contents field/hplc columns/pdf/capital_cat.pdfsteel-free columns i.e.. for protein analysis, we can...

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1Email: [email protected]

Con

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Contents

1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 2

2. Capital's Own Brand HPLC Columns and Cartridges

Optimal® ....................................................................................................................... 8Spherisil ...................................................................................................................... 12Inertpak ...................................................................................................................... 15

3. General HPLC Columns and Cartridges

Hypersil ...................................................................................................................... 18Inertsil ODS-3 and ODS-3V ...................................................................................... 21Lichrosorb / Lichrosphere .......................................................................................... 23Waters Spherisorb ..................................................................................................... 25Nucleosil ..................................................................................................................... 27Techsphere ................................................................................................................. 29Apex ............................................................................................................................ 31Partisil ........................................................................................................................ 32YMC ............................................................................................................................ 33Kromasil ..................................................................................................................... 35Rosil / C-Gel ............................................................................................................... 37Exsil ............................................................................................................................ 38Adsorbosphere ........................................................................................................... 40Chromegabond .......................................................................................................... 42Zorbax ........................................................................................................................ 44Synchropak ................................................................................................................ 45Narrow Bore Columns ............................................................................................... 46Preparative and Semi-Preparative Scale .................................................................. 48

4. Chiral HPLC Columns .................................................................................................. 49

5. LC Accessories ............................................................................................................. 63

6. Capital UCC Accessories ............................................................................................. 68

7. PEEK Fittings and Accessories .................................................................................. 71

8. Sample Preparation ...................................................................................................... 75

9. Fast Flow LC Columns (Prime) ................................................................................... 80

10. Miscellaneous Products and Accessories .............................................................. 81

11. Capillary Electrophoresis and CEC

CE Capillaries ............................................................................................................. 83Cyclodextrins .............................................................................................................. 96CE Buffer Solutions .................................................................................................... 98CE Software ............................................................................................................... 99CE Training Aids ...................................................................................................... 101CE Accessories ........................................................................................................ 104Electrochromatography / CEC ................................................................................. 107

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Introduction

Capital HPLC was founded in Edinburgh in 1984 by former academic research scientists from theworld renowned Wolfson Chromatography Unit at the University of Edinburgh. Shortly after itsconception the company became established as a quality supplier of packed HPLC columns andaccessories, with a reputation for quality and service which is second to none.

The company’s position in the market was strengthened further in the late eighties by its introductionof the world’s first fingertight ferruless cartridge system (UCC) which has been highly commended bychromatographers world-wide. This cartridge system which incorporates a unique colour coding schemehas been successful beyond all expectations.

Company Philosophy

Capital HPLC’s philosophy has always been one of both quality and choice. Quality is considered tobe of paramount importance, with each column going through a most stringent quality control procedurebefore dispatch. Capital HPLC also believe in the importance of providing their customers with thewidest possible range of packing materials (from Adsorbosphere through to Zorbax), all of which canbe supplied in cartridge and column formats from preparative down to narrow bore.

Research Activities

Capital HPLC has never abandoned its academic origins and strives to remain at the forefront ofdevelopments in separation science. The company therefore has a strong and dynamic researchgroup which is particularly active in capillary LC, electrochromatography and the development of newchiral stationary phases. Over the last five years the company has won several British governmentinnovation awards for their R & D efforts.

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HPLC ColumnsCapital HPLC offer one of the widest selection of HPLC columns currently available on the market. Weprovide high quality HPLC columns in conventional formats, the convenient Capital UCC cartridgeformat and Capital's new stylish format.

This new catalogue also includes a full range of chiral HPLC columns for enantiomeric separations.

CE and CEC Products and AccessoriesCapital HPLC, through our new division, Electrokinetic Technologies can offer a wide range of uniqueproducts for capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography. The products on offerinclude specially coated capillaries, packed columns for CEC, CE reagents including numerouscyclodextrins and many other accessories.

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LC and GC AccessoriesCapital HPLC now offer a comprehensive range of accessories for LC equipment such as injectionvalves, deuterium lamps etc.. We also have a new range of GC products.

Packing / Repacking ServiceWe also offer a column packing and repacking service. The column packing service involves thecustomer sending the bulk packing material for us to pack into a column of their choice. Indeed, thecolumn may also be supplied by the customer. Prices for this service will be given on application.

A repacking service is available to customers who send their old used columns to us. We will restorethe column to its original working capacity for a 15% discount (10% for cartridges) against our list price.

Capital on the Internet

Althougth this catalogue is fully up to date at the time of going to press, we are constantly updatingour products and introducing new products generated by our research efforts. An easy way to keepup with new developments is to consult our internet site, which is immediately updated whenevernew products are introduced.

It is possible to obtain the latest product information, check our current prices, directly contact by e-mail our technical support team and even place orders directly on line.

Our website is located at:

http://www.capital-hplc.co.uk

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Quality Assurance

Any column supplied by Capital HPLC must pass a rigorous quality control procedure. All columns areindividually packed and tested for plate number, back pressure and peak asymmetry in our ISO9002compliant laboratory, and only when these meet and exceed our target specifications can the columnbe released for shipment.

Column test data are evaluated by computerised workstations which determine peak widths and peakasymmetry to a high degree of precision. Each column is supplied with a test certificate, including a copyof the test chromatogram, and a sample test mixture, so that the user can check his or her installationprocedure.

Performance Calculations

The performance characteristics are calculated for every column to a high degree of precision using aregularly calibrated computer datastation with fast data acquisition. The critical measurements aremade in accordance with the method outlined below. Following computer analysis, if the column meetsthe required specifications, the test chromatogram must still pass visual examination from anexperienced operator before the column can be released for dispatch.

( )Nt

wer=

8 2

1 2

2

log/

NB. 8loge(2) is ~ 5.54.

The main criteria for the evaluation of column performance are the number of theoretical plates (N), thetest pressure drop (∆P) and the peak asymmetry measured at 10% of the peak height.

The number of theoretical plates can be calculated using the expression,

where tr and w1/2 are both in time units or both in units of distance.

The peak asymmetry (PS) (or simply peak symmetry) is calculated from,

PS = b / a

where a and b correspond to the intervals shown in the above diagram. For a perfectly symmetricalGaussian peak, the peak symmetry (PS) has a value of one, whereas for tailing peaks it will be greaterthan one.

Determination of Column Performancew1/2 Peak width at half height

tr Peak retention time

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Example Capital QC Certificate

The diagram below shows an example of the type of QC certificate supplied with every column packedby Capital HPLC. The actual chromatogram from the particular column being tested is displayed in full,together with complete details of the test protocol and the determined column performance data.

Column TestConditions Unique

Column id

Actual TestChromatogram

Full Data forEvery Peak

ISO9002Certification

Signature ofInspector

Test BackPressure

Archive No.For AddedTraceability

For some of our speciality materials, a separate QC certificate for the packing material itself is alsoincluded with each column.

