FALL 2002 ISSUE

A PUBLICATION OF THE PEABODY MUSEUM AND THE HARVARD UNIVERSITY • 11 DIVINITY AVENUE

DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138

General view of mural, San Bartolo, Guatemala. Drawing by Heather Hurst, 2002. See "Oldest Maya Murals Found," on page three.

Featured in this issue:

In the Collections: A Pony Saddle and the Ghost of William Clark CASTLE McLAUGHLIN, Page 2

Oldest Maya Murals Found WILLIAM SATURNO, Page 3

Marsh all Photography Donation RUBIE WATSON: P. , age 9

In the Collections: A Pony Saddle and the Ghost of William Clark

CASTLE McLAUGHLIN

Castle McLaughlin is Associate Curator, Peabody Museum, Harvard University

There were three primary deposito­ries for the Native American objects acquired by Lewis and Clark on their epic expedition of 1804-1806: President Jefferson's "Indian Hall" at his home, Monticello; the Peale Museum in Philadelphia, and William Clark's collection in St. Louis. Today, the location of only a small number of the Peale Museum materials is known. When that museum closed in 1849-1850, the Boston Museum pur­chased part of the contents, including some of the Native American objects from the expedition. In 1899, these and other former Peale materials were given to the Peabody. Despite con­certed and ongoing research, the fate of Jefferson's Monticello objects and Clark's St. Louis collection is an enduring.mystery.

The disappearance of the William Clark collection has fascinated and puzzled scholars for more than a cen­tury. Clark developed an extensive collection of Native American materi­als while living in St. Louis from 1807 to 1838, where he served as superin­tendent of Indian Affairs and as gov­ernor of Missouri Territory. Clark built a brick house near the St. Louis water­front, attaching a separate council chamber where he could entertain vis­iting dignitaries and tribal delega­tions. He covered the interior walls of his council hall with Indian arma­ments, pipes, and garments, as well as portraits of the chiefs with whom he negotiated treaties. Some of these objects were artifacts of his expedition with Meriwether Lewis, but most were given to him later by Indian leaders or by U.S. military personnel. As the nation's leading Indian diplo­mat and "gatekeeper" to the early West, Clark hosted scores of tribal rep­resentatives and distinguished Anglo­European guests, such as the artist George Catlin, Prince Maximilian of

... ..

Bridle, PM 99-12-10/53045.

Wied, and Duke Paul of Wiirttemberg. Many of his visitors described Clark's collection in their travel accounts, and today his council hall is regarded as having been the first "museum" west of the Missouri River.

After Clark's death in 1838, the entire contents of his hall vanished, along with most records relating to their disposition. During the early twentieth century, scholars, family members, and others sought diligently to find some trace of the Indian arti­facts and oil portraits, all to no avail. Suspicion centered on Albert Koch, an impresario who operated the St. Louis Museum between 1836 and 1841. In 1838, Koch advertised that he had acquired "Indian curiosities" from General Clark before his death. Many investigators have assumed that Koch

Deerskin saddle, PM 99-12-10/53044.

took the materials to Europe and then sold them to private collectors and institutions. David I. Bushnell, an assistant in North American archaeol­ogy at the Peabody Museum, visited the Bern Museum in 1907 and specu­lated that Indian objects donated by St. Louis businessman Alfonso Schoch had originated in the Clark collection, but this hypothesis is contradicted by the testimony of the collector. In 1923, the U.S. Secretary of State investigated the charge that a German museum had illicit possession of the collection but could find no supporting evi­dence. Despite many subsequent efforts to solve this mystery, the trail has remained cold.

Clark's collection was probably dispersed and scattered, with some individual objects ending up in vari-

ous museums, their history and asso­ciation lost. A few early nineteenth­century Native American objects in the Peabody Museum collections seem to closely match items that Clark listed in his museum catalogue (now at the Missouri Historical Society). As described by Clark, these include an Indian "flag staff" (PM 99-12-10/ 53048), an "indian bow with a spear at the end" (PM 99-12-10 / 53118), a "dressed snake's skin" (PM 99-12-10/ 53025), and a cradle with "belts" (PM 99-12-10/ 53016). All of these objects came to the Peabody from the Boston Museum in 1899, as did the documented Lewis and Clark objects. Part of the Boston Museum collec­tions, including the Lewis and Clark material, originated in the Peale Museum in Philadelphia. Thomas Jefferson, William Clark, and Meriwether Lewis all deposited mate­rials with the Peale Museum during the early nineteenth century.

Perhaps the most intriguing Peabody objects that may match Clark's museum records are a child's pony ensemble, consisting of a saddle, crupper (tail ornament), and bridle decorated with porcupine quills (PM 99-12-10/ 53044 and 53045). Clark's catalogue records that Toussaint Charbonneau, the French Canadian trader who accompanied the Lewis and Clark Expedition to the Pacific Ocean with his Shoshone wife, Sakakawea, presented a child's saddle and crupper set to Clark's first-born son, Meriwether Lewis Clark (1809-1881). During the expedition, William Clark became attached to Sakakawea's infant son, Jean Baptiste (Pompy), and offered to raise him. Charbonneau and Sakakawea visited the St. Louis area during 1809-1811, leaving Jean Baptiste with Clark in the spring of 1811. After Sakakawea's death in 1812, Clark became the legal guardian of the boy and his sister, Lisette. The Charbonneau family almost certainly presented the riding gear during 1809-1811, perhaps on the occasion of Meriwether Lewis's birth.

continued on page 14

Oldest Maya Murals Found

WILLIAM SATURNO

William Saturno is Research Associate, Peabody Museum, Harvard University, and Lecturer, University of New Hampshire

In March 2001, fieldwork conducted by the Peabody's Corpus of Maya Hieroglyphic Inscriptions Program led to the discovery of extraordinary ancient Maya wall paintings at the remote ruins of San Bartolo, El Peten, Guatemala. William Saturno, then Maya Corpus Program assistant, came upon San Bartolo in a remote forested region of northeastern Guatemala. While investigating a large pyramid vandalized by a looter's trench, he found that the trench had exposed part of a room, with one visible wall bearing a colorful mural. Although the original extent of the paintings remains unknown, there is little doubt that they continue on the other walls of the structure. Clearly, then, most of the mural remains covered by the fill of the pyramid, awaiting excavation. The quality of the paintings is remark­able, but even more remarkable is their early date. By style the paintings seem to have been created around A.D. 100 to 200, several centuries before any other Maya mural discovered to date.

Following the initial discovery, guards were placed at the ruins and access to the site was improved. In June of 2001, archaeologists Dr. David Stuart of Harvard's Peabody Museum and Dr. Hector Escobedo of Guatemala's Universidad del Valle, along with wall-painting conservation expert Leslie Rainer, artist Heather Hurst, and National Geographic photogra­pher Kenneth Garrett, all joined Dr. Saturno on a return expedition to assess and document the archaeological site and murals.

