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A D V A N C E DF U E L C E L LT E C H N O L O G Y

Volume 18 Number 5 ISSN: 1095-1415

TCFSeptember/October 2014

Online at www.7ms.com

AROUND THE INDUSTRY

Developing a new water splitter for fuel cells are Stanford graduate student Ming Gong, left, and Professor Hongjie Dai.

FuelCell Energy Receives DOE Contract FuelCell Energy Inc. of Danbury, Connecticut, has received a $3.2 million contract from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) for advanced material development to enhance power density and performance of the next generation of the company’s Direct FuelCell® (DFC®) products. The company has included both the University of Connecticut and the Illinois Institute of Technology to support select aspects of the research for this three year project. The advances supported by the DOE’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy also target more cost effective systems for tri-generation, to co-produce heat, power and hydrogen.

Parker’s First SOFC System Installation The energy systems business unit of Parker Hannifin Corp. has announced the first field installation of its combined heat and power solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system. Running on propane, the Parker Combined Heat and Power (CHP) fuel cell system provides power independence and optional heating and hot water for the

recreational vehicle and marine markets. The system, which was co-developed with New York-based Watt Fuel Cell Corp., is being installed on a 36-foot sailboat. According to Knight, initial installations will aid in refining the system ahead of an anticipated commercial product launch within the next year. Other installations are planned for RVs and trailers, while over-the-road trucking and home installations are envisioned in the future. The current system is configured to meet or exceed the average daily load profile. The autonomous system runs cleanly and quietly while maintaining a battery charge. It allows users to run lighting, appliances, navigation and entertainment equipment and to have instant hot water.

Ceramic Fuel Cells Achieves Commercial Milestone Ceramic Fuel Cells Ltd., an Australian developer of generators that use solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology to convert natural gas into electricity and heat for homes and buildings, recently achieved an important technical and commercial milestone. Eneco, the company’s service partner, commissioned a BlueGEN unit in the Netherlands, representing the 500th unit installed and commissioned. The units have over 5 million accumulated operating hours and have demonstrated high levels of reliability and availability. The unit is one of the 45 BlueGEN systems that were sold into the first stage of a virtual power plant (VPP) project on the island of Ameland, in the Netherlands. This is currently one of the largest VPP projects in Europe using micro-generation products based on fuel cell technology, and involves a number of project partners, including the leading Dutch gas company, GasTerra.

MacEwen Appointed President & CEO of Ballard The board of directors of Vancouver, Canada-based Ballard Power Systems has appointed Randall (Randy) MacEwen as president and chief executive officer. MacEwen replaces John Sheridan, who is retiring after serving as the company’s president and CEO since 2006.

Advanced Fuel Cell Technology September/October 2014

Serving the Fuel Cell Industry Since 1996,

ADVANCED FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY (FCT) is published bi-monthly by Seven Mountains Scientific Inc., P.O. Box 650, 913 Tressler St., Boalsburg, PA 16827, USA; Phone: 1-814-466-6559, Fax: 1-814-466-2777, Visit: www.7ms.com

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IN THIS ISSUE

V O L . 2 1 , N O S . 3 - 4F a l l – W i n t e r 2 0 1 2

Fall—

Winter 2

01

2V

OL. 2

1, N

O. 3

-4

3 From the Editor:Biomimetic or Bioinspired?

9 From the President:Weathering the Storm

11 Pennington Corner:The Weston Legacy

13 Redcat: ECS Launches Networking and Research Site for Scientists

17 Candidates for Society Office

19 PRiME, Honolulu, Hawaii: Meeting Highlights

58 Tech Highlights

61 Conducting Polymers and Their Applications

63 Novel MEMS Devices Based on Conductive Polymers

67 Nanoparticle-doped Electrically-conducting Polymers for Flexible Nano-Micro Systems

71 Electrochemical Assay of GSTP1-related DNA Sequence for Prostrate Cancer Screening

88 ECS Summer Fellowship Reports

107 San Francisco, CA: Call for Papers

Conducting Polymers and Their Applications

Special iSSu e o n...

MacEwen has ex tens ive executive-level experience in the clean energy sector. He served as executive vice president of Stuart Energy Systems Corp., an onsite hydrogen production company; as CEO of Solar Integrated Technologies Inc., a manufacturer and installer of commercial solar systems; and as founder and managing director of NextCleanTech LLC, a clean energy consulting firm. He holds an Honours BA degree from York University and a Bachelor of Law degree from the University of Western Ontario.

Mantra Continues Expansion of Research Team Mantra Venture Group Ltd. and its subsidiary, Mantra Energy Alternatives, reports the addition of two new personnel to its team. Dr. Ashwin Usgaocar and Dr. Christina Gyenge have joined Mantra in its new facilities in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Usgaocar is a postdoctoral fellow in the laboratory of Professor John Madden at the University of British Columbia (UBC). He has joined the Mantra team supported by a Mitacs grant designed to bridge the gap between academia and industry. Usgaocar’s research experience is well suited to Mantra’s work, and includes the fabrication and characterization of Li-ion battery electrodes, the

development of electrodeposited Schottky barrier hydrogen sensors, and the initiation of a project on innovative photogalvanic solar cell designs. Since receiving her Ph.D. from UBC in 2000, Gyenge has worked extensively in chemical and biological engineering. This experience includes postdoctoral fellowships at the University of Bergen and Stanford University and a position as a research associate at Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials. In 2009 she returned to UBC as a teaching faculty, in which capacity she developed and delivered numerous courses such as Energy Engineering. Gyenge combines an interdisciplinary and innovative background with a broad overview and vision related to the practical applications of alternative energy technologies and novel chemical technologies in general. Gyenge will join Mantra in the role of vice president of technology, marketing and innovation.

Garzon Joins Sandia National Laboratories, UNM Sandia National Laboratories and the University of New Mexico (UNM) have hired Fernando Garzon, a nationally recognized scientist and inventor, to work for both institutions. Garzon will concurrently hold the positions of research and development staff member at Sandia and tenured professor at UNM and will advance mutual interests in science and engineering. It is the first joint hire recruited together by Sandia and UNM. Joining the staffs of Sandia and the UNM in September, Garzon has co-authored more than 130 scientific publications, holds 10 patents in electrochemical technology and has been president of the Electrochemical Society. Garzon has been technical team leader for high temperature materials chemistry in the sensors and electrochemical devices group at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). He holds a Bachelor of Science in metallurgy and materials science and a doctorate in materials science and engineering from the University of Pennsylvania. He joined LANL in 1988. Garzon’s research interests include fuel cell materials technology, energy storage, high-temperature materials and devices, advanced gas sensor development, electronic conducting transition metal oxides, thin film growth, ceramic membrane technology and solid state ionics.


Announcing the Distinguished Faculty for the 32nd International Battery Seminar & Exhibit

K.M. Abraham, Northeastern UniversityKev Adjemian, Idaho National LaboratoryJ. Norm Allen, Potomac Energy FundBrian Barnett, TIAX, LLCRalph Brodd, Broddarp of NevadaKumar Bugga, NASA Jet Propulsion LaboratoryAndrew Burke, University of California-DavisRichard Chamberlain, Boston PowerYi Cui, Stanford UniversityJeff Dahn, Dahlhousie UniversityBridget Deveney, SaftKevin Eberman, 3MMichael Fetcenko, BASF Battery Materials - OvonicDave Freeman, Texas InstrumentsLinda Gaines, Argonne National LaboratoryDave Heacock, Texas InstrumentsDavid Howell, U.S. Department of EnergyJohn Hurley, A123 Systems, LLC

James Kaschmitter, Polystor Energy CorporationGeorge Kerchner, Portable Rechargeable Battery AssociationFranz Kruger, Roland Berger Strategy ConsultantsArumugam Manthiram, University of Texas at AustinHenry Mao, BAK Battery Co.Ted Miller, Ford Motor CompanySurya Moganty, NOHMS Technologies, Inc.Brian Morin, Dreamweaver InternationalYoshio Nishi, Stanford UniversityMotoaki Nishijima, Sharp CorporationOdysseas Paschos, BMWPrabhakar Patil, Chem Power, Inc.Sebastien Patoux, CEA-LitenChristophe Pillot, Avicenne EnergyRob Privette, XG SciencesBob Richard, LabelMaster (formerly U.S. DOT)YB Roh, EIG

Ken Rudisuela, IOXUSAnn Marie Sastry, Sakti3Xi Shan, BYDKamal Shah, Intel CorporationHang Shi, Tianjin Lishen Battery, Ltd.Steve Sloop, On-To TechnologyHe Wei, EVE Worldwide Industries, Inc.Peter Cheng, HighPower InternationalMichael Thackeray, Argonne National LaboratoryMark Verbrugge, General MotorsSteve Visco, PolyPlus Battery CompanyJohn Warner, Xalt EnergyJay Whitacre, Aquion Energy; Carnegie Mellon UniversityRalph Wise, BASF MaterialsKai Wu, ATLRachid Yazami, Nanyang Technological UniversityJohn Zhang, Celgard

www.POWERSOURCES.net

32nd ANNUAL

International BatterySEMINAR & EXHIBIT MARCH 9 - 12, 2015

FORT LAUDERDALE, FL

REGISTER BY DECEMBER 12 AND SAVE UP TO $300Limited Exhibit Space is Available, but the Best Locations are Going Fast

The Latest Technological Advances in Energy Systems for Consumer, Automotive, Military & Stationary Battery Applications

