fiberglass pipe systems - dynaflow research group · pdf filefiberglass pipe systems. ......

Dynaflow Lectures - March 26th 2009

Fiberglass Pipe Systems

Agenda

• Standards, very different markets.

• Why should we choose for Glassfibre Reinforced.

materials for piping systems.

• Product Ranges and Methods of Construction.

• Jointing Methods.

• Prefabrication.

• Design.

Examples of very different marketsIndustrial pipingDrainage / Sewerage systems

GRP used in very different marketsIndustrial pipingDrainage / Sewerage systems

GRP used in very different markets

Low pressure.

Main focus:

“Need to withstand soil and traffic loads”

Stability in hoop direction, pipe stiffness.

Medium – High pressure.

Main focus:

“Need to pump from A to B and want to know under what (safety) conditions”

System integrity.

Industrial pipingDrainage / Sewerage systems

GRP used in very different markets“Need to withstand soil and

traffic loads”“Need to pump from A to B

and want to know under what (safety) conditions”

Example of standards:AWWA M45 / C950

EN 1796EN 14364

ISO TR 10465

Example of standards:ASME B31.3

UKOOAISO 14692

GRP – EN 1796“Need to withstand soil and

traffic loads”

EN 1796

Title: Plastics piping systems for water supply with or without pressure – Glass-reinforced thermosetting plastics (GRP) based on unsaturated polyester resin.

GRP – EN 1796“Need to withstand soil and

traffic loads”

GRP – EN 1796“Need to withstand soil and traffic

loads”

EN 1796, characteristics:

Pipe:Verification of long-term proper-ties (Stiffness, PN).

Joints:Verification of initial sealing.

Fittings:No verification on PN.

GRP – EN ISO 14692“Need to pump from A to B and

want to know under what (safety) conditions”

ISO 14692.

Title:Petroleum and natural gas industries – Glass-reinforced plastics (GRP) piping.

GRP – EN ISO 14692“pump from A to B and know

under what (safety) conditions”

GRP – EN ISO 14692“pump from A to B and know

under what (safety) conditions”

ISO 14692, characteristics:

Pipe:Verification of long-term proper-ties (PN, hoop & axial strength).

Joints & Fittings:Verification of long-term properties (as strong as pipe).

Pipe system:Assessment of integrity of pipe system based on known hoop and axial strength.

“pump from A to B and know under what (safety) conditions”

=

Know the strength of installed pipeline

GRP – EN ISO 14692

I. Strength of components :Qualification.

II. Strength of pipe system :System Design.

III. Installation of pipe system :Training & Qualification.

ISO 14692 - part 2

ISO 14692 - part 3

ISO 14692 - part 4


Site Quality PLan

Design Envelope


2:1 load condition

ASTM D 2992-96FPI AD, Wavistrong serie EST, ID 150 mm pipe PL/PL, 65°C, pressure, TUV

10,0

100,0

1000,0

1,00E+00 1,00E+01 1,00E+02 1,00E+03 1,00E+04 1,00E+05 1,00E+06

time (hrs)

pres

sure

(bar

g)

Mean LCL LPL Data

GRP – EN ISO 14692Design Envelope

2:1 load condition

Long-term envelope

Hoop stress

Axi

al s

tress

Long-term envelope

Hoop stress

Axi

al s

tress

f2

Design envelope

2:1 load condition


2:1 load condition

ASTM D 2992-96FPI AD, Wavistrong serie EST, ID 150 mm pipe PL/PL, 65°C, pressure, TUV

10,0

100,0

1000,0

1,00E+00 1,00E+01 1,00E+02 1,00E+03 1,00E+04 1,00E+05 1,00E+06

time (hrs)

pres

sure

(bar

g)

Mean LCL LPL Data

Design envelope

Long-term envelope

f2

Axi

al s

tress

Axi

al s

tress


Hoop stress

Axi

al s

tress

Axi

al s

tress

Hoop stress

Design envelope

Long-term envelope

f2

Axi

al s

tress

Axi

al s

tress


Increase wall thickness!

Internal Pressure +

BendingX

Axi

al s

tress

Axi

al s

tress


XInternal Pressure

+Bending

f2= 0.67

Axi

al s

tress

Hoop stress

Design envelope

Long-term envelope

f2

I. Strength of components :Qualification.

II. Strength of pipe system :System Design.

III. Installation of pipe system :Training & Qualification.

ISO 14692 - part 2

ISO 14692 - part 3

ISO 14692 - part 4



Site Quality PLan

Design Envelope

Site Quality Plan, describing:

• Installation instructions.

• Training + Qualification.

• Installation in accordance with system design (isometrics)

• QC.

GRP – EN ISO 14692Site Quality Plan

Conclusion“Need to withstand soil and



Example of standards:AWWA M45 / C950

EN 1796EN 14364

ISO TR 10465

Example of standards:ASME 31.3

UKOOAISO 14692

Conclusion“Need to withstand soil and



Assessment of hoop stability

(Soil & Traffic Loads)

AWWA M45

Assessment ofintegrity of pipe system.

ISO 14692

Revision of ISO 14692

Application of Glass Fibre Reinforced Pipes

Why?