The murals of San Bartolo provide scholars a unique opportunity to dis­cuss Preclassic Maya cosmology and its importance for the establishment and maintenance of early Maya polities in northeastern Peten and through­out the Maya realm.

Maize god figure from newly discovered mural, San Bartolo, Guatemala.

Symbols • Fall • 2002 • 3

EXHIBITIONS 2001-2002

Day of the Dead candlestick from the Alice B. Melvin Mexican Folk Art Collection. PM 2001.16.1.

Dia de los Muertos: The Day of the Dead, Peabody Museum, Third Floor Gallery, ongoing.

On November 1, the museum opened a new exhibit that includes an altar built with objects from the Alice Melvin Mexican Folk Art Collection and with contributions from a variety of regional artists. Originating with the Aztecs, the Mexican Day of the Dead is a unique blend of Mesoamerican and Christian rituals and is celebrated on November 1, All Saints' Day, and November 2, All Souls' Day. Traditions vary from region to region, but gener­ally families gather in cemeteries to tend and decorate the graves of their departed loved ones and to remember them by telling stories, eating their favorite foods, and dancing in their honor. Many families also build altars at home, which are decorated with flowers and food, especially pan de muerto, "bread of the dead." A festive and social occasion, the holiday wel­comes the return of those who have died and recognizes the human cycle of life and death.

Panel entitled "Homeward Bound" created for the Day of the Dead exhibit by Anne­Tjerk Mante of the Netherlands.

4 • Symbols • Fall • 2002

Charles Fletcher Lummis: Southwestern Portraits, 1888-1896, Peabody Museum, Gallery 12, through August 2003.

Hopi maiden, 1891. Photo by Charles' Lummis. PM 63-22-10/76.

Charles Fletcher Lummis, 1859-1928, was a journalist, historian, ethnographer, archaeologist, photog­rapher, poet, Indian rights and histori­cal preservation activist, and Harvard alumnus. Lummis devoted his per­sonal and professional life to educat­ing Americans about the lives, history, traditions, and beliefs of the peoples of the Southwest, the Pueblo Indians and Hispanic Americans in particular. First and foremost a writer, Lummis's photographic work is diverse, evoca­tive, and arguably as influential as any art photography of his day. Over his lifetime, Lummis produced over 10,000 photographs, most between the years 1888 and 1900.

Today this body of written and photographic work remains a treasure trove of the ethnography and archae­ology of the American Southwest. Much of his work continues to inform

and illustrate serious works about the pueblos and is considered to be an important resource by contemporary Puebloan people.

For the first time, the Peabody is exhibiting a selection of Lummis's favorite photographs from two albums of cyanotypes (blue prints), which he prepared and sent in 1897 to George Parker Winship, a Southwest history specialist and librarian of the John Carter Brown Library and later Widener Library at Harvard.

Embedded Nature: Tapa Cloths from the Pacific Islands, Peabody Museum, Third Floor Gallery, through January 31, 2003.

This exhibition celebrates the Peabody Museum's extensive bark­cloth (or tapa) collections and high­lights the museum's efforts to preserve these valuable cultural arti­facts . The Peabody Museum holds some of the earliest known tapa from the Pacific Islands. In the eighteenth century, European traders returned from their island visits with tapa cloths and tapamaking tools. Some of the objects featured are extremely rare and were collected during the first half of the nineteenth century. The exhibition includes an eighteen-foot­long tapa cloth curtain from Fiji, an Hawaiian bedspread, a very unusual and early headdress from French Polynesia, a rare poncho from Niue, tapa beaters and other tools, and sev­eral nineteenth-century tapa sample books.

Chimpanzee Cultures: New Findings from Kibale, Peabody Museum, Third Floor landing.

The Kanyawara community of chimpanzees in Kibale National Park, Western Uganda, Africa, has been studied by Harvard Professor Richard Wrangham since the 1980s. In 1999, researchers observed startling behav­ior: club use or beating another indi­vidual with a stick. Chimpanzees are the only species other than humans to show such weapon use.

This temporary exhibit on the museum's third-floor landing features

some of the Peabody Museum's objects from the chimpanzee culture of this region, including leaf napkins for dabbing wounds, sticks represent­ing dolls, cracked nut shells, and honey probes.

UPCOMING EXHIBITIONS

These Shoes Were Made for ... Walking? Tozzer Library, 21 Divinity Avenue, February 2003.

An exhibit of the Peabody Museum's extensive collection of shoes from across the globe-Chinese and Turkish slippers, Native American moccasins, wooden shoes, and many more, both simple and exotic.

Painted by a Distant Hand: Mimbres Pottery of the American Southwest, May 2003.

An exhibition of more than 100 prehistoric painted bowls, made by the Mimbres, a pre-Pueblo farming people who lived in what is now the American Southwest from A.D. 200 until the 1100s.

From Nation to Nation: Examining Lewis and Clark's Indian Collection, December 2003

A major exhibition in celebration of the bicentennial of the Lewis and Clark Expedition.

The Peabody Museum is the only known repository of the American Indian objects acquired by Lewis and Clark during their epic trek. This exhi­bition is the culmination of a three­year research effort to reexamine the objects labeled as having been col­lected by Lewis and Clark in the Peabody's collections. See the Lewis and Clark Web site: www.peabody. harvard.edu/lewisandclark.

Catherine Linardos is the Editor of Symbols.

NEW PEABODY MUSEUM APPOINTMENTS

Dr. Pamela Gerardi has been appointed the Peabody Museum's first Director for External Relations. She will be responsible for managing communications, event programming, and fundraising. Pamela received her Ph.D. from the University of Penn­sylvania in Archaeology (Assyriology) and served as Grants Officer and later Director of Organizational Advance­ment at the American Councils for International Education in Washington, D.C. During her seven years at ACIE, she built a new fund­raising and communications division and managed the Councils' successful effort to significantly increase funding for new programs and initiatives. Before moving to ACIE in 1995, Pamela was Associate Editor of the Guide to Historical Literature, a refer­ence work supported by the American Historical Association. Pamela's port­folio at the Peabody includes public relations, advertising, membership, events, visitor services, and develop­ment. She will be working in particu­lar on building the museum's public relations, outreach, and fundraising activities.

India Spartz has been appointed Senior Archivist in the Peabody Museum. She will have overall man­agement responsibility for both photo­graph and paper archives. Before coming to the Peabody India was at the University of Alaska in Fairbanks, where she was Alaska and Polar Regions Archivist in the Rasmunson Library and Associate Professor of Library Science. Besides her archival experience, India has also curated exhibits, her most recent effort result­ing in Eight Stars of Gold: The Story of Alaska's Flag. India received an M.A. in Museum Studies from the Institute of Archaeology at University College London.

