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Federalism Article IV: Interstate Relations

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Why are Interstate Relations Important? Can you think of examples? What if Ohioans were not allowed to travel into Indiana? Or needed a passport to do so? What if your Ohio drivers license was not valid when you drove in Kentucky? Key provisions in the Constitution deal with issues such as these

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Article IV governs this crucial relationship between the states (3 examples) Interstate Relations

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Interstate Relations 1. Full Faith and Credit Clause 2. Privileges and Immunities Clause 3. Extradition 4. Interstate Compacts NOT in Article IV, but are crucial when discussing Interstate Relations

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Full Faith and Credit Clause Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State First of all, lets break this down Public Acts the laws of a state (civil NOT criminal) Records documents such as birth certificates, marital status, property deeds, car registrations, etc Judicial Proceedings court rulings; damage awards, proving of wills, divorce decrees, etc

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*Main idea: each states laws, legal documents and court rulings will be recognized as valid in all of the 50 states!!!

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Lets look at some examples

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Karl Malone and his obscenity lawsuit in Utah Charles was adopted in Arizona, but his family moved Kim and Kris got a divorce in California, so

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Probably the most controversial issue 1993: Hawaiian Supreme Court 1996: Congress and DOMA 1998: Hawaii voters, state constitution 2000: Vermont!

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Privileges and Immunities Clause The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States Prohibits states from discriminating against citizens of other states without justification

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Lets look at some examples

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The Supreme Court and the Alaskan Oil Pipeline

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College tuition at a State school In State vs. Out-of-State

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College tuition at a Private school

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Hunting licenses, state by state

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Extradition A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime... (Extradition) The legal process by which a fugitive from justice in one state is returned to that state

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*If you commit a crime in one state, you WILL be returned to it if you flee 1861 SCOTUS rulingvs. 1987 SCOTUS ruling

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Interstate Compacts Interstate Compact: agreement between two or more states Article I, Sec. 10: provides that "no state shall enter into an agreement or compact with another state" without the consent of Congress. Important way for states to cooperate in policy making

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Lets look at some examples

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* The Interstate Driver's License Compact is an agreement between 45 member states (plus D.C.) to exchange information regarding traffic violations with each of the member states. * Driver's License Compact: says that an individual has only one driver's license record or driving record. * EX) If you are arrested for DUI in the state of Colorado, but you live in Arizona, the state of Colorado will inform the state of Arizona of the DUI offense and Arizona will treat the DUI arrest as if it happened in the state of Arizona

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* The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey is a port district, established in 1921 through an interstate compact * The Port Authority runs most of the transportation infrastructure in the area * Operates: * Hudson River crossings * Bridge crossings connecting New Jersey with Manhattan, and crossings that connect New Jersey with Staten Island * Port Authority Bus Terminal * PATH rail system * LaGuardia, JFK, Newark Liberty International Airport, Teterboro Airport and Stewart International Airport.