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Conventional HPLC Columns

UCC Cartridge Format

Capital Column Formats

Conventional HPLC Columns

Unless specified otherwise, Capital HPLC supply high quality HPLC columns fitted with Parker femalegeometry fittings. Other types of end fitting are available or request. The standard internal diameterof the column is 4.6mm although other sizes can be supplied on request. The tubing itself consists of316 stainless steel and is internally polished to a high degree. For chromatographers seeking stainlesssteel-free columns i.e.. for protein analysis, we can provide titanium, or PEEK, HPLC columns. Pleasecontact our sales office for further information.

Introduced in 1987, the UCC system is a high quality cartridge system which has been painstakinglyoptimized for flexibility and ease of handling. Unlike many of the over complicated cartridge systemsavailable on the HPLC market our design has been kept simple so that we can offer a high quality productat a lower cost than a conventional column. The cartridge insert is simply a 1/4" stainless steel tubewith KEL-F plugs at either end. The complete system is also entirely fingertight and does not requirethe use of wrenches or spanners for routine maintenance or changing cartridges etc..

Unlike most systems, the cartridge holders and inserts are compatible with standard 'off-the-shelf' HPLCend-fittings and therefore do not require complex and expensive end assemblies. There is also a rangeof easy to use accessories to enhance the basic UCC system. These include a simple guard columnadapter and a convenient column coupler.

The basic cartridge holder is not only compatible with 4.6mm i.d. columns, but also with narrow borecolumns of 3.2 and 2.1mm internal diameter. Larger sized holders are also available for preparative andsemi preparative cartridges.

Capital HPLC Universal Cartridge Columns (UCC)

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New Precision Format

Capital HPLC's new speciality materials, Optimal and Inertpak are supplied in our stylish New Precisioncolumn format which combines high performance with ease of use. New Precision columns aremachined to a very high degree of tolerance and are available in all analytical dimensions.

New Precision 1mm i.d. narrow bore columns deliver the same performance in terms of plate numberand peak symmetry as our standard 4.6mm columns. However the chromatographer can enjoy all thebenefits of narrow bore (1mm i.d.) columns in a robust and easy to use column format. The majorityof 1mm bore column manufacturers supply 1mm columns in an 1/8" o.d. column format which leadsto a rather fragile product which is easily bent and destroyed. However, New Precision 1mm i.d. columnshave an external diameter of 1/4" (6.35mm) which means that they are robust enough to be handledjust like conventional sized analytical columns.

New Precision Columns

Guard Columns

Capital HPLC guard columns (2cm in length)can be used with any of the above columnformats. NB. For conventional and NewPrecision type columns a guard column holder(together with end fittings) is required (Cat.No. HT7151 page 69). For our UCC cartridgecolumn system, it is necessary to use a guardcolumn adapter (Cat. No. HT7152 page 69).

Guard columns are available individually oralternatively in economy packs of three.

In addition to our standard 2cm guard columns,a 1cm PEEK guard column and holder is alsoavailable packed with the material required.

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Capital Optimal ®

The Next Step Forward in Silica Engineering

The new range of Optimal® HPLC columnsfrom Capital HPLC respresents the next stepforward in porous silica engineering beyondthe so-called new generation high puritymaterials.

The current new generation materials arebased on an alternative synthesis route whichyields a high purity product with excellentinertness characteristics. However, Optimal®

is manufactured using an entirely newprocess based on well established, tried andtested silica production techniques coupledwith new refining technologies whichultimately leads to a superior materialcombining the advantages of both the newand traditional approaches to sil icamanufacturing.

Specifications

The fact that high purity Optimal is manufactured using well established silica engineering techniquesmeans that a wide range of specifications are possible. As a result, we can supply Optimal in poresizes ranging from 60Å to 1000Å with the most popular being 120Å. Moreover, Optimal is alsoavailable in particle sizes ranging from 3µm up to preparative grade sizes.

Optimal ® Particle Size DistributionOptimal ® Particles

Optimal® ODS-H 120Å

Optimal ® ODS-H

Optimal® ODS-H is the most generally applicable of the Optimal® phases and can be used for bothspecialist applications involving acid and basic compounds or mixtures of both. Optimal® ODS-H isalso particularly well suited to general purpose method development.

Shape: SphericalPhases Available: ODS-H, ODS-L, C8 and SilicaParticle Size: 3µm, 5µm and largerMean Pore Diameter: 120Å (300, 500 and 1000Å also available)Carbon Loading: ODS-H (18%), ODS-L (15%)Specific Surface Area: 320m2g-1. (120Å material)

Opt

imal

®

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Opt

imal

®

Column: Optimal® ODS-H 5µmDimensions: 15cm x 4.6mmMobile Phase: 40:60 Acetonitrile:WaterTemperature: 40°CFlow Rate: 1ml/minDetection: UV at 254nm

1. Pyridine, 2. Phenol

The absence of active silanols in Optimal is illustrated by thisstandard test mixture which includes both pyridine and phenol.The lack of peak tailing clearly demonstrates the absence ofmetallic impurities.

Neutral silanol groups can still occasionally cause problemswith certain classes of compound. Theobromine, theophyllineand caffeine are particularly prone to this effect. In Optimal thiseffect is elimated by full end capping.

Column: Optimal® ODS-H 5µmDimensions: 15cm x 4.6mmMobile Phase: 25:75 Methanol:WaterTemperature: 30°CFlow Rate: 1ml/minDetection: UV at 254nm

1. Theobromine, 2. Theophylline3. Caffeine, 4. Phenol

Column: Optimal® ODS-H 5µmDimensions: 15cm x 4.6mmMobile Phase: THF:Water:Formic Acid (35:60:5)Temperature: 40°CFlow Rate: 0.65ml/minDetection: UV at 254nm

O

O

OH

OHOH

OHO

O

OHOH

OHOH

OH

Many compounds such as polyphenols interact irreversibly with the active sites on silica basedreversed phase materials. In the case of Optimal ODS-H this problem does not occur, which makesit possible to analyse problematic compounds such as in the example below.

1. Quercetin 2. Kaemphenol

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Opt

imal

®

Column: Optimal® ODS-H 5µmDimensions: 15cm x 4.6mmMobile Phase: 15:85 Acetonitrile:Water

10mM Sodium Phosphate (pH5)Temperature: 40°CFlow Rate: 1ml/minDetection: UV at 254nm

1. Thiamine Hydrochloride2. Riboflavine

Silianol Sensitive Vitamins

Tricyclic Antidepressives

Column: Optimal® ODS-H 5µmDimensions: 15cm x 4.6mmMobile Phase: 80:20 Methanol:Water

20mM Potassium Phosphate (pH 7)Temperature: 40°CFlow Rate: 1ml/minDetection: UV at 254nm

1. Protriptyline2. Nortriptyline3. Amitriptyline

Optimal® ODS-L

Optimal® ODS-L has a slightly lower carbon loading (15%) than the ODS-H and is useful for theanalysis of a wide range of hydrophilic compounds which are normally not retained by other C18based packing material.

