feb. 13, 2015 contents -...

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While Chemwatch has taken all efforts to ensure the accuracy of information in this publication it is not intended to be comprehensive or to render advice Websites rendered are subject to change

Copyright Chemwatch 2015 copy 1

Feb 13 2015

Contents(click on page numbers for links)

LeGiSLATiON

ASiA PACiFiCInventory Multi-tiered Assessment and Prioritisation (IMAP) FrameworkmdashTranche 12 reports 3New Consultation Paper Review of Microbiological Criteria 3China to Impose Consumption Tax on batteries and Coatings 3Submissions on proposed changes to hazardous substances management ndash closing soon 4

AMeRiCAePA Finalises Updates to Air Standards for Future Wood HeatersPhased-in updates will ensure a smooth transition to cleaner and more efficient wood heaters 5CSb Releases Safety bulletin on Anhydrous Ammonia Incident near Mobile Alabama Safety bulletin Notes Five Key Lessons to Prevent Hydraulic Shock 6Fertilizer Safety Alliance Signed 8

eUROPeWork-related cancers often overlooked 9eU Commission Guidance published on their CIRCAbC website (Communication and Information Resource Centre for Administrations businesses and Citizens) 11Pesticides experts endorse new eU list of candidates for substitution 11eU biocides Regulation 5282012 (eU bPR) ndash Update to the HSe biocides Website 12

ReACH UPdATeeCHA awarded ISO 90012008 certificate 14Ask eCHA about authorisation applications 14eCHA releases an update of R4bP 32 to increase its flexibility 15eCHA tightens its practice on dossier updates 15


Feb 13 2015

ContentsJANeTrsquoS CORNeR

Pavlovrsquos Cat 17

HAzARd ALeRTDimethylacetamide 18

GOSSiPNew - and worrisome - contaminants emerge from oil and gas wells 24ePA report finds pesticide poses risk to workers spurs calls for ban26Feeling old It might be from heavy metal 28Two dead in LG TV factory accident 29Autism link to air pollution raised 30Scientists discover lsquogame-changingrsquo new antibiotic for first time in 30 years 31Drug pollution risk lsquoa global responsibilityrsquo 32Healthy Diet May Curb Dysfunction that Leads to Cardiovascular Disease 33bPrsquos Fine for Gulf of Mexico Spill Capped by Ruling 34Levels of Persistent Flame Retardants Decline in San Francisco bay 35bPA exposure affects heart health of males females differently in mouse models 37Damaged DNA amplified by activities such as smoking 38Chewing sugar-free gum removes as much oral bacteria as flossing 39Music festival sees spike in MDMA pollution in water 40Drinking coffee may protect against certain types of skin cancer 42

TeCHNiCAL NOTeSeNVIRONMeNTAL ReSeARCH 44MeDICAL ReSeARCH 44OCCUPATIONAL ReSeARCH 44PUbLIC HeALTH ReSeARCH 45


Feb 13 2015

The National in-dustrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NiCNAS) will be giv-ing interested parties the opportunity to comment on the as-sessment outcomes of iMAPmdashTranche 12 re-ports within the eight weeks following their initial publication

ASiA PACiFiC

inventory Multi-tiered Assessment and Prioritisation (iMAP) FrameworkmdashTranche 12 reports2015-02-09The National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NICNAS) will be giving interested parties the opportunity to comment on the assessment outcomes of iMAPmdashTranche 12 reports within the eight weeks following their initial publication Publication of these reports will occur during the week beginning 9 February 2015 Public comments should be provided to NICNAS using the IMAP public comment form Guidance on submitting comments is also available

NICNAS Chemical Gazette 3 February 2015

httpwwwnicnasgovauPublicationsChemical_Gazette

New Consultation Paper Review of Microbiological Criteria2015-02-09On 16 January Food Standards Australia New Zealand (FSANZ) released a consultation paper detailing its proposed approach and guiding principles for the stage 2 review of microbiological limits in the Food Standards Code FSANZ welcomes comments and information on the paper from stakeholders until close of business 27 February 2015 A copy of the consultation paper is available at Read the consultation paper Details on how to make a submission can be found at Read more about how to make a submission

Food Standards News January 2015

httpwwwfoodstandardsgovau

China to impose Consumption Tax on Batteries and Coatings2015-02-09According to a recent notice issued by the Chinese Ministry of Finance (MOF) from this 1 February 2015 a 4 consumption tax will be applied to batteries and coatings at the point of their manufacture or importation The tax is designed to promote energy conservation and environmental protection exemptions are granted to mercury-free primary batteries

Legislation


Feb 13 2015

New zealandrsquos envi-ronmental Protection Authority (ePA) are seeking feedback on the proposals for the first five ePA Notices which will simplify the key requirements for hazardous substances under the HSNO Act

Legislationnickel-metal hydrogen storage batteries (aka Ni-MH batteries Ni-hydrogen storage batteries) lithium primary batteries lithium ion storage batteries solar batteries fuel batteries and all-vanadium redox flow batteries Lead storage batteries are subject to a grace period that will end on 31 December 2015 Lead storage batteries will also be subject to this tax from 1 January 2016 Coatings that release less than 420 gL volatile organic compounds (VOC) at worksites are exempted Note A primary battery of which the mercury content is less than 00001 of the total battery weight or 00005 for button cell batteries is regarded as a mercury-free primary battery Further information is available (in Chinese) at MOF notice on 2015-01-26

Chemlinked 29 January 2015

httpchemlinkedcomennews

Submissions on proposed changes to hazardous substances management ndash closing soon2015-02-09New Zealandrsquos environmental Protection Authority (ePA) are seeking feedback on the proposals for the first five ePA Notices which will simplify the key requirements for hazardous substances under the HSNO Act The notice proposals cover

bull hazard classificationbull labellingbull safety data sheetsbull packaging andbull enforcement officer qualificationsSubmissions close 9 February 2015 for the proposed changes to the hazardous substances enforcement officer qualifications and 20 February 2015 for the other four notice proposals ePA Notices are a new mechanism proposed under amendments to the HSNO Act that will allow the agency to simplify key requirements for hazardous substances management Theyrsquoll also allow the ePA to consolidate and update requirements that are currently spread across regulations transfer notices individual approvals and group standards Notices will be approved by the ePA board rather than going through Cabinet so will be able to be updated more easily and kept up to date with international developments The consultation documents are available at httpwwwepagovt


Feb 13 2015

The United States environmental Protec-tion Agency (ePA) is finalising standards to limit the amount of pollution that wood heaters which will be manufactured and sold in the future can emit

Legislationnzconsultationshazardous-substancesPagesnotices-consultation-documentsaspx

NZ ePA 2 February 2015

httpwwwepagovtnz

AMeRiCA

ePA Finalises Updates to Air Standards for Future Wood HeatersPhased-in updates will ensure a smooth transition to cleaner and more efficient wood heaters2015-02-09The United States environmental Protection Agency (ePA) is finalising standards to limit the amount of pollution that wood heaters which will be manufactured and sold in the future can emit These standards which were last updated in 1988 reflect the significantly improved technology that is now available to make a range of models cleaner burning and more efficient This final rule will provide important health benefits to communities across the country and will be phased in over a five-year period giving manufacturers time to adapt their product lines to develop the best next-generation models to meet these new standards The final rule does not affect current heaters already in use in homes today It also does not replace state or local requirements governing wood heater use Instead it ensures that consumers buying wood heaters anywhere in the United States in the future will be able to choose from cleaner-burning models Wood heaters which are used around the clock in some areas can increase particle pollution sometimes called soot to levels that pose serious health concerns Particle pollution is linked to a wide range of serious health effects including heart attacks strokes and asthma attacks People with heart vascular or lung disease older adults and children are the most at risk from particle pollution exposure Smoke from wood heaters also includes volatile organic compounds carbon monoxide and air toxics ePArsquos updated standards will build on the work that states and local communities have done to improve air quality in these communities and are based on significant improvements in technology emissions from new models will be reduced by roughly two-thirds improving air quality and providing between $34 and $76 billion in public health benefits This means that for every dollar spent to bring cleaner heaters to market the American public will see between $74 and $165 in health benefits Consumers purchasing new models will also benefit from efficiency


Feb 13 2015

Recently the United States Chemical Safety Board (CSB) released a safety bulletin intended to inform industries that utilise anhydrous ammonia in bulk refrigeration opera-tions on how to avoid a hazard referred to as hydraulic shock

Legislationimprovements which means they will use less wood to heat their homes Consumers can play an important role in cutting pollution by following the guidelines in their ownerrsquos manuals and following best burning practices available on ePArsquos website ePA conducted extensive public outreach as it developed the proposed rule seeking input from numerous wood heater manufacturers state local and tribal governments regional air quality agencies and citizen and environmental groups The agency also participated in a Small business Advocacy Review Panel to seek input and advice as it developed the proposed rule based on public comment on the proposal and additional information submitted to the agency the agencyrsquos final standards make a number of important updates from the proposal including changes to provide manufacturers the time and flexibility they need to ensure a smooth transition to cleaner heaters ePA is also updating the final emissions limits to reflect changes the agency made to the emissions test method requirements based on input received during the comment period The Clean Air Act requires ePA to set new source performance standards (NSPS) for categories of stationary sources of pollution that cause or significantly contribute to air pollution that may endanger public health or welfare The agencyrsquos final rule announced recently updates the 1988 standards for woodstoves and sets the first-ever federal standards for hydronic heaters wood-fired forced air furnaces (also called warm-air furnaces) pellet stoves and a previously unregulated type of woodstove called a single burn-rate stove These standards do not cover fireplaces fire pits pizza ovens barbecues or chimineas ePA received nearly 8000 comments on the proposed rule and held one public hearing More information is available at httpwww2epagovresidential-wood-heaters

US ePA 4 February 2015

httpwwwepagov

CSB Releases Safety Bulletin on Anhydrous Ammonia incident near Mobile Alabama Safety Bulletin Notes Five Key Lessons to Prevent Hydraulic Shock2015-02-09Recently the United States Chemical Safety board (CSb) released a safety bulletin intended to inform industries that utilise anhydrous ammonia in bulk refrigeration operations on how to avoid a hazard referred to as hydraulic shock The safety lessons were derived from an investigation into a 2010 anhydrous ammonia release that occurred at Millard Refrigerated