Why not?• What do I buy?..... FRP, RTRP, GRE• Glass, brittle at low temps.• Standards?• Dimensions• Material Properties• Calculations• Joints, Glue??• Degeneration of properties in time

Why so?• No corrosion

– No corrosion allowance– No cathodic protection

• Long live (50 years design)• Light weight• Smooth walls, low friction• Mechanical properties,

– Flexible,– Safe failure behaviour

• Safe joints– Adhesive bonded– Mechanical, RSLJ, Key Lock.Tee-kay

• Standards, ISO 14692

Wavistrong

MaterialEpoxy

Size Range 25 to 1600mm

Pressure range Up to 70 Bar

Temperature -60°C to +110°C

Red BoxYellow Box

Material Epoxy

Size Range 2” to 16”

Pressure range Up to 3,500 psi

Temperature -65°C to +100°C

Fiberstrong

Material Polyester



Temperature +65°C

Fiberstrong

Material Vinylester



Temperature +85°C

Product Ranges

Materials & Methods of Construction

Considerations

• Properties of the fibre

• Properties of the resin

• Ratio of fibre to resin

• Geometry of fibres

Fibre

Resin

FRP Composite

Strain

Tens

ile S

tress

Materials of Construction

Glass Fibres

• C Glass / C Veil: Chemically resistant glass• E Glass: Structurally strong

Continuous roving for pipe construction

Rolled matting for field lamination

Materials of ConstructionFibre orientation & fibre volume fraction

Chopped Strand

Woven Mat

Filament Wound

Materials of ConstructionResin Systems

Considerations• Good mechanical properties

properties• Good chemical properties

(liner)• Good resistance to

environmental degradation

Plastic Deformation

Ela

stic

Def

orm

atio

n

Failure

Strain to failureStrain (%)Te

nsile

Str

ess

Ult TensileStrength

Materials of ConstructionTypes of Resins

Other resins:Phenolics, Cynate Esters, Silicones, Polurethanes, Bismaleimides, Polymides

Polyester- A – B – A – B – A – B – A -

- A – B – A – B – A – B – A -SS S

Vinylester- A – B – A – A – A – A - B – A -

- A – B – A – A – A – A - B – A -S S

CatalystStyreneEster groups

EpoxyEpoxy Molecule

Amine Molecule

HardenerNo styreneNo ester groups

Continuous wound - sizes 300 to 4000 mm diam.

Continuous Wound - FIBERSTRONG

Infrared curing

Pure SilicaSandChopped

glass fibres Glass fibres

Chopped Strand

FIBERSTRONG - GRP / GRV Wall Structure

E Underground applications

Exterior surface

Structural wall (2)

Pipe core

Structural wall (1)

Liner back-upInner liner

FIBERSTRONG - Test Procedure

If you make a very big pipe ??

FIBERSTRONG - Scope of Supply

• Pressure classes • Stiffness classes• Size range• Temperature range• Installation type• Design type

: PN 1, 3, 6, 10, 12, 16, 20: SN 2500, 5000, 10000: 350 mm to 4000 mm: -40 °C – 85 °C: Above ground / Underground: Restrained / Unrestrained

FIBERSTRONG – Jointing types

Laminated Joint 25mm to 4000mm

Double Bell Coupler 50mm to 4000mm

FIBERSTRONG

Applications

• River & seawater intakes & outfalls

• Gravity sewer lines • Jacking & microtunneling• WWT plant underground piping • Irrigation main lines

Helical Wound - WAVISTRONG

Helical Wound diameters 25 – 1600 mm

Filament Wound

WAVISTRONG Production Process

WAVISTRONGGRE Wall Structure

0.3 mm epoxy coating .........0.3 mm epoxy coating .........EE--glass wall ....................glass wall ....................……

0.5 mm Resin Liner .......0.5 mm Resin Liner .......

100%100%30%30%70%70%

ResinResin

0%0%70%70%30%30%

E(CR)E(CR)--glassglassCC--glassglass

GlassGlass

54 ¾°

Test Pressure = 1.5 x designSafety Factor = 2 x designWeep Pressure = 4 x design

Standard Jointing Methods

LB/LS (rubber seal joint) / FB/LS (rubber seal lock joint)50mm to 1400mm

CB/CS (taper/straight) / TB/TS (taper/taper)25mm to 600mm

Laminated Joint - 25mm to 4000mm

Flange Joints to DIN & ANSI - 25mm to 4000mm

Standard Jointing Methods

WAVISTRONG - Scope of Supply

• Pressure classes• Size range• Temperature range• Installation type• Design type

: PN 8, 10, 12.5, 16, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50: 25mm to 1600mm: From -40 °C to 110 °C: Above ground / Underground: Restrained / Unrestrained

WAVISTRONG - Applications

• Crude oil• Cooling water• Fire fighting• CO2 lines• Water injection lines• Well head tubing• Potable water• Sewer lines

WAVISTRONG Fittings

Laminated elbow

Prefabrication (Spools)

Utilisation of Prefabricated Spools

Effluent lines – BP U.K.

Utilisation of Prefabricated Spools

Cooling water ID 800 mm – Degussa Antwerp

Design of pipe systems: Testing

Design of pipe systems

Test Pressure : 1.5 x designSafety Factor : 2 x designWeep Pressure : 4 x design

• Failure of pipe wall needs time

• Long term testing

• ASTM 2992 – B

• Regression curve

Long term testing acc. ASTM 2992-B

System design

• E-modulus– Support spans– Expansion forces F = E x A x α x ∆T– 10 times less than steel

• Poisson Ratio– Expansion by pressure

• Expansion coeficient

• Allowable stresses (Design Envelope)– Isotrope (steel) vs anisotrope (GRE) σ = P x D / 2t

– Safety factors (ASME B31.3, UKOOA, ISO 14692)

fiberglass pipe systems - dynaflow research group · pdf filefiberglass pipe systems. ......

Documents