One particular advantage is that even pure water can be used as the eluent without the need for anyorganic modifier. Highly polar samples only soluble in water may be separated by this packing material,e.g. sugars and other saccharides. Optimal ODS-L is also as useful for analysing hydrophobic sampleswhich are currently chromatographed on competitor C8 materials. Like ODS-H, this packing materialis also fully end-capped.

OptimalODS-L is also based on the same high purity silica as the Optimal ODS-H material whichensures the high degree of inertness and lack of peak tailing.

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Opt

imal

®

Fructo-Oligosaccharides

Column: Optimal® ODS-L 5µmDimensions: 15cm x 4.6mmMobile Phase: 100% Water (HPLC Grade)Temperature: 40°CFlow Rate: 1ml/minDetection: Refractive Index

1. Sucrose2. Kestose3. Fructotriose4. Fructotetraose

Optimal Ordering Information

Catalogue numbers refer to 5µm materials 4.6mm column i.d. only. For 2.1mm or 3.2mmdiameter columns please add D2 and D3 respectively to the standard 4.6mm i.d. columns.Prices for 2.1mm and 3.2mm i.d. columns are as for 4.6mm i.d.

New Precision Format Columns 5µm prices only (3µm and 10µm particles are also available)

Phase 2cm 5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm

(guard)

Silica 5SA102 5SA105 5SA110 5SA115 5SA120 5SA125

C8 5SF102 5SF105 5SF110 5SF115 5SF120 5SF125

ODS-H 5SG102 5SG105 5SG110 5SG115 5SG120 5SG125

ODS-L 5SH102 5SH105 5SH110 5SH115 5SH120 5SH125

PRICE/£ See price list page 1

UCC Cartridge Format Columns 5µm prices only (3µm and 10µm particles are also available)


(guard)

Silica 5SA102 5SA305 5SA310 5SA315 5SA320 5SA325

C8 5SF102 5SF305 5SF310 5SF315 5SF320 5SF325

ODS-H 5SG102 5SG305 5SG310 5SG315 5SG320 5SG325

ODS-L 5SH102 5SH305 5SH310 5SH315 5SH320 5SH325


Wide Pore Materials

All Capital HPLC Optimal columns are available in various pore sizes ranging from 60Å up to1000Å. This makes it possible to analyse larger molecules together with all the advantages ofa high purity, highly inert material. For prices and ordering information for wide pore materials,please consult our price list, page 1.

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Sph

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il®

Uracil, Phenol, Cresol, 3,5 Xylenoland 2,5 Xylenol

Uracil, Aniline, Cresol,Nitrobenzene and Toluene

Cinamic Acid, Nitrobenzene,Amitriptyline and Biphenyl

Run Conditions: 15cm x 4.6mm i.d. 40:60 Acetonitirle:Water (20mMPhosphate pH 2.5)

Waters Spherisorb ODS1

All Capital Spherisil columns must undergo the most stringent quality control conditions in our ISO9002approved laboratory. Spherisil columns provide the same chromatographic performance as Spherisorbwith lower column back pressures thanks to Capital's proprietary packing technique.

All materials are held in stock for immediate delivery from the narrow bore scale through to prepara-tive columns.

In all test Spherisil was shown to be virtually indistinguishable from Waters Spherisorb except for oneimportant factor - price !!!

Compare the examples below with the examples opposite.

Capital Spherisil

Spherisil HPLC columns and UCC Cartridges fromCapital HPLC represent a 100% compatible alternativeto Waters Spherisorb columns for all HPLCapplications. Compare for yourself the chromatogramsbelow which show the identical results obtained withboth Capital Spherisil and Waters Spherisorb forcompounds of vastly differing polarities. ExistingSpherisorb methods can be directly carried out onCapital Spherisil using exactly the samechromatographic run conditions with no changes inselectivity or retention characteristics.

Capital Spherisil is available in the following phases:ODS1, ODS2, C8, Cyano, Amino, Phenyl, SCX andSAX. Mixed mode phases are also available. All phasesare available in 10, 5 and 3µm particle diameters.

Specifications

Phases: ODS1, ODS2, C8, C6, C1

CN, NH2, Phenyl, Mixed Mode

Particle Diameter: 3, 5 and 10µmPore Diameter: 80 ÂSurface Area: 220m2 / g

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Uracil, Aniline, Cresol,Nitrobenzene and Toluene

Cinamic Acid, Nitrobenzene,Amitriptyline and Biphenyl

Run Conditions: 15cm x 4.6mm i.d. 40:60 Acetonitirle:Water (20mMPhosphate pH 2.5)

Capital Spherisil ODS1

Uracil, Phenol, Cresol, 3,5 Xylenoland 2,5 Xylenol


(guard)

Si 5UA102 5UA105 5UA110 5UA115 5UA120 5UA125

C1 5UB102 5UB105 5UB110 5UB115 5UB120 5UB125

C6 5UE102 5UE105 5UE110 5UE115 5UE120 5UE125

C8 5UF102 5UF105 5UF110 5UF115 5UF120 5UF125

ODS1 5UG102 5UG105 5UG110 5UG115 5UG120 5UG125

ODS2 5UH102 5UH105 5UH110 5UH115 5UH120 5UH125

PHENYL 5UK102 5UK105 5UK110 5UK115 5UK120 5UK125

CN 5UL102 5UL105 5UL110 5UL115 5UL120 5UL125

NH2 5UM102 5UM105 5UM110 5UM115 5UM120 5UM125


Conventional Columns5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.

The example below shows the analysis of the same samples under the same run conditions onCapital's Spherisil.

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Spherisil Ordering Information


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Capital Spherisil ODS2

Spherisil ODS2

The adjacent test shows the comparison of Capital Spherisil ODS2 with Waters Spherisorb ODS2. Aswith the ODS1 the results are identical in terms of selectivity and retention characteristics.

Waters Spherisorb ODS2

Uracil, Aniline, Cresol,Nitrobenzene, Toluene

Uracil, Phenol, Cresol,3,5-Xylenol, 2,5-Xylenol

Uracil, 2-NitroanilineMethyl Benzoate, Xylene

UCC Cartridge Columns5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.


(guard)

Si 5UA302 5UA305 5UA310 5UA315 5UA320 5UA325

C1 5UB302 5UB305 5UB310 5UB315 5UB320 5UB325

C6 5UE302 5UE305 5UE310 5UE315 5UE320 5UE325

C8 5UF302 5UF305 5UF310 5UF315 5UF320 5UF325

ODS1 5UG302 5UG305 5UG310 5UG315 5UG320 5UG325

ODS2 5UH302 5UH305 5UH310 5UH315 5UH320 5UH325

PHENYL 5UK302 5UK305 5UK310 5UK315 5UK320 5UK325

CN 5UL302 5UL305 5UL310 5UL315 5UL320 5UL325

NH2 5UM302 5UM305 5UM310 5UM315 5UM320 5UM325


Sph

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Capital InertpakThe Inertpak family of LC columns from Capital HPLC is based on a new generation high purity silicawhich exhibits a remarkable degree of chemical inertness and stability. The Inertpak range is thereforeparticularly effective in the analysis of amines, basic pharmaceuticals and other chemical species wherehydrogen bonding may occur. This also makes Inertpak columns generally suitable for the vast rangeof non-basic applications currently performed on older technology stationary phases.