Feb 13 2015

LegislationServices Inc located in Theodore Alabama The accident occurred before 900 am on the morning of 23 August 2010 Two international ships were being loaded when the facilityrsquos refrigeration system experienced ldquohydraulic shockrdquo which is defined as a sudden localised pressure surge in piping or equipment resulting from a rapid change in the velocity of a flowing liquid The highest pressures often occur when vapour and liquid ammonia are present in a single line and are disturbed by a sudden change in volume This abnormal transient condition results in a sharp pressure rise with the potential to cause catastrophic failure of piping valves and other components - often prior to a hydraulic shock incident there is an audible ldquohammeringrdquo in refrigeration piping The incident at Millard caused a roof-mounted 12-inch suction pipe to catastrophically fail resulting in the release of more than 32000 pounds of anhydrous ammonia The release led to one Millard employee sustaining injuries when he fell while attempting to escape from a crane was after it became engulfed in the travelling ammonia cloud The large cloud travelled a quarter mile from the facility south toward an area where 800 contractors were working outdoors at a clean-up site for the Deepwater Horizon oil spill A total of 152 offsite workers and ship crew members reported symptomatic illnesses from ammonia exposure Thirty-two of the offsite workers required hospitalisation four of them in an intensive care unit Chairperson Rafael Moure-eraso said ldquoThe CSb believes that if companies in the ammonia refrigeration industry follow the key lessons from its investigation into the accident at Millard Refrigeration Services dangerous hydraulic shock events can be avoided - preventing injuries environmental damage and potential fatalitiesrdquo entitled ldquoKey Lessons for Preventing Hydraulic Shock in Industrial Refrigeration Systemsrdquo the bulletin describes that on the day before the incident on August 22 2010 the Millard facility experienced a loss of power that lasted over seven hours During that time the refrigeration system was shut down The next day the system regained power and was up and running though operators reported some problems While doing some troubleshooting an operator cleared alarms in the control system which reset the refrigeration cycle on a group of freezer evaporators that were in the process of defrosting The control system reset caused the freezer evaporator to switch directly from a step in the defrost cycle into refrigeration mode while the evaporator coil still contained hot high-pressure gas The reset triggered a valve to open and low temperature liquid ammonia was fed back into all four evaporator coils before removing the hot ammonia gas This resulted in both hot high-pressure gas and extremely low temperature liquid ammonia to be present in the coils and associated piping at the same time This caused the hot high-pressure ammonia


Feb 13 2015

The United States Occupational Health amp Safety Administra-tion (OSHA) and the environmental Protection Agency (ePA) have signed an alliance with the Fertilizer Safety and Health Partners to provide information to workers first responders and com-munities that include agricultural retail and supply facilities in order to increase their protection from the dangers associated with those chemicals

Legislationgas to rapidly condense into a liquid because liquid ammonia takes up less volume than ammonia gas ndash a vacuum was created where the gas had been The void sent a wave of liquid ammonia through the piping ndash causing the ldquohydraulic shockrdquo The pressure surge ruptured the evaporator piping manifold inside one of the freezers and its associated 12-inch piping on the roof of the facility An estimated 32100 pounds of ammonia were released into the surrounding environment Investigator Lucy Tyler said ldquoThe CSb notes that one key lesson is to avoid the manual interruption of evaporators in defrost and ensure control systems are equipped with password protection to ensure only trained and authorised personnel have the authority to manually override systemsldquo In addition the CSb found that the evaporators at the Millard facility were designed so that one set of valves controlled four separate evaporator coils As a result the contents of all four coils connected to that valve group were involved in the hydraulic shock event ndash leading to a larger more hazardous pressure surge As a result the CSb notes that when designing ammonia refrigeration systems each evaporator coil should be controlled by a separate set of valves The CSb found that immediately after discovering the ammonia release a decision was made to isolate the source of the leak while the refrigeration system was still operating instead of initiating an emergency shutdown Shutting down the refrigeration system may have resulted in a smaller release since all other ammonia-containing equipment associated with the failed rooftop piping continued to operate A final key lesson from the CSbrsquos investigation is that an emergency shutdown should be activated in the event of an ammonia release if a leak cannot be promptly isolated and controlled Doing so can greatly reduce the amount of ammonia released during an accident

US Chemical Safety board 15 January 2015

httpwwwcsb

Fertilizer Safety Alliance Signed2015-02-09The United States Occupational Health amp Safety Administration (OSHA) and the environmental Protection Agency (ePA) have signed an alliance with the Fertilizer Safety and Health Partners to provide information to workers first responders and communities that include agricultural retail and supply facilities in order to increase their protection from the dangers associated with those chemicals OSHArsquos announcement said the alliance will focus on the safe storage and handling of fertilizers such as ammonium nitrate and anhydrous ammoniardquo ldquoIncidents such as the


Feb 13 2015

The British Oc-cupational Hygiene Society (BOHS) has called for far greater acknowledgement of the role of work-related factors in causing cancers

Legislationhorrific explosion at the West Fertilizer Company in West Texas that killed 15 people including emergency response personnel highlight the hazards in storing and handling ammonium nitraterdquo said Dr David Michaels assistant secretary of labor for occupational safety and health ldquoThese tragedies are preventable and this alliance shows that we are working together to address hazards prevent injuries and save livesrdquo The new alliance is part of the federal governmentrsquos response to President Obamarsquos executive Order 13650 Improving Chemical Facility Safety and Security which he signed following the devastating West explosion The order directed federal agencies to improve their coordination with state and local partners improve federal agency coordination and information sharing modernise policies regulations and standards and work with stakeholders to identify best practices One action to which OSHA committed itself was to form an alliance with the fertilizer industry emergency response organisations and other federal agencies to develop ways to promote best practices for ammonium nitrate safety During the two-year agreement the alliance will develop outreach materials and case studies on safe storage and handling of fertilizers and best practices for emergency response procedures to releases of ammonia or fires in facilities that store ammonium nitrate The Fertilizer Safety and Health Partners comprise the Agricultural Retailers Association International Association of Fire Fighters National Volunteer Fire Council Fertilizer Institute and Ammonia Safety Training Institute

Occupational Health amp Safety News 3 February 2015

httpwwwohsonlinecom

eUROPe

Work-related cancers often overlooked2015-02-09The british Occupational Hygiene Society (bOHS) has called for far greater acknowledgement of the role of work-related factors in causing cancers The bOHS warned that neglecting to understand and control occupational exposures to carcinogens by means of highly effective occupational hygiene solutions threatens a bright future where cancer is largely eliminated in years to come The call came in response to World Cancer Day 2015 which is taking a positive and proactive approach to the fight against cancer with the slogan lsquoNot beyond usrsquo The Society welcomed this approach to the global fight against cancer and the excellent level


Feb 13 2015

Legislationof awareness-raising which is being achieved in highlighting the role of healthy lifestyle choices such as keeping fit giving up smoking eating well and drinking in moderation in beating cancer However bOHS is concerned that all too often the work-related causes of cancer fail to be properly acknowledged and are overlooked in the media and other sources of information about cancer This the Society says reinforces a lack of awareness around occupational exposures to carcinogens In turn it means that the simple and cost effective occupational hygiene solutions which can eliminate these risks are under-employed within organisations with grave consequences for public health Commenting on the issue Mike Slater the president of bOHS said ldquoOn World Cancer Day 2015 we welcome the message that solutions do indeed exist across the continuum of cancer ldquoHowever it is vital that governments employers and the public understand that occupational exposure is a major cause of cancer which should be much more publicly highlighted along with smoking and diet and alcohol consumption As an illustration people at the highest risk of lung cancer caused by diesel exhaust emissions are miners and professional drivers To be blunt this high risk will not be favourably altered just by miners and drivers eating healthily or keeping fit However occupational hygienists can suggest straightforward solutions which will control the work-related risks This message needs to be more widely sharedrdquo The Society has warned that by 2060 in the absence of action 13000 people a year (in contrast to the current estimated level of 8000) will be dying in Great britain from preventable occupational cancers These figures are based on research by the leading medical statistician Dr Lesley Rushton Mike Slater continued ldquoCancer will never be eliminated unless there is also better awareness of occupational exposures and so we neglect work-related exposures to carcinogens at our peril ldquoRather than simply waiting for cures to be discovered we should be aware that right now we already have the occupational hygiene technology and skills to prevent many types of cancer from developing in the first place This is not wishful thinking ndash these occupational hygiene solutions are currently available and within our grasprdquo

Safety amp Health Practitioner 4 February 2015

httpwwwshponlinecouk


Feb 13 2015

in recent months the european Commission has published various guidance documents

LegislationeU Commission Guidance published on their CiRCABC website (Communication and information Resource Centre for Administrations Businesses and Citizens)2015-02-09In recent months the european Commission has published various guidance documents These guidance documents can be downloaded from the eU Commissionrsquos CIRCAbC website (Communication and Information Resource Centre for Administrations businesses and Citizens) In this folder you will find recently added guidance and information on research and development (RampD) exclusion and substitution criteria biocidal product family authorisations various guidance documents for rodenticides authorisations and updated guidance on treated articles along with information on various other topics If the above link doesnrsquot take you to the Documents finalised at CA meetings folder you will need to follow these steps to access it

1 When you arrive at the lsquoWelcome to CIRCAbCrsquo webpage Click on lsquobrowse categoriesrsquo to the left

2 Scroll down to the lsquoeuropean Commissionrsquo list and choose lsquoenvironmentrsquo

3 On the next page select lsquobiocides - Regulation 5282012 - Publicrsquo (the 5th item on the list)

4 Then select lsquolibraryrsquo from the left hand side5 Choose lsquoDocuments finalised at CA meetingsrsquo - The guidance

documents will be listed in alphabetically order If you want to view the most recently published guidance click on lsquoModified Datersquo heading

HSe biocides Update 6 February 2015

httpwwwhsegovuk

Pesticides experts endorse new eU list of candidates for substitution2015-02-09A european Commission proposal to establish an eU list of 77 candidates for substitution was recently endorsed by eU Member State experts Candidates for substitution (CfS) are pesticides for which national authorities need to carry out an assessment to establish whether more favourable alternatives to using the plant protection product exist including non-chemical methods The aim is to encourage more sustainable crop protection This new list is the result of a comprehensive


Feb 13 2015

Following the amendment to the eU Biocides Regulation 5282012 (eU BPR) and the publication of the new Biocides Review Regulation the information available on the Health and Safety executives biocides website has been updated

Legislationreview of the active substances which are currently on the market and extensive consultation with stakeholders It is based on an independent study tasked by the Commission The study contains a comprehensive analysis of all active substance on the market on 31 January 2013 The findings of the study provided a solid evidential basis for the listing of an active substance as a CfS in a comprehensive database that will be updated on a regular basis The list is neither to be misconstrued as a list of banned substances nor as a ranking of CfS All active substances featuring on the list will still be available on the market and are deemed safe but could be substituted in time when a viable alternative is made available Approval periods for CfS are limited to a maximum of 7 years However current approval periods will not be affected Pesticides are mainly used in agricultural production to keep crops healthy and prevent them from being destroyed by pests and diseases The placing on the market of pesticides is governed by Regulation (eC) No 11072009 Under this Regulation to qualify as a CfS an active substance must meet specific criteria based on the properties it contains (both toxicological and environmental) Further information is available at httpeceuropaeufoodplantpesticidesapproval_active_substancesindex_enhtm

europa 27 January 2015

httpwwwefsaeuropaeu

eU Biocides Regulation 5282012 (eU BPR) ndash Update to the HSe Biocides Website2015-02-09Following the amendment to the eU biocides Regulation 5282012 (eU bPR) and the publication of the new biocides Review Regulation the information available on the Health and Safety executives biocides website has been updated

