federalism ppt for 09 10
TRANSCRIPT
A way of organizing a nation so that two or more levels of government have formal
authority over the same area and people.
Most governments in the world today have unitary governments,
in which all power resides in the central
government.
• In a confederation, the national government is weak and most or all of the power
is in the hands of its components.– European Union– United Nations
The word federalism is not mentioned in the
Constitution.
The 10th Amendment states that “powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited
by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the
people.”
McCulloch v Maryland (1819)– the first case that brought the issue
of state versus national power
before the Supreme Court
Obligations that each state has to every other state.
Full Faith and Credit
ExtraditionPrivileges and Immunities of Citizens
• Dual Federalism is analogous to a layer cake, because in dual federalism, powers and policy assignments of the layers of government are distinct and clear, as in the layers of a layer cake.
• Cooperative Federalism is analogous to a marble cake, because in cooperative federalism, powers and policy assignments are shared between the states and the national government. Responsibilities are mingled and there are blurred distinctions between the levels of government.
The pattern of spending, taxing, and providing grants in the federal
system.* The cornerstone of the national
government’s relations with state & local governments
There are two major types of federal aid for
states: Categorical grantsBlock grants
The main source of federal aidGrants that can be used only
for specific purposes or categories
You must apply for them and certain qualifications
Come with numerous “strings”
Project Grants—the most common; awarded on the basis of competitive applications
Formula Grants—Distributed according to a formula; states automatically receive funds based on a formula developed from factors such as population
Used to support broad programs in areas like community development and social services
Given almost automaticallyStates have discretion in
deciding how to spend the money