In the reversed phase analysis of basic/amine compounds, severe peak tailing often occurs, and ismainly due to the presence of surface silanol groups which remain after the derivatisation procedure.End capping with trimethyl silyl groups helps to eliminate surface silanols, but is never completelyresolves the problem.

The material used for the Capital HPLC Inertpak column family represents an innovative solution to theproblem of residual silanol interactions.

Surface silanols are known to undergo self-ionisation leading to fixed negative charges on the surfaceof the material. This leads to strong electrostatic interactions with the electron deficient regions of basicmolecules resulting in peak tailing.

Figure 2

Metal Activated Silanol (Highly Acidic)

Figure 1

Free Silanol (Moderately Acidic)

Specifications

Shape : Spherical

Particle Diameter : 5 micron

Carbon Loading : C8(10.5%): C4(7.5%): Ph(10.0%): ODS2(18%): ODS-80Å(17.5%)

Mean Pore Diameter : ODS2 (150Å or 80Å): Ph,C 8,C4 (150Å)

Surface Area : 320-350m 2/g: 450m 2/g (ODS-80Å)

Assured Efficiency : 55,000 plates/m(Typically 75,000)

The tendency for a silanol group to undergo self ionisation depends on its electronic environment andis exceptionally strong when the adjacent silicon atom is substituted by a metallic impurity. Figures 1 and2 above illustrate the stabilising effect of metal impurities on ionised silanols.

Existing silica technology produces LC packing materials which contain substantial amounts of metallicimpurities, notably sodium and iron which lead to the presence of highly activated silanols whichcontribute to peak tailing.

The inert silica used in Inertpak columns uses a synthesis route producing a high purity material with avery low metal content. Consequently residual silanols following the end capping process are inactiveand therefore do not create the interactions which cause peak tailing.

Iner

tpak

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r - Chemically Inert

r - Excellent for Basic Compounds

r - High Efficiency

r- Good Peak Shape

r - Stable over a Wide pH Range

m INERTNESS TEST

Conventional ODS Leading BaseDeactived Silica

INERTPAK ODS2

Does not Elute

Mobile Phase 40:60 MeCN:H20 (20mM KH2PO4) 1. Uracil 2. Amitriptyline. 15cm x 4.6

Conventional ODSMaterial

Inertpak ODS2

Comparison of Inertpak and a column packed with a traditional ODSpacking material before and after 500hrs contact (at 1ml.min) at pH2.0. Solutes: 1, Pyridine, 2. Phenol, 3. Methyl benzoate, 4.Methylindole

m 500 hrs at pH 2.0

Comparison of an Inertpak column before and after exposure to asolution at pH 9.0 for 500 hrs at 1.0 ml/min.

1. Aniline2. p-Chloroaniline3. p-Bromoaniline4. Benzene

Inertpak ODS-2

Flow Rate 1ml/min

pH = 9

m 500 hrs at pH 9.0

New packing materials create more stringentrequirements when it comes to packingprocedures. The proprietary packing protocol,designed by our development laboratory,allows us to supply columns in all formatsfrom capillaries to preparative scale columns,exclusive to Capital HPLC. This packingprocedure, in concert with Capital HPLC'sstringent quality control assures you ofreproducible cost effective analysis.

Amitriptyline, the anitdepressive drug, isknown to be particularly sensitive to thepresence of active silanol groups, whenanalysed by reversed phase LC. The InertpakInertness Test shows a comparison of theanalysis of this compound on a conventionalODS, a leading brand base deactivatedmaterial and Inertpak.

In the case of the conventional ODS material, the drug is irreversibly adsorbed onto the packing materialand does not elute, whereas the base deactivated material elutes the drug with severe peak tailing.With Inertpak a perfectly formed symmetrical peak is observed.

In addition to the inertness towards basiccompounds, Inertpak columns can also beoperated over a wider pH range thanconventional materials. The above testsillustrate the good stability of Inertpak incontact with aggressive mobile phases athigh and low pH values.

Iner

tpak

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Bases of Nucleic acid and Nucleosides

Column : Inertpak ODS2 5µm150 x 4.6 mm I.D.

Eluent :0.1M H3PO4 + 0.2M NaClO4 (pH2)

Flow rate : 1.0 ml/min.Detector : UV 260nm

1. Cytosine 2. Uracil3. Guanine 4. Adenine5. Cytidine 6. Uridine7. Thymine 8. Adenosine9. Guanosine 10.Thymidine

Inertpak Ordering Information


Conventional Column Format 5µm prices only

Universal Cartridge Columns (UCC)5µm prices only

Phase 2cm 5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm(guard)

Silica 5MA102 5MA105 5MA110 5MA115 5MA120 5MA125C4 5MD102 5MD105 5MD110 5MD115 5MD120 5MD125C8 5MF102 5MF105 5MF110 5MF115 5MF120 5MF125ODS-2 5MG102 5MG105 5MG110 5MG115 5MG120 5MG125Phenyl(Ph) 5MK102 5MK105 5MK110 5MK115 5MK120 5MK125ODS(80Å) 5ML102 5ML105 5ML110 5ML115 5ML120 5ML125

PRICE/£ see price list - page 3


Silica 5MA102 5MA305 5MA310 5MA315 5MA320 5MA325C4 5MD102 5MD305 5MD310 5MD315 5MD320 5MD325C8 5MF102 5MF305 5MF310 5MF315 5MF320 5MF325ODS-2 5MG102 5MG305 5MG310 5MG315 5MG320 5MG325Phenyl(Ph) 5MK102 5MK305 5MK310 5MK315 5MK320 5MK325ODS(80Å) 5ML102 5ML305 5ML310 5ML315 5ML320 5ML325

PRICE/£ see price list - page 3

Iner

tpak

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Hypersil is porous spherical silica gel developed by chromatographers for chromatographers.Manufactured in the United Kingdom by the Hypersil division of the Thermo Group, Hypersil is availablein three, five and ten micron sizes. During the production of Hypersil materials, strict quality controlmeasures are taken to ensure that there is an extremely narrow particle size distribution and consistentsurface chemistries between batches. On a world scale, Hypersil is one of the most commonly usedchromatographic stationary phases.

In addition to the native silica, Hypersil isavailable with the following surfacechemistries: C1(SAS), C4, C8(MOS),C18(ODS),CN(CPS) and NH2(APS). Inaddition to the standard 120Å Hypersil,we can now offer our customers thebase deactivated range of Hypersilmaterials (BDS-Hypersil), and otherspeciality phases such as Hypersil Elite.

