ffc risk assessment - energy networks association · environmental risk assessment • challenges:...
TRANSCRIPT
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Fluid Filled Cables Risk Assessment
Alan Archer CMIOSH, Asset Lifecycle Engineer
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UK Electricity Network
• Owned & operated by 10 Distribution Network Operators & National Grid Transco
• •Over 836,000 km of lines & cables of which:• –344,000 km are overhead lines• –492,000 km are underground cables• •980,000 substation sites• •Have equipment containing oil in quantities ranging
from a few litres to tens of thousands of litres.
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Fluid Filled Cables & The Environment
• A full range of environmental aspects and impacts:• Climate Change• –Vehicle emissions• –Energy Losses• Pollution of Land and Waste• –Oil handling & storage• –Leakage (inc 3rd party damage)• –Contaminated soil and materials• • Nuisance• –Excavation and pumping noise• –Street works–road closures• Ecological and Historic Impacts• –Potential to protected species and sites during repairs
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Fluid Filled Cables• The majority of the cables were
installed in 1960’s mainly in the fast growing conurbations.
• •These system comprises: – • cable with oil which is contained
within the small spaces between the outer sheath and inner cores;
• •joints; and • •above or below ground pressurised
tanks• •Number and size of the tanks depend
on topography• •Size of cable and operating pressure
depends on voltage• •UK Power Networks: approx.
2,500km of cable -approx. capacity of 27 million litres
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Cable Fluid
• Formulations have been changed over the years • The fluids are all compatible with each other and will readily mix.
– -P1/DDB : Mineral fluids or mixtures, non biodegradable, used up until the late 1960s. Use stopped due to poor availability from producers.
– -C14 : Synthetic & a by-product of the Detergent Industry, used from the late 1960’s to the late 1970’s, not biodegradable.
– -C14A or P2 : Revised structure of the C14 fluid used in the 1970’s to the late 1980’s -low biodegradability.
– -P3, C14B or T3788 : Currently used, developed to be more environmentally friendly, biodegradable.
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Environmental Risk Assessment
• Challenges:• Availability of digitised cable route/section data• Point source –distance to a sensitive feature straight forward -Most cable
routes are several km’s long• Only small length of cable may be near or within a sensitive feature or there
may be a range of feature along the route• Some sections of route may also have been replaced by solid cables• There may be several cable sections along a route –may have own tanks
and split into different routes • Solution:• Generate an area sensitivity map • Route change colour as it crosses the sensitive area• Assessment can be refined from route to section level as better digitised
data becomes available.
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Environmental Risk Assessment
• Requirement of the FFC Operating Code between the Environment Agency and Distribution Network Operators
• Applications of CoP ETR 135 Guidance on the operation and maintenance of FFC
• Assessment underpins the ability to comply with the required leak reporting and response requirements
• Key requirement is to identify routes in Sensitive Areas• Environment Agency defines a Sensitive Area as: • -An area within 50m of a watercourse, • -A Major Aquifer with high or intermediate vulnerability or where
groundwater is close to the surface (10 metres), • -A Source Protection Zone (SPZ) around groundwater abstractions.
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Environmental Risk Assessment• Challenges:• • Availability of digitised cable route/section data• • Point source –distance to a sensitive feature straight forward -some cable
routes several km long• • Only small length of cable may be near or within a sensitive feature or
there may be a range of feature along the route• • Some sections of route may also have been replaced by solid cables• • There may be several cable sections along a route –may have own tanks
and split into different routes • Solution:• -Generate an area sensitivity map• -Route change colour as it crosses the sensitive area
– -Assessment can be refined from route to section level as better digitised data becomes available.
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Environmental Risk Assessment
• Water:-• Surface Water Courses• Groundwater
• Source Protection Zone 1• Source Protection Zone 2• Source Protection Zone 3
• Source: Environment Agency, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology & British Geological Survey
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Environmental Risk Assessment
• Historic:-• Scheduled
Monuments• Parks &
Gardens• Source: English
Heritage
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Environmental Risk Assessment
• Nature:-• Protected sites:• RAMSAR• SAC, SPA• SSSI• Local Nature Reserve• National Nature Reserve• AONB• National Park• Source: Living Nature
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Environmental Risk RankingVERY
HIGHHIGH MEDIUM LOW VERY
LOW
Ground
water
SPZ1 Within 100m
of a SPZ1 OR
Within SPZ
and over a
Major
Aquifer with
High or
Medium soil
leaching
Within SPZ2 or SPZ3
OR Over a Major
Aquifer or with
100m of a Major
Aquifer OR Within
250m of other
groundwater
abstractions
Over a
Minor
Aquifer
Non‐
aquifer
and not in
a SPZ
Surface
water Less than
50m Within 50‐
100mWithin 100‐
200m More than
250m
Ecological Less than
50m Within 50‐
100mWithin 100‐
200m More than
250m
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Overall Environment Risk Map
Purple –Very High Risk
Red –High Risk
Orange –Medium Risk
Yellow –Low & V Low
Risk
Black –indicative cable
routes
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Environmental Risk Assessment - Output
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Fluid Filled Cable Management
• How is the data being used ?– Circuits are being assessed against range of environment & condition
risk factors for investment prioritisation including:• –Fluid pumping history• –Pumping rate• –Repair history• –Environmental route risk• –Cable condition• –Number and type of connected customers• –Physical access constraints etc.• • Determining the decommissioning strategy• • As well as the reporting and response times for leaks
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Environmental Risk Route Framework
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Environmental Risk Route Framework
SPN - FFC probability/consequence
0.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.0060.0070.0080.0090.00
100.00
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00
Environmental sensitivity
Con
ditio
n/ac
cess
ibili
ty/F
luid
lo
ss
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Long Term Strategy
• Fluid filled cables require a life cycle approach to be taken
• •Need to be conscious of environmental, cost and security of supply issues• •Range of options to be considered:• •Nature of the problems or issues related to a cable• •Condition and lifecycle of cable• •Cost & environmental impact of replacement
• •Network rationalisation and upgrading can present additional replacement opportunities
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Summary
• FFCs present a range of significant environmental risks to be managed.
• There are a number of competing drivers that have to be balanced when maintaining and investing in the network
• •Investment decisions need to be made in the medium to long term plan.
• •Environmental risks form a key part of the management of cables in balance with other factors.
• •We wish to manage out the environmental risks with fluid filled cables, but this isn’t simply replacement.
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• Thank You
Any Questions