TECHNICAL REPORT

Maximizing Conductive Efficiency of Fuel Cell Connections

By Lisa RinaldoPresident of Prohm-tect USA

Sioux Falls, South DakotaEmail: [email protected]

Fuel cell engineers and technicians responsible for installing fuel cells understand the interface resistance issues resulting from dissimilar metals coming into contact with each other in a connection. Electrically conductive silver paste – a proven resource in other applications – is now proving a reliable corrosion preventative and cooling substance for fuel cell connections. While silver paste is

thought of primarily for computer heat sink applications or grounding, it has not generally been a “go-to” substance for fuel cell connectivity. Currently, the major concerns of the fuel cell industry center on electrochemical issues, hydrogen production/delivery/storage, systems analysis, or ways to ensure that fuel cells are reliable, low-cost, and high-performance. In the drive toward greater reliability inside the fuel cell, reliability of the physical electrical connection to the exterior is often overlooked. Yet, statistics reveal that a high percentage of electrical failures in equipment occur in the connection itself, and real-life field experience confirms

WATT Fuel Cell Expands WATT Fuel Cell Inc. is expanding its fuel cell manufacturing line by 39,000 sq.ft. in the Mt. Pleasant Glass Center in Pennsylvania. The $2.27 million project is expected to result in 33 jobs during the next three years, reports Pittsburgh Tribune-Review online. WATT Fuel Cell, which makes solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) components and systems at its plant in Port Washington, New York, has committed to investing more than $1.4 million at the Pennsylvania site. To help fund the project, Pennsylvania is providing a $370,000 loan and a $300,000 grant from the Commonwealth Financing Authority’s Alternative and Clean Energy Program. The company has been assembling the fuel cell manufacturing line in the past few months and expect that it will be in operation in October 2014, says James Smith, president of Economic Growth Connection of Westmoreland, a Greensburg-based economic development organization that worked with the state on the project. WATT Fuel Cell leased 15,000 square feet to accommodate its manufacturing operation, Smith says. WATT Fuel Cell acquired space at the glass center in April when it bought Pittsburgh Electric Engines Inc., a solid oxide fuel cell developer. The acquisition is expected to substantially widen the scope of the company’s markets because Pittsburgh Electric Engines has established the legitimacy of larger tubular fuel cells in commercial applications, WATT wrote in a recent statement.

SFC Powers Obstruction Lights of Wind Turbines Windkraft Service GmbH, of Lutherstadt Eisleben, Germany, is using EFOY Pro fuel cells from SFC Energy AG of Brunnthal, Germany, for fully integrated power supply solutions for wind energy plants. Windkraft Service is a maintenance, testing, and repair service provider for wind energy plants and leases the systems to companies for powering obstruction lights during the plant construction phase. Depending on the lighting used (white or red) fuel cartridges will last from several weeks up to several months. This fuel cell solution is much more cost efficient than the diesel generators used previously. In 20 days, the generators will consume 8,000 liters of diesel fuel while the fuel cells will just need 75 liters of fuel. This enables significant cost savings and logistics advantages. EFOY Pro fuel cells, unlike diesel generators, can be operated directly inside the wind energy plant and do not need to be protected against theft or vandalism to provide substantial cost savings.

Page 7

Advanced Fuel Cell Technology September/October 2014Advanced Fuel Cell Technology September/October 2014

these numbers. In the case of fuel cells, this deserves a closer analysis.

Silver Paste Multitasks Well

According to Navigant Research’s 2013 study for the Department of Energy’s Fuel Cell Technologies Market Report, the stationary fuel cell sector is leading the overall global fuel cell industry in production.

Stationary megawatt fuel cells installed in outdoor groupings (“parks”), or cells in CHP (combined heat and power) installations are exposed to environmental humidity, which can produce corrosion on the exterior electrical connection, resulting in reduced conductivity

and increasing resistance on the connector interface. When applied in small amounts to both sides of the connection, silver paste prevents this problem. In addition, if a fuel cell connection has been coated with silver paste at installation,

it will be easier to disconnect for repair or replacement due to the lubricity of the silver. A fresh application of silver on re-installment will ensure years of corrosion-free, efficient conductivity, and protection from moisture and other environmental contaminants. The cooling properties of silver in conductive paste reduce the extreme heat generated in the connection itself – which can range up to 350-550̊C, depending on the type of fuel cell. (If the temperature of the connection interface exceeds 290̊C, then the carrier of the silver disappears, leaving no residue – just silver.) When the connection contains rods or bolts that are threaded, these expand-or stretch – with the heat and change the conductivity. Again, silver paste prevents damage to rods and bolts by lowering the resistance at the interface, with the additional benefit of having them become conductors of current. Another consideration when seeking maximum conductivity from a fuel cell is this: A microscopic view of any metal-to-metal contact involved in the connection reveals tiny pits, which reduce the conductive efficiency at the contact interface and may cause voltage fluctuations.

Despite the most precise polishing, or even coating a plate with silver or other metal, some irregularities in the surface of the plate will remain. However, silver paste, when heated, becomes like a flexible plating, actually flowing into the microscopic pits, providing millions of points of connection for the current to follow and maintaining a superior connection. This is a simple solution that eliminates physical remediation on the connectors, installation delays, or costly downtime resulting from connective problems.

Ingredients Matter

John Ebbinghaus, a senior engineer with Prohm-tect USA, a conductive electrical paste manufacturer in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, has 40-plus years of experience

formulating silver conductive pastes and performing materials failure analysis for companies. He warns, “Not all silver paste is created equal. Most of it is formulated with a silicone oil or grease, to keep costs down. However, silicone often cakes and dries out in time, especially in high-heat applications. It also migrates along wiring insulation, causing problems in other parts of equipment. It’s essential to use a paste with a non-silicone oil base for fuel cell connectors.” Furthermore, silicone greases can introduce a form of connector failure, especially when exposed to salt, which combines with the silicone to form a thin, hard film or even grains of hard-to-remove sodium silicate. Ebbinghaus began his foray into pastes by inventing a unique stainless-steel alloy paste for the Navy’s use on aircraft guidance systems, then went on to create a specialty silver paste in 2008 for a large U.S. fuel cell manufacturer. Although the formula took several years of testing to perfect, “In the end, they were very pleased that the conductive efficiency of their cells rose to 94% at the connection without damaging the connectors. The average fuel cell conductive efficiency at a connection is in the 80-85% range. Now that we’ve witnessed and tested the performance of silver paste on fuel cell connections for six years, we know that this new application for silver paste will be of interest to other fuel cell manufacturers as well, from stationary to transportation-related.”

Wide Range of Applications

As one example, the March/April issue of Advanced Fuel Cell Technology Journal highlights a new fuel cell demonstration project led by Sandia National Laboratories: “a portable, self-contained hydrogen fuel cell unit that can float on a barge, sit on a dock or be transported to wherever it’s needed to provide electrical power.” Plans call for the

unit to be deployed in the Port of Honolulu, where salt spray and moisture will threaten electrical connections, as in any port where future units will be located. Corrosion, together with wind and vibration combine to produce an inhospitable environment for electrical connections, including those of fuel cells. In urban locations, during major natural disasters, fuel cell reliability is crucial for continuous electrical service to businesses, hospitals, schools, and emergency shelters. Silver paste on connections in those settings could mean the difference between continued power to critical facilities or a power outage crisis.

Other sectors of fuel cell use, such as in materials handling equipment and transportation, also offer opportunities to put the protective and conductive properties of silver paste to good use. Besides exposure to moisture, heat, dust, and dirt from the environment, one of the issues encountered in vehicle and bus fuel cell connections is vibration loosening the connections and/or causing fretting. Silver paste ensures an effective connection due to the particles of silver maintaining contact with both sides of the connection at all times. For rapid-recharging stations for electric buses, the cooling action of silver paste would help extend the lifespan of the charging contacts, extending the lifespan of the cell itself. Navsea (Navy) publication SD-18 on connector failure mechanisms recently stated, “Repeated mating and un-mating results in physical wear of the contact material, affecting the integrity of the connecting interfaces, the connector shell engagement interfaces, and the mounting/cable attachment hardware. The result can be a significantly increased interface resistance, and in power connection applications, an increase in temperature at the interface that can accelerate further contact interface deterioration.”

Page 9


An Ounce of Prevention

Is silver paste worth the cost and time to add it to fuel cell connections? First, it is important to note that conductive silver paste and inexpensive dielectric grease are not the same thing. Dielectric grease contains no conductive metal and is applied liberally to block out moisture. However, silver paste is applied by service technicians to connectors in a very thin film at the time of installation and again if the fuel cell is disconnected for repair. The product can be purchased in a kit format, containing a syringe of silver paste, alcohol wipes, a lint-free cloth, and finger cots, for application in the field.

At approximately $10 for a CC (cubic centimeter), which provides one application covering about 10 square inches, you can argue that a little paste delivers a high return on investment to prevent problems and protect crucial connections. Lisa Rinaldo is president of Prohm-tect USA (www.prohmtect.com), a company that develops and markets electrically conductive pastes. She can be reached at [email protected].