Hypersil

Typical Chromatographic Performances

3µm N = 120,000 p/m5µm N = 80,000 p/m10µm N = 40,000 p/m

Specifications

Particle Diameters: 3, 5 and 10µmAverage pore diameter: 120Å ± 15ÅPore size distribution: 85% mean ± 30ÅSurface area: 170 m2g-1 ± 10 m2g-1Pore volume: 0.65cm3g-1 ± 0.1cm3g-1

HYPERSIL - Conventional Columns5µm prices only 3µm columns 10% extra10µm columns 5% less


Si 5AA102 5AA105 5AA110 5AA115 5AA120 5AA125BUTYL(C4) 5AD102 5AD105 5AD110 5AD115 5AD120 5AD125MOS (C8) 5AF102 5AF105 5AF110 5AF115 5AF120 5AF125ODS (C18) 5AG102 5AG105 5AG110 5AG115 5AG120 5AG125Phenyl (Ph) 5AK102 5AK105 5AK110 5AK115 5AK120 5AK125CPS (CN) 5AL102 5AL105 5AL110 5AL115 5AL120 5AL125APS (NH2) 5AM102 5AM105 5AM110 5AM115 5AM120 5AM125SAS (C1) 5AB102 5AB105 5AB110 5AB115 5AB120 5AB125


Hypersil BDS-C18

3µ 10cm x 4mmGradient MeOH:H2O

Flow: 0.7ml/minDet. UV214,235nm

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Hypersil Ordering Information

Catalogue numbers refer to 5µm materials 4.6mm column i.d. only. For 2.1mm or 3.2mmdiameter columns please add D2 and D3 respectively to the standard 4.6mm i.d. columns.Prices for 2.1mm and 3.2mm i.d. columns are as for 4.6mm i.d. microns.

HYPERSIL - UCC Cartridge Columns5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.


Si 5AA102 5AA305 5AA310 5AA315 5AA320 5AA325SAS (C1) 5AB102 5AB305 5AB310 5AB315 5AB320 5AB325BUTYL(C4) 5AD102 5AD305 5AD310 5AD315 5AD320 5AD325MOS (C8) 5AF102 5AF305 5AF310 5AF315 5AF320 5AF325ODS (C18) 5AG102 5AG305 5AG310 5AG315 5AG320 5AG325Phenyl (C6H5) 5AK102 5AK305 5AK310 5AK315 5AK320 5AK325CPS (CN) 5AL102 5AL305 5AL310 5AL315 5AL320 5AL325APS (NH2) 5AM102 5AM305 5AM310 5AM315 5AM320 5AM325


Hypersil ODS

10cm x 2.1mm

Flow: 0.35ml/minTemp: 45°C

Hypersil ODS 5µm

10cm x 2.1mm

Acetonitrile:WaterFlow: 0.21ml/min

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HYPERSIL - Speciality Phases

Capital HPLC Limited also supply the full range of speciality HPLC columns manufactured by Hypersil.These include, Hypersil BDS, Hypersil Green, Hypersil Hypurity Elite and many others.

The table below represents a sample of the range of Hypersil speciality columns. For speciality columnsnot listed, please contact our sales office for information.

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Hypersil C8 BDS

Column: 25cm x 4.6mm i.d.Mobile Phase: MeCN:Water (Gradient)Flow Rate: 1.0ml/minDetection: UV at 240nm

Hypersil Green ENV

Column: 25cm x 4.6mm i.d.Mobile Phase: MeCN:Water (Gradient)Flow Rate: 1.0ml/minDetection: UV at 240nm


C8-BDS 5AX102 5AX105 5AX110 5AX115 5AX120 5AX125C18-BDS 5AZ102 5AZ105 5AZ110 5AZ115 5AZ120 5AZ125Phenyl BDS 5AY102 5AY105 5AY110 5AY115 5AY120 5AY125Green PAH 5AW102 5AW105 5AW110 5AW115 5AW120 5AW125Green ENV 5AC102 5AC105 5AC110 5AC115 5AC120 5AC125Carbamate 5AR102 5AR105 5AR110 5AR115 5AR120 5AR125Elite 5AP102 5AP105 5AP110 5AP115 5AP120 5AP125Hypurity Elite 5AJ102 5AJ105 5AJ110 5AJ115 5AJ120 5AJ125SAX 5AH102 5AH105 5AH110 5AH115 5AH120 5AH125SCX 5AE102 5AE105 5AE110 5AE115 5AE120 5AE125ODS-2 5AS102 5AS105 5AS110 5AS115 5AS120 5AS125MOS-2 5AT102 5AT105 5AT110 5AT115 5AT120 5AT125


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Inertsil ODS-3 and ODS-3V

Golf Course Pesticideson Inertsil ODS-3 5µm

Super Inert Surface

In the production of Inertsil ODS-3, thesilanols are eliminated through aproprietary bonding-endcappingtechnology developed at GL Sciences.To confirm maximum inertness, eachlot of Inertsil ODS-3 must pass a newquality control program using NMR foreach process step.

New High Performance Spherical Porous Silica Gel

Manufactured by GL Sciences in Japan, Inertsil ODS-3 represents a new generation C18 reversedphase HPLC packing for particularly demanding separations. It is however also ideally suited to thesolution of general purpose analytical problems. The base material for ODS-3 is a newly developed99.999% pure silica with a 100Å poresize and a perfectly spherical shape,as indicated in the figure below. Thissuperior new base silica, coupled withGL Sciences’ advanced proprietarybonding technology, makes InertsilODS-3 among the best C18 reversedphases available.

Low Column Head Pressure

The perfectly spherical shape and theuniform particle size of the InertsilODS3 base silica results in lowercolumn head pressures. Lower columnpressures mean less stress on thepacking and a longer lifetime for boththe column and your equipment.

Iner

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OD

S3

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Inertsil ODS-3V, a Validated HPLC Column

The critical phases in the manufacture of a validated HPLC column are:

GL Sciences has developed a program to manufacture, test and guarantee validated HPLC columnsthat will provide high performance results column after column, lot after lot. In addition to the testchromatogram included with each analytical column, all validated columns are supplied with a packingmaterial certificate indicating all the manufacturing and test data done for that material lot. Every stepin the manufacture and testing of Inertsil ODS-3V columns is critically controlled and monitored. Thesame high performance characteristics found in Inertsil ODS-3 have been incorporated in themanufacture of Inertsil ODS-3V. Inertsil ODS-3 users can, therefore, readily change to the new, validatedInertsil ODS-3V columns with complete confidence.

ODS-3 and ODS-3V Ordering Information

Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons Phenothiazine Derivatives

Cat. No. Description Price /£

5MP101D4 1cm x 4.0mm Inertsil ODS-3 Guard Column page 4

5MP105 5cm x 4.6mm Inertsil ODS-3 Guard Column page 4

5MP105D4 5cm x 4.0mm Inertsil ODS-3 Guard Column page 4

5MP115 15cm x 4.6mm ODS-3 Inertsil Conventional Column 5µm page 4

5MP115D1 15cm x 1.0mm ODS-3 Inertsil Conventional Column 5µm page 4





5MP125 25cm x 4.6mm ODS-3 Inertsil Conventional Column 5µm page 4






5MQ115 15cm x 4.6mm ODS-3V Inertsil Conventional Column 5µm page 4

5MQ125 25cm x 4.6mm ODS-3V Inertsil Conventional Column 5µm page 4

Iner

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Lichrosorb & Lichrosphere

Lichrosorb is an irregular porous packing material manufactured in Germany by E.Merck of Darmstadt.Both the bonded and unbonded Lichrosorb Silicas have relatively high surface areas and are consideredas one of the most retentive packing materialsavailable on the market.