Whatrsquos new

bull Key element of the Review Regulationbull NanomaterialsWhatrsquos changed

The following information has been updated

bull FAQrsquosbull How to check the status of a biocides active substance


Feb 13 2015

LegislationIf you are a company marketing a biocidal product or producing an active substance the information on our website may help you comply with the requirements of eU bPR Please note the information on HSe biocides website is the UK Competent Authorityrsquos current understanding of the requirements and may be subject to change


httpwwwhsegovuk


Feb 13 2015

On 15 december 2014 the european Chemicals Agency (eCHA) received the iSO 9001 certificate by Lloydrsquos Register Quality Assurance

eCHA awarded iSO 90012008 certificate2015-02-09On 15 December 2014 the european Chemicals Agency (eCHA) received the ISO 9001 certificate by Lloydrsquos Register Quality Assurance The scope of certification covers the Agencyrsquos scientific technical and administrative tasks under the ReACH and CLP regulations and the development of supporting IT applications The certification marks a further success of the Agency The certificate is a visible result and achievement to the benefit of our Stakeholders It attests that the Agency applies internationally recognised good business practices encouraged by the good result of the external evaluation the Agency is committed to continuously improve its services to the satisfaction of customers and stakeholders Further information is available at

bull How we work IQMS pagesbull CertificateeCHA 26 January 2015

httpechaeuropaeu

Ask eCHA about authorisation applications2015-02-09Are you a Small or Medium Sized enterprise (SMe) and planning to apply for authorisation to use a substance of very high concern Have you still got questions about the process Why not ask eCHA The agency will be at your service on 25 February 2015 from 1000 and 1200 Central european Time and will provide support in your own language (where there is more than one official language for your country eCHA will offer at least one of them) book a personal time for a phone discussion online and tell us your question in advance eCHA will then call you at the agreed time More information is available at httpechaeuropaeuask-echa-about-authorisation-applications

eCHA 29 January 2015

httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update


Feb 13 2015

it is now possible to make certain ap-plications for product authorisations under renewal and to apply for renewal of an authorisation subject to a change

REACH UpdateeCHA releases an update of R4BP 32 to increase its flexibility2015-02-09It is now possible to make certain applications for product authorisations under renewal and to apply for renewal of an authorisation subject to a change Until now to protect the integrity of the data it was not possible to make applications on product authorisations under renewal or to apply for renewal of an authorisation if an application was already ongoing for this authorisation Consequently applicants have not been able to start applications involving for example changes to a product authorisation subject to an ongoing renewal application until the renewal has been granted To address the issues raised by industry and some Member States the european Chemicals Agency (eCHA) has now removed this limitation Companies can now apply to change merge or even transfer their assets in those applications currently subject to a renewal The opposite action is now also possible for example a company can submit an application for authorisation renewal even if there is an ongoing application for changes Further information is available at

bull bPR Practical Guide on National Authorisationsbull bPR Practical Guide on changes of biocidal productsbull R4bP3 web pageeCHA 29 January 2015

httpechaeuropaeu

eCHA tightens its practice on dossier updates2015-02-09The european Chemicals Agency (eCHA) has started to implement its new compliance check strategy The goal is to increase efficiency and transparency in dossier evaluation and focus on those substances that matter the most for human health and the environment Some practices will also change as of January 2015

Increased transparency of compliance check plans

eCHA starts publishing a list of substances for which a compliance check would in all probability be conducted This gives the registrants the possibility for early dossier updates before the compliance check starts However the list is indicative and non-exhaustive eCHA reserves the right to open further compliance checks on any dossier at any time and


Feb 13 2015

REACH Updatewithout prior notice to the registrants The compliance check will mainly focus on eight key endpoints which are outlined in the new compliance check strategy These are genotoxicity repeated-dose toxicity pre-natal developmental toxicity reproduction toxicity carcinogenicity long-term aquatic toxicity biodegradation and bioaccumulation endpoints

Compliance checks no dossier updates considered during the decision-making

To shorten processing times eCHA will no longer take into account dossier updates after the draft decision on a compliance check has been sent to the registrant for comments The change does not affect the 30-day period given to registrants to submit comments on the draft decision Comments will be taken into account in the decision making eCHA continues to offer informal interaction with registrants to clarify the process and content of the draft decision The registrants are expected to update their dossier after the final decision before the given deadline eCHA will evaluate whether the requirements of the decision are met after this deadline

Testing proposals 60 days to update

When the registrants receive a draft decision on a testing proposal they will have 30 days to comment and a further 30 days to update their dossier where relevant To avoid unnecessary testing on vertebrate animals a more flexible approach may on request be taken in case of testing proposals involving read-across and categories for two or more registered substances The applicable deadlines will be stated in eCHArsquos draft decision and the notification letter

Further information can be found at

bull Compliance checksbull New compliance check strategybull Substances potentially subject to compliance checks during 2015bull Fact sheet on following up to dossier evaluation decisionseCHA 28 January 2015

httpechaeuropaeu


Feb 13 2015

Pavlovrsquos Cat2015-02-09

Pinterest

httpswwwpinterestcom

Janetrsquos Corner


Feb 13 2015

dimethylacetamide (dMA or dMAc) also known as acetic acid-dimethylamide NN-dimethylacetamide or acetyldimethyl-amine is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)N(CH3)2[1]

dimethylacetamide2015-01-20Dimethylacetamide (DMA or DMAc) also known as acetic acid-dimethylamide NN-dimethylacetamide or acetyldimethylamine is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)N(CH3)2[1]

It is a colourless (to yellow) water miscible oily polar hygroscopic liquid with a faint specific amine-like odour DMAc is miscible with most other organic solvents including alcohols ethers esters ketones chlorinated and aromatic compounds although it is poorly soluble in saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons It has a good thermal and chemical stability [2]

USeS [2]

Dimethylacetamide is used for many organic reactions and industrial applications It can be a reactor solvent or plasticiser for cosmetic and pharmaceuticals an extraction agent for gases and oils It can be applied as a solvent for the manufacture of films acrylic fibres X-ray contrast media polyimide resins polysulfones and cellophane

SOURCeS amp ROUTeS OF exPOSURe [34]

Dimethylacetamide is used in industrial settings only The possible routes of potential exposure for workers are inhalation contact with the skineyes and ingestion Dimethylacetamide may enter the body through the skin

HeALTH eFFeCTS

Acute Health effects

Ingestion

bull Swallowing of the liquid may cause aspiration into the lungs with the risk of chemical pneumonitis serious consequences may result

bull When NN-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) given to humans in daily doses (400 mgkg for 3 days) depression lethargy confusion and disorientation ensued In some patients there were visual and auditory hallucinations perceptual distortions delusions emotional detachment and effective blunting all reminiscent of the reactions induced by mescaline and by lysergic acid derivatives

bull Considered an unlikely route of entry in commercialindustrial environments

Hazard Alert


Feb 13 2015

Hazard Alertbull The liquid may produce gastrointestinal discomfort and may be

harmful if swallowedeye

bull evidence exists or practical experience predicts that the material may cause eye irritation in a substantial number of individuals

bull Prolonged eye contact may cause inflammation characterised by a temporary redness of the conjunctiva (similar to windburn)

Skin

bull Skin contact with the material may be harmful systemic effects may result following absorption

bull The material is not thought to be a skin irritant (as classified using animal models) Temporary discomfort however may result from prolonged dermal exposures

bull Open cuts abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material

bull entry into the blood-stream through for example cuts abrasions or lesions may produce systemic injury with harmful effects examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected

Inhalation

bull Inhalation of vapours or aerosols (mists fumes) generated by the material during the course of normal handling may be harmful

bull The material is not thought to produce respiratory irritation (as classified using animal models) Nevertheless inhalation of vapours fumes or aerosols especially for prolonged periods may produce respiratory discomfort and occasionally distress

bull Inhalation of NN-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) may cause headache nausea vomiting intolerance to alcohol abdominal spasm and diarrhoea Large doses can result in depression lethargy disorientation and visual and auditory hallucinations

Chronic Health effects

Ample evidence exists from results in experimentation that developmental disorders are directly caused by human exposure to the material Limited evidence suggests that repeated or long-term occupational exposure may produce cumulative health effects involving organs or biochemical systems Repeated exposure of 20 to 25 ppm NN-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) (due to appreciable skin absorption)


Feb 13 2015

Hazard Alerthas caused jaundice in workers evidence of liver damage and hepatic dysfunction is clear Workers exposed to DMAc for 2-10 years showed abnormal liver function Chronic exposure can result in cumulative liver and kidney damage (Repeated dermal application of the liquid to dogs caused severe fatty infiltration of the liver repeated exposure of rats to the vapour resulted in focal necrosis of the liver) Teratogenic effects from dermal application were reported in rats when DMAc was applied on gestation days 10 and 11 at a total does of 2400 mgkg body weight When DMAc was administered to rats by gavage at a dosage of 400 mgkgday on days 6 through 19 of gestation malformations of the heart major blood vessels and oral cavity were seen Maternal toxicity and post-implantation loss were also seen at this dose Some evidence exists that a demethylation metabolite acetamide is a rat liver carcinogen

SAFeTy [56]

First Aid Measures

bull Ingestion If swallowed do NOT induce vomiting If vomiting occurs lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration If spontaneous vomiting appears imminent or occurs hold patientrsquos head down lower than their hips to help avoid possible aspiration of vomitus

bull eye contact Wash out immediately with fresh running water ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids

bull Skin contact Immediately remove all contaminated clothing including footwear Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available)

bull Inhalation If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area Lay patient down Keep warm and rested

bull Note to physician Any material aspirated during vomiting may produce lung injury Therefore emesis should not be induced mechanically or pharmacologically Treat symptomatically for poisons (where specific treatment regime is absent)

exposure Controls amp Personal Protection

engineering Controls

bull engineering controls are the most effective way of reducing exposure The best protection is to enclose operations andor provide local


Feb 13 2015

Hazard Alertexhaust ventilation at the site of chemical release Isolating operations can also reduce exposure Using respirators or protective equipment is less effective than the controls mentioned above but is sometimes necessary Special controls should be in place for highly toxic chemicals or when significant skin eye or breathing exposures are possible In addition the following control is recommended Where possible automatically pump liquid dimethylacetamide from drums or other storage containers to process containers

bull Good work practices can help to reduce hazardous exposures The following work practices are recommended Workers whose clothing has been contaminated by dimethylacetamide should change into clean clothing promptly Contaminated work clothes should be laundered by individuals who have been informed of the hazards of exposure to dimethylacetamide eye wash fountains should be provided in the immediate work area for emergency use If there is the possibility of skin exposure emergency shower facilities should be provided At the end of the workshift wash any areas of the body that may have contacted dimethylacetamide whether or not known skin contact has occurred Do not eat smoke or drink where dimethylacetamide is handled processed or stored since the chemical can be swallowed Wash hands carefully before eating drinking smoking or using the toilet

Personal Protective equipment

The following personal protective equipment is recommended when handling dimethylacetamide

bull Clothing Wear solvent-resistant gloves and clothing Safety equipment suppliersmanufacturers can provide recommendations on the most protective gloveclothing material for your operation

bull All protective clothing (suits gloves footwear headgear) should be clean available each day and put on before work

bull Safety equipment manufacturers recommend- butyl Rubber as a protective material

bull eye Protection Wear indirect-vent impact and splash resistant goggles when working with liquids Wear a face shield along with goggles when working with corrosive highly irritating or toxic substances Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this substance

bull Respiratory Protection Such equipment should only be used if the employer has a written program that takes into account workplace conditions requirements for worker training respirator fit testing and