Symbols • Fall • 2002 • 5

MOSES MESOAMERICAN ARCHIVE CONFERENCE

On June 10 to 14, the Moses Meso­american Archive and the Peabody Museum hosted an international con­ference, "Mediating Mesoamerica: Teotihuacan, Maya Crossroads, and Harvard's Peabody Museum." Under the direction of David Carrasco and William Fash, the conference explored new scholarship about sacred moun­tains, ceremonial centers, and cultural and political exchanges between Teotihuacan and various Maya city­states during the pre-Hispanic period. Participants also developed a five­year research plan to study the inter­connections between Teotihuacan and the Zapotec city states of Oaxaca.

One day was dedicated to viewing and evaluating selections from the Peabody Museum's Mesoamerican collection and planning, under the guidance of Barbara Fash, strategies for future exhibitions at the museum.

A highlight of the conference was a celebration of two of Mesoamerica's finest scholars, H. B. Nicholson and Eduardo Matos Moctezuma. The Mesoamerican Archive and the

Peabody Museum awarded the inau­gural H. B. Nicholson Award for Excellence in Mesoamerican Studies to Mexico's premier archaeologist, Matos Moctezuma, at a dinner held at the museum. The award is in the form of a bronze medal depicting the image of Quetzalcoatl (the Feathered Serpent), taken from the Box of Hackmack.

Conference participants included: David Carrasco, Director of the Moses Mesoamerican Archive, Harvard University; William Fash, David Stuart, and Barbara Fash, Harvard University; Eduardo Matos Moctezuma, Archaeologist, Mexico; Charles Long, Emeritus, University of California at Santa Barbara; Alfredo Lopez Austin, Leonardo Lopez Lujan, Laura Filloy Nadal, Ruben Cabrera Castro, and Saburo Sugiyama, all from the Instituto Nacional de Antro­pologia, Mexico; Anthony Aveni, Colgate University; H . B. Nicholson, Emeritus, University of California at Los Angeles; Karl Taube, University of California Riverside; Javier Urcid, Brandeis University; Vincente Stanzione, Anthropologist, Guatemala; Scott Sessions, Amherst College; Lindsay Jones, Ohio State University; and Philip Arnold, Syracuse University.

David Stuart, Alfredo Lopez Austin, Eduardo Matos Moctezuma, and Leonardo Lopez Lujan examining copies of Mexican pictorial documents from the Peabody Museum collections.

6 • Symbols • Fall • 2002

Eduardo Matos Moctezuma

H. B. Nicholson

David Carrasco

Department of Anthropology • New Faculty Appointments

Gary Urton has been appointed Dumbarton Oaks Professor of Pre­Columbian Studies. He received the B.A. in History from the University of New Mexico in 1969, the M.A. in Ancient History in 1971, and the Ph.D. in Anthropology in 1979 from the University of illinois, Urbana­Champaign. His teaching specialties cover the areas of South America, the Andes, Amazonia, and native peoples and cultures of North and South America. Topics include South American archaeology, ethnohistory, and ethnology; anthropology and his­tory; comparative literacy; numeracy; cosmology and ethnoastronomy; material culture and art; state forma­tion; and theory. Before coming to Harvard, he was the Charles A. Dana Professor of Anthropology at Colgate University, Hamilton, New York. At Colgate he was the Chairman of the Department of Sociology and Anthro­pology from 1989 to 1992 and Director of the Division of Social Sciences from 1995 to 2000.

Fieldwork and other research include the following: linguistic and ethnographic research on ethnomathe­matics and the language of numbers in Quechua-speaking communities around Sucre, Bolivia, August 1993-July 1994; study of the khipus from Laguna de los Condores, Leyrnebamba (Chachapoyas), Peru,

July-August 1999; an analysis of the khipus and documents from Laguna de los Condores, Leymebamba (Chachapoyas) and Lima, Peru, and Seville, Spain, April-December 2000. As a MacArthur Fellow while on sab­batical leave from Colgate in 2001, he wrote up ten years of research on khi­pus, and he is currently working on a khipu database project at Harvard.

Recent publications by Prof. Urton include The Social Life of Numbers: A Quechua Ontologt; of Numbers and Philosophy of Arithmetic, University of Texas Press, 1997; Inca Myths, The Legendary Past Series, British Museum Press and University of Texas Press, 1999. Edited volumes include Structure, Knowledge, and Representation in the Andes: Studies Presented to Reiner Tom Zuidema on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday, Special issue of the Journal of the Steward Anthropological Society, vol. 24, nos. 1 and 2; and Narrative Threads: Explora­tions of Narrativity in Andean Khipus, Jeffrey Quilter and Gary Urton, eds., University of Texas Press, 2002.

Smita Lahiri has been appointed Assistant Professor in the Department of Anthropology. She received the Ph.D. in Anthropology from Cornell University in 2002 and the B.A. in Philosophy from Bryn Mawr in 1992. The title of her Ph.D. dissertation is "Materializing the Spiritual: Christianity, Community, and History in a Philippine Landscape." Before coming to Harvard, Lahiri was a Graduate Student Instructor, John F. Knight Writing Program, Cornell University, in Spring 2001 and Fall 1999. Published writings include the following: "Writer, Hero, Myth and Spirit: The Changing Image of Jose Rizal," in Southeast Asia Program Bulletin, Fall1999; "Capacity-Building and Consultation" and "Working with Others" in Participatory Development and the World Bank: Potential Directions for Change, Bhuvan Bhatnagar and Aubrey Williams, eds., World Bank

Smita Lahiri

Publications, 1992; and "Review of The Naxalite Movement in Bengal by Sumit Roy," Seminar Magazine (New Delhi), 1993.

HRDY APPOINTMENTS

The Peabody Museum is pleased to announce the appointments of Barbara Fash and Irene Good as Hrdy Visiting Curators for 2001-2002.

Barbara Fash, Director of the Mesoamerican Laboratory at the Peabody Museum, will be planning a new Mesoamerican exhibit for the museum. Barbara has considerable exhibit experience in Copan, Honduras, and at the Peabody. Most recently she worked with David Stuart and Bill Fash to create the new, temporary exhibit, Distinguished Casts: Curating Lost Monuments at the Peabody Museum.

Irene Good is an archaeologist specializing in textile and fiber analy­sis, as well as in research on the socioeconomic significance of archaeo­logical textiles. As Hrdy Visiting

Symbols • Fall • 2002 • 7

Curator, she will concentrate on the museum's collection of Andean (pre­Columbian) textiles. Containing nearly 5,000 textiles and related weav­ing tools, this collection has been described as the most important Andean textile collection outside Peru.

Ilisa Barbash has been appointed Hrdy Fellow for 2002-2003. Before coming to Harvard she served at the University of Colorado as Assistant Professor in Anthropology and Director of the University's Graduate Program in Ethnographic and Trans­cultural Filmmaking. She is co-author with Lucien Taylor of Cross-Cultural Filmmaking: A Handbook for Making Documentary and Ethnographic Films and Videos, University of California Press, 2001, and sole author of articles in Visual Anthropology. Barbash has directed / produced five films (In and Out of Africa and Made in the U.S.A., in collaboration with Lucien Taylor, and My Place, Job Rap, and Shop Well to Eat Well).

