field development planning
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Field development planning
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Field development planning
FDP
enable the rapid evaluation of a large numberof development options
handle many interfaces between the differentelements of a field development effectively
improve confidence in and consistency of the
results enable rapid and rigorous evaluation of
sensitivities to a concept
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FDP activity
It comprises a number of linked activities drilling
substructures
subsea topsides
pipelines
onshore terminals onshore plants
onshore gathering systems
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Drilling
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Reverse engineering
Normal workflow
Know surface location
Know target location
Know reservoir trajectory requirement
Design well
FDP workflow
Possibly know target locations Possibly know reservoir trajectory requirement
THEN IT ALL CHANGES ANYWAY
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Well Profile Design
There are still an infinite number of waysto join a surface location with a downholetarget
Even if up is not an option
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Client requirement
Define a scope of work
Define well placement requirements
Reservoir exposure
Reservoir placement
Target penetration
All of the above with a stated accuracy
Survey programme at reasonable cost
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Client requirement
Design multi-well exit
Join the top to the bottom in the best way
What is the best way? Depends on production requirement
Linkage to WBS
Tools available
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Well Profile 2D
This works a profile in TVD and on asingle azimuth
Dimension 1 is TVD
Dimension 2 is reach
For example the following slide has someprofiles for a target displacement of 1000m
at a 1750m tvd
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Well Profile 2D
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1 400 1600 1800 2000 2 200
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2d-30deg2d-10deg 2d-60deg2d-45deg 2d-75deg2d-90deg
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Key points in a well design
1. Rig floor
2. Tie-in
3. Wellhead
4. MSL5. Seabed or groundlevel
6. WRP
7. All casing depths
8. KOP9. BUR
10. EOB
11.Grid azimuth
12.Lead angle
13. Tangent angle
14.Measured depth15. True vertical depth
16.Displacement
17. Closure
18. VSD19. Target location(s)
20. TD
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Special key points
1. 2nd KOP
2. 2nd BUR
3. EO 2ndB
4. DOP
5. DOR
6. EOD
7. TR
8. BR
There are some differentways of describing alocation
Geographic co-ordinates Grid co-ordinates
Rectangular co-ordinates
Polar co-ordinates
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Slant (departure > R)
Given: Wellhead coordinates Target coordinates Target TVD, V3
To determine: KOP vertical depth, V1 Build up rate, BUR
KOP Kick-off point. V1 TVD of straight section/surface
to KOP. V2 TVD of end of build up. V2 - V1 TVD of Build up section
with BUR corresponding to radiusof curvature R.
V3 - V2 TVD of Tangent section tototal depth.
D1 Displacement at end of buildup.
D2 Total horizontal displacementof target.
Maximum inclination of well.
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Slant (R > departure)
Given: Wellhead coordinates
Target coordinates Target TVD, V3
To determine: KOP vertical depth, V1
Build up rate, BUR KOP Kick-off point.
V1 TVD of straight section/surface toKOP.
V2 TVD of end of build up. V2 -V1 TVD of Build up section with
BUR corresponding to radius of curvature R.
V3 - V2 TVD of Tangent section tototal depth.
D1 Displacement at end of build up. D2 Total horizontal displacement of
target. Maximum inclination of well.
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S-shaped (R1 + R2) < total target displacement
Given: Wellhead coordinates Target coordinates Target TVD, V5
To determine: KOP vertical depth, V1
Build up rate, BUR
Drop off rate, DOR Vertical depth at end of drop, V4
KOP Kick-off point.
V1 TVD of straight section/surface to KOP. V2 TVD of end of build up. V3 TVD of start of drop.
V4 TVD of end of drop. V2 - V1 TVD of Build up section with BUR
corresponding to radius of curvature R1.
V3 - V2 TVD of Tangent section. V4 - V3 TVD of drop section D1 Displacement at end of build up.
D2 Displacement at end of tangent D3 Total horizontal displacement of target. Maximum inclination of well.
