Fetal Pig Dissection –Structures and Functions

Digestive System Canines • Tear at food Submaxillary Gland• Secretes saliva and mucous to form bolus Pharynx• Opening to esophagusEsophagus• Transfers food from mouth to stomach via

peristalsis

Digestive System Stomach• Mechanical and chemical digestion Pyloric sphincter• Controls gastric emptyingSmall IntestineDuodenum• Chemical digestion and absorption of

nutrientsIleum• Wraps up aborption

Digestive System Pancreas• Secretes digestive enzymes to duodenumLiver• Produces bile to emulsify fatsGall Bladder• Storage of bileBile Duct• Transfers bile from gall bladder to

duodenum

Digestive System

Colon (l. intestine)• Water absorption to produce feces• Bacteria to aid w/undigested food Rectum• Storage of feces prior to eliminationAnus• Allows feces to exit the rectum

Digestive System Spleen• Destruction of old blood cells• Stores RBC• Manufactures WBCThymus• Produces hormones involved in the processing

and maturation of special lymphocytes called T-cells

• Replaced by connective tissue and fat during puberty

Respiratory System Epiglottis• Covers trachea during swallowing reflexTrachea• Transfers air from nasal cavity to bronchi Larynx (vocal cords)• Voice resonanceBronchus• Transfer air from trachea to

bronchioles/alveoli

Respiratory System Lungs• Site of gas exchange b/w air and

capillaries in the alveoliDiaphragm• Contracts to draw air into lungs

Urinary System Kidney• Filtration, secretion, and reabsorption of

bloodAdrenal gland• Produces hormonesHilus• Entering into kidney for r. arteries, r. veins,

and uretersBladder• Temporary storage of urine

Urinary System Urethra • Carries urine from the bladder to the

urethral orifice

Urinary System

RENAL

ARTERY

HILUM

Circulatory System Heart• Pumps blood to systemic and pulmonary circuits• Right ventricle

– Receives from RA and pumps to pulm. Arteries• Left ventricle

– Receives from LA and pumps to aorta• Right atrium

– Receives blood from vena cava’s and coronary sinus• Left atrim

– Receives bloood from pulm. veinsAuricles• Increase volume of blood in the atriaEpicardium• Protects the heart; outer covering

Circulatory System External Jugular• Drains blood from the right side of head and

neck region (sends to RA)Internal Jugular• Drains the head and deep regions of face and

neckCommon carotid arteries• Deliver blood to the brain

Circulatory System Aorta • Receives blood from LV and delivers it to the systemic

circuitAbdominal aorta• Main extension of the aorta that supplies the abdominal

cavity and its many arteriesA. Vena Cava (superior)• Drains blood from head, neck, and ventral portion of

the body and returns blood back to the RAP. Vena Cava (inferior)• Drains blood from the abdomen and dorsal portion of

body and returns it to the heart

Circulatory System Umbilical artery• Delivers blood from fetus to placenta;

deoxygenatedUmbilical vein• Delivers blood from placenta to fetus;

oxygenatedUmbilical cord• Attaches to placenta; nourishes fetus

Circulatory System Renal veins• Drains the kidneys; clean blood back to

heartRenal arteries• Delivers blood to the kidneys; supplies

oxygen and is cleaned of cellular wastes

Circulatory System Pulmonary arteries• RA lungs Pulmonary veins• Lungs LASubclavian artery• Major branch of aorta; supplies vertebral region

and thyrocervical areas with bloodSubclavian vein• Delivers blood to the superior vena cava from

the vertebral and thyrocervical areas

Circulatory System Femoral vein• Delivers blood from the thigh to the external

iliac that joins the IVC to deliver blood back to heart

Femoral artery• major artery of the leg; supplies many branches

with blood for the thigh• Branches from the common iliacAnterior and posterior tibial arteries• Delivers blood to the lower leg and foot

Reproductive System Ovary• Produces eggsOviducts• Transfers eggs to uterusUterus• Development of kits; divided to house a litterVagina• Birth canal; receives penis and transfers semen to

cervix/uterus

Reproductive System Testis• Produce spermScrotum• Surrounds and protects the testesEpididymis • Collect and store maturing sperm cells

Reproductive System Vas deferens• Transfers sperm from epididymis to urethraSeminal vesicle• Seminal fluid that contains fructose and

prostaglandinsProstate gland• Milky fluid that contains enzymes and adjusts

vaginal pH

Reproductive System Penis• Transfers semen to vaginal canal