During her fellowship year, Barbash will continue to work on her ongoing film projects, begin research on the history of the Peabody New Guinea Expedition of 1961-1963, and contribute to the development of the Peabody's new Program for the Study of Media and Material Culture.

GRANTS AWARDED

Peabody Wins IMLS Grant The Peabody Museum has been

awarded a grant from the Institute of Museum and Library Services to con­serve and rehouse about 1,500 metal objects from the museum's extensive prehistoric collections from Meso­america and South America.

The museum's metal collections include artifacts from the underwater excavations of the Sacred Cenote at Chichen Itza, figurines of gold, and various styles of bells and objects of gold. Objects from Peru include Chimu cups and vessels fashioned from silver and copper alloy and dec­orated with raised and punched

8 • Symbols • Fall • 2002

design. The tumbaga objects in the col­lection are small cast figurines of a gold / copper alloy from Veraguas, Panama.

Peabody Wins National Park Service Grant

The Peabody Museum is pleased to announce that it has been awarded a grant from the National Park Service in support of its ongoing efforts under the Native American Graves Protec­tion and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). The grant will provide for the devel­opment of a Web site, through which the museum can make its collections of Alaskan native cultural items acces­sible and facilitate consultation with the appropriate Alaskan tribes regard­ing the proper care, treatment, testing, and disposition of those items.

OBITUARIES

The Peabody Museum regrets to announce the passing of Muriel Gordon Seabury Howells on July 1, 2002. Beloved wife of 73 years of Harvard anthropologist William White Howells, she was a long-time member and supporter of the Peabody Museum.

The Peabody sadly notes the pass­ing of ethnographer Lorna J. Marshall on July 8, 2002, at the age of 103. Author of some of the earliest studies of the !Kung, she collaborated with her son John Marshall on several films about the !Kung.

Gordon R. Willey, the Charles P. Bowditch Professor of Central American and Mexican Archaeology and Ethnology, died April 28 in Cambridge at the age of 89. Willey was renowned for his innova tive and superbly documented research at numerous archaeological sites in Belize (then British Honduras), Guatemala, and Honduras. He made both substantive and theoretical con­tributions to the archaeology of North and South America and to compara­tive studies with the Old World.

PEABODY MUSEUM POSTS SKHUL V CAT SCANS

TO ITS WEB SITE

In 1932, the fossilized remains of more than ten individuals were recov­ered from Skhul Cave on Mount Carmel in Israel, near the edge of the Mediterranean Sea. The original fos­sils of six individuals (II, ill, V, VI, VII, and VIII) from the cave are in the col­lections of the Peabody Museum. Of the fossilized remains found in Skhul Cave, an adult male called Skhul Vis among the most significant fossils for the study of human evolution. Currently dated between 80,000 and 100,000 years before present, this fos­sil represents one of the oldest­known, nearly complete members of our species, Homo sapiens, that is largely modern in form. That is, it reveals features that are very similar to those of people living today.

Because fossils from both Neanderthals and Homo sapiens have been found in the caves on Mount Carmel, much effort has been expended to date these fossils accu­rately. The early date of Skhul V indi­cates that early modern humans were present in the Levant before Neanderthals, a significant departure from earlier models of human evolu­tion. Neanderthals are found in the region between approximately 45,000 and 75,000 years ago. Modern humans then reoccupied the area after 45,000 years ago.

In 2001, Professor Daniel E. Lieberman of the Anthropology Department at Harvard University, in collaboration with Dr. Peter Ratiu at Harvard Medical School, produced CAT scans of the Skhul V skull. In an agreement with the Peabody Museum, these images are being made available through the Web site to scholars for personal research or teaching purposes (www.peabody. harvard.edu/ osteology.html).

New "Kaats and Bear Pole" carved by Tlingit Master Carver Nathan Jackson for the Peabody Museum, installed November 19, 2001, in the Hall of the North American Indian. The dedication ceremony by Tlingit elders and officials included a blessing and dancing by Nathan Jackson as well as by representa­tives of the village corporation of Saxman, Alaska.

Marshall Photography Donation

RUBIE WATSON

Rubie Watson is William and Muriel Seabury Howells Director, Peabody Museum

On December 15, 2001, the Peabody Museum received an important research collection of photographs and genealogical material from Lorna Marshall, who was associated with the museum for more than fifty years. This collection of 50,000 items documents !Kung hunting-and-gathering communities located in the Kalahari Desert of southwestern Africa between the 1950s and 1961.

Photographic images were created by members of the Marshall Expedi­tion, which included Laurence and Lorna Marshall, their son John, and their daughter Elizabeth. The accompanying genealogical records of named indi­viduals, whose photographs appear in the collection, provide not only invaluable documentation of the images themselves but also a unique source of information for anthropologists, demographers, ecology special­ists, and many other scholars as well. These records were created by Lorna Marshall during the 1950s and were supplemented during the 1980s by John Marshall and Claire Ritchie. John Marshall, President of Documentary Edu­cational Resources and Vice President of Kallam Productions, Inc., is cur­rently working on a multipart film series called A Kalahari Family, which tells the story of a group of !Kung, the Ju'hoansi of Nyae Nyae, from 1950 to the present.

The Kalahari expeditions were financed by Laurence Marshall and spon­sored first by the Peabody Museum; later the Smithsonian Institution joined the Peabody as a co-sponsor. The Marshall Expeditions have inspired hun­dreds of anthropologists including some at Harvard who, in 1963, estab­lished the Harvard Kalahari Research Group, a multidisciplinary, multiyear study of !Kung populations. The Peabody Museum is delighted and hon­ored to receive this research collection, and we are very grateful to Lorna Marshall and the Marshall family for this donation.

Lorna Marshall giving out rations at Okwa (BechuanaJand), 1955. PM Accession 2001.29, PM Photo 55-5T-12.