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S-shaped (R1 + R2) > total target displacement
Given: Wellhead coordinates Target coordinates Target TVD, V5
To determine: KOP vertical depth, V1
Build up rate, BUR
Drop off rate, DOR Vertical depth at end of drop, V4
KOP Kick-off point.
V1 VD of straight section/surface to KOP. V2 VD of end of build up. V3 VD of start of drop.
V4 VD of end of drop. V2 - V1 TVD of Build up section with BUR
corresponding to radius of curvature R1.
V3 -V2 TVD of Tangent section. V4 -V3 TVD of drop section. D1 Displacement at end of build up.
D2 Displacement at end of tangent. D3 Total horizontal displacement of target. Maximum inclination of well.
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Well Profile 3D
This works a profile out in full 3 dimensionalspace Dimension 1 is TVD
Dimension 2 is North Dimension 3 is East
Using minimum curvature to design wells bysection
Lead angles
Dogleg limitations by formation
Tangent section requirements
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Well Profile 3D
Azimuthal changes
Same dogleg severity
Lead angles needed
Increasing MDs
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Well Profile wavy
vs
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-400 -200 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400
vs disp
tvd
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Well Profile snake
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600
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90deg 3000m horizontal snake
1500 +1000
Target 1500
1500 +2000
1500 +3000
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S/Sn/W 3D view
Straight horizontal
No dogleg
Snaky horizontal Azimuth seeking
Wavy horizontal
Inclination seeking
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FDP
The unknown is the surface location
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Optimised Surface Location
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Techniques
Drilling radius
Extremities
Averages
RMS
Software
MEM considerations
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Drilling Radius - considerations
Rig specific Rig capabilities and
capacities
Pull
Rotate
Pump
Well profile derived KOP
DLS
TD tvd
Well trajectorycomplexity
Drilling Mechanics
Well purpose limited
Drillability
Completeabiltiy
Workover potential
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Radius use
Well Grid
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East
North
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Radius use
Well Grid
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North
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FDPJ wells max 60 inclination
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Maximum Hole angle considered@ 60
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Radius use
Well Grid
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North
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FDPJ wells max 75 inclination
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Maximum Hole angle considered@ 75
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FDPS wells max 60 inclination
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Maximum Hole angle considered@ 60S well
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Cost minimisation using drillingradius
If all targets fit within a single radius then thedrillsite location is going to be pretty close tooptimal.
When > 1 site is required then there is no attemptmade to minimise drilled distance and/or cost
Profiles for all wells inside the drilling diameterneed to be separately calculated
This method can handle J and S wells; providedthe radius is determined for both as each has its
drilling difficulties.
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Extremities
Well Target locations
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East (m)
North(m)
3000m North, 3400m East
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Averages
Well Target locations
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East (m)
North(m)
2787m North, 3503m East
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RMS
Well Target locations
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East (m)
North(m)
3309m North, 4009m East
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Software solution and shortcoming
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Optimised for cost
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Horizontal Designer wells
Horizontal Well Locations
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North
well 1
well 2
well 3
well 4
well 5well 6
well 7
well 8
well 9
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Horizontal and designer wells
Best process Single location
Size the longest well and match to Rig capability
If, which is more than likely, the longest well is
beyond the Rig, then we have to introduce asecond surface location
Same process repeats until we get all wells in a drillableorder
Here also we might consider a preferred direction of
wellbore to make the initial selection point or, look at the more realistic well profile and keep the
heel point at the shallowest TVDthis dictate the heel-toe order and thus the best surface location
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Single surface location - example
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Single surface location - example
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All wells aligned
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2 surface location solution
T k ll ll l 60
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To keep all well tangent angle 60or less
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Deliverables
Well profile only for input to:
Separate engineering applications
Integrated application to produce:
High level engineering statement of requirements
Times
Costs
Risks and probability of success
Outline drilling forecasting
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End of Module