fibre chapter 33 fibres and fabrics - egs.ie · fibres and fabrics activity packs 1 chapter 33...
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Chapter 33Fibres and Fabrics
1 Chapter 33 Fibres and FabricsActivity Packs
Activity 1
Wool
Use the words in the word bank below to fill in the blanks in this paragraph about wool.
Fibres
and
Fabrics
absorbent, burn, carded, fleece, goat, knitting, natural, properties, rabbit,resilient, sheared, shrink, spun, tumble, tweed, washed, worsted
Wool is a __________________ fibre. While sheep are our main source of wool, the coats of
other animals, for example __________________, camels and __________________, are also
used. In the springtime, sheep are __________________. The __________________ is then
graded, __________________ and dried. Wool is then brushed or __________________ to
remove dirt and to straighten the fibres. Fibres are then __________________ into yarn. Long
fibres are usually made into __________________ fabric, while shorter fibres are used to make
yarn for __________________. Wool has many good __________________. It is warm,
__________________ and it does not __________________ easily. Wool carpets are hard
wearing and __________________. Unfortunately, wool does __________________ easily if
carelessly washed or __________________ dried. __________________ is a type of wool fabric
traditional in Ireland (especially Donegal).
2 Chapter 33 Fibres and FabricsActivity Packs
Activity 2Silk
1. Using the diagram below as a guide, describe how silk is produced.
2. List four desirable and four undesirable properties of silk fabric.
Desirable
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Undesirable
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
3 Chapter 33 Fibres and FabricsActivity Packs
Activity 3
Cotton
Use the words in the word bank below to fill in the blanks in this paragraph about cotton.
absorbent, bleached, bolls, cleaned, combed, crease,mildew, natural, shrinks, washes
Cotton is a _____________ fibre of plant origin. Cotton ________ are picked, ____________ and
graded before being ______________ and spun into yarn. Cotton is very useful fabric in that it is
_______________, cool and strong. It is easy to care for in that it ________________ and dries
well. It can be easily dyed and __________________. However, cotton does _______________
easily. It also ________________ and burns easily and can be damaged by
__________________.
Activity 4Linen
1. Using the diagram below as a guide, describe how linen is produced.
4 Chapter 33 Fibres and FabricsActivity Packs
2. List four desirable and four undesirable properties of linen fabric.
Desirable
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Undesirable
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
Activity 5
In the box below are listed three types of wool, silk and linen fabric and four types of cotton. Writethe type of fabric under the natural fibre it comes from.
cambric, chiffon, crepe, damask, denim, flannelette, gabardine,lawn, muslin, satin, taffeta, towelling, tweed
Silk
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Linen
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Wool
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Cotton
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
5 Chapter 33 Fibres and FabricsActivity Packs
Activity 6
What information does each of these symbols convey to the consumer?
Activity 7
Complete the flow diagram below to show how man-made fibres are classified.
Man-madefibres
Synthetic
Acetate Acryli c
6 Chapter 33 Fibres and FabricsActivity Packs
Activity 8
Regenerated fabrics
1. Using the diagram below as a guide, describe how regenerated fabrics are produced.
2. Give one advantage and one disadvantage of regenerated fabrics.
Advantage:
Disadvantage:
7 Chapter 33 Fibres and FabricsActivity Packs
Activity 9
Synthetic fabrics
1. Use the words in the word bank below to fill in the blanks in this paragraph about syntheticfibres and fabrics.
acrylic, air, chopped, coal, continuous, jumpers, nylon, smooth, spinneret
Synthetic fabrics such as ___________________, polyester, _________________ and elastane
are made from substances such as oil and _________________ to which other chemicals,
_______________ and water are added. The mixture is then forced through a
__________________ to form long ________________ filaments or tubes. Filaments can either
be left as they are or _________________ up into smaller filaments. Long filaments are used to
make ______________, silky fabrics, whereas short filaments are used to make soft ‘woolly’ yarn
for ______________, etc.