The lichrosorb particles are ground fromcoarser precursor materials and classified toclose bands of 5, 7 and 10µm. Pore diametersof 60 and 100A are available. The 100Amaterial is available in the following phases:NH2, CN, Diol, RP-8 and RP-18.

Specifications Si 60

Mean particle dia 5µmPore size 60ÅPore volume - 1ml/gSurface area - 500m2/g

Specifications Si 100

Mean particle dia 5µmPore size 100ÅPore volume - 1ml/gSurface area - 300m2/g

Typical ChromatographicPerformance5µm = 60,000 p/m10µm = 30,000 p/m

Electromicrograph of Lichrosorb silica 605µm particles

Lichrosorb Ordering Information

Catalogue numbers refer to 5µm materials 4.6mm column i.d. only. For 2.1mm or 3.2mmdiameter columns please add D2 and D3 respectivley to the standard 4.6mm i.d. columns.Prices for 2.1mm and 3.2mm i.d. columns are as for 4.6mm i.d. For 3µm and 10µm packingssubstitute the first digit, i.e., 5, in the catalogue number with the desired particle diameter inmicrons.


Si 5EA102 5EA105 5EA110 5EA115 5EA120 5EA125 RP8 5EF102 5EF105 5EF110 5EF115 5EF120 5EF125 RP18 5EG102 5EG105 5EG110 5EG115 5EG120 5EG125 CN 5EL102 5EL105 5EL110 5EL115 5EL120 5EL125 NH2* 5EM102 5EM105 5EM110 5EM115 5EM120 5EM125 DIOL* 5ES102 5ES105 5ES110 5ES115 5ES120 5ES125

Price/£ See price list page 4-5

Lichrosorb- Conventional Columns 5µm prices only

* Not available in 5µm

Lich

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Si 5EA102 5EA305 5EA310 5EA315 5EA320 5EA325 RP8 5EF102 5EF305 5EF310 5EF315 5EF320 5EF325 RP18 5EG102 5EG305 5EG310 5EG315 5EG320 5EG325 CN 5EL102 5EL305 5EL310 5EL315 5EL320 5EL325 NH2* 5EM102 5EM305 5EM310 5EM315 5EM320 5EM325 DIOL* 5ES102 5ES305 5ES310 5ES315 5ES320 5ES325


LICHROSORB - Universal Cartridge Columns (UCC)

5µm prices only10µm 5% less

* Not available in 5µm

Lichrosphere is a general purpose spherical totally porous material available in 5 and 10µm particles.The RP-Select B phase is particularly suitable for basic compounds.

Lichrosphere - Conventional Columns


Si 5EB102 5EB105 5EB110 5EB115 5EB120 5EB125 RP8 5EH102 5EH105 5EH110 5EH115 5EH120 5EH125 RP18 5EK102 5EK105 5EK110 5EK115 5EK120 5EK125 CN 5EP102 5EP105 5EP110 5EP115 5EP120 5EP125 NH2* 5EN102 5EN105 5EN110 5EN115 5EN120 5EN125 DIOL* 5ET102 5ET105 5ET110 5ET115 5ET120 5ET125 RP-Select B 5EY102 5EY105 5EY110 5EY115 5EY120 5EY125

Price/£ See price list page 5

AROMATICS

Column : 250 x 4.6mmPacking : LiChrosorb 10mm RP 18Flow Rate : 2.0 ml/min.Pressure : 50 barEluent : Acetonitrile/water

50:50

1. benzoic acid2. benzoin3. ethyl benzoate4. ortho-ethylbenzoin

Packing : Lichrosphere RP 18Flow Rate : 0.8 ml/min.Eluent : Acetonitrile/water 70:30

1. Prednisolone2. Cortisone3. Dexamethasone4. Prednisolone Acetate5. Hydrocortisone Acetate6. Cortisone Acetate

STEROIDS

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CATECHOLAMINES

Column: Spherisorb S5C6Eluent: 0.01M Phosphate, pH2.0Detector: spectroMonitor III at 280nm

Peaks:1. Noradrenalin2. Adrenalin3. Dopamine4. Tyramine

5. Phenylethylamine

Waters Spherisorb

SampleVolume: 10ulColumn Size: 250mm x 4.6mmPacking: Spherisorb, OctylBonded, Phase S5C8

ParticleDiam: 5 micronsEluent: 0.2m H3 PO4AqueousPressure: 1200 psiTemp: AmbientFlow Rate: 0.8ml/minDetector: UV 210nm

Sensitivity: 0.10 aufs

SEPARATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS

Material: Spherisorb S5 ODS-1Column: 250cm x 4.6mmMobile Phase: 70/30 Acetonitrile, WaterFlow Rate: 0.9 ml/min

Solutes

1. Phenol2. P-Chlorophenol3. O-Benzyl Chlorophenol

Specifications

3µm mean particle dia ±1 (dist 90%)5µm mean particle dia ±2 (dist 90%)10µm mean particle dia ±2 (dist 90%)Average pore size 80ÅPore size distribution 54 - 110ÅSurface area 220 m2g-1

Typical Chromatographic Performance

3µm - N = 100,000 p/m5µm - N = 55,000 p/m10µm - N = 35,000 p/m

Waters Spherisorb is a porous, spherical packing material manufactured by Phase Separations inDeeside, North Wales. Available in three, five and ten micron sizes, Spherisorb has a narrow size

distribution and specific surface areaand assures the chromatographer of ahigh efficiency and excellent peak shapecharacteristics. Waters Spherisorb inone of the more traditional phases andis widely used throughout the world.

CARBOXYLICACIDS

1. Tartaric Acid2. Lactic Acid3. Malic Acid4. Formic Acid5. Acetic Acid6. Citric Acid7. Succinic Acid

8. Fumaric Acid

Sph

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Waters Spherisorb - Conventional Columns5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.

Ordering Information


(guard)

Si 5BA102 5BA105 5BA110 5BA115 5BA120 5BA125

C1 5BB102 5BB105 5BB110 5BB115 5BB120 5BB125

C6 5BE102 5BE105 5BE110 5BE115 5BE120 5BE125

C8 5BF102 5BF105 5BF110 5BF115 5BF120 5BF125

ODS1 5BG102 5BG105 5BG110 5BG115 5BG120 5BG125

ODS2 5BH102 5BH105 5BH110 5BH115 5BH120 5BH125

PHENYL 5BK102 5BK105 5BK110 5BK115 5BK120 5BK125

CN 5BL102 5BL105 5BL110 5BL115 5BL120 5BL125

NH2 5BM102 5BM105 5BM110 5BM115 5BM120 5BM125


Waters Spherisorb - Universal Cartridge Columns (UCC)

5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.


