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Narrative Writing Writing a Short Story Fictional Narrative

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NARRATIVE WRITING

Narrative WritingWriting a Short Story

Fictional Narrative

What is a Narrative?is a story with characters, who follow a defined plot,has events in a chronological order,is told / narrated from a point of view (POV),uses dialog to reveal the characters and advance the plot,and normally has a beginning, a middle, and an ending.

What is Point of View (POV)?First, why do we need to understand Point of View?

Understanding the point of view of a story helps us to pay attention to how it is written.When we know the point of view, we can learn more about the characters and the plot.

fictionnon-fictionTypes of NarrativeThere are two types of narrative:NovelNovellaShort StoryBiographyAuto-biographyEssay

Folk taleStoryDocumentary> 100 pages25 - 100 pages< 25 pagesPersonal Essay

Fictional Narrative DiagramSettingCharacters

ExpositionRising ActionClimaxFalling ActionResolutionConflictBeginningMiddleEndingEvent 2TwistEvent 3Event Event 1

Plot

InternalExternal(Basic Situation)

Frogged

FroggedBOOM! BANG! THUD! The crash pounded like thunder. Frightened kids and teachers flooded the hallways of the school and raced to the cafeteria. What in heaven is going on? demanded Mr. Frank, the principal.Yuck! Gross! Frog Germs! the lunch helpers screamed.Every Friday afternoon, the Acme Biology Lab truck delivered an important cargo. It was loaded with visiting pets snakes, rabbits, birds and frogs anxious for classroom visits.But on that afternoon a huge, orange bumblebee flew into the trucks open window. The frightened driver, trying to swat the buzzing insect away from his face, swerved off the road.He crashed smack into the cafeteria walls of Estuary School. Inside the truck, a slippery frog tank tipped over and hundreds of the frightened critters hopped right into the school cafeteria!

Setting+Characters=Exposition

Event 2Rising ActionEvent 3Rising ActionEvent 1

Fictional NarrativeJacqueline Marie Quinn was an ordinary fourth-grader. Jackies curly, red hair was tied in a ponytail and a faded blue baseball cap sat on her headbackwards!Jackie loved science class best. She loved cleaning the animal cages and feeding the fish. After school, she climbed trees, dug for bugs, or snorkeled with her mother in the warm waters of Half Moon Bay. After all, Jackie wanted to be a biologist when she grew up.Jackie was at her locker when it happened. Thunder? Thats strange, she thought. Its not even cloudy! Dropping her backpack to the floor, Jackie ran toward the cafeteria like a tornado swirling through the prairie. She couldnt believe her eyes. Everywhere she looked there were slimy green frogs, as round and fat as tennis balls. They hopped under the tables, against the windows, along the floor, and onto the lunch tables. Everyone was screaming.

Direct Characteriontold by the NarratorThird Person

Event 4Rising ActionNotice the use of DialogNotice the Description and Imagery

Fictional NarrativeAs Jackie made her way through the confusion, a frog jumped on her shoulder, grabbed her ear and started croaking. Help us! the desperate frog squeaked. Jackies heart melted. She tried to remain cool and calm but her lips trembled in a weak smile. Jackie urged the frog into her hands. The squishy lump didnt even try to get away. Instead, the frog sat quivering. Ill think of some way out of this mess, she promised.Yes! Jackie exclaimed. I have a great idea! Im sure Ive left my snorkeling gear in my backpack.

Event 5Rising ActionWhat do you think will happen next?

Trying to Resolve the ConflictNotice the ConflictExternal

Fictional NarrativeJackie ran back to her locker and the backpack she had flung to the floor. To her surprise, she found her backpack missing. I left it right here! she shrugged. There was no one in sight.For a while, she was perplexed and confused. What should I do now? she wondered in despair. She leaned heavily on the locker as if the whole world has tumbled down around her.It took her moments until she regained her composure. She dashed to the telephone booth at the end of the corridor and quickly called her mother.Oh my God! There is nobody answering! She slammed the phone down and raced back to the cafeteria.A hand grabbed her shoulder from behind.

