) 20 7834 7676 Fax: +44 (0) 20 7973 0076 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.alaincharles.com

ADVERTISEHERE!


For details of advertising in theclassified section please contact:

Klinofeed® Klinosan®

Switzerland

[email protected] www.unipoint.ch

Mycotoxins and Ammonium

are responsible for severe economical losses in

livestock industry


AS FOOD PRICES escalate globally, a new study finds that small-scaleirrigation schemes can protect millions of farmers from food insecurityand climate risks in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

The report, ‘Water for wealth and food security: Supporting farmer-driveninvestments in agricultural water management’, released by InternationalWater Management Institute reveals that expanding the use of smallholderwater management techniques could increase yields up to 300 per cent insome cases, and add tens of billions of US dollars to household revenuesacross sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

“We’ve witnessed again and again what happens to the world’s poor –the majority of whom depend on agriculture for their livelihoods and alreadysuffer from water scarcity – when they are at the mercy of our fragile globalfood system,” said Dr Colin Chartres, director general of IWMI.

“However, farmers across the developing world are increasingly relyingon and benefitting from small-scale, locally-relevant water solutions.”

The assessment quantified the potential reach and possible additionalhousehold revenue for a number of different on-farm and local communitywater solutions.

AgWater Solutions ResearchThe three-year AgWater Solutions Research Initiative unearthed for thefirst time the scale at which enterprising smallholder farmersthemselves are driving this revolution by using their own resourcesinnovatively rather than waiting for water to be delivered.

“We were amazed at the scale of what is going on,” said IWMIofficial Meredith Giordano, who coordinated the initiative.

“Despite constraints, such as high upfront costs and poorlydeveloped supply chains, small-scale farmers across Africa and Asiahave moved ahead using their own resources to finance and installirrigation technologies. It’s clear that farmers themselves are drivingthis trend.”

Partners in the AgWater collaboration believe the implications ofthe work could be profound, especially for donors and privateinvestors committed to boosting incomes and livelihoods in theworld’s poorest countries by improving farmer access to waterresources.

The AgWater Solutions project aims to make smallholder farming anengine for economic growth, poverty reduction and food security by:

• Improving the understanding of agricultural water management (AWM)solutions – especially how farmers can gain access to them and the bene-fits they provide

• Showing how they can reach millions of farmers by developing strategiesand business models that overcome constraints

• Communicating these to governments, donors and the private sector sothat they can create or refine their policies, investments and implementa-tion strategies

The research – a collaborative effort involving several international andnational partners and funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation –provides evidence on the scale and potential economic benefits ofsmallholder water management in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

"Cheap pumps and new ways of powering them are transformingfarming and boosting incomes all over Africa and Asia. Simple tools fordrilling wells and capturing rainwater have enabled many farmers toproduce more crops in the dry season, hugely boosting their incomes,” saidMeredith.

As part of its activities the AgWater Solutions project developed theInvestment Visualizer, an interactive, web-based mapping tool that allowspolicymakers to determine with a few clicks which of nine irrigation optionswould be most beneficial to farmers in their sub-region or country –including the number of people reached, yield improvements, and howmuch smallholder farmers could earn by using it – based on the severity ofclimate change, the price of crops, and the cost of implementing the chosenapproach.

The research partners hope this tool will catalyse needed investments inlow-cost water management options to allow farmers to meet the foodneeds of a growing population. They believe that improving watermanagement capabilities could unleash smallholder farming and it couldbecome a major driver of food security. nn

Source: IWMI

Moreover


Small-scale irrigationschemes yield big benefits

Expanding the use of smallholder watermanagement techniques could increaseyields and add billions of US dollars tohousehold revenues

Small-scale farmers across Africa andAsia are using their own resources to

finance and install irrigation technologies


Drinking-SystemsWith a LUBING Drinking-System you are always on the safe side.

Completely equipped with innovative technical details LUBING‘s Drinking- Systems asure a reliable water supply for cages as well as for fl oor manage-ment.

Conveyor-SystemsThe worldwide leading position of LUBING Conveyor-Systems is based on the high level of safety and the individual adaptability of all sytems.

• Rod Conveyor – for long straight distances

• Curve Conveyor – for curves and turns

• Steep Conveyor »Climber« – for steep climbs up to 60°

Top-Climate-SystemsThe LUBING Top-Climate-System is a highly effective cooling system.

Special high-pressure nozzles (70 bar/1000 psi) spray a fi ne fog of evaporated water into the house.

Humidity rises, the temperature falls. The fl oor stays dry. The animals feel better.

The Original!

Indonesia

PT. CHAROEN POK-PHAND INDONESIAJl. Raya Serang Km. 30 Balaraja 15610TangerangTel.: +62 215951187Fax: +62 [email protected]

Pakistan

Ample Trade ImpexSarjah Centre62-Shadman MarketLahoreTel.: +92 427584400Fax: +92 [email protected]

Thailand

KSP Equipment Co. Ltd.Suksawad Road10130 PrapadaengSamutprakarnTel.: +662 8176410Fax: +662 [email protected]

India

LUBING INDIAPVT. LTD.271/P/B, Ingawale Patil EstateBhugaon, PuneMaharastra (India)Tel.: +91 20-229524-04 / -05Fax: +91 0-98909 [email protected]

Germany

LUBING Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co. KG

49406 Barnstorf (Germany)

Tel.: +49 (0) 54 42 - 98 79-0 Fax: +49 (0) 54 42 - 98 [email protected]


far eastern agriculture issue 5 2012

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grain buyers guidevolume

anlagenbau gmbh

grain storagetuna fishingfeed

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key players

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lubing maschinenfabrik

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