2. List two desirable and two undesirable properties of synthetic fabric.
Desirable
(i)
(ii)
Undesirable
(i)
(ii)
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1 4
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1 9
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2 5
2 6
2 4
1 5
2 0
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1 8
2 3
1 1
1 2
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Activity 10Revision crossword
ACROSS3 Mould that attacks cotton and linen (6)4 Soaks water (9)5 Type of wool fabric for school coats (9)6 Fibres made from coal and oil (9)8 Brushed woollen fleece (6)
12 A light, see-through silk (7) 14 An undesirable property of linen (7)16 Not man-made (7)20 Burns easily (9)21 Sheep’s coat (6)22 Bounces back (9)23 To make smaller (6)25 Picked to make cotton fabric (6, 5) 26 Opposite to natural (3, 4)
DOWN1 Sheep are ___________ to remove their
fleece (7)2 A smooth type of silk (5)7 Shell spun by silkworms (6)9 Falls well (6)
10 A heavy linen used for tablecloths (6)11 Produces silk (4, 4)13 Long wool fibres (7)15 Wool mix (4, 5)17 Fibres made from wood pulp or waste
cotton (11)18 Process of rotting flax stems (7)19 An absorbent cotton found in bathroom
textiles (9)24 What linen is made from (4)
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List the three ways that fibres and yarns can be made into fabrics.
1.
2.
3.
Activity 11
Activity 12
Examine the clothes you have on today and look at the labels. What fabrics are they madefrom?
Item of clothing Fabric Item of clothing Fabric
10 Chapter 33 Fibres and FabricsActivity Packs
Item Three important properties Two suitable fabrics
School jumper 1. 1.
2. 2.
3.
Graduation dress 1. 1.
2. 2.
3.
T-shirt 1. 1.
2. 2.
3.
Carpet 1. 1.
2. 2.
3.
Curtains 1. 1.
2. 2.
3.
Activity 13
1. Which three of the properties listed below are most important for each of the items shownin the table?
2. Name two fabrics that have the properties you have mentioned.
absorbent, cool, crease-resistant, does not burn easily, drapes well, easy tobleach, easy to dye, hard-wearing, light, resilient, shiny, smooth, stretchy,
washes and dries well
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Activity 14
Fabric finishes three-way mix and match
Look at the 13 fabric finishes below. Match each with its function and use.
Finish Function Use
1. Waterproofing A. Stops shrinking A. Skirts, trousers
2. Stretch (Lycra) B. Stops clothes clinging B. Wool, silk
3. Anti-static C. Stops water soaking
throughC. Skirts, trousers
4. Stain-repellent D. Reduces need to iron D. Synthetic underwear
5. Non-shrink E. Pleats don’t fall outE. Anoraks, waterproof
wear
6. Polishing F. Makes fabric showerproof F. Clothes, carpet
7. StiffeningG. Stops stains soaking into
fabricG. Cuffs, collars
8. Crease-resistantH. Fabric won’t catch on fire
easilyH. Children’s nightwear
9. BrushingI. Woven into fabric to give
stretchI. Swimwear
10. Moth-proofingJ. Makes fabric feel warmer
and softerJ. Sheets (flannelette)
11. Permanent pleatingK. Stops moths attacking
fabricK. Clothing, furnishing
fabrics
12. Flame-resistantL. Makes fabric smooth and
strongL. Sheets, curtains
13. Water-repellent M. Gives a sharp, crisp finishM. Showerproof jackets,
etc.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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Activity 15
Fabric identification tests
Fibres and fabrics can be identified by burning small samples and observing how they burn,odour (smell) and residue (what’s left after burning).
• Equipment: Metal tongs, metal tray, taper, matches. Also: Samples of fibres and fabrics.
• Procedure: Hold the fabric or fibre sample with the tweezers or tongs over the metal tray.Slowly light the sample with the burning taper. Observe and record your results.
(See your textbook for test results for common fibres and fabrics.)
Samplenumber
How it burned Odour ResidueResult
(what fabric doyou think it is?
Sample 1
Sample 2
Sample 3
5
1 3
1 0
1 6
1 4
2 1
1 8
7
1 5
2 2
2 0
1 9
1 7
9
1 1
4
1 2
8
6
21 3
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Now test yourself at www.eTest.ie
Activity 16Revision crossword
ACROSS1 Regenerated fibre (5)8 Often mixed with cotton (9)
12 Synthetic fibre (5)13 Trade name for stain-resistant fabric
(6, 5)16 Static causes clothes to do this (5)17 A finish that prevents cling (4, 6) 18 What fibres are twisted into (4)20 Lycra (8)21 A regenerated fabric (7) 22 Process of sticking short fibres together
to make fabric (7)
DOWN2 A synthetic fibre used for jumpers (7)3 Some synthetic fibres are made from
this (3)4 Type of printing (6)5 Long, smooth fibre filaments (10)6 Thread running up and down the loom
(4)7 Type of test used to identify fibres (7)9 Liquid is forced through this in man-
made fibre production (9)10 Finish that makes fabric warmer and
softer (8)11 Makes fabric and thread smooth and
strong (9)14 Colour will not run (10)15 Fibres made from wood pulp (11)19 Threads running along the width of
fabric (4)
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