Feb 13 2015

Hazard Alertmedical exams as described in OSHA 1910134 Where the potential exists for exposure over 10 ppm use a MSHANIOSH approved supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode For increased protection use in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode exposure to 300 ppm is immediately dangerous to life and health If the possibility of exposure above 300 ppm exists use a MSHANIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode

ReGULATiON [78]

United States

OSHA The Occupational Safety amp Health Administration has set the following Permissible exposure Limits (PeL) for dimethylacetamide

bull General Industry 29 CFR 19101000 Z-1 Table -- 10 ppm 35 mgm3 TWA Skin

bull Construction Industry 29 CFR 192655 Appendix A -- 10 ppm 35 mgm3 TWA Skin

bull Maritime 29 CFR 19151000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 10 ppm 35 mgm3 TWA Skin

ACGIH The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists has established a Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for dimethylacetamide of 10 ppm 36 mgm3 TWA Skin Appendix A4 - Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen beI (TLV listed under NN-Dimethylacetamide) NIOSH The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has set a Recommended exposure Limit (ReL) for dimethylacetamide of 10 ppm 35 mgm3 TWA Skin

ReFeReNCeS

1 httpenwikipediaorgwikiDimethylacetamide2 httpwwwkat-chemhuenprod-bulletinsnn-dimetilacetamid3 httpwwwdupontcomcontentdamassetscorporate-functions

our-approachsustainabilitycommitmentsproduct-stewardship-regulatorarticlesproduct-stewardshipdocumentsN20N20dimethylacetamide20Product20Safety20Summarypdf

4 httpwwwcdcgovnioshdocs81-123pdfs0218pdf


Feb 13 2015

Hazard Alert5 httpdatasheetsscbtcomsc-250514pdf6 wwwnjgovhealtheohrtkweb0736pdf7 httpswwwoshagovdtschemicalsamplingdataCH_235600html


Feb 13 2015

in a recent study researchers have discovered two hazardous chemi-cals never before known as oil and gas industry pollut-ants ndash ammonium and iodide ndash are being released into Penn-sylvania and West Virginia waterways from the booming energy operations of the Marcellus shale

New - and worrisome - contaminants emerge from oil and gas wells2015-01-26In a recent study researchers have discovered two hazardous chemicals never before known as oil and gas industry pollutants ndash ammonium and iodide ndash are being released into Pennsylvania and West Virginia waterways from the booming energy operations of the Marcellus shale Treatment plants were never designed to handle these contaminants The toxic substances which can have a devastating impact on fish ecosystems and potentially human health are extracted from geological formations along with natural gas and oil during both hydraulic fracturing and conventional drilling operations said Duke University scientists in a study published in the journal environmental Science amp Technology The chemicals then are making their way into streams and rivers both accidentally and through deliberate release from treatment plants that were never designed to handle these contaminants the researchers said The findings have major implications for whether stronger regulations are needed to curb water pollution from fracking and other oil and gas industry operations Over the years the industry has faced questions about unsafe well design that allows methane to seep into drinking water and about lubricants and other chemicals it adds to frack water Duke researchers have conducted a number of studies on these problems Now add to the list of concerns ammonium and iodide ndash two naturally occurring dangerous chemicals that are essentially unregulated in oil and gas wastewater ldquoWe are releasing this wastewater into the environment and it is causing direct contamination and human health risksrdquo said study co-author Avner Vengosh professor of water quality and geochemistry at Dukersquos Nicholas School of the environment ldquoIt should be regulated and it should be stopped Thatrsquos not even science itrsquos common senserdquo Steve everley spokesman for the oil and natural gas industry group energy in Depth pointed out that a tightening of Pennsylvania regulations in 2011 had ended deliberate discharges of untreated fracking wastewater to the statersquos rivers or streams ndash a point that the Duke study also makes but some oil and gas wastewater primarily from conventional drilling sites is released into waterways after treatment at industrial brine facilities Also state records show more than 50 accidental spills of fracking wastewater in Pennsylvania last year according to the group Fractracker Alliance Nevertheless everley said there are already regulations in place to penalise hydraulic fracturing companies that spill wastewater and the study confuses the issue by lumping them together with conventional producers ldquoIrsquom not sure if the intention was to malign lsquofrackingrsquo by cleverly

Gossip


Feb 13 2015

Gossippresenting data on wastewater that doesnrsquot come from fracking or if the report was just poorly writtenrdquo he said in an email ldquoIn any event itrsquos difficult to see how this can provide a meaningful contribution to the public dialogue seeing how it does more to confuse the publicrsquos understanding of wastewater treatment than anything elserdquo Scientists however see a serious ndash and previously unheralded ndash public health concern When dissolved in water ammonium can turn to ammonia highly toxic to aquatic life The Duke team found ammonium levels in streams and rivers from energy industry wastewater outflows at levels 50 times higher than the US environmental Protection Agencyrsquos water-quality threshold Under a loophole created by Congress in a 2005 energy law fracking wastewater isnrsquot regulated under the US Safe Drinking Water Act Meanwhile the Duke scientists found that the iodide contamination from energy operations ndash while not toxic by itself ndash promotes the production of disinfection byproducts when it comes in contact with the chlorine that is used to treat most drinking water systems Previous studies have shown that such disinfection byproducts have toxic and carcinogenic properties but only a few are regulated

ldquoAs far as we are aware iodide and ammonium are not regulated nor monitored in any of the [oil and gas] operations in the United Statesrdquo the researchers said in their paper Terrence Collins director of the Institute for Green Science at Pittsburghrsquos Carnegie Mellon University was not involved in the study but said findings of iodide contamination are particularly worrisome especially if stream or river water is extracted downstream for drinking water ldquoWidely practiced chemical treatments to kill pathogens are likely to cause the iodide to become incorporated into organic matter in the drinking water and I am concerned that this could result in increased incidences of cancerrdquo he said in an email The recent boom in US oil and gas production has been accompanied by a surge in wastewater production Fracked wells produce about 1 million to 2 million gallons of wastewater per well For conventional wells the volume is less but the risk of contamination with ammonium and iodide is the same ldquoThe method doesnrsquot matterrdquo said Vengosh ldquoFracking fluids are not much different from conventional oil and gas wastesrdquo said Jennifer Harkness lead author of the study and a doctoral student at Duke During the study the researchers collected and analysed 44 samples of wastewater produced from conventional oil and gas wells in New York and Pennsylvania and 31 samples of ldquoflowbackrdquo ndash the highly saline and polluted fluid that flows back to the surface during and after fracking ndash from shale gas wells in Pennsylvania and Arkansas They also collected and analysed oil and gas effluents being directly discharged into streams


Feb 13 2015

An insecticide used on corn and other crops in the United States poses health risks to workers who mix and apply it and can also contaminate drink-ing water according to a United States environmental Protec-tion Agency report released recently

Gossiprivers and surface waters at three disposal sites in Pennsylvania and a spill site in West Virginia In states like Texas and Oklahoma with long histories of conventional drilling oil and gas wastewater is disposed by injection in deep underground wells but in Pennsylvania a hotbed of fracking there are few such sites Some oil and gas wastewater is discharged to waterways after treatment at commercially operated industrial brine treatment plants which were not designed to remove ammonium or iodide There also have been wastewater spills including seeps from illegal disposal leaking from surface impoundments and truck tanker accidents Some states even have purposely spread the salty oil and gas wastewater on roads to suppress dust or for de-icing The estimated volume of oil and gas industry wastewater generated in the US is now more than 837 billion gallons (318 billion cubic metres) per year For comparison thatrsquos nearly three times the volume of all the oil and gasoline that the United States consumes each year (291 billion gallons) The researchers said their study adds to a growing body of evidence that government action is needed ldquoThere are significant environmental and ecosystem impacts of current [oil and gas wastewater] disposal practices in the USrdquo they wrote ldquoRegulatory action is needed to address these concernsrdquo

The Daily Climate 14 January 2015

httpwwwdailyclimateorg

ePA report finds pesticide poses risk to workers spurs calls for ban2015-01-26An insecticide used on corn and other crops in the United States poses health risks to workers who mix and apply it and can also contaminate drinking water according to a United States environmental Protection Agency report released recently The report is an update based on new research to a 2011 assessment of the health impacts of the pesticide chlorpyrifos which remains one of the most commonly applied organophosphate pesticides It has been banned for more than a decade for household use but is still used commercially on corn soybeans fruit and nut trees and some golf courses The findings may mean more restrictions to protect workerrsquos health and drinking water sources as the pesticide undergoes its registration review a licensing process required of pesticides by the ePA Industry maintains chlorpyrifos is safe at levels currently in the environment and greatly benefits farmers but some environmental organisations say that increasing restrictions will not do enough to protect peoplersquos health ldquoThe science on health impacts -


Feb 13 2015

Gossiptogether with many personal stories -overwhelmingly supports the need for a phase outrdquo said Margaret Reeves a senior scientist at the Pesticide Action Network in a statement In 2007 the Pesticide Action Network North America and the Natural Resources Defence Council urged the ePA to ban all uses of chlorpyrifos In 2012 the ePA required homes and schools to have buffers to reduce exposure The ePA estimates about 10 million pounds are applied annually in agriculture across the country ldquoWe are concerned about some workers who mix load and apply chlorpyrifos to agricultural and other non-residential sitesrdquo the ePA wrote about the report ldquoWe are also concerned about workers who work around areas that are treated with chlorpyrifos even if they are not using chlorpyrifos products as part of their jobsrdquo The agency did not find any additional risks from airborne or food exposure It cited the latest US Department of Agriculture data that found ldquono concerns for chlorpyrifos in food with the pesticide detected in less than 1 [percent] of samplesrdquo However researchers believe inhalation is likely a major exposure route for people living near heavily treated fields said Janie Shelton an epidemiologist who led a study linking chlorpyrifos to autism in babies born to moms near treated fields in farm-heavy Northern California last year This bystander exposure is likely a ldquosub-clinical exposurerdquo - where the mom would not experience any effects herself but the constant chronic exposure in drift or house dust could impact an unborn child Shelton said Chlorpyrifos is a neurotoxin that prevents the synapses of the nerves from stopping activity causing over-stimulation Shelton said It has been linked to birth defects low birth weights and impaired brain development problems and endocrine disruption Foetuses are at much higher risk from the pesticide she said ldquoAdults have an enzyme that can metabolise organophosphates like chlorpyrifosrdquo Shelton said ldquoThat is something that only comes online after birth So babies in the womb donrsquot have the metabolising enzyme ldquoIf theyrsquore exposed to a neurotoxin it would take much lower levels to see observable effectsrdquo The ePA did not return requests to comment on the new report Despite household bans some evidence suggests people are still exposed to the chemicals A study of Northern California families and floor wipe samples last year found that 99 percent of floor wipes and 65 percent of study participants had some chlorpyrifos in them ldquoWe know therersquos enough of a reason to prohibit residential use because of the neurodevelopmental impairments in childrenrdquo Shelton said ldquoI do see cause for concern [with continued use]rdquo A spokesperson for Dow AgroSciences which manufactures chlorpyrifos noted that the ePArsquos announcement is part of a revision not the final assessment and that ldquono pest control product has been more thoroughly testedrdquo but Nichelle Harriott staff scientist with beyond Pesticides said


