feighery ncdp presentation
DESCRIPTION
Presentation to the National CenteTRANSCRIPT
Crisis mapping for disaster response: from the Haiti earthquake to Sandy
A presentation by Annie Feighery, EdM, MPACandidate, EdD
Teachers College, Columbia University
Diffusion of innovations curve within the UN regarding crisis mapping
The value of crisis mapping as a rapid assessment tool
The validity of crisis mapping depends on positive reinforcement mechanisms within the system
Sandy
• January 12, 2010: 7.0 magnitude earthquake west of Port-au-Prince, Haiti
• 3 million people affected: 316,000 deaths, another million left homeless
• Severe infrastructure damage: hospitals, airport, government and UN buildings
•Watershed moment for crowdsourced disaster response
Background
Source: noula.ht
Source: Mission4636
click
Methods of analysis
• Qualitative interviews: key informants representing both Ushahidi and multilateral agencies
• Google analytics: geocoding IPs
• Wordle: visual representation of key words and mood
• Social network analysis: bonding vs bridging vs linking
• Text mining: parsed database of reports
Top hits by country over time (January-April)
Source: Google Analytics (Haiti.Ushahidi.org)
n=3600 messages, source: Ushahidi database
Geotime graph of all coded SMS messages over time
Geotime graph of messages coded collapsed infrastructure (blue) and food and shelter needs (green) over time
Cluster response PDNA
SMS mapped messages
n=3600 messages, source: Ushahidi database~40,000 SMS messages originally received
Ties type Help-seeking behavior
Degree of similarity
Bonding Strong tiesInformal forms of support
Homophilous
Bridging Weak tiesFormal forms of support
Heterophilous
Granovetter, M. (1983). The strength of weak ties: A network theory revisited. Sociological Theory, 1(1), 201-233.Lin, N. (2002). Social capital: A theory of social structure and action. Cambridge Univ Pr.
b.#Earthquake#vic0m#inside#Hai0#
a.#Earthquake#vic0ms#
b.#Relief#organiza0ons#
c.#Public#outside#of#Hai0##
n=906#
n=24#
n=875#
n=7#
c.#Relief#Responder#from#tradi2onal#NGO#
a.#Earthquake#vic2ms#
b.#Relief#organiza2ons#
c.#Public#outside#of#Hai2##
n=368#
n=39#
n=310#
n=17#
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations. Free Press.
Diffusion Curve, adapted from Rogers (2002)
Crisis mapping Sandy
• Sense making/situational awareness
• Social network-based information
• Hashtag crisis
• Handheld-friendly tools
• Liability protection
• Tweet studies
• Dave from Hoboken
NYC.gov
• Rachel Sterne Haot, CDO
• Twitter donated promoted tweets:
‣ 2k over 2 weeks
• Total social digital reach as of 11/9: 2,785,806
• Corrected bad reports, guided remarks
• Transportation needs dominated convo
ANY QUESTIONS?
Annie Feigherytwitter: @AnnieFeighery
www.participatoryepi.posterous.comwww.mWater.Co
extra slides
SNA Codes• 3.Topic of message
a. Looking for missing person
b. Report of individual needed medical
assistance
c. Need for supplies
d. Report of infrastructure, i.e., road damage
e. Report of available supplies
f. General thoughts or prayers offered
4. Intended recipient of message
a. Earthquake victims
b. Relief organizations
c. Public outside of Haiti
1. Location of sender
a. Within Haiti
b. Outside of Haiti
2. Type of sender
a. General public outside of Haiti
b. Earthquake victim inside Haiti
c. Relief Responder from traditional NGO
d. Crowdsourced relief responder
Interview Results• There was an inability to use the information
gathered to directly interact with the Haitians who provided it.
• UN and other official entities were reticent to use the information gathered because: a) they distrusted the validity of the sources, and b) they were too overtasked with their traditional evaluation protocol to subsume additional monitoring of social media.
• The discord that marked the initial stages of relief in
Bonding Bridging
borrow a cup of milk go buy milk at the bodega
ask a neighbor to watch your child
ask a neighbor for the phone number of their
babysitter
ask to borrow money apply for Welfare assistance