Symbols • Fall • 2002 • 9

News from the Department of Anthropology

Ofer Bar-Yosef, George Grant MacCurdy and Janet G. B. MacCurdy Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology, attended the Society for American Archaeology annual meetings, April 2002 in Denver, where he served as discussant in two sessions and pre­sented a paper entitled "The Dating of the Middle and Upper Paleolithic of the Caucasus" during the meeting of the Paleoanthropological Society. Recent publications by Bar-Yosef include "Dating the Transition from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic," in Datation. XXI rencontres internationales d'archeologie et d'histoire d'Antibes, J.-N. Barrandon, P. Guibert, and V. Michel, eds., 2001; "From Sedentary Foragers to Village Hierarchies: The Emergence of Social Institutions," in The Origin of Human Social Institutions, G. Runci­man, ed., Proceedings of the British Academy, 110:1-38, 2001; "In quest for Paleolithic human behaviour," in A Very Remote Period: Papers on the Paleolithic Presented to Derek Roe, S. Milliken and J. Cook, eds., Oxbow, 2001; "A Personal View of Earth Sciences' Contributions to Archaeology," in Earth Sciences and Archaeology, P. Goldberg, V. T. Holliday, and C. R. Ferring, eds., Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, 2001. Other publications include "From Africa to Eurasia­Early Dispersals" (co-authored with A. Belfer-Cohen), Quaternary International 75:19-28, 2001; "Lithic and Social Geographic Configurations Identifying Neolithic Tribes in the Levant," in Beyond Tools. Studies in Early Near Eastern Production, Sub­sistence, and Environment 3, I. Caneva, C. Lemorini and D. Zampetti, eds., Ex Orient, Berlin, 2001; and "The World around Cyprus: From Bpi-Paleolithic Foragers to the Collapse of the PPNB Civilization," in The Earliest Prehistory of Cyprus, S. Swiny, ed., ASOR, 2001.

Current research by Bar-Yosef includes continued excavations with Dr. T. Meshveliani (Georgian State

10 • Symbols • Fall • 2002

Museum) and Prof. A. Belfer-Cohen (Hebrew University) in Dzudzuana Cave, western Georgia.

William L. Fash, Bowditch Professor of Central American and Mexican Archaeology and Ethnology, has been elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the nation's preeminent learned society and research institution.

Arthur Kleinman, Presley Professor of Medical Anthropology, received the Franz Boas Award for Exemplary Service to Anthropology at the 100th annual meeting of the American Anthropological Associ­ation. Kleinman is widely recognized for significantly advancing medical anthropology as an important field of study. He received the award on December 1, 2001, in Washington, D.C. He also gave the Theodore Woodward Lecture, AOA Honor Society, University of Maryland, and received the Key to the City of Shanghai, on behalf of the Shanghai Health Bureau.

Prof. Kleinman co-edited with col­leagues at Nlli and the Institute of Medicine in the NAS the following publications: "The Science and Ethics of the Placebo," "Preventing Suicide," and, with Prof. Veena Das and others, "Remaking a World: Ethnographies of Communities' Responses to Violence." He published two works in French as follows: "Sante et stigmate, Note sur le danger, !'experience morale et les sci­ences sociales de la sante," Actes de Ia Recherche ensciences sociales, no. 143: 97-99,2002, and with A. Petryna, "La mondialisation des categories: la depression a l'epreuve de l'universel," L'autre, Cliniques, cultures et societe 2(3): 467-480, 2001. He co-directed (with Prof. Jing Jun) the Harvard-Tsinghuz University Workshop on Medical Anthropology, Beijing, in June. His research interests include suicide and depression in China, W. H. R. Rivers in anthropology and medicine, and stigma.

C. C. Lamberg-Karlovsky, Stephen Phillips Professor of Archaeology and Ethnology, was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Science by the Russian Academy of Sciences and was elected a Foreign Fellow of the Russian Academy and the Institute of Classical Studies and Archaeology. In July, he attended the Seminar for Arabian Studies at the British Museum. In the summer prior to 9/11, his archaeologi­cal excavations near Quetta, Pakistan, were cancelled by the Pakistan Government for security reasons. Thus, last summer from July to early September, he undertook a survey of archaeological sites and excavations in south Russia, the Altai, and Central Asia with the intention of initiating a major excavation.

In November, he was invited by the President of Turkmenistan to address a conference sponsored by UNESCO, "The Heritage of Turkmen­istan," held in Asgabat, Turkmenistan.

Recent publications include "Archaeology and Language: The lndo-Iranians," Current Anthropology 43(1):63-88, 2002; "Converting Currencies in the Old World," with Alfredo Maderos, Nature 411:382, 2001; Excavations at Tepe Yahya, 1967-1975, The Third Millennium, by D. T. Potts, Bulletin 45, American School of Prehistoric Research, 2001; "On Pins and Needles: Tracing the Evolution of Copper-Based Alloying at Tepe Yahya, Iran, via ICP-MS Analysis of Common­Place Items," with Christopher Thornton, Journal of Archaeological Science 29(12):1451-60, 2002.

On October 2, 2002, on the occasion of his 65th birthday, a festive celebra­tion was held at the Peabody Museum at which Dan Potts presented Volume 37 of Iranica Antiqua, written by stu­dents, colleagues, and friends, in honor of Professor Lamberg-Karlovsky.

Prof. David Maybury-Lewis was invited to deliver the keynote address, "Anthropology in an Age of Confusion," at the annual meeting of

ANPOCS (The National Association of Social Science Programs) in Brazil in Fall 2001. Prof. Maybury-Lewis has been elected to the Brazilian Academy of Sciences. Publications by Maybury­Lewis in 2001 include Indigenous Peoples, Ethnic Groups and the State (Second Edition), Allyn and Bacon, Boston, and "Introduction: Ethnicity and Culture" in Peoples of the World , K. M. Kostyal, ed., The National Geographic Society. In 2002, publica­tions include the following: The Politics of Ethnicity: Indigenous Peoples in Latin American States (as editor and contributor), Harvard University Press; "Genocide against Indigenous Peoples" in Annihilating Difference: The Anthropology of Genocide, Hinton, ed., University of California Press; and "From Extinction to an Uncertain Future" in At the Risk of Being Heard: Papers in Honor of the 25th Anniversary of Cultural Survival, Dean and Levi, eds., University of Michigan Press. Maybury-Lewis continues his research on the Indian question in the Americas and also continues his work with Cultural Survival, the NCO founded by him and his wife that works to defend indigenous rights worldwide.

Pauline Peters, Lecturer in the Social Anthropology Wing, is cur­rently conducting research on the processes of agrarian transformation, agricultural commercialization, and socioeconomic differentiation in Malawi. In addition, she has been working in collaboration with research teams in Southern African countries, most recently Zimbabwe and Malawi, on dynamics of resource management with special reference to water and land intersections (for example, small-scale irrigation).

Presentations include keynote address to the International Sympo­sium on Contested Resources in Southern Africa, Cape Town, invited paper to the Institute for Global Studies, Johns Hopkins University, speaker at the meeting, "Land Policy and the Institutional Framework, World Bank and USAID," and the AAA (American Anthropological

Association) and ASA (African Studies Association) meetings.

Publications by Peters include the following: Development Encounters: Sites of Participation and Knowledge (edited), Harvard University Press for HIID, 2000; "Maps, metaphors and meanings: Boundary struggles and vil­lage forest use on private and state land in Malawi," co-authored with Peter Walker, in Society and Natural Resources 14, 5 (May):411-424, 2001; "Bewitching Land: The Role of Land Disputes in Converting Kin to Strangers and in Class Formation in Malawi," in Journal of Southern African Studies 28(1):155-178, 2002; and "The Limits of Negotiability: Security, Equity and Class Formation in Africa's Land Systems," in Negotiating Property in Africa, Kristine Juul and Christian Lund, eds., Heinemann, 2002.

