Our mission is to provide Army installations with the capabilities and services to support expeditionary operations in a time of persistent conflict, and to provide a quality of life for Soldiers and Families commensurate with

their Service

We are the Army’s Home

Fire Risk Management on the Garrison

Our Approach to Managing Fire Risk That “Falls Outside” Our Scope of

Services

Terminal Performance Objective

Given the need to ensure that Common Levels of Support (CLS) can be delivered with assigned

resources, the Fire Chief will develop a Fire Risk Management Plan for their garrison that addresses

those hazards where CLS measures cannot be accomplished, in compliance with the requirements

of DoDI 6055.06, DES CLS 68, and the Army’s Composite Risk Management Program.

Enabling Objectives

•Explain the Standard Time Temperature Curve and its impact on CLS 68 B – Provide Emergency Response Services for Structural Fires•Describe how to use the 5-Step Process in the Army’s Composite Risk Management Program to address fire risk•List the IMES-F required actions to manage those risks that fall outside the parameters of CLS 68 for structural fire response

We Work Better When We Work Together

You need resources to meet your mission

Our mission is to get you those resources

We accomplish our mission using a “key

resource”—the information you

provide to us

The better the quality of this “key resource”, the better we accomplish

our mission

You get the resources you

need to be successful

Your communication of consistent, accurate,

and timely information is critical to our mutual

success

ReputationalRisk

GovernanceRisk

ComplianceRisk

FinancialRisk

OperationalRisk

Legal Risks

Organizational RiskManagement (ORM)

ReputationalRisk

GovernanceRisk

ComplianceRisk

OperationalRisk

Legal Risks

The Way There

•Understand the Scope of Services•Assess to determine where you can deliver on those services in your response zone(s)•Be Real—accept where you CAN’T deliver with the resources you have on hand•Develop a plan for those situations where you can’t meet the mission•Communicate the Plan

DoDI 6055.06How We Will Do

it Across DoD

AR 420-1How We Will Do it in Army

CLSHow We Will Measure It

Scopeof

Services Defined

Time Temperature Curve

Regardless of what standard of

measurement you use, the principle is the same

Time equals loss

Principles of Risk Management

Frequency

Risk

Who’s at Risk?“Big” Army—

the Organization

Soldiers, DAC, and other

civilian employees

Military Families

Fire & ES Personnel

Addressed through Job Hazard Analysis

(JHA)

We’ve Addressed the Risk to the

“Blue Boxes” by Developing Our

Scope of Services

HR/LF HR/HF

•Standby at Garrison Picnic•Response to Damaged Sprinkler System

LR/LF

•Reported Gas Leak•Smoke Detector Activation

•“Smells & Bells” Calls

LR/HF

Source: Graham, Gordon. Why things go right, why things go wrong

Frequency

Risk

The 90% : What We Should Be Able to Do Within Our Scope of Services

The 10%: What We Need

to Plan For

• Structure Fires in SFD & MFD• Vehicle Fires• MVC with injuries/need for extrication

• HazMat• Confined Space

Rescue• WUI Fires

Any situation that exceeds our

resources and their capabilities

Discretionary Time (DT)Proactive

Non- Discretionary Time (NDT)

Reactive

Source: Graham, Gordon. Why things go right, why things go wrong

Composite Risk Management

Hazard Identification (METT-TC Process)

Mission

Enemy

Terrain & Weather

Troops

Time

Civilian

Activity

Disrupters

Terrain & Weather

People

Time

Legal

Conduct combat

patrol of SE sector of city

Provide fire protection for new privatized housing site on

base

Hazard Identification (METT-TC Process)

Mission

Enemy

Terrain & Weather

Troops

Time

Civilian

Activity

Disrupters

Terrain & Weather

People

Time

Legal

• Armed insurgents

• IEDs• Snipers • Civilians

loyal to insurgents

• Located beyond acceptable ART from current stations

• Light-weight wood construction

• 3 stories on Side “A”; some buildings 4+ stories on Side “C”

• Available water supply

Hazard Identification (METT-TC Process)

Mission

Enemy

Terrain & Weather

Troops

Time

Civilian

Activity

Disrupters

Terrain & Weather

People

Time

Legal

• Hot, dry• Urban

environment

• Development is in Wild land Urban Interface (WUI)

• Single, two-lane road is only access

Hazard Identification (METT-TC Process)

Mission

Enemy

Terrain & Weather

Troops

Time

Civilian

Activity

Disrupters

Terrain & Weather

People

Time

Legal

• Physical condition

• Training• Equipmen

t• Troops

available

• FES Staffing• Soldiers• Family

Members• Smoke

detectors• Alarm systems• Apparatus• Station

locations

Hazard Identification (METT-TC Process)

Mission

Enemy

Terrain & Weather

Troops

Time

Civilian

Activity

Disrupters

Terrain & Weather

People

Time

Legal

• Movement time

• Enemy timeline

• How much time to prepare?

• Priority of work

• Discretionary Time (DT)

• Non-Discretionary Time (NDT)

• How much time to prepare?