Feb 13 2015

The findings from a new study suggest that high exposure to the toxic metal cadmium could pre-maturely age cells potentially triggering a number of diseases as people age

Gossipthe mounting evidence suggests chlorpyrifos poses ldquounacceptable risks to workers and the environmentrdquo ldquoThey [the ePA] should be moving toward getting the chemical off the market that is the only acceptable way to protect human and environmental healthrdquo she said There is a 60-day comment period for the new announcement and the ePA plans to release a report on the chlorpyrifos impact on endangered species later this year

environmental Health News 8 January 2015

httpwwwenvironmentalhealthnewsorg

Feeling old it might be from heavy metal2015-01-25The findings from a new study suggest that high exposure to the toxic metal cadmium could prematurely age cells potentially triggering a number of diseases as people age In a large national study high exposure to cadmium was linked to shorter telomeres ldquobits of DNA that act as capsrdquo on chromosomes to help stabilise genes said Ami Zota a George Washington University assistant professor of environmental and occupational health who led the study Shorten those caps too much and cells weaken leading to diseases The study is the largest to examine to examine links between cadmium and cell aging in people and suggests that exposure to the heavy metal could play a role in chronic illnesses such as heart disease and kidney disease Cadmium is naturally occurring on earth but it is also produced to make batteries and coat iron and steel People are exposed to cadmium through contaminated food tobacco smoke and polluted air near industrial areas ldquoOur data are consistent with prior evidence that cadmium exposure can elicit measurable harmful effects on biological health even at levels well below the current safety standards used by environmental and occupational agenciesrdquo Zota wrote in the study published in the American Journal of epidemiology recently It is a strong study that used ldquoa huge number of samples for environmental health researchrdquo said Andrea baccarelli an epidemiologist at the Harvard School of Public Health who was not part of the study Using information from a national survey conducted from 1999-2002 Zota examined the cadmium in more than 6700 peoplersquos blood and urine and also looked at their DNA samples She divided the participants into four groups based on how much cadmium was in their blood People in the highest group had telomeres about 55 percent shorter than people in the lowest group She did the same for urine concentrations and found the highest group had telomeres about 45 percent shorter than the lowest group The people in the highest blood cadmium group were defined as having


Feb 13 2015

Two people have been killed during an accident at an LG fac-tory in South Korea

Gossiplevels more than 07 micrograms per litre The average for people in the US is about 03 micrograms per litre according to the ePA ldquoCadmium stays in the body for decadesrdquo said Josh edwards an associate professor of pharmacology at Midwestern University who was not involved in the study It has a ldquobiological half life of 30 years or so in kidneysrdquo he added The study participantsrsquo levels were about what is commonly seen in people Zota said ldquoWersquore looking at environmental level exposures in the general population The majority [of those in the national survey] were not exposed because of industrial sources or occupational sourcesrdquo Zota said The average levels in the population at which researchers saw effects were about 10 times lower than some of the World Health Organizationrsquos levels of concern for cadmium Zota said Telomeres naturally shorten as people age Itrsquos impossible to tell from this study if cadmium exposure causes telomere shortening or if people with shorter telomeres have a higher risk of accumulating cadmium baccarelli said ldquoItrsquos hard to prove whether itrsquos one way or the otherrdquo he said However the metal has been associated with inflammation oxidative stress and the inhibiting of DNA repair ndash all of which could promote telomere shortening Previous health studies have linked cadmium exposure to chronic kidney disease diabetes and heart disease In addition lead has been linked to chronic diseases but no association was found between the toxic metal and shorter telomeres in Zotarsquos study Zota said some possible next research steps might be to examine how other environmental toxics associate with telomere lengths and how cadmium and other toxics impact early telomere development



Two dead in LG TV factory accident2015-01-26Two people have been killed during an accident at an LG factory in South Korea The two men were carrying out routine maintenance when they were suffocated by a nitrogen leak in the room in which they worked In a statement LG said that four other workers were affected by the leak but their injuries were not life-threatening LG expressed regret over the incident and said it had begun an investigation In its statement LG said the nitrogen leak occurred at a factory known as ldquoP8rdquo that is in Paju city north of Seoul that makes LCD screens for large TV sets The factory is believed to have the worldrsquos largest production line making display panels for LCD and OLeD TVs Nitrogen is used to wash the display panels during manufacturing LG said the accident was a ldquoterrible tragedyrdquo and added


Feb 13 2015

Researchers have suggested a link be-tween exposure to air pollution during preg-nancy and autism

Gossipthat it was ldquoworking to uncover the exact sequence of eventsrdquo that led to the deaths

bbC News 12 January 2015

httpnewsbbccoukhienglishhealth

Autism link to air pollution raised2015-01-26Researchers have suggested a link between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and autism The Harvard School of Public Health team said high levels of pollution had been linked to a doubling of autism in their study of 1767 children They said tiny particulate matter which can pass from the lungs to the bloodstream may be to blame experts said pregnant women should minimise their exposure although the link had still to be proven Air pollution is definitely damaging The World Health Organization estimates it causes 37 million deaths each year The study published in environmental Health Perspectives investigated any possible link with autism It analysed 245 children with autism and 1522 without by looking at estimated pollution exposure during pregnancy based on the motherrsquos home address the scientists concluded high levels of pollution were more common in children with autism The strongest link was with fine particulate matter - invisible specks of mineral dust carbon and other chemicals - that enter the bloodstream and cause damage throughout the body Yet the research is unable to conclusively say that pollution causes autism as there could be other factors that were not accounted for in the study There is a large inherited component to autism but lead researcher Dr Marc Weisskopf said there was mounting evidence that air pollution may play a role too He said ldquoThe specificity of our findings for the pregnancy period and third trimester in particular rules out many other possible explanations for these findings rdquoThe evidence base for a role for maternal exposure to air pollution increasing the risk of autism spectrum disorders is becoming quite strong ldquoThis not only gives us important insight as we continue to pursue the origins of autism spectrum disorders but as a modifiable exposure opens the door to thinking about possible preventative measuresrdquo Prof Frank Kelly the director of the environmental research group at Kingrsquos College London told the bbC ldquoI think if it was this study by itself I wouldnrsquot take much notice but itrsquos now the fifth that has come to the same conclusion ldquoIt is biologically plausible the placenta is there to ensure the foetus has optimal supply of nutrients but if chemicals are entering the motherrsquos


Feb 13 2015

Scientists have dis-covered the first new antibiotic in nearly 30 years that can kill serious infections without encountering any detectable resis-tance giving hope in the fight against evolving drug-resistant superbugs

Gossipbody then the foetus will have access to those too ldquoWomen should be made aware of the potential links so they donrsquot get excessive exposurerdquo

bbC News 18 December 2015


Scientists discover lsquogame-changingrsquo new antibiotic for first time in 30 years2015-01-26Scientists have discovered the first new antibiotic in nearly 30 years that can kill serious infections without encountering any detectable resistance giving hope in the fight against evolving drug-resistant superbugs The antibiotic teixobactin has been found to treat many common bacterial infections in mice without resistance including tuberculosis and septicaemia Researchers said the antibiotic could one day be used to treat drug-resistant infections caused by the superbug MRSA as well as tuberculosis which normally requires a combination of drugs that can have adverse side effects ldquoThe discovery of this novel compound challenges long-held scientific beliefs and holds great promise for treating an array of menacing infectionsrdquo said Professor Kim Lewis from Northeastern University in boston Massachusetts Teixobactin belongs to a new class of compounds and kills bacteria by causing their cell walls to break down It seems to work by binding to multiple targets which may slow down the development of resistance The problem of infections developing drug resistance has worsened in recent years as multi-drug-resistant bugs have developed and drug companies have cut investment The World Health Organisation warned last year that a post-antibiotic era where even basic healthcare becomes dangerous due to risk of infection during routine operations could come this century unless something drastic is done Dr Lewis is the co-founder of the Novobiotic Pharmaceuticals which has patented teixobactin Dr Lewis and his Novobiotic colleagues sought to address the problem by tapping into new potential sources of antibiotics They developed a way of growing uncultured bacteria in its natural environment using a miniature device called an iChip that can isolate and help grow single cells Novobiotic has since collected about 50000 strains of uncultured bacteria and discovered 25 new antibiotics of which teixobactin is the latest and most interesting Dr Lewis said Scientists not involved in the work welcomed the finding but cautioned that human trials of teixobactin would be key ldquoThe discovery of a potential new class of antibiotics is good newsrdquo said Richard Seabrook of britainrsquos Wellcome Trust medical charity ldquoScreening


Feb 13 2015

According to an Australian expert rich countries should help poorer countries deal with the risk posed by pharmaceutical contamination of the environment

Gossippreviously unculturable soil bacteria is a new twist in the search and it is encouraging to see this approach yielding results ldquoHowever we will not know whether teixobactin will be effective in humans until this research is taken to clinical trialsrdquo Dr Lewis hopes to start human testing in around two years

AbC News 9 January 2015

httpwwwabcnetaunews

drug pollution risk lsquoa global responsibilityrsquo2015-01-26According to an Australian expert rich countries should help poorer countries deal with the risk posed by pharmaceutical contamination of the environment Dr Rai Kookana an environmental chemist with the CSIRO made the comments following the release of a study published in a recent issue of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society b The study is the first to compare the risk of pollution from drugs including antibiotics anti-inflammatories and antidepressants in high-income and lower-income countries around the world During the study Kookana and colleagues gathered data on factors such as demographics the manufacture and consumption of pharmaceuticals and the quality of waste and wastewater systems to assess the potential risk from pharmaceuticals in 17 countries They discovered that countries like China and India are at greater risk than higher-income countries of groundwater land and river contamination from the active ingredients of drugs Kookana says poor waste and waste water systems are key factors contributing to pollution in lower-income countries ldquoHistorically when drugs are brought on to the market the environment doesnrsquot come into the picture at all but obviously the drugs find their way into the environment through the waste streamrdquo he says Major ldquopoint sourcesrdquo of contamination are drug manufacturing facilities which are increasingly being moved to poorer countries where labour costs are lower he adds ldquoThere is some evidence from China and India that effluents from drug manufacturing plants contain high concentrations of antibiotics and other drugs including antidepressants and NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)rdquo says Kookana ldquoThe rivers and lakes receiving these effluents have been found to be contaminated with these drugsrdquo He says a 2007 Swedish study found drug concentrations in a river adjacent to one drug manufacturing area exceeded the therapeutic levels in humans Previous research has shown that some pharmaceuticals are known to persist in the environment and there is evidence they affect animals says Kookana For example a 2004 paper in Nature blamed a


Feb 13 2015

New research by dutch researchers has found that a diet rich in fish fruit and vegetables may reduce endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation and hence lead to less cardiovascular disease (CVd)

