Frayer Model TermsYvonne Le - Unit 2

Centralists

Textbook Definition: Concentration of power and authority in a central organization, as in a political system. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/centralists)

My Definition: To have all of the power in a central group

Analogy: It is similar to the solar system

The light and sun go together while the power concentration and central organization go together.

Symbolic Image:

http://en.es-static.us/upl/2011/02/solar_system.jpg

Commerce Clause

Textbook Definition: Provision of the United States Constitution that grants Congress the ability to regulate commerce relationships between foreign countries, states and Indian tribes. (http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/commerce-clause.html)

My Definition: A grant of power that allows Congress to maintain trading relationships between foreign countries, states and Indian tribes.

Analogy: It is similar to a set of instructions given by someone.

A teacher may give students instructions/rules and the teacher has the power to reinforce the rules.

Symbolic Image:

http://specialtywineretailers.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/constitution.jpg

Confederation

Textbook Definition: A group of confederates, especially of states or nations, united for a common purpose; a league. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/confederation)

My Definition: A group of nations or states uniting for a common issue or purpose

Analogy: It is similar to volunteer organization.

Volunteers come together for a common purpose to help those in need (housing, food, clothing and etc.)

Symbolic Image:

http://houseofhopeut.org/images/Volunteer_Graphic.jpg

Cooperative Federalism

Textbook Definition: A political and My Definition: An idea in which the

constitutional concept developed in the early 20th century that emphasizes the decentralization of power and a not necessarily equal sharing of governmental responsibilities between federal, state and local agencies and institutions. (http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-cooperative-federalism.htm)

different levels of government (local, state, federal) interact together to solve mutual issues.

Analogy: It is similar to a group of high school students who work on a school project.

They have to interact with each other to finish the project (issue).

Symbolic Image:

http://www.marburnacademy.org/images/HSCollaboratingCrop.jpg

Decentralists

Textbook Definition: To distribute the administrative functions or powers of (a central authority) among several local authorities. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Decentralist)

My Definition: Distributing the duties from a central power to a smaller and local government

Analogy: It is similar to food coloring when distributing the dye through a solvent to a less concentrated area.

Symbolic Image:

http://www.liesyoungwomenbelieve.com/assets/images/food%20coloring%20in

%20water.jpg

Devolution

Textbook Definition: The transfer or delegation of power to a lower level, esp. by central government to local or regional administration. (http://nicedefinition.com/Definition/Word/devolution/devolution.aspx)

My Definition: Transferring power to a lower level

Analogy: It is similar to an experienced CEO stepping down and handing it over to a less experienced CEO.

Symbolic Image:

http://rack.0.mshcdn.com/media/ZgkyMDEyLzEyLzA0LzBlL2ludGVsY2VvcGF1LmFYZC5qcGcKcAl0aHVtYgk5NTB4NTM0IwplCWpwZw/be108db8/37d/intel-ceo-paul-otellini-stepping-down-8b4243324c.jpg

Dual Federalism

Textbook Definition: The political theory that two different governments share sovereign power over a certain region or people. (http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-dual-federalism.htm)

My Definition: A strong and weak government share the power

Analogy: A school principal has their rights but must follow the school superintendent’s instructions.

Symbolic Image:

http://www.janesville.k12.wi.us/portals/1/images/MP900341522.JPG

Enumerated Powers

Textbook Definition: Powers given to the federal government by the terms of the U.S. Constitution. (http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-3401801395.html)

My Definition: The powers that are established in the U.S. Constitution given to Congress

Analogy: It is similar to the Ten Commandments, defining the right and wrong.

Symbolic Image:

http://

observethetencommandments.info/observe/images/ten-commandments-niv.jpg

Express Powers

Textbook Definition: Powers that Congress has that are specifically listed in the Constitution. (http://definitions.uslegal.com/e/expressed-powers/)

My Definition: The powers that are granted to Congress that are listed in the U.S. Constitution

Analogy: It similar to terms of agreement, which states what the company will do with your information and whether you will allow it.

Symbolic Image:

http://cache.gizmodo.com/assets/images/4/2011/05/itunes_alert_lrg.jpg

Federal Mandate

Textbook Definition: Any provision in statute or regulation or any Federal court ruling that imposes an enforceable duty upon State, local, or tribal governments including a condition of Federal assistance or a duty arising from participation in a voluntary Federal program. (http://definitions.uslegal.com/f/federal-mandate/)

My Definition: Something that the federal government requires from a state government

Analogy: It is similar to a school dress code.