U.S. FUEL CELL PATENTSCompiled by Eddie T. Seo

email: [email protected], Colorado

Official Gazette, Vol 1404 (July 2014) andOfficial Gazette, Vol 1405 (August 2014)

U.S. 8,764,859 (20140701), Hydrogen generating fuel cell cartridges, Alain Rosenzweig, Paul Adams, Andrew J. Curello, Floyd

Fairbanks, Anthony Sgroi, Jr., and Constance R. Stepan, Société BIC (FR). U.S. 8,765,007 (20140701), Method of evaluating positive electrode active material, Hiroki Nagai and Hidekazu Hiratsuka, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,765,311 (20140701), Fuel cell, Hideyuki Oozu, Yukinori Akamoto, Yuuichi Sato, Genta Oomichi, Hirofumi Kan, Daisuke Watanabe, Nobuyasu Negishi, Yuichi Yoshida, and Asako Sato, Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,765,313 (20140701), Fuel cell system and method of controlling same, Kenji Kurita, Kazumasa Takada, Shiro Yamasaki, and Norihiko Toyonaga, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,765,314 (20140701), Fuel cell system and method for stopping operation of fuel cell system, Yasushi Sugawara, Junji Morita, Makoto Uchida, Takayuki Urata, Shinya Kosako, Takahiro Umeda, Soichi Shibata, Masataka Ozeki, Akinari Nakamura, Yoshikazu Tanaka, and Yoichiro Tsuji, Panasonic Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,765,315 (20140701), Fuel cell system and method of controlling fuel cell system, Mitsunori Kumada, Ryoichi Shimoi, Hayato Chikugo, and Takashi Aoyama, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,765,316 (20140701), Fuel cell system, Yoshiaki Naganuma, Hiromi Tanaka, Osamu Yumita, Nobukazu Mizuno, and Yuichi Sakajo, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,765,317 (20140701), Fuel cell system, Yasuhiro Nonobe, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,765,318 (20140701), System and method for electrochemical cell system and leak detection and indication, Sonia Quattrociocchi, Rami Michel Abouatallah, and Todd Arnold Simpson, Hydrogenics Corp. (CA). U.S. 8,765,319 (20140701), Method and device for operating a fuel cell system having a recirculation blower disposed in a fuel circuit of the fuel cell system, Gerhard Konrad and Heiner Kunckel, Daimler AG (DE). U.S. 8,765,320 (20140701), External manifold for minimizing external leakage of reactant from cell stack, Robin J. Guthrie, Ballard Power Systems Inc. (CA). U.S. 8,765,321 (20140701), Transition metal nitride, separator for fuel cells, fuel cell stack, fuel cell vehicle, method of manufacturing transition metal nitride, and method of manufacturing separator for fuel cells, Noriko Uchiyama, Nobutaka Chiba, and Makoto Kano, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,765,322 (20140701), Fuel cell support structure and method of assembly/disassembly thereof, Sean M. Blondin, Garrett W. Fink, Robert A. Love, and Thomas Rock, Ballard Power Systems Inc. (CA). U.S. 8,765,323 (20140701), Membrane electrode assembly and fuel cell with dendritic shape catalyst layer, Kazuhiro Yamada and Kazuya Miyazaki, Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,765,324 (20140701), Method for manufacturing membrane electrode assembly and solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, Shigeki Hasegawa, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,765,325 (20140701), Solid oxide fuel cell and method for producing the same, Shigeru Ando, Seiki Furuya, Yutaka Momiyama, Kiyoshi Hayama, Osamu Okamoto, Naoki Watanabe, Nobuo Isaka, and Masaki Sato, Toto Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,765,326 (20140701), Joining device for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack provided with the same, Haeng Jin Ko, Young Bum Kum, Young Woo Noh, Sae Hoon Kim, Sang Hyun Cho, Jung Do Suh, Kwi Seong Jeong, Junghan Yu, Byung Ki Ahn, Duck Whan Kim, Sung Keun Lee, Dai Gil Lee, and Ha Na Yu, Hyundai Motor Co. (KR), Kia Motors Corp. (KR), and Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KR). U.S. 8,765,327 (20140701), Fuel cell electrodes with conduction networks, Andrew T. Haug, Steven J. Hamrock, Gregory M. Haugen, and Mark A. Schonewill, 3M Innovative Properties Co. U.S. 8,765,893 (20140701), Norbornene-type polymers having quaternary ammonium functionality, Andrew Bell, Edmund Elce, and Keitaro Seto, Promerus, LLC.

U.S. 8,765,894 (20140701), Norbornene-type polymers having quaternary ammonium functionality, Andrew Bell, Edmund Elce, and Keitaro Seto, Promerus, LLC. U.S. 8,765,905 (20140701), Proton-conducting membrane and use thereof, Oemer Uensal, Ursula Leister, and Melanie Schlegel, BASF Fuel Cell GmbH (DE). U.S. 8,771,853 (20140708), Fuel cell assembly, Soichiro Ogawa, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd (JP). U.S. 8,771,884 (20140708), Reactant conditioning scheme for fuel cell systems, Michael Cacioppo, Ranjieve A. Williams, and Charles R. Elder, Plug Power, Inc. U.S. 8,771,885 (20140708), Circulation of biphase fuel cell coolant, Michael L. Perry and Robert M. Darling, Ballard Power Systems Inc. (CA). U.S. 8,771,886 (20140708), Fuel cell system and method for controlling same, Naohiro Yoshida, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,771,887 (20140708), Method of operating a fuel cell apparatus, Naruto Takahashi, Kyocera Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,771,888 (20140708), Fuel cell system and method of load following operation of the same, Susumu Hatada, JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,771,889 (20140708), Hydrogen generator, Richard A. Langan, Jason L. Stimits, Chad E. Law, Russell H. Barton, Thomas J. Kmetich, Allison M. Fisher, Guanghong Zheng, and Olen Vanderleeden, Intelligent Energy Inc. U.S. 8,771,890 (20140708), Fuel supply control method and system for fuel cells, Sheng-Yong Shen, Lan-Feng Chang, Ku-Yen Kang, and Chiou-Chu Lai, Industrial Technology Research Institute (TW). U.S. 8,771,892 (20140708), Fuel cell power generation system and operation stop method of the same, Yasushi Sugawara, Eiichi Yasumoto, and Takahiro Umeda, Panasonic Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,771,893 (20140708), Fuel cell system and operating method thereof, Ulrike Krewer, Jun-Young Park, Jin-Hwa Lee, Hye-Jung Cho, and Toshihiko Ichinose, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,771,894 (20140708), Cooling plate having improved flow channels, Jae-young Shin, Jie Peng, Seung-jae Lee, and Tae-won Song, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,771,895 (20140708), Online anode pressure bias to maximize bleed velocity while meeting emission constraint, Manish Sinha, Seth E. Lerner, Patrick Frost, Victor W. Logan, and Balasubramanian Lakshmanan, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,771,896 (20140708), Fuel cell with current collectors integrated with the solid electrolyte and process for manufacturing such a fuel cell, Jean-Yves Laurent, Philippe Capron, Audrey Martinent, and Denis Locatelli, Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique (FR). U.S. 8,771,897 (20140708), Electrolyte membrane for fuel cell including blend of polymers with different degrees of sulfonation, and membrane-electrode assembly and fuel cell including the same, Hyoung-Juhn Kim, Soo-Kil Kim, Eun Ae Cho, Jong Hyun Jang, Sung Pil Yoon, In Hwan Oh, Jonghee Han, Seong Ahn Hong, Suk-Woo Nam, and Tae Hoon Lim, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KR). U.S. 8,771,898 (20140708), Arrangement of components in a solid oxide fuel cell and manufacturing method thereof, Kei Sugiura, Atsushi Hitomi, Takeshi Urano, and Hitoshi Takamura, TDK Corp. (JP) and Tohoku University (JP). U.S. 8,771,899 (20140708), Fuel cell components and systems having carbon-containing electrically-conductive hollow fibers, Kevin C. Langry and Joseph C. Farmer, Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC. U.S. 8,771,900 (20140708), Super-hydrophobic composite bipolar plate including a porous surface layer, Richard H. Blunk, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,771,901 (20140708), SOFC stack having a high