David Pilbeam, Hemy Ford II Professor of the Social Sciences, was on leave for the 2001-2002 academic year and used the time to write up extensive data on infraspecific axial skeletal variation in primates and other mammals and to learn about the molecular embryology of the axial skeleton. Recent publications by Prof. Pilbeam include the following: "Sivapithecus and hominoid evolu­tion: Some brief comments" (with N. Young), in Hominoid evolution and cli­mate change in Europe, Vol. 2, L. de Bonis, G. Koufos, and P. Andrews, eds., Cambridge University Press, 2001; "Perspectives on the Miocene Hominoidea," in The Primate Fossil Record, W. Hartwig, ed., Cambridge University Press, 2002; "New Siva­pithecus postcranial specimens from the Siwaliks of Pakistan" (with S. Madar, M. Rose, J. Kelley, and L. MacLatchy), Journal of Human Evolu­tion 42:705-752, 2002; "African apes as time machines" (with R. Wrangham), in All Apes Great and Small, Vol. 1, African Apes, B. Galdikas, N . Briggs, L. Sheeran, G. Shapiro, and J. Goodall, eds., Plenum/Kluwer, 2002; and "A new hominid from the Upper Miocene of Chad, Central Africa," (with M. Brunet first author and many oth­ers), Nature 418:145-151,2002.

Kay Kaufman Shelemay, G. Gordon Watts Professor of Music, has been elected to a two-year term as Chair of the Board of Trustees of the American Folklife Center at the Library of Congress. The American Folklife Center documents and pre­serves the largest collection of materi­als relating to the traditional cultural heritage of the United States.

Prof. Stanley Tambiah's latest publication is Edmund Leach: An Anthropological Life, Cambridge University Press, March 2002. He was elected in June 2002 as Honorary Member of the Alpha Iota of Massachusetts, The Phi Beta Kappa Chapter of Harvard College. After retirement on June 30, 2002, he will bear the title "Esther and Sidney Rabb Research Professor of Anthropology."

Prof. Emer. Evon Z. Vogt, Jr., is cur­rently researching and writing a book, Maya Souls, which is being co­authored by Dr. David Stuart. Prof. Vogt is covering the ethnographic data on the contemporary Maya concepts of souls, while Dr. Stuart is responsi­ble for the archaeological, epigraphic, and iconographic data on the pre­Columbian Maya. The book will be published by the University of New Mexico Press.

Prof. Vogt's recent publications include "The Harvard Chiapas Project: 1957-2000," in Chronicling Cultures: Long-term Field Research in Anthropology, Robert V. Kemper and Anya Peterson Joyce, eds., Altarnira Press, 2002.

Professor Kay B. Warren has been named a 2002-2003 Fulbright Scholar, University of Tokyo. Her research topic is "Japanese Overseas Develop­ment Assistance to Latin America: Structural Reforms, Global Issues, and Social Development from an Anthro­pological Perspective."

James L. Watson, Fairbank Professor of Chinese Society and Professor of Anthropology, has been elected the 42nd President of the Association for Asian Studies. The AAS is the largest organization of

continued on page 16

Symbols • Fall • 2002 • 11

News from Peabody Museum Curators and Staff

Patricia Capone, Associate Curator, attended the meeting of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act Review Committee in November 2001 and gave a presen­tation on the Peabody Museum's com­pliance with the Act. In March 2002 at the Society for American Archaeology 67th Annual Meeting in Denver, she presented a paper entitled "Ceramic Technology and Organization of Pro­duction of Rio Grande Glaze Wares." She also presented in the symposium "The Social Life of Pots: Glaze Wares and Cultural Transformations in the Late Prehistoric Southwest."

Recent publications include "Ceramic Semiotics: Women, Pottery, and Social Meanings at Kotyiti Pueblo" (with Robert W. Preucel) in Archaeologies of the Pueblo Revolt, Robert W. Preucel, ed., University of New Mexico Press, 2002.

Capone's personal research cur­rently involves serving as consultant to Arizona State University and the Pueblo of Picuris in exploration of the history, technology, and raw materials' sources of micaceous ceramic wares (Principal Investigator: Prof. Elizabeth Brandt, Arizona State University).

Lawrence J. Flynn, Assistant Director, attended the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology annual meet­ing from October 3 to 6, 2001, at the Museum of the Rockies, Bozeman, Montana, and gave a talk entitled "Forested Habitat in the Late Miocene of the Indian Subcontinent." He was the invited speaker at the Eastern Asian Paleoenvironments meeting, October 27 to Nov. 1 in Hong Kong, and he presented a paper entitled "Late Miocene Paleoenvironmental Change in the Indian Subcontinent."

Recent publications include "Late Cenozoic Mammal Record in North China, and the Neogene Mammal Zonation of Europe" (with Wu Wenyu) in Bolletino della Societa

12 • Symbols • Fall • 2002

Paleontogica Italiana, 2001; and "Faunal and Environmental Change in the La te Miocene Siwaliks of Northern Pakistan" (with J. C. Barry, M. E. Morgan, D. Pilbeam, A. K. Behrensmeyer, S. Mahmood Raza, Imran A. Khan, C. Badgley, J. Hicks, and J. Kelley) in Paleobiology Memoirs, Memoir no. 3, vol. 28, sup­plement to no. 2, 2002.

Irene Good, Curatorial Associate, was awarded the Astor Visiting Lectureship, Oxford University, Spring 2003, and the ASPR award to initiate study on ancient wool, Jtme 2002.

Recent publications by Dr. Good include "On the Earliest Evidence for Pile Carpet: Textile Fragments from Shahr-i Sokhta, Eastern Iran" in Pro­ceedings of the First National Congress on Iranian Studies, H . Habibi, editor in chief, Tehran, in press, 2002; "Textiles as Medium of Exchange in Third Millennium BCE Western Asia" in Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World, V. Mair, ed., University of Pennsylvania Press, in press, 2002; "Archaeological Textiles: A Review of Current Research," in Annual Reviews of Anthropologz; 30:209-226, 2001.

"The Archaeology of Early Silk" was the title of a paper presented at the 12th annual meetings of the Textile Society of America, Northampton, Massachusetts, September 2002. Dr. Good presented a paper entitled "Cloth and the Demarcation of Space in Pazyryk Culture" at the 66th annual meetings of the Society for American Archaeology, Denver, in a session organized and chaired by Irene Good and Kathryn Linduff, March 2002. "Textiles as Medium of Exchange in Third Millennium BCE Western Asia" was the title of a paper presented at the international confer­ence "Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World," chaired by Victor Mair, May S-6, 2001.

Speaking engagements by Dr. Good include the following: "From Mats to Mantles: Andean Textiles of the Peabody Museum," Peabody Museum, May 2002, and "On the Earliest Evidence for Pile Carpet: Textile Fragments from Shahr-i Sokhta, Eastern Iran," a paper presented at the First National Congress on Iranian Studies, Tehran, Iran, June 2002.