• Priority of work

Hazard Identification (METT-TC Process)

Mission

Enemy

Terrain & Weather

Troops

Time

Civilian

Activity

Disrupters

Terrain & Weather

People

Time

Legal

• Refugees• ROE (Rules of

Engagement)• ROI (Rules of

Interaction)• Gov’t

agencies

• Building Code• Fire

Prevention Code

• NFPA Standards

• DoDI 6055.06• AR 420-1• Service 68 CLS

Our mission is to provide Army installations with the capabilities and services to support expeditionary operations in a time of persistent conflict, and to provide a quality of life for Soldiers and Families commensurate with

their Service

We are the Army’s Home

When we cannot deliver our services

according to our Scope of Service

Make good use of your Discretionary Time

Developing controls at 0200 hrs with the building on fire and babies hanging from

the balconies is a %&$#@!

“The serious losses in life and property resulting annually from fires cause me deep concern.  I am sure that such unnecessary waste can be reduced.  The substantial progress made in the science of fire prevention and fire protection in this country during the past forty years convinces me that the means are available for limiting this unnecessary destruction.”-----Harry S Truman

May 13, 1948

Fire Reduction Controls

• Education• Engineering• Enforcement February

1966

II – 1976III – 1986IV – 1996V - 2003

Engineering

• Require residential sprinklers in all newly constructed one and two family homes. Period.

• Change building codes so that all building materials must pass fire resistance performance standards, not just “gravity-defiance” standards.

• Change building codes in Wild land Urban Interface areas to prohibit the use of combustible building materials. Mandate the use of block, concrete, stucco, and other non-combustible materials. Period.

• Mandate Fire-safe cigarettes nation-wide.

Source: Avsec, R.P., 21st Century Manifesto, Fire Chief Magazine, Mutual Aid blog, http://blog.firechief.com/mutual_aid/?author=6

Education

• Require that all residential property in a locality—rental and occupant-owned—has a copy of the locality’s fire prevention code “do’s and don’ts”, written in “plain English” and other applicable languages for the community.

• Require fire departments and school systems to jointly deliver a standard fire prevention curriculum in elementary, middle, and high schools every two years.

• Require completion of fire prevention course of study as prerequisite for obtaining a residential lease or buying a home.

• Require insurance companies to inspect rental and occupant-owned residential properties before insuring the property. Require policy holders to submit an affidavit to their insurance company stating that they comply with the fire prevention provisions of their policy and their locality every year as a condition to renew their coverage.

Source: Avsec, R.P., 21st Century Manifesto, Fire Chief Magazine, Mutual Aid blog, http://blog.firechief.com/mutual_aid/?author=6

Enforcement

• Investigate all fires and issue a court summons to the building occupant if a fire is determined to have been caused by their negligence. (Just like a traffic accident: if you’re at fault, you pay the price.)

• Bill the occupant for the cost of fire suppression services when a fire is determined to have been the result of occupant negligence.

• Fine builders and contractors when a fire investigation reveals that improper building materials or building practices (a) started the fire or (b) contributed to the spread of the fire.

• Fine rental property owners who do not maintain their rental properties and whose properties are not in compliance with the locality’s fire prevention code.

• Incorporate a locality’s level of fire protection and history of fire loss into the financial processes that financial institutions use to determine a locality’s bond rating.

Source: Avsec, R.P., 21st Century Manifesto, Fire Chief Magazine, Mutual Aid blog, http://blog.firechief.com/mutual_aid/?author=6

Our mission is to provide Army installations with the capabilities and services to support expeditionary operations in a time of persistent conflict, and to provide a quality of life for Soldiers and Families commensurate with

their Service

We are the Army’s Home

Remember—We’re addressing the 10% or so that our Scope of

Services do not address

Our mission is to provide Army installations with the capabilities and services to support expeditionary operations in a time of persistent conflict, and to provide a quality of life for Soldiers and Families commensurate with

their Service

We are the Army’s Home

Our mission is to provide Army installations with the capabilities and services to support expeditionary operations in a time of persistent conflict, and to provide a quality of life for Soldiers and Families commensurate with

their Service

We are the Army’s Home

Our mission is to provide Army installations with the capabilities and services to support expeditionary operations in a time of persistent conflict, and to provide a quality of life for Soldiers and Families commensurate with

their Service

We are the Army’s Home

When We Can’t Meet Our Scope of Service—Implement Controls

Obtain a Variance from IMES-F

Develop a SOP that specifically addresses the risk on your garrison

Inform & educate FES staff about the risk and the plan to mitigate the hazard

Inform & educate garrison leadership and the affected population about the risk and the plan to mitigate the hazard

Enabling Objectives

•Explain the Standard Time Temperature Curve and its impact on CLS 68 B – Provide Emergency Response Services for Structural Fires•Describe how to use the 5-Step Process in the Army’s Composite Risk Management Program to address fire risk•List the actions required by IMES-F to manage those risks that fall outside the parameters of CLS 68 for structural fire response

Questions?

U.S. Army, Custer Barracks, Battle Creek, Michigan, 18 Sept 1918

Source: Port Huron Museum, http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~miporthu/Boldt/BoldtCollection.htm