temperature bonded ceramic interconnect and method for making same, William J. Donahue, Oh-Hun Kwon, F. Michael Mahoney, and John D. Pietras, Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. U.S. 8,771,902 (20140708), Manufacture of fuel cell, Takeharu Kuramochi, Masanori Iwamoto, Masahiko Katsu, Kaoru Eguchi, Masahiro Omata, Hideto Kanafusa, and Yoshiki Muto, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,772,174 (20140708), Method of fabricating structured particles composed of silicon or silicon-based material and their use in lithium rechargeable batteries, Mino Green, Feng-Ming Liu, Yuxiong Jiang, Valerie Elizabeth Dawn Stevens, and Benjamin Odarkwei Mills-Lamptey, Nexeon Ltd. (GB). U.S. 8,778,201 (20140715), Method for manufacturing porous structure and method for forming pattern, Koji Asakawa, Toshiro Hiraoka, Yoshihiro Akasaka, and Yasuyuki Hotta, Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (JP). U.S. 8,778,545 (20140715), Recirculation complex for increasing yield from fuel cell with CO2 capture, Matthew Alexander Lehar, Andrew Philip Shapiro, Bruce Philip Biederman, Vitali Victor Lissianski, Andrew Maxwell Peter, Matthew Joseph Alinger, Laura Michele Hudy, and Roger Allen Shisler, General Electric Co. U.S. 8,778,547 (20140715), Power generating system, Hidetoshi Takubo and Motomichi Katou, Panasonic Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,778,548 (20140715), Delivery head for a fuel cell, Sadok Garnit, Francis Roy, Guillaume Joncquet, and Jean-Philippe Poirot-Crouvezier, Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (FR) and Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA (FR). U.S. 8,778,549 (20140715), Fuel cell system, Hideyuki Kumei and Manabu Kato, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,778,550 (20140715), Battery of fuel cells, Zbigniew Magonski and Barbara Dziurdzia, Akademia Gorniczo-Hutnicza im Stanislawa Staszica (PL). U.S. 8,778,551 (20140715), Fluid flow pulsing for increased stability in PEM fuel cell, Ivan Daryl Chapman, Charles Mackintosh, and Pinkhas A Rapaport, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,778,553 (20140715), Fuel cell, Masahiro Mohri, Kentaro Nagoshi, and Masaru Oda, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,778,554 (20140715), Fuel cell, Shuhei Goto, Narutoshi Sugita, Kentaro Ishida, and Tetsuya Nakamura, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,778,555 (20140715), Joint-free integrated fuel cell architecture, Pascal Tiquet, Commissariat a l’energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (FR). U.S. 8,778,556 (20140715), Fuel Cells, Robert Leah, Karim El Koury, and Martin Schmidt, Ceres Intellectual Property Co. Ltd. (GB). U.S. 8,778,557 (20140715), Membrane electrode assembly for fuel cell and fuel cell using the same, Hideyuki Ueda, Panasonic Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,778,558 (20140715), Methods for making a thermoformed subgasket and products thereof, Jeffrey A. Rock, Steven G. Goebel, and Glenn W. Skala, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,778,559 (20140715), Solid oxide fuel cell and method for producing the same, Shigeru Ando, Seiki Furuya, Yutaka Momiyama, Kiyoshi Hayama, Osamu Okamoto, Naoki Watanabe, Nobuo Isaka, and Masaki Sato, Toto Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,778,560 (20140715), Mixed ionic and electronic conductor based on Sr2Fe2 - xMoxO6 perovskite, Fanglin Chen and Qiang Liu, University of South Carolina. U.S. 8,778,561 (20140715), Electrocatalytic polymer-based powder, method of production and use thereof, Raffaele Vecchione, Giuseppe Mensitieri, and Anna Borriello, STMicroelectronics Srl (IT). U.S. 8,778,562 (20140715), Method of depositing durable thin gold coating on fuel cell bipolar plates, Michael P. Balogh, Gayatri Vyas Dadheech, Nicholas P. Irish, Misle M. Tessema, Daniel P. Miller, and Mahmoud H. Abd Elhamid, GM Global Technology Operations LLC.

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U.S. 8,778,564 (20140715), Unit cell of honeycomb-type solid oxide fuel cell, stack using the unit cell and method manufacturing the unit cell and stack, Sung Pil Yoon, Tae Hoon Lim, Seong Ahn Hong, In Hwan Oh, Suk-Woo Nam, Jonghee Han, Jong Pil Jeong, Kwang Soo Lee, Yeong Cheon Kim, Hyoung-Juhn Kim, Eun Ae Cho, Soo-Kil Kim, and Sang Yeop Lee, Korean Institute of Science and Technology (KR). U.S. 8,778,565 (20140715), Material for solid oxide fuel cell interconnector, unit cell for solid oxide fuel cell, and solid oxide fuel cell, Mineaki Matsumoto, Hiroshi Tsukuda, Shigenori Koga, and Norihisa Matake, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,778,566 (20140715), Metal separator plate for fuel cell having coating film formed on surface and method for producing same, Yoo-Taek Jeon and Ki-Jung Kim, Hyundai Hysco (KR). U.S. 8,778,567 (20140715), Unique pre-form design for two-step forming of stainless steel fuel cell bipolar plates, Siguang Xu, Steven J. Spencer, John R. Bradley, Gerald W. Fly, and Arianna T. Morales, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,778,829 (20140715), Methanol electro-oxidation catalyst and method of making the same, Syed Mohammed Javaid Zaidi, Saleem Ur Rahman, Shakeel Ahmed, and Mukhtar Bello, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (SA). U.S. 8,783,284 (20140722), Fluid supply system, Koichi Kato, Koichi Takaku, Saneto Asano, Hiroyasu Ozaki, and Taneaki Miura, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,785,012 (20140722), Fuel cell bypass diode structures and attachment methods, Matthias Gottmann, Arne Ballantine, and Chockkalingam Karuppaiah, Bloom Energy Corp. U.S. 8,785,013 (20140722), Compositions containing modified fullerenes, Paul J. Krusic, Helen S. M. Lu, and Zhen-Yu Yang, E I du Pont de Nemours and Co. U.S. 8,785,031 (20140722), Polymer electrolyte fuel cell separator made of pure titanium or titanium alloy and method of production of same, Michio Kaneko, Kazuhiro Takahashi, Kiyonori Tokuno, Hiroshi Kihira, and Wataru Hisada, Nippon Steel Sumitomo Metal Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,785,058 (20140722), Integrated biofuel cell with aligned nanotube electrodes and method of use thereof, Zafar Iqbal and Yubing Wang, New Jersey Institute of Technology. U.S. 8,785,060 (20140722), Method of manufacturing multilayer electrolyte reinforced composite membrane, Nak Hyun Kwon, Hyundai Motor Co. (KR). U.S. 8,785,062 (20140722), Fuel cell system comprising fuel cell stack, and method for producing fuel cell stack, Hiroaki Matsuda and Takashi Akiyama, Panasonic Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,785,063 (20140722), Fuel cell stack with water drainage structure, Yoo Chang Yang, Jong Sung Kim, Sae Hoon Kim, Sang Mun Jin, Suk Min Baeck, and Seong Il Heo, Hyundai Motor Co. (KR) and Kia Motors Corp. (KR). U.S. 8,785,066 (20140722), Fuel cell system and control method therefor, Yasushi Araki and Sho Usami, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,785,067 (20140722), Wax elements as passive control devices in fuel cell power systems, Prem Menon, John J. Conley, David A. Masten, and Bruce J. Clingerman, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,785,068 (20140722), Fuel cell, Kentaro Ishida, Takeshi Ushio, and Eri Terada, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,785,069 (20140722), Fuel cell system having a reformer, Hyun Kim, Dong-Rak Kim, Dong-Hyun Kim, Ming-Zi Hong, and Woong-Ho Cho, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,785,070 (20140722), Direct oxidation fuel cells with improved cathode gas diffusion media for low air stoichiometry operation, Guoqiang Lu, Chao-Yang Wang, and Takashi Akiyama, Panasonic Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,785,071 (20140722), Fuel cell operation with a failed open injector, Steven R. Falta, Rainer Pechtold, Daniel C. Di Fiore, Donald H. Keskula, Matthew A. Lang, Michael Leykauf, Joseph N.

Lovria, and Oliver Maier, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,785,072 (20140722), Fuel cell stack, Jin-Hwa Lee, Chi-Seung Lee, Seong-Jin An, Sang-Il Han, and Kah-Young Song, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,785,073 (20140722), Inlet manifold with guiding structure for fuel cell, Richard R. Phillips, and Michael D. Harrington, Ballard Power Systems Inc. (CA). U.S. 8,785,074 (20140722), Fuel cell stack compression devices and methods, David Edmonston, Michael Petrucha, Martin Perry, Matthias Gottmann, Dien Nguyen, Emad El-Batawi, and William David Lyle, Bloom Energy Corp. U.S. 8,785,075 (20140722), Fuel cell having a stacked electrolyte electrode assembly, Yukihiko Kiyohiro, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,785,076 (20140722), Portable fuel cell systems and methods therefor, Gerard F. McLean, Jeremy Schrooten, Joerg Zimmermann, Mark Petersen, and Paul Sobejko, Société BIC (FR). U.S. 8,785,077 (20140722), Apparatus and methods for connecting fuel cells to an external circuit, Jeremy Schrooten, Mark Petersen, Jean-Louis Iaconis, David Lo, and Paul Sobejko, Société BIC (FR). U.S. 8,785,078 (20140722), Fuel cell, Hiroko Kimura and Naoki Takehiro, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,785,079 (20140722), Metal-foam electrodes for batteries and fuel cells, Adam F. Gross, John Wang, and Andrew P. Nowak, HRL Laboratories, LLC. U.S. 8,785,080 (20140722), Passivated metallic bipolar plates and a method for producing the same, Mahmoud H Abd Elhamid, Gayatri Vyas Dadheech, and Youssef M. Mikhail, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,785,342 (20140722), Catalyst carrier, catalyst and process for producing the same, Ryuji Monden, Tadatoshi Kurozumi, and Toshikazu Shishikura, Showa Denko KK (JP). U.S. 8,787,050 (20140722), Circuit connection control system of fuel cell and method of operating the same, Young-jae Kim, Dong-kee Sohn, Hye-jung Cho, Joon-hee Kim, Jae-yong Lee, and Jin-ho Kim, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,790,114 (20140729), Byproduct compound retention device for fuel rich start-up combustor, Steven G. Goebel, Gerald E. Voecks, and Robert N. Carter, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,790,833 (20140729), Floating-type microbial fuel cell, In Seop Chang and Junyeong An, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (KR). U.S. 8,790,834 (20140729), Fuel cell system and method for controlling the fuel cell system, Keigo Suematsu, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,790,836 (20140729), Fuel cell system and operating method therefor, Takahiro Kaito and Keigo Ikezoe, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,790,837 (20140729), Method for shutting down indirect internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell, Susumu Hatada, JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,790,838 (20140729), Voltage conversion control of a fuel cell system, Takahiko Hasegawa and Kota Manabe, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,790,839 (20140729), High temperature fuel cell system, Daniel Braithwaite, Tibor Fabian, and Friedrich B. Prince, Ardica Technologies, Inc. U.S. 8,790,840 (20140729), Systems and methods for fuel cell thermal management, Sudha Rani LaVen and Luc Rouveyre, DCNS SA (FR). U.S. 8,790,841 (20140729), Metal alloy catalysts for fuel cell cathodes, Karen Marie Brace, Brian Elliot Hayden, Christopher Edward Lee, and Thierry Le Gall, Ilika Technologies Ltd. (GB). U.S. 8,790,842 (20140729), Fuel cell systems including space-saving fluid plenum and related methods, Jeremy Schrooten, Paul Sobejko, and Gerard F. McLean, Société BIC (FR).