Gossipcrash in vulture numbers on the Indian subcontinent on pollution from the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac ldquoThere is also some evidence that antidepressants such as fluoxetine can cause behavioural problems in fish water fleas and birdsrdquo he adds And his own research has shown the mood stabiliser and anti-epileptic drug carbamazepine is taken up by plants Kookana says there is a desperate need for more data on the effect of such pollution in low to middle-income countries ldquoNearly 60 per cent of the generic drugs of the world are produced in China and Indiardquo says Kookana ldquoWe are interlinked internationallyrdquo he adds ldquoWe have a responsibility to help some of the developing countries to better understand the effects of these drugs in the environmentrdquo The researchers found Australia had a comparatively low risk of pollution from pharmaceuticals but Kookana says there is still reason for concern ldquoOur population is ageing rapidly so our reliance on pharmaceuticals is increasingrdquo he says For this reason the government funds a program to collect and dispose of unwanted and out-of-date medicines to stop pharmaceutical pollution at source but Kookana also thinks regulatory agencies need to take europersquos lead and require manufacturers to consider the potential ecological impacts of their drugs ldquoI would like to see regulatory agencies in Australia give consideration to the ecological footprint of a given pharmaceutical active ingredientrdquo says Kookana

AbC News 18 December 2014

httpwwwabcnetaunews

Healthy diet May Curb dysfunction that Leads to Cardiovascular disease2015-01-26A diet rich in fish fruit and vegetables may reduce endothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation and hence lead to less cardiovascular disease (CVD) according to Dutch researchers ldquoOur study shows for the very first time that a healthy diet influences beneficially an important process that leads to heart disease Such an effect might be even stronger in those with diabetes and (or) cardiovascular disease alreadyrdquo Dr Ronald M A Henry of the Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht in the Netherlands said ldquoendothelial dysfunction and low-grade inflammation play important roles in the development of CVDrdquo the investigators wrote in their 31 December online paper in The Journal of Nutrition ldquoDietary modification of these phenomena may constitute a mechanism through which CVD may be preventedrdquo Dr Henry and colleagues note that such a diet moderate in alcohol and low in dairy products and meat apparently has cardiovascular


Feb 13 2015

BP Plc will face a maxi-mum fine of $137 billion under the Clean Water Act for its Gulf of Mexico oil spill several billion dollars less than feared after a judge ruled that it was smaller than the United States government claimed

Gossipbenefits but the underlying mechanisms are unclear To investigate further the team conducted a longitudinal cohort study of 557 subjects with a mean age of almost 60 years at baseline who had an increased cardiovascular disease risk The team used a validated food frequency questionnaire to determine consumption of fish vegetables fruit alcohol-containing beverages dairy products and meat They also measured an extensive array of biomarkers of both endothelial dysfunction (such as von Willebrand factor) and low-grade inflammation (including C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A) They repeated the process seven years later They found that a higher consumption of fish but not total consumption of the other five dietary components was associated with a lower overall endothelial dysfunction score They found no associations with the overall low-grade inflammation score Further analyses indicated that consumption of more lean fish and raw vegetables and fewer high-fat dairy products was associated with less endothelial dysfunction In addition they found that consumption of more fresh fruit wine and poultry and fewer high-fat dairy products was associated with less low-grade inflammation Given these findings say the researchers such dietary factors ldquomay modify processes that are important in atherothrombosis and thereby favourably influence the development of cardiovascular diseaserdquo Thus concluded Dr Henry ldquoIt seems that our motherrsquos plea at the table to eat healthilyrdquo by including vegetables and the other things we dreaded over most as children ldquomade more than sense especially if one takes into account that diet is such a lifelong lsquoriskrsquo factorrdquo

Scientific American 16 January 2015

httpwwwsciamcom

BPrsquos Fine for Gulf of Mexico Spill Capped by Ruling2015-01-26bP Plc will face a maximum fine of $137 billion under the Clean Water Act for its Gulf of Mexico oil spill several billion dollars less than feared after a judge ruled that it was smaller than the United States government claimed The ruling by federal magistrate Carl barbier put the size of the worst offshore spill in US history in 2010 at 319 million barrels That was well below the governmentrsquos estimate of 409 million barrels which could have led to penalties of up to $176 billion bPrsquos stock rose 24 percent in London as investors worried about the size of potential penalties breathed a sigh of relief ldquoThe ruling is a step in the right direction of what appears set to be a long and hard-fought legal battlerdquo barclays said in a research note Under a ldquogross negligencerdquo ruling barbier issued in


Feb 13 2015

Controversial PBdes have started to disap-pear in bay sediment and wildlife after industry phase-outs and government bans

GossipSeptember bP could be fined a statutory limit of up to $4300 for each barrel spilled though he has authority to assign lower penalties A simple ldquonegligencerdquo ruling which bP sought caps the maximum fine at $1100 per barrel The Clean Water Act penalties would come on top of more than $42 billion the oil major has set aside or spent for clean-up compensation and fines About 810000 barrels were collected during clean-up In his ruling barbier said bPrsquos response to the disaster was not grossly negligent but stuck to his earlier opinion that it had been grossly negligent leading up to the Macondo well blowout Penalties will be assigned after the third and final phase of the companyrsquos non-jury trial which starts soon in New Orleans bP lawyers are expected to argue for a small fine per barrel ldquobP believes that considering all the statutory penalty factors together weighs in favour of a penalty at the lower end of the statutory rangerdquo a bP spokesman said The first two phases of the trial over the degree of negligence and the size of the spill have concluded even after the Clean Water Act fines are set bP may face other bills from a lengthy Natural Resources Damage Assessment -- which could require bP to carry out or fund environmental restoration work in the Gulf -- as well as other claims


httpwwwsciamcom

Levels of Persistent Flame Retardants decline in San Francisco Bay2015-01-26In the San Francisco bay levels of one class of flame retardants have fallen over the past decade according to a new study The data on the highly controversial polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PbDes) suggest that policies restricting use of a chemical even a persistent one can work quickly to reduce its burden on the environment the researchers say in a new study published in the journal environmental Science amp Technology ldquoThe study really shows that once regulations are put in place things change fairly rapidly in the environmentrdquo says Marta Venier an environmental chemist at Indiana University who wasnrsquot involved in the work ldquoI think we need more and more of these studies to convince regulatorsrdquo of the value of moving forward with regulations for controversial substances she adds Flame retardants are used widely in furniture electronics and other consumer products environmental scientists have argued for regulations on the chemicals because they can easily volatilise and escape into the environment In addition studies have shown that PbDes break down slowly and could harm neurological


Feb 13 2015

Gossipdevelopment and potentially disrupt hormone signalling in humans and animals As a result the US banned the manufacture and import of one PbDe formulation pentabDe in 2005 and another decabDe is currently being phased out nationally Industry has started to move away from PbDes to other flame-retardant families Rebecca Sutton of San Francisco estuary Institute (SFeI) a nonprofit environmental science group and her colleagues wondered whether these regulatory actions were having any detectable impact on the San Francisco bay being in an urban area the bay makes a good natural laboratory because it receives a lot of industrial discharge and treated domestic wastewater Sutton says The team reviewed data collected between 2002 and 2012 by a coalition consisting of SFeI local governments and wastewater-discharging companies In particular the researchers looked at levels of bDe-47 a major component of pentabDe and bDe-209 the main component of decabDe in sediments and water as well as total concentrations of PbDe flame retardants in wildlife Levels of pentabDe fell by one-third in sediments but its levels in water showed no significant change The decabDe data showed no significant changes over the decade Sutton says this isnrsquot surprising given that industry has only recently phased out the chemical She thinks its levels will likely decline in the coming years as industry stops using it In wildlife however the results were starker Concentrations of total PbDes fell by almost 50 in sport fish and between 74 and 93 in birds The researchers believe that the concentration dropsmdashin wildlife sediments and watermdashmay be due in part to the chemicals dispersing farther into the environment as well as to microbes breaking down the compounds Although these data suggest that levels of certain PbDes may be dropping in the environment environmental concerns about flame retardants as a whole havenrsquot abated Companies often switch from a regulated or phased-out chemical to a closely related one that hasnrsquot yet seen public scrutiny Indianarsquos Venier says Some research suggests that flame retardants such as 2-ethylhexyl-2345-tetrabromobenzoate (Tbb) and bis(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate (TbPH) have started increasing in the environment as the compounds replace PbDes in industry ldquoWe are definitely playing this whack-a-mole game with these chemicalsrdquo Venier says


httpwwwsciamcom


Feb 13 2015

A new study has shown that heart function and blood pressure in mice exposed to bisphenol A (BPA) from birth though young adulthood are af-fected differently in males and females with females at greater risk of dam-age from stress

GossipBPA exposure affects heart health of males females differently in mouse models2015-01-26A new study has shown that heart function and blood pressure in mice exposed to bisphenol A (bPA) from birth though young adulthood are affected differently in males and females with females at greater risk of damage from stress The findings from the University of Cincinnati (UC) study was published online in the journal Endocrinology A research team led by Scott belcher PhD professor of pharmacology and cell biophysics Robin Gear principal research assistant and eric Kendig PhD former UC postdoctoral fellow found that in young bPA exposed female mice the heart is more sensitive to stress-induced ischemic damage in a way not observed in untreated female mice In bPA-exposed female mice isoproterenol a drug that leads to hypertrophy (tissue enlargement) by mimicking some effects of a heart attack caused increased heart muscle damage along with accumulation of collagen -- an indicator of fibrosis or scarring -- in the heart says belcher the studyrsquos principal investigator In male mice bPA alone increased fibrosis however researchers did not observe an additional increase in fibrosis ischemic damage or hypertrophy in response to isoproterenol treatments bPA an environmental pollutant with oestrogen-like activity is used to make polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins and is a common contaminant of many packaged foods and beverages Numerous studies have linked bPA to neurological defects diabetes and breast and prostate cancer ldquoThe results of this study find heart and blood pressure effects in male and female mice with females seemingly at greater risk for harmrdquo says belcher ldquoWe used an isoproterenol model that in some ways mimics damage that can occur during a heart attack For female mice exposed to bPA there was a severe increase in the sensitivity to cardiotoxic damage This effect was especially striking because females are typically protectedrdquo ldquoThe overall aim of the study was to determine whether there were effects of bPA on cardiac functionrdquo says belcher ldquoWe chose a very specific and broad range of bPA exposures that span levels below those considered safe in humans up through a high dose that nears the no observed adverse effect level an approach aimed at make the findings useful for assessing public health riskrdquo In this study mice were exposed to different doses of bPA in their food and bPA exposures ranged from four to 5000 micrograms per kilogram of body weight per day ldquoOur highest exposure was just below the no observed adverse effect level while the lowest exposure group was below what is considered a safe level and approaches the levels of human exposurerdquo explains belcher ldquoWhat we did in our studies was to


Feb 13 2015

in a new study researchers have succeeded for the first time in amplifying gene samples contain-ing dNA adducts while retaining references to these adducts