(guard)

Si 5BA102 5BA305 5BA310 5BA315 5BA320 5BA325

C1 5BB102 5BB305 5BB310 5BB315 5BB320 5BB325

C6 5BE102 5BE305 5BE310 5BE315 5BE320 5BE325

C8 5BF102 5BF305 5BF310 5BF315 5BF320 5BF325

ODS1 5BG102 5BG305 5BG310 5BG315 5BG320 5BG325

ODS2 5BH102 5BH305 5BH310 5BH315 5BH320 5BH325

PHENYL 5BK102 5BK305 5BK310 5BK315 5BK320 5BK325

CN 5BL102 5BL305 5BL310 5BL315 5BL320 5BL325

NH2 5BM102 5BM305 5BM310 5BM315 5BM320 5BM325


For a low cost alternative to Waters Spherisorb consider our Capital Spherisil (see page 12).

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Nucleosil

Manufactured by Macherey-Nagel GmbH in Germany, Nucleosil is a silica based totally porousspherical packing medium with a particularly narrow pore size distribution.It is available with various pore diameters ranging from50A up to 2000A, resulting in surface areas from100m2/g to 500m2/g.

Nucleosil exhibits a high degree of mechanical stabilityand easily copes with the high pressures involved inHPLC. Nucleosil is available in particle diameters ofthree, five, seven and ten micron.

Specifications5µm mean particle dia ±1.510µm mean particle dia ±1.5Average pore size 100ÅPore volume 0.65-1.0cm3/gSurface area 350m2/g

Typical Chromatographic Performance5µm 55,000 p/m10µm 30,000 p/m

NUCLEOSIL - Conventional Columns

5µm prices only (3µm and 10µm are also available)


Silica 5CA102 5CA105 5CA110 5CA115 5CA120 5CA125C4 5CD102 5CD105 5CD110 5CD115 5CD120 5CD125C8 5CF102 5CF105 5CF110 5CF115 5CF120 5CF125C18 5CG102 5CG105 5CG110 5CG115 5CG120 5CG125PHENYL 5CK102 5CK105 5CK110 5CK115 5CK120 5CK125CN 5CL102 5CL105 5CL110 5CL115 5CL120 5CL125NH2 5CM102 5CM105 5CM110 5CM115 5CM120 5CM125SB 5CN102 5CN105 5CN110 5CN115 5CN120 5CN125SA 5CP102 5CP105 5CP110 5CP115 5CP120 5CP125DIOL 5CS102 5CS105 5CS110 5CS115 5CS120 5CS125NO2 5CZ102 5CZ105 5CZ110 5CZ115 5CZ120 5CZ125

PRICE/£ See price list page 6-8

Nuc

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Nucleosil Ordering Information


NUCLEOSIL - Universal Cartridge Columns (UCC)

5µm prices only (3µm and 10µm are also available)


(guard)

Silica 5CA302 5CA305 5CA310 5CA315 5CA320 5CA325

C4 5CD302 5CD305 5CD310 5CD315 5CD320 5CD325

C8 5CF302 5CF305 5CF310 5CF315 5CF320 5CF325

C18 5CG302 5CG305 5CG310 5CG315 5CG320 5CG325

PHENYL 5CK302 5CK305 5CK310 5CK315 5CK320 5CK325

CN 5CL302 5CL305 5CL310 5CL315 5CL320 5CL325

NH2 5CM302 5CM305 5CM310 5CM315 5CM320 5CM325

SB 5CN302 5CN305 5CN310 5CN315 5CN320 5CN325

SA 5CP302 5CP305 5CP310 5CP315 5CP320 5CP325

DIOL 5CS302 5CS305 5CS310 5CS315 5CS320 5CS325

NO2 5CZ302 5CZ305 5CZ310 5CZ315 5CZ320 5CZ325

PRICE/£ see price list page 6-8

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Nucleosil New Phases

There are now two new Nucleosil phases available from Capital HPLC. For orderinginfromation please see page 8 of our general price list.

C18 AB - A new polymeric stationary phase with good selectivity towards both acid and basiccompounds. It also shows excellent stability against agressive mobile phases.

C18 PPN - A polymeric stationary phase especially developed for the analysis of peptides and proteins.

In addition to the Nucleosil phases listed above, Capital HPLC also supply numerousNucleogel products for the analysis of ions and biomolecules (see price list page 8).

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TECHSPHERE

The Techsphere range of silica based HPLC packing materials was developed by HPLC Technologywith a view to combating the problems of batch to batch irreproducibility. In the manufacture ofTechsphere, stringent quality control procedures are carried out to ensure that Techsphere givesabsolute reproducibility and high separationefficiencies.

Techsil columns are also available from CapitalHPLC Limited. Please contact our sales officefor prices and other information.

Techgel, a wide pore version with a 300Åpore size is available for the separation oflarge biomolecules.

SpecificationsParticle Diameters 3, 5 and 10µmPore size 100ÅPore volume - 0.51 cm3/gSurface area - 170 m2/g ± 10 m2/g

Typical Chromatographic Performance5µm - N = 65,000 p/m10µm - N = 100,000 p/m

Techsphere Ordering Information



Si 5DA102 5DA105 5DA110 5DA115 5DA120 5DA125C1 5DB102 5DB105 5DB110 5DB115 5DB120 5DB125C6 5DE102 5DE105 5DE110 5DE115 5DE120 5DE125C8 5DF102 5DF105 5DF110 5DF115 5DF120 5DF125 C18 5DG102 5DG105 5DG110 5DG115 5DG120 5DG125PHENYL 5DK102 5DK105 5DK110 5DK115 5DK120 5DK125CN 5DL102 5DL105 5DL110 5DL115 5DL120 5DL125NH2 5DM102 5DM105 5DM110 5DM115 5DM120 5DM125SAX 5DP102 5DP105 5DP110 5DP115 5DP120 5DP125


Techsphere - Conventional Columns5µm prices only

Tech

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Time

COLUMN -: 250mm x 2mm i.d.Techsphere 3 um C8

SOLVENT-: 80% Acetonitrile 20% Water

FLOW RATE -: 0.2 ml/min

PRESSURE -: 2000 psi

INJECTION SIZE -: 0.5 ul valve

SAMPLE -: 1. Benzamide 2. Benzene 3. Benzophenone 4. Biphenyl

EFFICIENCY -: (N) =65,000 plate/metre.