U.S. 8,790,843 (20140729), Fuel cell stack, Young-Seung Na, Jun-Won Suh, In-Seob Song, Keun-Yong Lee, Sung-Won Jeong, and Chan-Gyun Shin, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd (KR). U.S. 8,790,844 (20140729), Fuel cell stack, Andreas Reinert, Staxera GmbH (DE). U.S. 8,790,845 (20140729), Hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterned surfaces and methods of making and using the same, Tao Xie, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,790,846 (20140729), Gas diffusion layer and process for production thereof, and fuel cell, Masaki Yamauchi and Yoichiro Tsuji, Panasonic Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,790,847 (20140729), Method for the manufacture of reversible solid oxide cells, Peter Halvor Larsen and Karen Brodersen, Technical University of Denmark (DK). U.S. 8,790,848 (20140729), Process for producing separator and separator, Yusuke Watanabe and Kazutaka Iizuka, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,790,849 (20140729), Manufacturing method for electrode catalyst layer, manufacturing method for membrane electrode assembly, and manufacturing method for fuel cell, Yuichiro Hama and Takayoshi Doi, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,790,850 (20140729), Current collection apparatus and method of processing for a solid oxide fuel cell thereof, Jen-Chen Chang, Maw-Chwain Lee, Rung-Je Yang, Tai-Nan Lin, Yang-Chuang Chang, Wei-Xin Kao, and Lin-Song Lee, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research (TW). U.S. 8,791,043 (20140729), Ordered mesoporous carbon composite catalyst, method of manufacturing the same, and fuel cell using the same, Chan-ho Pak, Hyuk Chang, Ji- man Kim, and Jeong-kuk Shon, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,791,397 (20140729), Induction heating device for fuel cell system, Seong Kyun Kim, Haeng Jin Ko, Su Dong Han, Gi Young Nam, and Yun Seok Kim, Hyundai Motor Co. (KR). U.S. 8,795,861 (20140805), Fuel cell system and vehicle equipped with the same, Shuichi Kazuno, Hibiki Saeki, and Kazunori Watanabe, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,795,906 (20140805), Silicon hydride nanocrystals as catalysts for proton production in water-organic liquid mixtures, Sahraoui Chaieb and Christopher Holt, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (SA). U.S. 8,795,907 (20140805), Compressor system with a freewheeling expander, Marc Becker, Remy Fontaine, and Thomas W. Tighe, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,795,908 (20140805), Fuel cell system, Takahiro Kaito, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,795,909 (20140805), Porous flow field plate for moisture distribution control in a fuel cell, Robert Mason Darling and Shampa Kandoi, Ballard Power Systems Inc. (CA). U.S. 8,795,910 (20140805), Solid oxide fuel cell device, Naoki Watanabe, Yousuke Akagi, Shuichiro Saigan, and Nobuo Isaka, Toto Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,795,911 (20140805), Fuel cell module with a water reservoir including a water storing portion expanding from a cell unit to an anode side, Shunsuke Taniguchi and Takahiro Isono, JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,795,912 (20140805), Systems and processes for operating fuel cell systems, Jingyu Cui, Erik Edwin Engwall, John William Johnston, Mahendra Ladharam Joshi, and Scott Lee Wellington, Shell Oil Co. U.S. 8,795,913 (20140805), Fuel cell system and control method thereof, Hiroaki Mori and Kenji Umayahara, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,795,914 (20140805), Fuel cell system, Shigeto Kajiwara, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,795,915 (20140805), Fuel cell system, Hiroyuki Imanishi, Kota Manabe, Yoshiaki Naganuma, and Tomoya Ogawa, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP).

U.S. 8,795,916 (20140805), Fuel cell system having heat exchanger and preliminary reformer and method of operating the fuel cell system, Tomio Miyazaki, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,795,917 (20140805), Fuel cell system with control of the pressure of the reactants within the system, Naohiro Yoshida, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,795,918 (20140805), Single fuel cell and fuel cell stack, Keita Shimomura, Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,795,919 (20140805), Fuel cell layer, Goro Fujita, Erin Cooney, and James Alexander Sawada, Société BIC (FR) and SANYO Electric Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,795,920 (20140805), Separator and separator seal for polymer electrolyte fuel cells, Daisuke Okonogi, Satoru Terada, Noriyuki Meguriya, and Osamu Hayashida, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP) and Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,795,921 (20140805), Aligning method for repeating and non-repeating units in a fuel cell stack, Jeffrey A. Rock, Benno Andreas-Schott, Thomas P. Migliore, Ivan D. Chapman, Matthew J. Beutel, and Mark W. Keyser, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,795,922 (20140805), Cell for fuel cell and fuel cell, Chisato Kato, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,795,923 (20140805), Reinforced electrolyte membrane for fuel cell, fuel cell membrane-electrode assembly, and solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising the fuel cell membrane-electrode assembly, Yasuhiro Akita, Takeshi Nagasawa, Takeyuki Suzuki, and Toyohiro Matsuura, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP) and W L Gore & Associates Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,795,924 (20140805), Crown ether containing PEM electrode, Timothy J. Fuller, Lijun Zou, James Mitchell, and Michael R. Schoeneweiss, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,795,925 (20140805), Fuel composition for polymer electrolyte fuel cell and polymer electrolyte fuel cell system including same, In-Hyuk Son, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd (KR). U.S. 8,795,926 (20140805), Pump assembly for a fuel cell system, Daniel Braithwaite, Tibor Fabian, Tobin J. Fisher, Jonathan Louis Glassman, Andrew Phillip Gust Peterson, Adam Rodriguez, and Russell Barton, Intelligent Energy Ltd. (GB). U.S. 8,795,927 (20140805), Highly durable electrode catalyst layer, Naoto Miyake, Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,796,170 (20140805), Layered catalyst, Alireza Pezhman Shirvanian, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,796,412 (20140805), Polymer electrolyte membrane, Seong-Ho Choi and Won-Ho Lee, LG Chem, Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,796,984 (20140805), Fuel cell system, control method for the fuel cell system, and vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system, Michio Yoshida and Atsushi Imai, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,801,961 (20140812), Electrocatalyst support and catalyst supported thereon, John W. Weidner and Brenda L. Garcia, University of South Carolina. U.S. 8,802,250 (20140812), Fuel cell bypass diode structures and attachment methods, Matthias Gottmann, Arne Ballantine, and Chockkalingam Karuppaiah, Bloom Energy Corp. U.S. 8,802,266 (20140812), System for operating an electrical energy storage device or an electrochemical energy generation device using microchannels based on mobile device states and vehicle states, Alistair K. Chan, Roderick A. Hyde, Jordin T. Kare, and Lowell L. Wood Jr., The Invention Science Fund I, LLC. U.S. 8,802,305 (20140812), Fuel cell system and processes, Bernd Karuse, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,802,306 (20140812), Fuel cell system and stack thereof, Sang-Il Han, Kah-Young Song, Jin-Hwa Lee, Myoung-Ki Min, and Young-Mi Park, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,802,307 (20140812), Method for producing dihydrogen from hydrogenated silicon, Bernard Gauthier-Manuel, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) (FR) and Universite de Franche-Comte (FR). U.S. 8,802,308 (20140812), Fuel cell system with interruption