Gossipexpose mice to bPA in a way similar to how humans are exposedrdquo says belcher ldquoHumans are continuously exposed to bPA throughout life The exposure in mice was in the diet and from conception all the way through adulthoodrdquo Changes in the control of heart rate and blood pressure were detected in both male and female bPA-exposed mice according to the study Decreased systolic blood pressure was detected in male mice exposed to bPA throughout their lifespan while a lowering of pressure was noted only in female mice exposed to the very highest amounts of bPA belcher cautions that the study uses animal models and that there are differences between mice and humans That said the findings from experimental models are informative and instructive about human heart health and serve as well-established experimental models for the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals explains belcher ldquoThe reality is everything from what we have seen from this study and a number of previous studies suggests that bPA likely worsens heart health in women who have unique risks compared to menrdquo says belcher

Science Daily 16 January 2015

httpwwwsciencedailycom

damaged dNA amplified by activities such as smoking2015-01-26In the majority of cases the onset of cancer is characterised by a minor change in a personrsquos genetic material A cellrsquos DNA mutates in a particular area to the extent that the cell no longer divides in a controlled manner but begins to grow uncontrollably In many cases this type of genetic mutation involves chemical changes to individual building blocks of DNA These changes are induced by smoking tobacco and consuming foods such as cured meats This is because the contents of these materials can chemically react with and change building blocks of cellular DNA thereby creating DNA adducts Up to now scientists have been able to determine whether gene samples contain adducts and if so how many However the procedure is laborious and finding out exactly where a building block in the genetic code has been altered into an adduct has not been possible Researchers from the team led by Shana Sturla professor of Food and Nutrition Toxicology have succeeded for the first time in amplifying gene samples containing DNA adducts while retaining references to these adducts This type of amplification is a prerequisite for the majority of technologies used by researchers to determine a genersquos DNA sequence In the future it may therefore be possible to expand DNA sequencing from the four basic DNA building blocks to include adducts ldquoThe scientific


Feb 13 2015

Chewing sugar-free gum can remove as much bacteria from your mouth as flossing - approximately 100 million bacteria sci-entists have revealed

Gossipcommunity would have an important tool for making a detailed analysis of the molecular mechanisms involved in the initiation of cancer and the corresponding risk factorsrdquo says Sturla The researchers focused their efforts on a specific typical DNA adduct an alkylguanine called O-6-benzylguanine They recreated an enzyme reaction in a test tube to obtain a negative copy of the genetic material -- analogous to how DNA is replicated naturally in cells The scientists first had to find an artificial counterpart of the alkylguanine to be incorporated into the negative copy in its position -- due to the fact that nature produces molecular counterparts to the basic DNA building blocks but not to DNA adducts This is why replicating genes usually leads to copy errors (or mutations) when adducts are present The eTH researchers produced several artificial derivatives of the basic DNA building blocks in the laboratory and tested them as potential counterparts to the alkylguanine One proved particularly suitable The researchers were then able to produce a negative copy of a gene containing the alkylguanine The aim of the work carried out by Sturla and her colleagues was to demonstrate that it is feasible to amplify genes even when adducts are present It should now be possible for researchers to find artificial counterparts to other adducts using the same method As the eTH Professor points out this means that altered genes could be amplified in the future and their sequences more easily ascertained In 2010 Shana Sturla was awarded a five-year eRC Starting Grant from the european Research Council The current project was partly financed by this award



Chewing sugar-free gum removes as much oral bacteria as flossing2015-01-26When you chew sugar-free gum yoursquoll gather up and spit out up to 100 million bacteria Thatrsquos about 10 percent of the entire microbial population in your saliva new research reports Therersquos no denying that the chewing gum industry is in the midst of a minor sales crisis - over the past four years sales in the United States have dipped by 11 percent and no onersquos really sure why It could be that mints are more appealing or perhaps with flavours like lsquoraspberry vanilla cupcakersquo and lsquoradiant pineapple blendrsquo now saturating the market gum has veered too far into the candy side of things to be considered a dental aid anymore but maybe itrsquos time we embrace our old glutinous friend because that stickiness appears to offer


Feb 13 2015

Large music festivals - and the people who attend them - could be responsible for an increased presence of illicit drugs such as ecstasy and ketamine turning up in nearby water supplies a study has found

Gossipa whole lot more for our dental health than a simple mint can manage A team led by Stefan Wessel from the University Medical Centre at the University of Groningen in the Netherlands has found that when we chew gum wersquore collecting bacteria from all corners of our mouths and when we spit it out the bacteria goes with it They figured this out by getting five biomedical engineering student volunteers to chew two different types of spearmint-flavoured sugar-free gum for different lengths of time ranging from 30 seconds to 10 minutes The gum was then spit out into a cup and the bacteria that had adhered to it was analysed They found that up to 100000000 bacteria could be removed by chewing gum which is comparable to what flossing can achieve but in different areas of your mouth The most bacteria were trapped in the early stages of chewing - as the chewing time progressed the number of bacteria caught up in it declined ldquoDespite an increasing diversity in species developing over time in chewed gums there is a gradual decrease in the number of bacteria trapped in chewed gum over timerdquo the team reports in the journal PLoS One ldquoThis can be attributed to a decrease in bacterial concentration in saliva during chewing shown in earlier reportsrdquo Or perhaps they say ldquobacteria are killed during their entrapment in the gum by sweeteners like xylitol food preservatives or flavouring agents like spearmint and peppermint which are reported to have antimicrobial propertiesrdquo The study partially funded by Wrigley found that the amount of bacteria removed by chewing gum was comparable to brushing your teeth with a new toothbrush - but without any toothpaste - or flossing ldquoChewing however does not necessarily remove bacteria from the same sites of the dentition as does brushing or flossing therefore its results may be noticeable on a more long-term [scale] than those of brushing or flossingrdquo the researchers conclude Itrsquos important to note that this only applies to sugar-free gum - if yoursquore hooked on gum with regular sugar in it you could actually be feeding your oral bacteria Ross Pomeroy reports at Real Clear Science ldquoWhen these microbes ferment sugars the biofilm on your teeth grows more acidic which in turn leads to cavitiesrdquo he says Okay Irsquom sold Time for gum to return to my life Somebody tell Lloyd braun

Science Alert 23 January 2015

httpwwwsciencealertcomau

Music festival sees spike in MdMA pollution in water2015-01-26When it comes to keeping waterways clean therersquos a new rule of thumb raves and rivers donrsquot mix Large music festivals - and the people who


Feb 13 2015

Gossipattend them - could be responsible for an increased presence of illicit drugs such as ecstasy and ketamine turning up in nearby water supplies a study has found Scientists in Taiwan were interested in examining the water quality impacts associated with the countryrsquos Spring Scream music festival which attracts roughly 600000 people annually What the researchers found was an ldquoextraordinary increase in the party drug MDMA (ecstasy)rdquo during the music festival as well as higher overall concentrations of other notable contaminants such as ketamine (an animal tranquiliser turned party drug) pseudoephedrine and caffeine ldquoThis drug [MDMA] was only detected at a very low level before and after the youth festivalrdquo the researchers wrote Their findings which support the assumption that music festivals and drug use go hand-in-hand were published online in the journal environmental Science and Technology The purpose of the study was to better understand how emerging contaminants end up in drinking water supplies and aquatic environments emerging contaminants (eCs) include recreational drugs pharmaceuticals and various personal care products and are problematic because conventional wastewater treatment plants arenrsquot designed to remove them the researchers say Recent studies suggest only 50 percent of these contaminants are successfully removed The compounds that slip through can end up in our drinking water and inside fish and other aquatic organisms albeit in very very small doses (usually parts per billion or parts per trillion) ldquoThe widespread occurrence of these contaminants in freshwater is potentially a major problem with consequences that are yet to be fully understoodrdquo the team wrote To understand the impact of the music festival researchers measured contaminant levels from 28 freshwater and two wastewater sampling sites in Hengchun a popular tourist region on the southernmost tip of Taiwan (where the festival is held) They compared samples taken during the dry season (March) the wet season (August) the low season (October) and the period when the music festival was held (April) As expected concentrations were high when tourists were populating the region and they were lowest following the wet season (and after the dispersal of tourists) due to ldquosignificant dilution from precipitationrdquo What was unusual was the spike in the concentration of ecstasy turning up during the festival and the drop immediately afterwards The researchers say their findings provide important data for pollution control and environmental management and also serve to highlight that one-off events such as concerts or sporting events can impact water quality Previous studies have also shown a correlation between drugs turning up in wastewater and specific events For instance as Rachel Feltman points out for the Washington Post water quality tests near universities during exams have found spikes


Feb 13 2015

A new study suggest that people who drink four or more cups of coffee a day are 20 percent less likely to develop malignant melanoma - one of the most deadly types of skin cancer - than non-coffee drinkers

Gossipin amphetamine (taken by many students to improve their studying) Another study found that levels of cocaine and ecstasy were higher in the London area on weekends



drinking coffee may protect against certain types of skin cancer2015-01-26A new study suggest that people who drink four or more cups of coffee a day are 20 percent less likely to develop malignant melanoma - one of the most deadly types of skin cancer - than non-coffee drinkers Coffee drinking has been associated with a raft of health benefits in recent years - such as reducing type 2 diabetes risk and improving your liver health - and just generally making us feel more alert and awake but now scientists from US National Cancer Institute have found that people who drink four cups of coffee day are 20 percent less likely to develop malignant melanoma than non-coffee drinkers The study looked at 447357 retirees over a period of roughly 10 years and analysed the coffee consumption of all participants and their diet During the study period 2904 people developed malignant melanoma (the deadly kind thatrsquos spread beyond the top layer of the skin) and 1874 people had developed early-stage melanoma which hasnrsquot yet spread They then assessed how much UV each participant would have bee exposed to based on NASA data on the amount of sun each personrsquos hometown had received over the study period They also looked into how much they exercised how much alcohol they drank whether they smoked and also their body-mass index When controlling for all those factors as well as a family history of cancer the researchers found that drinking at least four cups of caffeinated coffee a day still turned out to be significantly linked to a 20 percent reduction in malignant melanoma risk ldquoOur study is the largest to date to evaluate this relationshiprdquo one of the researchers involved in the study erikka Loftfield said The results have been published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute This risk reduction was only significant for caffeinated coffee not decaff which suggests that the benefit may be coming from caffeine but further research needs to be done on the different compounds in coffee and how they relate to skin cancer risk As Alice Park reports for Time The roasting process of coffee beans also releases vitamin derivatives that protect against UV damage in mice Therersquos also intriguing evidence that caffeine may act as a molecular sunscreen absorbing UV rays and therefore protecting


Feb 13 2015

GossipDNA from damage The team explains that their results now need to be repeated and verified And of course the best way to avoid skin cancer is still to avoid UV exposure Loftfield said ldquoOur results and some from other recent studies should provide reassurance to coffee consumers that drinking coffee is not a risky thing to dordquo said ldquoHowever our results do not indicate that individuals should alter their coffee intakerdquo but this isnrsquot the first time that coffee has been shown to have a protective effect against a type of skin cancer back in 2012 research found that women who drank more than three cups of coffee a day had a 21 percent reduction in basal cell carcinoma risk compared to women who only drank one cup of coffee a month For men the risk reduction was 10 percent ldquoMost likely the protective effect is due to caffeinerdquo the lead author Jiali Han from Harvard Medical School in the US told Anna Azvolinksy over at Scientific American at the time So bottom line Keep being sunsmart but donrsquot feel bad about enjoying an iced latte while you do so And just in case you were wondering herersquos when you should be drinking coffee according to science And yes you can drink too much