A series of quick-paced eventsleading tothe ClimaxUnexpected EventsTwistWhen the plot diverts from its expected path, it is called a Twist.Notice the ConflictInternal

Fictional NarrativeJackie jumped in horror her mind racing for answers.Are you looking for this? a deep calm voice asked, handing her the missing backpack. It was Mr. Frank, the principal.She grabbed her gear and pulled the outfit over her clothes. The green and shiny rubber wet suit covered her long legs and short arms. Her blue eyes bulged through the clear plastic of her mask as she hopped to the cafeteria on her long webbed flippers. Perfect! I look just like a frog. And then disguising her voice, Ribbeeet, ribbeet, she tried to calm the frogs.It worked! The frogs were still croaking, but they didnt seem scared anymore.Hundreds of green frogs hopped behind Jackie as she paraded out of the cafeteria. At last, all were safe in the nearby pond where they belonged. Theres no place like home, the frogs croaked.

the Climax

the Resolution

Falling Action

Fictional Narrative

When I was at school, I used to sit at the back of the class. I sat there so I could do stuff. I got away with lots of stuff by sitting at the back of the class where the teacher couldnt see me properly. I liked to make people laugh when I felt like it. A lot of people did laugh.The back desk at school was the best. Why? Because thats where I could sit and plan my plots of mischief. It was so cool. I remember sitting behind Wayne, this huge kid with a really big head and broad shoulders. He was the best shield a guy like me could have wished for. There was no way the teacher could see past him to me. Perfect. I used to lob water balloons and itchy-itchy balls into the laps of the boys from my desk and they would think it was Wayne! It was a scream to see Wayne look up from his books and just say, What? What did I do? One day, I.Now compare it to

Narrative Componentstime, place, mood, and atmospheremajor characters, minor characters, and character development (found only in Novels and Novellas)central conflict; plot motivation; setbacksin chronological orderbeginning, transitions (middle), and endingfist person, third person; omniscient, limited, objectivegives life to characters and reveals their traitsa moral message conveyed by the authorremembering incidences or eventsSetting:Characters: .Plot:Events:Structure:Point of View:Dialog:Theme:Flashback:

Narrative WritingCreate your characters and develop their characteristics and physical traits. Is there a villain/hero and what is he like? How does the villain/hero impact the story?Create the problem or conflict. What minor problems will build tension leading to the climax? How will the main character react when faced with the main problem/conflict?Create the setting. Where and when does the story take place? How does the setting impact the story?What crisis will occur at the last minute which will grab the reader and give the main character a last chance to solve the problem? Plan for a nail biting moment.How will the main character resolve the problem? What positive attribute like courage, creativity, or intelligence does he possess which will help him to succeed?Finish with style. What lesson does the main character learn? How will the reader connect and learn from the moral?

Narrative WritingWriting a Personal Narrative

Conquering Your FearsEveryone, well almost everyone, Ive ever known has thought of their years in elementary school as their favorites. I, on the other hand, do not feel so fondly about elementary school, especially third grade. That was a year I will never forget.I was only eight, but I remember it like yesterday. I was sitting in the doctors office when they gave my parents and me the shocking news. Im sorry to tell you this, but your daughters condition is getting worse. The only way to fix it is by surgery.Those words ripped into me like a serrated knife into a crisp, cold apple. It was a horrible sinking feeling that seemed to possess my whole bodya feeling so terrifying that even the bravest person alive could not possibly endure it.I knew I had been sick, and I knew it had been serious, but never, even in my nightmares, did I think of surgery. You see, I was born with a condition that affects your kidneys; it is called bilateral reflux. The only way I would live was to have reconstructive surgery.

IntroductionandAttention Grabber

DetailsSet the SceneDetailsFeelings

Background InformationEveryone, well almost everyone, Ive ever known has thought of their years in elementary school as their favorites. I, on the other hand, do not feel so fondly about elementary school, especially third grade. That was a year I will never forget.I was only eight, but I remember it like yesterday. I was sitting in the doctors office when they gave my parents and me the shocking news. Im sorry to tell you this, but your daughters condition is getting worse. The only way to fix it is by surgery.Those words ripped into me like a serrated knife into a crisp, cold apple. It was a horrible sinking feeling that seemed to possess my whole bodya feeling so terrifying that even the bravest person alive could not possibly endure it.I knew I had been sick, and I knew it had been serious, but never, even in my nightmares, did I think of surgery. You see, I was born with a condition that affects your kidneys; it is called bilateral reflux. The only way I would live was to have reconstructive surgery.FlashbackBeginning

Personal NarrativeThe next thing I remember, it was seven oclock in the morning and I was at the hospital. I met with the doctors; rather, the doctors met with me. Everyone tried to comfort me, but nothing helped. As far as I was concernedand I was concerned!Id be a nervous wreck for the rest of my life; that was, if I had a rest of my life.It was now time for surgery. They sent a surgical nurse down to my room with a gurney. Being the scared little girl that I was, I thought the moment I got up on it, they would hurt me. So I decided that my teddy bear, Rainbow, and I would follow along behind it, very defiantly, with my parents. When the doctors saw me walk in, they started to laugh, and I realized that everyone else who had seen me probably had laughed too. What was comic relief to them was no comedy at all to me. So I simply put my nose into the air and kept walking.

