fdr & the results of the new deal objective: i can examine how the power between the branches of...
TRANSCRIPT
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FDR & the Results of the New Deal
• Objective: I can examine how the power between the branches of government changed with the New Deal.
• Preview: Work on your unit page.
• Process: New Deal Notes.
• On Your Own: Movie of choice.
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Who was FDR Helping?• Farmers: (AAA)
• Worst off states: Tennessee (TVA)
• Young men: (CCC/WPA), 3 million men 18-25 years old.
• Teachers: (NIRA/CWA) build schools, pay salaries.
• Workers: (NIRA/NRA) collective bargaining, ban on child labor.
• Homeless/Elderly/Unemployed/Disabled: (FERA/SSA)
• Foreclosed: (HOLC/FHA)
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Under Attack• The New Deal had not ended
the Great Depression.
• FDR had agreed to a policy of deficit spending—spending more money than the government receives in revenue.
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Critics of the New Deal
Liberals• Said the New Deal did not
go far enough to help the poor and to reform the economic system.
• Wanted to eliminate social and economic inequalities.
Conservatives• Said the programs gave
too much control to the government.
• Government too powerful, too big.
• Interfered with the free-market economy.
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FDR Tries to Pack the Courts
• Because two of his programs had been dismantled by the Supreme Court, FDR asked for Congress to pass a court-reform bill to allow him to appoint 6 new Supreme Court justices.
• “Court Packing bill” caused great protest in Congress, separation of powers violation.
• FDR got his way, but not with the bill. 1 elderly justice retired, then over the next 4 years, 6 more retired.
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American Liberty League• Father Charles Coughlin: Roman
Catholic priest, broadcast radio sermons to ~45 million people that combined economic/political/religious ideas. At first a supporter then against, he thought FDR was too friendly with bankers. Anti-Semitism caused him to lose support.
• Dr. Francis Townsend: physician and health officer, thought FDR wasn’t doing enough for the poor and elderly.
• Huey Long: Senator from Louisiana, wanted to run for president, wanted a nationwide social program called Share-Our-Wealth enacted. Take money from the rich and give it to the poor. Was assassinated in 1935.
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Eleanor Roosevelt
• Social reformer & humanitarian.
• Civil rights/women’s rights activist
• Children often wrote to her about their conditions/issues.
• Traveled the country to observe social conditions and reminded the president about the suffering of Americans.
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Election of 1936• Republicans pick Alfred Landon:
governor of Kansas. Only won 2 states.
• Democrats stick with President Roosevelt.
• Marked the 1st time that most African Americans had voted Democrat rather than Republican.
• Most lopsided election in American history.
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The Second New Deal
• Meant to help:
• Sharecroppers/migrant workers/poor farmers
• Professionals: wrote guides to cities, collected slave narratives, painted murals, took pictures, etc.
• Women/minorities: Eleanor Roosevelt
• Young students: financial aid to continue to go to school in exchange for working part-time at that school.
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Social Security Act• Passed in 1935, implemented in
1936.
• Old-age insurance: 65 years and up; half of the money from the worker and half from the employer. Helped make retirement comfortable during this time.
• Unemployment compensation: federal tax on employers from each state.
• Aid to families with dependent children and the disabled: paid for by federal tax money.