Feb 13 2015

(Note Open your Web browser and click on Heading to link to section)

eNViRONMeNTAL ReSeARCHHigh secondary aerosol contribution to particulate pollution during haze events in China

evaluation and refinement of a field-portable drinking water toxicity sensor utilising electric cell-substrate impedance sensing and a fluidic biochip

Raman spectroscopy for in-line water quality monitoring--instrumentation and potential

Chemical analysis of whale breath volatiles a case study for non-invasive field health diagnostics of marine mammals

Photolytic degradation products of two highly brominated flame retardants cause cytotoxicity and mRNA expression alterations in chicken embryonic hepatocytes

MediCAL ReSeARCHPerinatal exposure to bisphenol A exacerbates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis-like phenotype in male rat offspring fed on a high-fat diet

Disruption of rat testis development following combined in utero exposure to the phytoestrogen genistein and antiandrogenic plasticiser di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate

Occurrence and distribution of PCb metabolites in blood and their potential health effects in humans a review

Possible foetal determinants of male infertility

Variability in urinary phthalate metabolite levels across pregnancy and sensitive windows of exposure for the risk of preterm birth

OCCUPATiONAL ReSeARCHValidation of a questionnaire on hand hygiene in the construction industry

Impact of Visceral Fat Measurements and a Weight Loss Support Web System on Visceral Fat Loss in a Workplace Setting Insights from a JVALUe2 (Japanese Study of Visceral Adiposity and Lifestyle Information Utilisation and evaluation)

Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015

Technical Notesexposure to volatile organic compounds in healthcare settings

Studies of the impact of occupational exposure of pharmaceutical workers on the development of antimicrobial drug resistance

PUBLiC HeALTH ReSeARCHWaterpipe smoke source of toxic and carcinogenic VOCs phenols and heavy metals

An application of target profiling analyses in the hepatotoxicity assessment of herbal medicines comparative characteristic fingerprint and bile acid profiling of Senecio vulgaris L and Senecio scandens buch-Ham

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and metals in primiparous women a comparison from Canada and Mexico

Acrylonitrile exposure in the general population following a major train accident in belgium A human biomonitoring study

Socio-economic analysis for the authorisation of chemicals under ReACH A case of very high concern

Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC

Inventory Multi-tiered Assessment and Prioritisation (IMAP) FrameworkmdashTranche 12 reports

New Consultation Paper Review of Microbiological Criteria

China to Impose Consumption Tax on Batteries and Coatings

Submissions on proposed changes to hazardous substances management ndash closing soon

AMERICA

EPA Finalises Updates to Air Standards for Future Wood HeatersPhased-in updates will ensure a smooth transition to cleaner and more efficient wood heaters

CSB Releases Safety Bulletin on Anhydrous Ammonia Incident near Mobile Alabama Safety Bulletin Notes Five Key Lessons to Prevent Hydraulic Shock

Fertilizer Safety Alliance Signed

EUROPE

Work-related cancers often overlooked

EU Commission Guidance published on their CIRCABC website (Communication and Information Resource Centre for Administrations Businesses and Citizens)

Pesticides Experts endorse new EU list of candidates for substitution

EU Biocides Regulation 5282012 (EU BPR) ndash Update to the HSE Biocides Website

REACH Update

ECHA awarded ISO 90012008 certificate

Ask ECHA about authorisation applications

ECHA releases an update of R4BP 32 to increase its flexibility

ECHA tightens its practice on dossier updates

Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip

New - and worrisome - contaminants emerge from oil and gas wells

EPA report finds pesticide poses risk to workers spurs calls for ban

Feeling old It might be from heavy metal

Two dead in LG TV factory accident

Autism link to air pollution raised

Scientists discover lsquogame-changingrsquo new antibiotic for first time in 30 years

Drug pollution risk lsquoa global responsibilityrsquo

Healthy Diet May Curb Dysfunction that Leads to Cardiovascular Disease

BPrsquos Fine for Gulf of Mexico Spill Capped by Ruling

Levels of Persistent Flame Retardants Decline in San Francisco Bay

BPA exposure affects heart health of males females differently in mouse models

Damaged DNA amplified by activities such as smoking

Chewing sugar-free gum removes as much oral bacteria as flossing

Music festival sees spike in MDMA pollution in water

Drinking coffee may protect against certain types of skin cancer

Technical Notes

ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

MEDICAL RESEARCH

OCCUPATIONAL RESEARCH

PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH


Feb 13 2015

ContentsJANeTrsquoS CORNeR

Pavlovrsquos Cat 17

HAzARd ALeRTDimethylacetamide 18

GOSSiPNew - and worrisome - contaminants emerge from oil and gas wells 24ePA report finds pesticide poses risk to workers spurs calls for ban26Feeling old It might be from heavy metal 28Two dead in LG TV factory accident 29Autism link to air pollution raised 30Scientists discover lsquogame-changingrsquo new antibiotic for first time in 30 years 31Drug pollution risk lsquoa global responsibilityrsquo 32Healthy Diet May Curb Dysfunction that Leads to Cardiovascular Disease 33bPrsquos Fine for Gulf of Mexico Spill Capped by Ruling 34Levels of Persistent Flame Retardants Decline in San Francisco bay 35bPA exposure affects heart health of males females differently in mouse models 37Damaged DNA amplified by activities such as smoking 38Chewing sugar-free gum removes as much oral bacteria as flossing 39Music festival sees spike in MDMA pollution in water 40Drinking coffee may protect against certain types of skin cancer 42

TeCHNiCAL NOTeSeNVIRONMeNTAL ReSeARCH 44MeDICAL ReSeARCH 44OCCUPATIONAL ReSeARCH 44PUbLIC HeALTH ReSeARCH 45


Feb 13 2015


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HeALTH eFFeCTS


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Skin





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First Aid Measures










Feb 13 2015











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Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015


ASiA PACiFiC








Legislation


Feb 13 2015








Feb 13 2015




httpwwwepagovtnz

AMeRiCA



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwepagov



Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwcsb



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwohsonlinecom

eUROPe



Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015









httpwwwhsegovuk



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwefsaeuropaeu


Whatrsquos new





Feb 13 2015



httpwwwhsegovuk


Feb 13 2015




httpechaeuropaeu



httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update


Feb 13 2015




httpechaeuropaeu





Feb 13 2015








httpechaeuropaeu


Feb 13 2015


Pinterest


Janetrsquos Corner


Feb 13 2015




USeS [2]




HeALTH eFFeCTS


Ingestion




Hazard Alert


Feb 13 2015





Skin





Inhalation







Feb 13 2015


SAFeTy [56]

First Aid Measures










Feb 13 2015











Feb 13 2015


ReGULATiON [78]

United States






ReFeReNCeS





Feb 13 2015



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Gossip


Feb 13 2015




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httpwwwabcnetaunews



Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015



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Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015








Feb 13 2015




httpwwwepagovtnz

AMeRiCA



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwepagov



Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwcsb



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwohsonlinecom

eUROPe



Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015









httpwwwhsegovuk



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwefsaeuropaeu


Whatrsquos new





Feb 13 2015



httpwwwhsegovuk


Feb 13 2015




httpechaeuropaeu



httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update


Feb 13 2015




httpechaeuropaeu





Feb 13 2015








httpechaeuropaeu


Feb 13 2015


Pinterest


Janetrsquos Corner


Feb 13 2015




USeS [2]




HeALTH eFFeCTS


Ingestion




Hazard Alert


Feb 13 2015





Skin





Inhalation







Feb 13 2015


SAFeTy [56]

First Aid Measures










Feb 13 2015











Feb 13 2015


ReGULATiON [78]

United States






ReFeReNCeS





Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015



Gossip


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015




httpwwwabcnetaunews



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwabcnetaunews



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwsciamcom



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwsciamcom



Feb 13 2015



httpwwwsciamcom


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







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Feb 13 2015







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Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015




httpwwwepagovtnz

AMeRiCA



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwepagov



Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwcsb



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwohsonlinecom

eUROPe



Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015









httpwwwhsegovuk



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwefsaeuropaeu


Whatrsquos new





Feb 13 2015



httpwwwhsegovuk


Feb 13 2015




httpechaeuropaeu



httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update


Feb 13 2015




httpechaeuropaeu





Feb 13 2015








httpechaeuropaeu


Feb 13 2015


Pinterest


Janetrsquos Corner


Feb 13 2015




USeS [2]




HeALTH eFFeCTS


Ingestion




Hazard Alert


Feb 13 2015





Skin





Inhalation







Feb 13 2015


SAFeTy [56]

First Aid Measures










Feb 13 2015











Feb 13 2015


ReGULATiON [78]

United States






ReFeReNCeS





Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015



Gossip


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015




httpwwwabcnetaunews



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwabcnetaunews



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwsciamcom



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwsciamcom



Feb 13 2015



httpwwwsciamcom


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015




httpwwwepagov



Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwcsb



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwohsonlinecom

eUROPe



Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015









httpwwwhsegovuk



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwefsaeuropaeu


Whatrsquos new





Feb 13 2015



httpwwwhsegovuk


Feb 13 2015




httpechaeuropaeu



httpechaeuropaeu

ReACH Update


Feb 13 2015




httpechaeuropaeu





Feb 13 2015








httpechaeuropaeu


Feb 13 2015


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Janetrsquos Corner


Feb 13 2015




USeS [2]




HeALTH eFFeCTS


Ingestion




Hazard Alert


Feb 13 2015





Skin





Inhalation







Feb 13 2015


SAFeTy [56]

First Aid Measures










Feb 13 2015











Feb 13 2015


ReGULATiON [78]

United States






ReFeReNCeS





Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015



Gossip


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







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Feb 13 2015







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Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015




httpwwwsciamcom



Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015



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Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015














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Feb 13 2015








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ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwcsb



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwohsonlinecom

eUROPe



Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015









httpwwwhsegovuk



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwefsaeuropaeu


Whatrsquos new





Feb 13 2015



httpwwwhsegovuk


Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015








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Feb 13 2015


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Janetrsquos Corner


Feb 13 2015




USeS [2]




HeALTH eFFeCTS


Ingestion




Hazard Alert


Feb 13 2015





Skin





Inhalation







Feb 13 2015


SAFeTy [56]

First Aid Measures










Feb 13 2015











Feb 13 2015


ReGULATiON [78]

United States






ReFeReNCeS





Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015



Gossip


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







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Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015



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Feb 13 2015




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Feb 13 2015








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httpwwwsciamcom



Feb 13 2015



httpwwwsciamcom


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015




httpwwwsciamcom



Feb 13 2015




httpwwwsciamcom



Feb 13 2015



httpwwwsciamcom


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015




httpwwwsciamcom



Feb 13 2015



httpwwwsciamcom


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015



httpwwwsciamcom


Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015



Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015







Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015





Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015














Technical Notes


Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH




Feb 13 2015








Legislation

ASIA PACIFIC





AMERICA




EUROPE





REACH Update





Janetrsquos Corner

Pavlovrsquos Cat

Hazard Alert

Dimethylacetamide

Gossip
















Technical Notes


MEDICAL RESEARCH