Event 1DetailsThoughtsEvent 2DetailsThoughts and FeelingsThe next thing I remember, it was seven oclock in the morning and I was at the hospital. I met with the doctors; rather, the doctors met with me. Everyone tried to comfort me, but nothing helped. As far as I was concernedand I was concerned!Id be a nervous wreck for the rest of my life; that was, if I had a rest of my life.It was now time for surgery. They sent a surgical nurse down to my room with a gurney. Being the scared little girl that I was, I thought the moment I got up on it, they would hurt me. So I decided that my teddy bear, Rainbow, and I would follow along behind it, very defiantly, with my parents. When the doctors saw me walk in, they started to laugh, and I realized that everyone else who had seen me probably had laughed too. What was comic relief to them was no comedy at all to me. So I simply put my nose into the air and kept walking.

Personal NarrativeThe nurse prepped me and had me lie down on the operating table. The doctor asked me what flavor of anesthesia I wanted; I thought for a while and answered, Strawberry. He then asked me to count backward from one hundred as he lifted the mask over my face. I woke up a few hours later, feeling woozy and very sore. I saw my parents and drifted back to sleep.I remained at the hospital for one more week. It was not the best time I ever had, but it wasnt the worst either. The highlight of my recovery was a special visit from two of my favorite cartoon characters. That was wonderful.My experience has taught me a lot. I discovered that, in order to reach the top, you must learn to climb and, in order to conquer your fears, you must face them first. In a way I am thankful for my surgery, because I conquered a lot of my fears.Im not telling you to go out and have surgery, but if you do, its probably not going to be as bad as you expect it to be.

Event 3Minor EventEvent 4Minor Event

ConclusionSignificance of ExperienceandAdviceThe nurse prepped me and had me lie down on the operating table. The doctor asked me what flavor of anesthesia I wanted; I thought for a while and answered, Strawberry. He then asked me to count backward from one hundred as he lifted the mask over my face. I woke up a few hours later, feeling woozy and very sore. I saw my parents and drifted back to sleep.I remained at the hospital for one more week. It was not the best time I ever had, but it wasnt the worst either. The highlight of my recovery was a special visit from two of my favorite cartoon characters. That was wonderful.My experience has taught me a lot. I discovered that, in order to reach the top, you must learn to climb and, in order to conquer your fears, you must face them first. In a way I am thankful for my surgery, because I conquered a lot of my fears.Im not telling you to go out and have surgery, but if you do, its probably not going to be as bad as you expect it to be.Minor Events that Add Up to the ExperienceEnding

Thank You

POV

Point of View

POVUnderstanding Point of ViewIt is all about the narrator.In a narrative, the point of view refers to who is telling the story.The point of view is mainly determined by the narration, with some help from the dialog.First PersonThird PersonTypes of POV:There may be a Second Person POV; it only exists, however, when the narrator addresses the reader to involve him/her in the story.

Its all about me!

POV 1The First Person POVWhen a story is told in first-person point of view,the narrator is a participant in the story,the narrator is telling a story about himself/herself,and the narrator uses mainly the pronouns: I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours, etc.

POV 1The First Person POVLook, I didnt want to be a half blood.If youre reading this because you think you might be one, my advice is: close this book right now. Believe whatever lie your mom or dad told you about your birth, and try to lead a normal life. My name is Percy Jackson. Im 12 years old. Until a few months ago, I was a boarding student at Yancy Academy, a private school for troubled kids in upstate New York. Am I a troubled kid?Yeah. You could say that.

Look, I didnt want to be a half blood.If youre reading this because you think you might be one, my advice is: close this book right now. Believe whatever lie your mom or dad told you about your birth, and try to lead a normal life. My name is Percy Jackson. Im 12 years old. Until a few months ago, I was a boarding student at Yancy Academy, a private school for troubled kids in upstate New York. Am I a troubled kid?Yeah. You could say that.

POV 2The Second Person POVWhen a story is told in second-person point of view,the narrator is a participant in the story,the narrator is addressing the reader to involve him/her,and the narrator uses mainly the pronouns: I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours, you, your, yours, etc.

However, the second person POV does not stand alone; but is usually part of the first person POV.

POV 2The Second Person POVLook, I didnt want to be a half blood.If youre reading this because you think you might be one, my advice is: close this book right now. Believe whatever lie your mom or dad told you about your birth, and try to lead a normal life. My name is Percy Jackson. Im 12 years old. Until a few months ago, I was a boarding student at Yancy Academy, a private school for troubled kids in upstate New York. Am I a troubled kid?Yeah. You could say that.