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control, Matthias Gottmann, Arne Ballantine, and James F. McElroy, Bloom Energy Corp. U.S. 8,802,309 (20140812), Fuel cell system, Norimasa Ishikawa, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,802,310 (20140812), Fuel cell system, Kenji Umayahara, Tadaichi Matsumoto, Fusaki Igarashi, Michio Yoshida, and Kota Manabe, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,802,311 (20140812), Fuel cell stack structure, Keita Iritsuki, Yasushi Ichikawa, and Yuichiro Tabuch, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,802,312 (20140812), Fuel cell separators capable of suppressing variation in pressure loss, Narutoshi Sugita, Masaru Oda, Masaaki Sakano, Norimasa Kawagoe, and Takashi Kosaka, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,802,313 (20140812), Fuel cell, Tetsuya Ogawa and Koji Dan, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,802,314 (20140812), Reinforced electrolyte membrane for fuel cell, membrane-electrode assembly for fuel cell, and polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising the same, Yasuhiro Akita, Masanori Aimu, Tatsuya Kawahara, Takeshi Nagasawa, Toyohiro Matsuura, Takeyuki Suzuki, Hiroshi Kato, and Hideki Yamada, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP) and W L Gore & Associates, Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,802,315 (20140812), Composition, composite prepared from the composition, electrode using the composition or the composite, composite membrane including the composite, and fuel cell including the composite membrane, Ki-hyun Kim, Pil-won Heo, Chan-ho Pak, and Seong-woo Choi, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,802,316 (20140812), Solid oxide fuel cells having porous cathodes infiltrated with oxygen-reducing catalysts, Meilin Liu, Ze Liu, Mingfei Liu, Lifang Nie, David Spencer Mebane, Lane Curtis Wilson, and Wayne Surdoval, U.S. Department of Energy. U.S. 8,802,317 (20140812), Oxidation-stabilised polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cells, Florian Finsterwalder, Thomas Soczka-Guth, and Manuel Christian Schaloske, Daimler AG (DE). U.S. 8,802,318 (20140812), Compound and composition including compound, with fuel cell, fuel cell electrode and fuel cell electrolyte membrane using same, Seong-woo Choi, Cheol-hee Ahn, Jung-ock Park, and So-young Park, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd (KR) and SNU R&DB Foundation (KR). U.S. 8,802,319 (20140812), Block copolymer electrolyte composite membranes and methods of producing the same, Chong-Min Koo, Soon-Man Hong, Seung-Sang Hwang, Kyung-Youl Baek, Jang-Woo Lee, Jin-Hong Lee, Youn-Duk Park, Kyung-Ho Min, and Ji-Young Jung, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KR). U.S. 8,802,320 (20140812), Electrolytic membrane comprising a crystalline organic and inorganic porous composite for fuel cell, electrode and fuel cell, and fuel cell including the electrolytic membrane and/or the electrode, Seong-woo Choi, Ki-hyun Kim, Kyo- sung Park, and Seon-ah Jin, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,802,321 (20140812), Horizontally graded structures for electrochemical and electronic devices, Peter Halvor Larsen, Peter Vang Hendriksen, Soren Linderoth, and Mogens Mogensen, Technical University of Denmark (DK). U.S. 8,802,322 (20140812), Interconnect-type solid oxide fuel cell and fuel cell stack having the same, Duk-Hyoung Yoon, Sang-Jun Kong, Tae-Ho Kwon, Kwang-Jin Park, Gyu-Jong Bae, Hyun Soh, and Young-Sun Kwon, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,802,323 (20140812), Method for the production of electrical energy from ammonium, Katrien Hemmes and Lambert Hooiveld, HaskoningDHV Nederland BV (NL). U.S. 8,802,324 (20140812), Hybrid sealing composite for flat solid oxide fuel cell stack, Jong-Ho Lee, Hae-Weon Lee, Joo-Sun Kim, Hue-Sup Song, Ji-Won Son, Hae-Ryoung Kim, Sung-Moon Kim, Hyoung-Chul Kim, and Hwa-Young Jung, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KR).

U.S. 8,802,325 (20140812), Fuel cell stack having tightening members, Go Morimoto, Takashi Kuwayama, and Hiroyuki Tanaka, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,802,326 (20140812), Fuel cell separator plate, Steven J. Spencer, Seth D. Valentine, Courtney E. Reich, and Daniel P. Miller, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,802,327 (20140812), Electrode structure capable of separate delivering gas and fluid and passive fuel cell using the same, Fan Gang Tseng, Hsien Chih Peng, and Po Hung Chen, National Tsing Hua University (TW). U.S. 8,802,328 (20140812), Method of producing a shaped part, Marco Brandner, Stefan Gerzoskovitz, Wolfgang Kraussler, Alexander Leuprecht, and Andreas Venskutonis, Plansee SE (AT). U.S. 8,802,329 (20140812), Electrode containing nanostructured thin catalytic layers and method of making, Chunxin Ji and Matthew Dioguardi, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,802,330 (20140812), Method for manufacturing composite separator for fuel cell and composite separator manufactured by the same, Dai Gil Lee, Ha Na Yu, Byoung Chul Kim, Bu Gi Kim, Jun Woo Lim, Jung Do Suh, Byung Ki Ahn, and Sae Hoon Kim, Hyundai Motor Co. (KR) and Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KR). U.S. 8,802,331 (20140812), Non-destructive testing methods for fuel cell interconnect manufacturing, Harald Herchen and Martin Janousek, Bloom Energy Corp. U.S. 8,802,332 (20140812), Fuel cell current collector with loading material deposited thereon and method of making same, Salvador E. Correa, Thomas M. Lucas, and Lawrence J. Novacco, FuelCell Energy, Inc. U.S. 8,802,742 (20140812), Expandable functional TFE copolymer fine powder, expanded products and reacted products therefrom, Ping Xu, Jack J. Hegenbarth, Xin Kang Chen, Rachel Radspinner, Paul D Drumheller, William B. Johnson, and Wen K. Liu, W L Gore & Associates, Inc. U.S. 8,802,793 (20140812), Polymer electrolyte with aromatic sulfone crosslinking, Naiyong Jing, Michael A. Yandrasits, and Steven J. Hamrock, 3M Innovative Properties Co. U.S. 8,807,433 (20140819), Direct methanol fuel cell system, fuel cartridge, system of operation, and system for detecting forgery, Scott C. Harris, Harris Technology, Inc. U.S. 8,808,609 (20140819), Process of making a carbon fiber nonwoven fabric, Takahiro Kitano and Fujio Okino, TEC One Co., Ltd. (JP) and Shinshu University (JP). U.S. 8,808,928 (20140819), Fuel cell, method for operating the same, and electronic device, Takaaki Nakagawa, Hideki Sakai, Hideyuki Kumita, and Masaya Kakuta, Sony Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,808,931 (20140819), Ion exchange filter for fuel cell system, Harlan Robert Goltz and Marvin H. Tegen, Dow Global Technologies LLC. U.S. 8,808,932 (20140819), Fuel cell system, Toyokazu Baika, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,808,934 (20140819), Low power control of fuel cell open circuit voltage, Matthew P. Wilson, Venkateshwarlu Yadha, and Carl A. Reiser, Ballard Power Systems Inc. (CA). U.S. 8,808,935 (20140819), Fuel cell system, Takatoshi Masui, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,808,936 (20140819), Fuel cell system and method for controlling electric current of same, Tamaki Mizuno and Takeshi Ibuka, JX Nippon Oil & Energy Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,808,938 (20140819), Fuel cell system, Robert Hahn and Christian Kunde, Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Foerderung der angewandten Forschung eV (DE). U.S. 8,808,939 (20140819), Fuel cell stack and fuel cell cogeneration system including the same, Yasushi Sugawara, Takahiro Umeda, and Soichi Shibata, Panasonic Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,808,940 (20140819), Solid oxide fuel cell with sealed structure, Frédérique Cordelle and Laure Desmazes, Commissariat a l’Energy Atomique (FR).

U.S. 8,808,941 (20140819), Naphthoxazine benzoxazine-based monomer, polymer thereof, electrode for fuel cell including the polymer, electrolyte membrane for fuel cell including the polymer, and fuel cell using the electrode, Seongwoo Choi and Jungock Park, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,808,942 (20140819), Adhesive for fuel cell and membrane-electrode assembly produced using the same, Satoru Terada, Hiroshi Sohma, and Kenichi Tanaka, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,808,943 (20140819), Membrane electrode assembly including porous catalyst layer and method of manufacturing the same, Dae-jong You, Yoon-hoi Lee, Chan-ho Pak, and Ji-rae Kim, Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (KR). U.S. 8,809,407 (20140819), Expandable functional TFE copolymer fine powder, expanded products and reacted products therefrom, Ping Xu, Jack J. Hegenbarth, Xin Kang Chen, Rachel Radspinner, Paul D. Drumheller, William B. Johnson, and Wen K. Liu, W L Gore & Associates, Inc. U.S. 8,809,483 (20140819), Functionalization of poly(phenylene) by the attachment of sidechains, Michael R. Hibbs, Sandia Corp. U.S. 8,815,335 (20140826), Method of coating a substrate with nanoparticles including a metal oxide, Mahmoud H. Abd Elhamid, Youssef M. Mikhail, Gayatri Vyas Dadheech, and Curtis A. Wong, GM Global Technology Operations LLC. U.S. 8,815,423 (20140826), Fuel cell system comprising voltage adjustment portion, control method for the fuel cell system, and vehicle equipped with the fuel cell system, Michio Yoshida, Atsushi Imai, and Tomoya Ogawa,, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,815,444 (20140826), Composite current collector for an aqueous electrochemical cell comprising a non-metallic substrate, Klaus Tomantschger, Rosecreek Technologies Inc. (CA). U.S. 8,815,447 (20140826), Proton-conductive inorganic material for fuel cell and fuel cell anode employing the same, Jun Tamura, Yoshihiko Nakano, and Yasuhiro Goto, Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (JP). U.S. 8,815,455 (20140826), Hydrogen generator and fuel cell power generator, Akira Maenishi, Yuuji Mukai, and Hiroki Fujioka, Panasonic Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,815,456 (20140826), Fuel cell system, Takashi Shigehisa, Kyocera Corp. (JP). U.S. 8,815,457 (20140826), Method for storing a fuel cell at freezing temperature, Eric Pinton, Yannick Fourneron, and Armel Guillermo, Commissariat a l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (FR). U.S. 8,815,458 (20140826), Fuel cell system and method for controlling stoppage of fuel cell system, Koichiro Furusawa and Kentaro Nagoshi, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,815,459 (20140826), Fuel cell stack with stoichiometry determination in individual cells, Hideyo Oomori, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,815,460 (20140826), Fuel cell system, Kota Manabe, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,815,461 (20140826), Solid electrolyte fuel cell system, Kazufumi Takeuchi, Hiromichi Miwa, Masaharu Hatano, Keiko Kushibiki, and Tatsuya Yaguchi, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,815,462 (20140826), Fuel cell power production system with an integrated hydrogen utilization device, Hossein Ghezel-Ayagh and Fred C. Jahnke, FuelCell Energy, Inc. U.S. 8,815,463 (20140826), Fuel cell system and its control method, Koji Katano, Norio Yamagishi, and Akihisa Hotta, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,815,464 (20140826), Fuel cell, Hidetada Kojima, Masaaki Sakano, and Yasuhiro Watanabe, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,815,465 (20140826), Membrane electrode assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cell and polymer electrolyte fuel cell,

