KNOWLEDGE OBJECTIVES:

1. Identify the causes, types, and classification of obstruction.

2. Describe Heimlich maneuver.

SKILL OBJECTIVE:

• Demonstrate how to provide Heimlich maneuver to an adult, child & infant who have obstructed airway.

CAUSES OF OBSTRUCTION

• Improper chewing of large pieces of food.• Meat is the most common cause of

obstruction in conscious adult.• The tongue is the most common cause of

obstruction in the casualty who is unconscious.

• Excessive intake of alcohol

• The presence of loose upper and lower dentures.

• For children – running while eating.

• For smaller children of “hand-to-mouth” stage left unattended.

It happens when the tongue drops back and obstructs the throat. Other causes are acute asthma, croup, diphtheria, swelling, and cough (whooping).

1. ANATOMICAL OBSTRUCTION

Management

• OPEN AIRWAY using Head Tilt-Chin Lift Maneuver

2. MECHANICAL OBSTRUCTION

When foreign objects lodge in the pharynx or airways; fluids accumulate in the back of the throat.

CLASSIFICATION OF OBSTRUCTION

• In Mild FBAO, the victim can 1. speak 2. breath 3. cough effectively

What to do???

• Encourage him or her to continue coughing in an attempt to dislodge the object.

• Do not interfere with the casualty's efforts to remove the obstruction.

2. SEVERE

• unable to speak, breathe, or cough and may clutch the neck with the thumb and fingers. Movement of air is absent.

• Presents with a completely blocked airway, and an inability to speak, cough, or breathe.

• If the casualty is conscious, he or she may display the universal distress signal.

Ask "Are YOU choking?" If the casualty is choking, do the following:

• Shout "Help"-Ask the casualty if you can help.• Request medical assistance - Say "Airway is

obstructed" (blocked); call (Local emergency number or medical personnel).

• do Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich Maneuver)

H E I M L I C H M A N E U V E R

ADULT Managementa. Stand behind the casualty. b. Place your arms around the patient’s waist. c. With your fist, place the thumb side against the middle of the abdomen, above the navel and below the tip (xiphoid process) of the (sternum) breastbone. d. Grasp your fist with your other hand. e. Keeping your elbows out, press your fist into the abdomen with a quick upward thrust.f. Repeat until the obstruction is clear or the casualty becomes unconscious

Note: Feet should be in tripod position

If the casualty becomes unconscious, do the following..

• Place the casualty on his or her back• Call for HELP immediately!!!• Check AIRWAY

– Head tilt-Chin Lift maneuver– Use "hooking" motion to dislodge object for

removal (FINGER SWEEP) if VISIBLE Object only..

Tongue-jaw lift/Finger sweep

•Check BREATHING

• LOOK• LISTEN• FEEL

– For 5-10 seconds

If No Breathing

Step 1: Attempt to breathe into their mouth

-if the chest doesn’t rise,

Step 2- REPOSITION and RE-attempt ventilation

-if still no air going in,

If No Breathing

Step 3: BEGIN CHEST COMPRESSION -Give 30 chest Compression s

then 2 breaths“The only difference here from normal CPR is the you must check for the obstruction at the back of the throat as you open airway after every 30 compressions and before giving 2 rescue breaths.”Step 4: If the obstruction is visible, REMOVE it with a finger sweep

After every 30 compressions, repeat the previous steps (1-3) in an attempt to relieve obstruction.

If the obstruction persists, continue this modified CPR sequence until help arrives

Actions for Relieve of FBAO for Pregnant victim

Actions for Relieve of FBAO for unconscious infant

Thank you!!!