Look, I didnt want to be a half blood.If youre reading this because you think you might be one, my advice is: close this book right now. Believe whatever lie your mom or dad told you about your birth, and try to lead a normal life. My name is Percy Jackson. Im 12 years old. Until a few months ago, I was a boarding student at Yancy Academy, a private school for troubled kids in upstate New York. Am I a troubled kid?Yeah. You could say that.

POV 3The Third Person POVWhen a story is told in third-person point of view,the narrator is not a participant in the story,the narrator is telling a story about other people,and the narrator uses only the pronouns: it, he, him, his, she, her, they, them, their, theirs, etc.

POV 3The Third Person POV'Harry had taken up his place at wizard school, where he and his scar were famous but now the school year was over, and he was back with the Dursleys for the summer, back to being treated like a dog that had rolled in something smelly. The Dursleys hadn't even remembered that today happened to be Harry's twelfth birthday. Of course, his hopes hadn't been high .'

'Harry had taken up his place at wizard school, where he and his scar were famous but now the school year was over, and he was back with the Dursleys for the summer, back to being treated like a dog that had rolled in something smelly. The Dursleys hadn't even remembered that today happened to be Harry's twelfth birthday. Of course, his hopes hadn't been high .'

POVUnderstanding Point of View

But wait! Theres more!

3rd Person3rd Person1st & 3rd PersonThey know everything about the characters and events in the story; they know the character's thoughts, feelings, and motives.They never need to say maybe or perhaps a character feels something. They always know.They know only what is experienced, thought, or felt by a single character, or at most a limited number of characters.They do not seem to be certain of what every character is feeling.They know only what can be seen or heard. They cannot know anyones thoughts or feelings.We are all objective observers. We only know what we see or hear. We cannot know the thoughts or feelings; we can only guess.OmniscientLimitedObjectiveUnlike the first person, the third person is subdivided into 3 types:POVUnderstanding Point of ViewWhich person of the 3 types can be described as the following?

Third PersonSecond PersonFirst PersonLilly shivered and sobbed while sitting alone under the tree. Janet felt a pang of pity for her, and though she worried what the others might say, she walked to Lilly, sat beside her, and put her arms around Lilly.OmniscientLimitedObjectiveUnlike the first person, the third person is subdivided into 3 types:POVUnderstanding Point of ViewGuess the narrator.Third PersonLimited

Third PersonSecond PersonFirst PersonLilly shivered and sobbed while sitting alone under the tree. Janet gazed at her with a stare suggestive of pity, and her lips tightened as though she debated something of importance. Janet gave one timid glance back at the others, and then walked boldly over to Lilly and sat beside her and put her arms around Lilly.OmniscientLimitedObjectiveUnlike the first person, the third person is subdivided into 3 types:POVUnderstanding Point of ViewGuess the narrator.Third PersonObjective

Third PersonSecond PersonFirst PersonWhen in the world are you going to do anything, Rudolf?' asked my brother's wife one morning at breakfast.'My dear Rose,' I answered, 'why Should I do anything? My position is a comfortable one. I have enough money or nearly enough for my needs (no one ever has quite enough you know); I enjoy a good social position. I am brother to Lord Burlesdon and, through him, to that lovely lady, his wife. Surely it is enough!'OmniscientLimitedObjectiveUnlike the first person, the third person is subdivided into 3 types:POVUnderstanding Point of ViewGuess the narrator.First PersonObjective

Third PersonSecond PersonFirst PersonLilly shivered and tried unsuccessfully not to sob while sitting alone under the tree. She was more embarrassed and miserable than she had ever been. Janet felt a pang of pity for her, and though she worried what the others might say, she walked to Lilly, sat beside her, and put her arms around Lilly.OmniscientLimitedObjectiveUnlike the first person, the third person is subdivided into 3 types:POVUnderstanding Point of ViewGuess the narrator.Third PersonOmniscient

Third PersonSecond PersonFirst PersonLilly shivered and sobbed while sitting alone under the tree. Janet felt a pang of pity for her. Janet gave one timid look back to the others. They were playing keep-away with the small boys wallet. She could not tell if any of them were paying attention to her now. Regardless, she walked to Lilly and put her arms around Lilly.OmniscientLimitedObjectiveUnlike the first person, the third person is subdivided into 3 types:POVUnderstanding Point of ViewGuess the narrator.Third PersonLimited

Point of View by tfingerhttp://www.slideshare.net/tfinger/point-of-view-7901150?qid=6a187e21-bfbd-43f4-9fb9-3e08369e07cd&v=&b=&from_search=7Point of View by Emily Kissnerhttp://www.slideshare.net/elkissn/point-of-view-41236427?qid=6a187e21-bfbd-43f4-9fb9-3e08369e07cd&v=&b=&from_search=3

Unlike the first person, the third person is subdivided into 3 types:POVUnderstanding Point of ViewReferences:

Thank You