Ian Graham, Director of the Corpus of Maya Hieroglyphic Inscriptions Program at the Peabody Museum, has had published by the University of Oklahoma Press a biog­raphy, Alfred Maudslay and the Maya, and is working, both in Mexico and at the Peabody Museum, on the fourth fascicle of the Corpus of Maya Hiero­glyphic Inscriptions to be devoted to the sculpture of Tonina, Chiapas, Mexico.

T. Rose Holdcraft, Conservator, presented a paper entitled "Planning and Implementing Conservation and Rehousing Projects with Finite Resources: Focus on Pacific Islands and African Collections" at the objects specialty group session of the American Institute for Conservation annual meeting, June 2001. A recent publication by Holdcraft is "Research, Exhibition and Preservation of the Barkcloth Collections from the Pacific in the Harvard Peabody Museum" in Barkcloth: Aspects of Preparation, Use, Deterioration, Conservation and Display, Margot M. Wright, ed., Archetype Publications, Ltd., 2001.

In August and September 2001, Holdcraft traveled to Rarotonga (Cook Islands), Tahiti, and New Zealand in part (as Hrdy Guest Curator) to speak with contemporary tapa makers. While there, she purchased several tapa items for the Peabody Museum collection, with some (five small constructed tapa flower hairpins) featured in the current temporary exhibit Embedded Nature: Tapa Cloths from the Pacific.

Diana Loren, Associate Curator, attended the Society for Historical Archaeology annual meeting held in Mobile, Alabama, in January 2002, and co-organized a session (with Rob Mann, Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University) entitled "Bridging the Great Divide: Current Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Continuity, Conflict, Negotiation and Change in the Greater

Southeast, A.D. 1100-1850." She also presented a paper entitled "Picturing the Mississippian Southeast through Images and Objects" in that session.

Recent publications include "Social skins: Orthodoxies and practices of dressing in the early colonial lower Mississippi Valley," Journal of Social Archaeology 1(2):172-189, 2001; "Manipulating Bodies and Emerging

Traditions at the Los Adaes Presidio," in The Archaeologt; of Traditions: Agency and History Before and After Columbus, Timothy R. Pauketat, ed., University of Florida Press, 2001; and "Keeping up appearances: Dress, architecture, furniture, and status at French Azilum" (with Rob Mann), International Journal of Historical Archaeology 5(4):281-307, 2001.

Peabody Museum Summer 2002 Interns

In addition to the interns mentioned below, other interns at the Peabody Museum in the summer of 2002 included the following: Heather Ahlstrom, University of Denver; Bianca Buccitelli, University of Pennsylvania; Clara Lewis, Smith College; Cristina Monfasani, Harvard University; Kenny Rosado, Cambridge Rindge and Latin School; and Erin Waxenbaum, Brandeis University.

Kathryn Batley, Connecticut College student intern, taking digital photographs of the Hall of the North American Indian.

Kathryn McEneny and Caitlin Barrett, Harvard University student interns, examining Northwest Coast basketry whaler's hat, PM 99-12-10/53080.

Shavonne Noble, Cambridge Ridge and Latin School student intern, entering data for the inventory project.

Patricia Pforte, Cambridge Rindge and Latin School student intern, working on the inventory project in the Peabody Museum Annex.

Symbols • Fall • 2002 • 13

THE PEABODY ON THE ROAD

The following loans were made during the past academic year:

The Road to Aztlan: Art from a Mythic Homeland, Austin Museum/ Texas Fine Arts Association (10/5-12/30/2001) and Albuquerque Museum (2/10-4/28/2002);

The Sport of Life and Death: The Mesoamerican Ballgame, Mint Museum of Art, Charlotte, North Carolina, (9/24/2001-1/6/2002) and the New Orleans Museum of Art (2/1/2002-4/20/2002);

Blood: Power, Politics and Pathologtj, Museum fur Angewandte Kunst Frankfurt am Main (11/11/2001-1/ 27 /2002);

Mayan Religion, Museum of World Religions Foundation, Taipei Branch (11 /9/2001-11/9 /2003);

Utah 's First Nations, Utah Museum of Natural History, Salt Lake City (1/1/2002-7 /28/2003);

Splendid Isolation: Art of Easter Island, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (12/12/2001-9/7 /2002);

Our Expanding Universe: Celebrating a Century of Carnegie Science, 1902-2002, Carnegie Institution of Washington (12/1/2001-5/31/2002);

North Americans in the Aegean Bronze Age, Arthur Ross Gallery, Philadelphia (1 I 5/2002-3/25 /2002);

A Curious and Ingenious Art: Reflections on Daguerreotypes at Harvard, Harvard University Art Museums (1/29 /2002-4/14/2002);

Temporary exhibition, President's Office, Harvard University (1/11/2002-1/11/2003); and a perma­nent exhibition, The Indiana Story, Indiana State Museum, Indianapolis (6 /3/2002-6/3 /2003).

Research and teaching loans were made to Dartmouth College, Harvard University Department of Anthro­pology, Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for the Aged Research and Training Institute, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Temple University, University of Durham, and Williams College Museum of Art.

14 • Symbols • Fall • 2002

McLaughlin continued from page 3

There is no documentation linking the Peabody's pony ensemble to Clark. However, there are a number of ways that some of Clark's materials could have ended up in the Peale Museum before it was sold in the 1840s. Clark knew Charles Willson Peale and continued to send objects to both Peale and Jefferson in the years following the expedition. Also, a number of individuals who report­edly acquired objects from Clark's St. Louis collection, such as the artist James Reid Lambdin, later donated Indian materials to Peale. Most inter­estingly, Peale purchased "an exten­sive and very complete" collection of Indian materials from two St. Louis traders under questionable circum­stances in 1836, two years before Clark's death. One of the traders was Paul Loise, also known as Paul Choteau, a mixed-blood member of the St. Louis trading dynasty who served as an interpreter for Clark between 1815 and 1825. Choteau and his partner were caught trying to illic­itly take Indian people to Europe, where they hoped to make a fortune on the exhibition circuit. It is possible that they had somehow acquired part of Clark's collection, which they then sold to Peale.