Naoki Mitsuta, Shintaro Tanaka, and Taku Eguchi, Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (JP). U.S. 8,815,466 (20140826), Micro-scale energy conversion devices and methods, Shriram Ramanathan and Alexander C. Johnson, President and Fellows of Harvard College. U.S. 8,815,467 (20140826), Membrane electrode assembly and fuel cells with improved lifetime, Thomas Justus Schmidt, Oliver Gronwald, Detlef Ott, and Christoph Hartnig, BASF SE (DE). U.S. 8,815,468 (20140826), Layered electrodes and membrane electrode assemblies employing the same, Chi Paik, Robert F. Novak, Richard E. Soltis, and Mark S. Sulek, Ford Global Technologies, LLC. U.S. 8,815,469 (20140826), Electrolyte, and fuel cell, Li secondary battery, secondary battery and primary battery using the electrolyte, Akihiro Shinohara, Naoki Hasegawa, Koji Yamada, and Susumu Yamaguchi, Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo Kenkyusho (JP). U.S. 8,815,470 (20140826), Fuel cell catalyst, membrane electrode assembly and solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, Koshi Sekizawa and Haruyuki Nakanishi, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP). U.S. 8,815,471 (20140826), Method of manufacturing fuel cell separator, fuel cell separator and fuel cell, including gold plating, Kuroudo Maeda, Makoto Yoshida, Masahiro Mizuno, and Shinji Dewaki, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha (JP), Aisin Takaoka Co., Ltd. (JP), and Nippon Chemical Denshi, Inc. (JP).

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT1.5V Water Splitter Could Revolutionize Fuel Cells A new fuel cell, powered by a 1.5V AAA battery, could bring low-cost, low emission fuel cells to market. Using a nickel-metal/nickel-oxide catalyst, researchers have replaced the expensive platinum material that’s been standard in fuel cells for decades. In addition, the Stanford team also reduced the amount of voltage required to separate hydrogen from its oxygen captor at room temperature. (See photo on page 1.) Currently, Stanford researchers are working to perfect their cheap catalyst and are targeting the current prototype’s lifecycle. The Stanford catalyst will only last a few days before it degrades to a point where it’s no longer functional. If the device could be made to last for months or years it might prove to be a viable solution for lowering the cost of automotive and industrial fuel cells. Given a cheap, scalable option for fuel cells, modern car makers, infrastructure planners and building managers could see a viable solution for slashing greenhouse gas emissions with fuel cells leading the way.

More Efficient Fuel Cells for Vehicles Researchers have been trying to increase the efficiency of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) by lowering the operating temperatures. In an attempt to create a metal oxide with the properties of metal, researchers at the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) created a new form of metal oxide. This particular


Fuel Cells: The Power to Drive Change TODAY November 10 – 13, 2014

Westin Bonaventure Downtown Los Angeles, California

Advance Registration is open through September 30, 2014.

3 Evening Networking Events!! Visit our website to view full schedule

The annual Fuel Cell Seminar & Energy Exposition is the premier international gathering of the Fuel Cell & Hydrogen Energy industries and their customers and stakeholders. This prestigious conference has hosted participants and exhibitors from around the globe for more than 35 years. Over a four day span, the conference hosts 1,000+ attendees and features more than 200 presentations from around the world.

Featured activities will include world class Plenary Sessions and Hydrogen & Fuel Cell Presentation Tracks, Educational Short Courses and Workshops, a California “Fuel Cell Power and H2 Fueling Station Tour,” a Ride & Drive event, B2B Product Theater event and (2) networking receptions in the EXPO!

Online registration is open through November 7, 2014. For more information, please visit:

www.FuelCellSeminar.com

@FuelCellSeminar find us on @FuelCellSeminar

strontium-chromium oxide performs as a semiconductor, or as a material whose ability to conduct electricity can be turned on and off. It also allows oxygen to diffuse easily, a requirement for a SOFC. Best yet, it allows diffusion at a temperature that can lead to more efficient fuel cells. Researchers at PNNL were attempting to make strontium chromium oxide in a crystalline form called perovskite. In this material, the strontium, chromium and oxygen atoms stack together in a cube. The metal atoms – strontium and chromium – bond completely to the oxygen atoms around them. However, in the material that formed, the strontium chromium oxide packed into a rhombus-shaped crystal and many of the oxygen atoms were missing. The scientists inadvertently generated the material by taking advantage of the natural tendency of chromium atoms to avoid certain bonding environments. They found that their attempts to make metallic SrCrO3 (strontium chromium oxide in a ratio of 1:1:3) lead instead to the formation of semiconducting SrCrO2.8 (with a ratio of 1:1:2.8). Because chromium as an ion with a charge of +4 does not like to form 90º bonds with oxygen, as it must in SrCrO3, SrCrO2.8 forms instead with a completely different crystal structure. This material contains oxygen-deficient regions through which oxygen can diffuse very easily. Those regions may provide a way to take better advantage of the material’s electronic properties.

VEHICLE NEWS

Quant Wins Approval to Test its New FCV Germany’s Quant has received approval from the Distruct Government of Upper Alatinate Bavaria for use of its new fuel cell vehicle, the Quant e-Sportslimousine,

on public roads after detailed testing by SGS-TÜV Saar. According to Quant, its new vehicle can travel for more

than 372 miles on a single tank of fuel. This is thanks to the firm’s “nanoFLOWCELL” technology. The vehicle’s energy system is a hybrid of conventional battery technology and hydrogen fuel cells. Within the system, electrolyte fluid is circulated between two cells , generating an electrical current. This electricity is used to power the vehicle and its various features. It may be some time before the Quant e-Sportslimousine sees a commercial release. The vehicle must be tested extensively for road safety. Throughout the testing process, Quant may make changes to the vehicle and its technology if new issues are discovered.

Energy Fuel Cell for Clarks Van Conversion Clarks Vehicle Conversions of the U.K. has fitted a fuel cell to one of its van conversions for the first time in a bid to create a greener source of energy for the on-board electrics. The command and control vehicle for MacRail, called the Peugeot Boxer, will be used to provide site access control and reporting on railway track renewal operations and civil engineering works. To power all of these electrical items on-board the conversion, Clarks’ engineers have installed an energy efficient fuel cell to maintain charge on two standard auxiliary batteries. “Fuel cells are not often used in the van conversion industry but we aim to start using more of them on our vehicle conversions,” says Gary Stephenson, engineering manager at Clarks. “The fuel cell is perfect for MacRail’s command and control vehicle because it has a lot of electrical equipment on-board that needs an energy-efficient and clean power source.”

Airbus Examines Fuel Cells in Commercial Aircraft With the airline industry’s commitment to halve 2005 CO2 emission levels by 2050 prompting Airbus and others

Page 17


UPCOMING EVENTS

Call for Papers

Deadline: November 14 227th ECS Meeting, May 24-26, Hilton Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Submit a one-page maximum abstract describing the proposed paper’s main points, conclusion, title and contact information electronically at www.electrochem.org. Please use the preformatted two column template at: http://www.electrochem.org/meetings/assets/ abs_template.doc. Contact The Electrochemical Society, 65 South Main St., Pennington, Building D, New Jersey, 08534-2839, phone: (609) 737-1902, fax: (609) 737-2743, or visit www.electrochem.org/meetings/biannual/227/

Deadline: January 15 Battcon, May 12-16, Hilton Bonnet Creek, Orlando, Florida. Submit a brief abstract describing the proposed paper’s main points, conclusion, title and contact information with a biography as a Word file attachment to Michael Salokar at [email protected]. Contact Jack Mack, Albercorp, 3103 N. Andrews Ave. Ext., Pompano Beach, FL 33064, (954) 623-6660, or visit www.battcon.com.

Meetings and Symposia

October 5-10 – 2014 ECS and SMEQ, Moon Palace Resort, Cancun, Mexico. Comprised of the 226th Meeting of The Electrochemical Chemical Society, the 19th Congreso de la Sociedad Mexicana de Electroquimica, and the 7th Meeting of the Mexico Section of The Electrochemical Society. Topics include batteries and energy storage; corrosion; electrodeposition for micro-and nano-battery materials; electrochemical engineering; fuel cells, electrolyzers and energy conversions; and durability in low temperature fuel cells. Info: The Electrochemical Society, 65 South Main St.,

Pennington, Building D, New Jersey, 08534-2839, phone: 1-609-737-1902, fax: 1-609-737-2743, or visit www.electrochem.org/meeting/biannual/226/

October 6-8 – World of Energy Solutions, Messe Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. Trade fair and conference addresses all players involved in the manufacturing of battery and energy storage systems for mobile and stationary applications. All areas are dealt with, from raw materials to turnkey battery systems and fuel cells. Info: Visit http://www.messe-stuttgart.de/en/wes/.

October 28-30 – EV2014VE Conference and Trade Show, Sheraton Wall Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Electric Mobility Canada’s 6th annual event is ideal for those supplying, operating or planning to market or operate battery, plug-in hybrid, hybrid or fuel cell electric vehicles in Canada. See some of the latest battery, hybrid, plug-in hybrid and fuel cell electric vehicles. Info: Visit http://emc-mec.ca/ev2014ve/en/.

November 10-13 – Fuel Cell Seminar & Energy Exposition, Westin Bonaventure, Los Angeles, California. Includes fuel cell development; commercialization, development technology and validation of all types of fuel cell applications; industry status and analysis; and fuels and renewable energy. Demonstrations and Ride-and-Drive are planned. Info: Visit www.fuelcellseminar.com.