The school requires students to follow their dress code.

Symbolic Image:

http://northcrowleyhigh.crowleyisdtx.org/modules/groups/homepagefiles/cms/2041904/Image/ParrentsandStudents/DressCode.jpg

Federalism

Textbook Definition: A system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/federalism)

My Definition: A system of government that both federal and state share power

Analogy: It is similar of where teachers and parents have authority over the students/children.

Symbolic Image:

http://www.sauer-thompson.com/archives/opinion/LeakaphA3.jpg

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Textbook Definition: Provides that the various states must recognize legislative acts, public records, and judicial decisions of the other states within the United States. (http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Full+Faith+and+Credit+Clause)

My Definition: Any legal decisions made by one state must be available for other states to see

Analogy: It is similar to marriage, you should be acknowledge as a married couple in one state and another.

Symbolic Image:

http://www.thediamondauthority.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Diamond-Wedding-Bands.jpg

Implied Powers

Textbook Definition: A political power not expressly named in a constitution but that is inferred because it is necessary to the performance of an enumerated power. (http://law.yourdictionary.com/implied-power)

My Definition: It isn’t explicitly stated but are implied.

Analogy: It is similar to when a parent gives you the look not to do something bad without directly saying it or showing action.

Symbolic Image:

http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/56478/56478,1232482938,1/stock-photo-angry-parents-stare-with-disappointment-at-the-camera-23623471.jpg

Inherent Powers

Textbook Definition: An authority possessed without its being derived from another. It is a right, ability or faculty of doing a thing, without receiving that right,

My Definition: Powers that aren’t explicitly stated but implanted into an idea

ability or faculty from another. (http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Inherent+power)

Analogy: It is similar to a parent’s responsibility to look out for their child even without explicitly stating it

Symbolic Image:

http://www.parent-infantstudycenter.com/images/father%20love.jpg

Interstate Compact

Textbook Definition: A voluntary arrangement between two or more states that is designed to solve their common problems and that becomes part of the laws of each state. (http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Interstate+Compact)

My Definition: An agreement between two or more states to solve issues to become a part of the law

Analogy: It is similar to how Congress cannot pass a bill without the President signing it

Symbolic Image:

http://thinkprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/obama-signing-alone.preview.jpg

Necessary and Proper Clause

Textbook Definition: A section of the United States Constitution that enables Congress to make the laws required for the exercise of its other powers established by the Constitution. (http://law.yourdictionary.com/necessary-and-proper-clause)

My Definition: A clause that allows Congress to make laws where the Constitution doesn’t give a specific power to act.

Analogy: It is similar to people giving money to charity.

There isn’t a set amount of how much they want to donate

Symbolic Image:

http://belmontfrontporch.files.wordpress.com/2007/12/donating-to-charity.jpg

Referendum

Textbook Definition: The principle or practice of referring measures proposed or passed by a legislative body to the vote of the electorate for approval or rejection. (http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/referendum)

My Definition: Allowing the people to speak their views on legislation before it becomes a law.

Analogy: It is similar to a petition whether people are for or against it before they make a final decision.

Symbolic Image:

http://www.freewebs.com/rescuewenjian/petition08April2007.jpg

Reserved Powers

Textbook Definition: A political power that a constitution reserves exclusively to the jurisdiction of a particular political authority. (http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/reserved+power)

My Definition: Constitutional powers that are reserved to the state or people

Analogy: The power that parents have over their children. Some will let their children make their own decisions.

Symbolic Image:

http://www.braintrack.com/images/college-and-work-news/parents-more-involved-in-college-decisions-10113002.jpg

Supremacy Clause

Textbook Definition: The federal government, in exercising any of the powers enumerated in the Constitution, must prevail over any conflicting or inconsistent state exercise of power. (http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Supremacy+Clause)

My Definition: A Constitutional clause that states that the Constitution is the most important and no other laws can be above it.

Analogy: It is similar to strict parents saying that it is okay to discipline children by hitting/spanking but if a law says different, we must follow it.

Symbolic Image:

http://cdn.dipity.com/uploads/events/8abd4f8721f396c21ca6b2a423519465_1M

.png

Sovereignty

Textbook Definition: Supremacy of authority or rule as exercised by a sovereign or sovereign state. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/sovereignty)

My Definition: A government that is not controlled by other countries and has supreme power

Analogy: It is similar to the power that parents have over their children.

Symbolic Image:

http://backspin.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/stalhler.JPG