The child's pony ensemble at the Peabody is formally consistent with the kind of riding gear that Sakakawea and Charbonneau might have presented to Clark's young son. The saddle and crupper were made for a small pony, probably a child's first mount. The soft "pad saddle" is a type that was used by men and boys. The saddle, crupper, and bridle (which may or may not have been part of the original ensemble) are all decorated with porcupine quills dyed in the characteristic color palette of the early nineteenth century: brown, orange, yellow, white, and a pale green-blue. The style of the quillwork is particularly intriguing because it is historically associated with peoples of mixed heritage and with cross­cultural gift giving. The crupper is

quilled in delicate, curvilinear forms that originated in the Eastern Wood­lands and may have been influenced by European embroidery. Design ele­ments include stylized insects and plants. Quillwork and beadwork exe­cuted in this fashion are often associ­ated with garments and trappings made by Canadian Metis Cree and with Santee Dakota (eastern Sioux) people. But the late Dennis Lessard pointed out that this style, which he called "breedwork," was widely pro­duced along the Missouri River, par­ticularly by Indian women who were married to non-Indian men. Fur traders, Indian agents, and later, Wild West performers such as Buffalo Bill favored garments and accoutrements quilled and beaded in this decorative frontier style, which became emblem­atic of cross-cultural panache. As a bicultural couple engaged in the trad­ing business, Charbonneau and Sakakawea lived at the center of these crossroads.

The Lewis and Clark Expedition initiated official relations between the U.S. Government and tribes west of the Missouri. This act opened the fur trade to American interests, which in turn increased and compli­cated Indian-white relationships in the West. While we may never know for certain whether young Meriwether Lewis Clark was the for­tunate child who owned this beauti­ful pony ensemble, it certainly evokes the cultural milieu into which he was born. It also reminds us that history is made in part through indi­vidual life stories and is preserved in objects of personal value.

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HARVARD HOT TICKET

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The Arthur M. Sackler Museum houses an impressive collection of ancient, Asian, Islamic, and Later Indian art. 459 Broadway.

The Busch-Reisinger Museum is devoted to the art of Germany, Austria, and related cultures in north­ern Europe. 32 Quincy Street.

The Fogg Art Museum houses works of art from the Middle Ages to the present. 32 Quincy Street.

The Harvard Museum of Natural History is home to halls of animals, dinosaurs, meteorites, and minerals, including the internationally renowned Glass Flowers Collection. 26 Oxford Street.

The Peabody Museum of Archae­ology and Ethnology offers revolving exhibits representing the archaeology and cultures of six continents. 11 Divinity Avenue.

The Semitic Museum houses Harvard's collections of ancient Near Eastern art and archaeology, including excavated artifacts from museum­sponsored expeditions to Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Levant. 6 Divinity Avenue.

Buy your Harvard Hot Ticket at any of the participating museums or at the Harvard Collections store located in Holyoke Center in Harvard Square.

PHOTO CREDITS

Maize god figure, page 3, photo by William Saturno. Photos of Moctezuma, Nicholson, Carrasco, and group, page 6, by Alana Toronto. Intern photos, page 13, by Jose Falconi. All other photos by Hillel Burger unless otherwise noted. © 2002 President and Fellows of Harvard College, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology.

PEABODY MUSEUM LOBBY RENOVATED

Construction in the Peabody Museum's lobby was completed in October 2002. The lobby's function is now more clearly defined, and improved color schemes and lighting, including new chandeliers, have renewed the lobby as a grand two-story space.

The Peabody Museum lobby before renovations

The renovated Peabody Museum lobby

Symbols • Fall • 2002 • 15

Anthropology News continued from page 11 scholars who work on Asian societies. Watson's term includes a year as Vice President (2002-2003) followed by a year as President (2003-2004). He has published on a wide variety of topics, including ancestor worship, family and kinship organization, popular religion, funeral rituals, food systems, migration theory, and the emergence of a post-socialist culture in the People's Republic of China. He has co-edited conference volumes with historians Evelyn Rawski (Death Ritual in Chinese Society, 1988) and Patricia Ebrey (Kinship Organization in Late Imperial China, 1986). In 1977 he pub­lished a collection of essays entitled Between Two Cultures: Migrants and Minorities in Britain. This was one of the first books to appear on the sub­ject of European multiculturalism, and it sparked a major controversy in British academic circles.

Prof. Nur Yalman has been much involved in pursuing the elusive goal of the promotion of peace between ethnic groups and the development of international law in some critical places and participated in a confer­ence in Moscow arranged by Japanese and German foundations for this pur­pose. His paper was concerned with the critical problems in ethnic rela­tions in the Russian Federation, with special reference to the Caucasus.

A conference on the "Dialogue of Civilizations," was held in the ancient city of Isfahan, Iran, in April 2002 and attended by representatives from many countries. Yalman's presenta­tion was about the sources of fanati­cism in religious traditions and fanaticism's nefarious influence on the search for peace.

An international conference was held at the Graduate Institute for Policy Studies in Tokyo in February and March 2002. Yalman's presenta­tion was entitled "Terror and Cultural Diversity: An Assessment after 9 /11." He also lectured at the University of Hawaii on the comparison between secular Turkey and the Islamic Republic of Iran.

16 • Symbols • Fall • 2002

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Prof. Yalman is a member of the Board of Trustees of Koc University in Istanbul, Turkey, a major private insti­tution, which recently hosted Richard Holbrooke as a graduation speaker on the prospects for peace in the Balkan and Middle East areas.

Recent publications include the fol­lowing: in La Vanguardia (Barcelona), "El mundo arabe: esperando a Bismarck" in "Hacia donde va el islam?" (February 2002); "Moderniza­cion y religion en el islam," La Van­guardia (November 2001); an article on the anthropology of Sufi and Bhakti traditions entitled "Further Observa­tions on Love (and Equality)" in Cul­tural Horizons, J. Warner, ed., Syracuse University Press, 2001; "Religion and Civilization" in Dialogue of Civiliza­tions: A New Peace Agenda for a New Millennium, M. Tehranian and D. W. Chappell, eds., IBTauris: London and New York, 2002; "Thinking Across Cultures," interview with Patti Marxwsen, Boston Research Center for the 21st Century, Newsletter, Fall 2002/Winter 2003, no. 20; and "Dialogue of Civilizations: Efforts Beyond the Self in World Religions" in SCI Quarterly: Buddhist Perspectives on Peace, Culture and Education, Jan­uary 2002.

NEW BOOK SERIES HIGHLIGHTS PEABODY

COLLECTIONS

The Peabody Museum is home to an unmatched collection of ethnologi­cal and archaeological items from around the world, but research priori­ties and limited exhibition space have kept much of this wealth of materials from public view. To introduce the museum's rich and varied collections to a wide general audience, the Peabody Museum Press has devel­oped the Collections Series, a new series of illustrated books slated to begin publication in the Fall of 2003. Authored by Peabody researchers or distinguished visiting scholars, each book will present the history and use, manufacturing materials and tech­niques, and cultural significance of the materials in a particular collection, with color illustrations of over two dozen of that collection's finest pieces. Currently in the works are books on the Claflin Collection of Southwest Indian textiles by Laurie Webster, the Curtiss Collection of Mississippian effigy vessels by John House, the Mecklenburg Collection of Iron Age antiquities by Gloria Greis, Pre­Columbian Andean textiles by Irene Good, and Northwest Coast carved spoons by Anne-Marie Victor-Howe. The Press plans to issue two to three Collections Series volumes each year.