November 11-12 – Lithium Battery Power, Capital Hilton Hotel, Washington, DC. Explores new ideas for battery design, battery trends and chemistries; novel materials and components to systems design and integration; electrode and electrolyte materials and technologies; Li-ion; lithium-air/lithium oxygen; lithium-sulphur; metal air; and EV to stationary applications. Info: Craig Wohlers, Knowledge Foundation, phone: 1-617-232-7400 ext. 205, or visit www.knowledgefoundation.com.

November 13-14 – Battery Safety Conference, Capital Hilton Hotel, Washington, DC. Includes impact of battery materials on safety; internal shorts, thermal runaway and stability, aging, and catastrophic failure; abuse tolerance and advanced testing procedures and protocols; cell research and safety, Li-based battery safety at systems level; and safety standards and regulatory issues. Info: Craig Wohlers, Knowledge Foundation, phone: 1-617-232-7400 ext. 205, or visit www.knowledgefoundation.com.

2015

January 26-29 – 2015 European Advanced Automotive Battery Conference, Rheingoldhalle, Mainz, Germany A European-focused advanced automotive and utility-stationary battery conference with international participation.

New this year – a symposium on the emerging market for energy storage systems in utility applications and an OEM battery pavilion in the exhibit area. Info: Contact Jo Anna Mortensen, phone: 1-530-692-1040 ext. 102 or visit http://advancedautobat.com/ conferences/automotive-battery-conference-Europe-2015/ index.html.

February 16-19 – NAATBatt 2015 Annual Meeting and Conference, Wigwam Resort, Phoenix, Arizona. The title of the meeting is “Energy Storage: Electrifying the Future.” Focuses on innovation in the technology, manufacture and applications of electrochemical energy storage. Info: Visit www.naatbatt.org.

March 9-12 – 32nd International Battery Seminar & Exhibit, Broward County Convention Center, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida. Ideal for battery and small fuel cell manufacturers, users, OEMs, product designers, component, equipment and material suppliers, applications engineers, marketing analysts, patent attorneys, investors and those interested in the battery and small fuel cell industries. Info: Craig Wohlers, Knowledge Foundation, phone: 1-617-232-7400 ext. 205, or visit www.powersources.net.

April 27-29 – 7th Advanced Battery Power Conference, Eurogress Aachen, Aachen, Germany. Topics include Li-ion materials and improvements on properties; battery systems; production of battery systems and cells; stationary battery systems; and automotive and mobile applications. Also includes an exhibition. Info: Contact Haus der Technik E.V., phone: +49 20118031 or visit www.battery-power.eu.

May 3-6 – 127th Battery Council Convention + Power Mart Expo, Savannah Westin Hotel, Savannah, Georgia. Dedicated to advancing the lead-acid battery industry’s products and companies successfully into the future. Keep up with emerging technologies and changing regulations to do business more effectively in the global marketplace. At the expo, meet people and learn about the tools that can improve your products, streamline your processes and drive profit margins. Info: Battery Council International, 330 N. Wabash Ave., Suite 200, Chicago, IL 60611, phone: 1-312-644-6610, or visit www.batterycouncil.org.

May 3-6 – 28th International Electic Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition, KINTEX, Goyang, South Korea. Themed “e-Motional Technology for Humans,” EVS28 discusses the next steps needed to make the automobile industry “green” and “sustainable.” Drawing boards showcase innovations from low speed battery electric vehicles to fuel cell electric buses. Includes exhibition, Drive & Ride and technical visit. Info: Visit www.evs28.org.

May 12-16 – Battcon, Hilton Bonnet Creek, Orlando, Florida. Noncommercial, technical event for storage battery

to accelerate the development of alternative jet fuels, Airbus is now getting behind a project to examine the potential for using hydrogen fuel cells on commercial airliners – not to power the jet engines, but to replace the Auxiliary Power Units (APUs). Located in the tail section of the rear fuselage in commercial jet aircraft, APUs are small gas turbine engines responsible for generating on-board electrical power and heat when the aircraft is on the ground, as well as providing power to start the main engines. The three-year research project will be conducted by Hydrogen South Africa (HySA) Systems Competence Centre at its research facility located at the University of the Western Cape in Capetown. Being lighter than an APU, and with the potential to also replace heavy batteries, fuel cells would reduce the weight of the aircraft, the amount of fuel burned and the emissions produced by the aircraft while in the air.

PRODUCT NEWS

Fuel Cell Micro-CHP EU Supply Chain Challenges A new report published as part of the ene.field project analyzes the European supply chain for fuel cell micro-CHP and identifies three main challenges facing the

fuel cell micro-CHP supply chain in Europe. The most seriously limiting factor for the successful development of the supply chain is production volume – the key driver towards reducing system costs. The second challenge is to reduce system complexity and the cost of individual components while developing collaborative strategies between key players – to reduce the price of the final end

product. Finally, large scale public deployment projects to support wide distribution of the systems need to be planned. The ene.field project is co-funded by the European Commission’s Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (FCH-JU), and brings together 25 partners, including eight European manufacturers who will make the products available across 12 EU member states. Europe continues to invest in fuel cell technology and the report reveals that strong political support and additional funding, as seen in Japan, will be required in the coming years to overcome the barriers identified. Visit http://enefield.eu/news/reports/european-supply-chain-analysis-report/ to read the full report.


Advanced Fuel Cell TechnologySeptember/October 2014

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Electrochemical Society ........................................13 Fuel Cell Seminar and Energy Expo........................2International Battery Seminar and Exhibit............5Scribner Associates................................................20

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users from the power, telecom, UPS and other industries. End-users, engineers, battery and battery test equipment manufacturers, installers, and standards and safety experts gather to discuss storage battery innovations and solutions for existing systems; everyday applications; technical advances; and industry concerns. A trade show features storage power related vendors. Info: Jennifer Stryker, Albercorp, 3103 N. Andrews Ave. Ext., Pompano Beach, FL 33064, (954) 623-6660 ext 23806, or visit www.battcon.com.

May 24-26 – 227th ECS Meeting, Hilton Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. Sponsored by the Electrochemical Society, topics include batteries and energy storage; corrosion; electrodeposition for micro-and nano-battery materials; electrochemical engineering; fuel cells, electrolyzers and energy conversions; and durability in low temperature fuel cells. Info: The Electrochemical Society, 65 South Main St., Pennington, Building D, New Jersey, 08534-2839, phone: 1-609-737-1902, fax: 1-609-737-2743, e-mail: [email protected], or visit www.electrochem.org/meetings/biannual/227/

June 16-19 – International Advanced Automotive & Stationary Battery Conference, Detroit Marriott at the Renaissance Center, Detroit, Michigan. International forum for automakers and energy-storage system developers discuss the recent progress in advanced battery technology and its implementation in automotive, stationary, and industrial applications. New this year – a symposium on the emerging market for advanced batteries in utility, telecom and industrial applications, an OEM battery pavilion in the exhibit hall, and Ride & Drive with the latest xEVs! Info: Contact Jo Anna Mortensen, phone: 1-530-692-1040 ext. 102 or visit http://advancedautobat.com/ conferences/automotive-battery-conference-2015/ index.html.

June 30 - July 3 – 11th European SOFC Forum, Kultur- und Kongresszentrum, Lucerne, Switzerland. Includes hydrogen fuel cells (PEFC, PEM, AFC, PAFC), direct alcohol fuel cells (DMFC), microbial fuel cells, and hydrogen production, storage and infrastructure. Engineering, materials, systems, testing, applications and markets include catalysts and membranes; durability and mitigation; diagnostics and modeling; stack and system integration; and electrolysis techniques. Info: Visit www.efcf.com.

June 30 - July 3 – 11th European SOFC Forum, Kultur- und Kongresszentrum, Lucerne, Switzerland. Includes hydrogen fuel cells (PEFC, PEM, AFC, PAFC), direct alcohol fuel cells (DMFC), microbial fuel cells, and hydrogen production, storage and infrastructure. Engineering, materials, systems, testing, applications and markets include catalysts and membranes; durability and mitigation; diagnostics and modeling; stack and system

integration; and electrolysis techniques. Info: Visit www.efcf.com.

August 5-6 – Battery Power, Hyatt Denver Tech Center, Denver, Colorado. Includes new battery designs, improving power management, predicting battery life, regulations and standards, safety and transportation, battery authentication, charging technology, emerging chemistries and market trends. Info: Visit www.batterypoweronline.com.

September 8-11 – 16th Asian Battery Conference, Centara Grand & Bangkok Convention Centre , Bangkok, Thailand. Technical and scientific format also addresses the commercial and socio economic aspects of a growing, developing battery industry. Designed for battery industry executives, customers, marketers, academia, researchers, sales teams, reseller networks and suppliers. Info: Visit http://16abc.conferenceworks.com.au/ asian-battery-conference/about-the-conference/

October 11-16 – 228th ECS Meeting, Hyatt Regency Phoenix & Phoenix Convention Center, Phoenix, Arizona. Cancun, Mexico. Sponsored by the Electrochemical Society, topics include batteries and energy storage; corrosion; electrodeposition for micro-and nano-battery materials; electrochemical engineering; fuel cells, electrolyzers and energy conversions; and durability in low temperature fuel cells. Info: The Electrochemical Society, 65 South Main St., Pennington, Building D, New Jersey, 08534-2839, phone: 1-609-737-1902, fax: 1-609-737-2743, or visit www.electrochem.org.

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