Tech

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Si 5DA102 5DA105 5DA110 5DA115 5DA120 5DA125C1 5DB102 5DB105 5DB110 5DB115 5DB120 5DB125C6 5DE102 5DE105 5DE110 5DE115 5DE120 5DE125C8 5DF102 5DF105 5DF110 5DF115 5DF120 5DF125 C18 5DG102 5DG105 5DG110 5DG115 5DG120 5DG125PHENYL 5DK102 5DK105 5DK110 5DK115 5DK120 5DK125CN 5DL102 5DL105 5DL110 5DL115 5DL120 5DL125NH2 5DM102 5DM105 5DM110 5DM115 5DM120 5DM125SAX 5DP102 5DP105 5DP110 5DP115 5DP120 5DP125


Techsphere - Universal Cartridge Columns (UCC)5µm prices only

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Apex

Manufactured by Jones Chromatography in South Wales, Apex is a custom manufactured sphericalsilica with a carefully controlled surface area. Maximum bonding stability is achieved via siloxane bondsand the high monomeric coverage leads to a minimum of free accessible silanol groups.

SpecificationsSurface area 170 m2gParticle Dia. 3, 5 & 10µmPore Diameter - 100ÅTypical Chromatographic Performance3 micron – 100,000 p/m5 micron – 60,000 p/m10 micron – 30,000 p/m


Silica 5FA102 5FA305 5FA310 5FA315 5FA320 5FA325 C1 5FC102 5FC305 5FC310 5FC315 5FC320 5FC325 C8 5FF102 5FF305 5FF310 5FF315 5FF320 5FA325PHENYL 5FK102 5FK305 5FK310 5FK315 5FK320 5FK325 CN 5FL102 5FL305 5FL310 5FL315 5FL320 5FL325 NH2 5FM102 5FM305 5FM310 5FM315 5FM320 5FM325 DIOL 5FS102 5FS305 5FS310 5FS315 5FS320 5FS325


APEX - Universal Cartridge Columns (UCC)5µm prices only, 3µm 10% extra, 10µm 5% less


Silica 5FA102 5FA105 5FA110 5FA115 5FA120 5FA125 C1 5FC102 5FC105 5FC110 5FC115 5FC120 5FC125 C8 5FF102 5FF105 5FF110 5FF115 5FF120 5FF125 C18 5FG102 5FG105 5FG110 5FG115 5FG120 5FG125 PHENYL 5FK102 5FK105 5FK110 5FK115 5FK120 5FK125 CN 5FL102 5FL105 5FL110 5FL115 5FL120 5FL125 NH2 5FM102 5FM105 5FM110 5FM115 5FM120 5FM125 DIOL 5FS102 5FS105 5FS110 5FS115 5FS120 5FS125


APEX - Conventional Columns5µm prices only, 3µm 10% extra, 10µm 5% less

APEX Cyano

Ape

x

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PartisilPartisil is a totally porous irregular microparticular packing material manufactured by WhatmanLimited. The particles have a high surface area (350-400 m2/g) which contributes to high sampleretention volumes and high loading capacities. The ODS Partisil materials have three different carbonloading specifications: ODS1-5% ODS2-15% and ODS3-10%.

SpecificationsMean particle diameter 5µm ± 10%Mean particle diameter 10µm ± 10%Surface area 350-400m2/gPore Volume 0.85ml/gPore Size 5µm 85Å

11. ADP12. GDP13. XDP14. UTP15. dTTP16. CTP17. ITP18. ATP

19. GTP (XTP)

PEAKS

1. CMP2. AMP3. UMP4. IMP5. GMP6. XMP7. dTDP8. UDP9. CDP10. IDP

Operating ConditionsColumn: Partisil 10 SAX(4.6mm ID x 25cm long)

Mobile Phase Linear Gradient: 0-100% in 45 min(low) 0.007FKH2PO4pH4.0(High)0.25FKH2PO40.50FKC1.pH4.5

Flow Rate: 1.5ml/min

Detection: UV @254mm


(guard)

Silica* 10GA102 10GA305 10GA310 10GA315 10GA320 10GA325

C8* 10GF102 10GF305 10GF310 10GF315 10GF320 10GF325

ODS1 10GG102 10GG305 10GG310 10GG315 10GG320 10GG325

ODS2 10GH102 10GH305 10GH310 10GH315 10GH320 10GH325

ODS3* 10GJ102 10GJ305 10GJ310 10GJ315 10GJ320 10GJ325

PAC* 10GM102 10GM305 10GM310 10GM315 10GM320 10GM325

SAX 10GN102 10GN305 10GN310 10GN315 10GN320 10GN325

SCX 10GP102 10GP305 10GP310 10GP315 10GP320 10GP325


PARTISIL - UCC Cartridge Columns10µm prices only, 5µm prices are 5% extra (*Available in 5µm)


Silica* 10GA102 10GA105 10GA110 10GA115 10GA120 10GA125C8* 10GF102 10GF105 10GF110 10GF115 10GF120 10GF125ODS1 10GG102 10GG105 10GG110 10GG115 10GG120 10GG125ODS2 10GH102 10GH105 10GH110 10GH115 10GH120 10GH125ODS3* 10GJ102 10GJ105 10GJ110 10GJ115 10GJ120 10GJ125PAC* 10GM102 10GM105 10GM110 10GM115 10GM120 10GM125SAX 10GN102 10GN105 10GN110 10GN115 10GN120 10GN125SCX 10GP102 10GP105 10GP110 10GP115 10GP120 10GP125

Price /£ See price list page 9-10

PARTISIL - Conventional Columns10µm prices only ,5µm prices are 5% extra (*Available in 5µm)

Par

tisil

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YMC Columns

YMC is a trade mark for Yamamura Chemicals Company Limited in Kyoto, Japan. The YMC silica gelsare available in a variety of bonding chemistries and pore sizes to meet the broadest range ofchromatographic needs.

Specifications - Standard GelMean particle diameter: 5µm ± 0.3, 10µm ± 1.0Surface area: 300 ± 40 m2/gPore volume: 1.0 ± 0.15 ml/gPore Size Distribution: 130 ± 20Å

Anti HIV DrugsYMC Octyl C8

AlkaloidsYMC AM

Phase 1cm (5pk) 5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm(guard)

Silica 5HA101 5HA105 5HA110 5HA115 5HA120 5HA125TMS 5HB101 5HB105 5HB110 5HB115 5HB120 5HB125Butyl 5HD101 5HD105 5HD110 5HD115 5HD120 5HD125Octyl 5HF101 5HF105 5HF110 5HF115 5HF120 5HF125ODS-A 5HU101 5HU105 5HU110 5HU115 5HU120 5HU125Phenyl 5HK101 5HK105 5HK110 5HK115 5HK120 5HK125Cyano 5HL101 5HL105 5HL110 5HL115 5HL120 5HL125Amino 5HM101 5HM105 5HM110 5HM115 5HM120 5HM125Diol 5HS101 5HS105 5HS110 5HS115 5HS120 5HS125

Price /£ See price list page 10-11

YMC- Classical Range of Columns 5µm prices only

Y

MC

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In addition to their range of high performance materials for general applications in HPLC, YMC also offera vast range of materials with a unique range of selectivities for particular applications

YMC-Speciality Columns

Y

MC

Column : J'Sphere ODSM80150mm x 4.6mm i.d.

Eluent : MeCH/H2O/AcOH(60:39:1)

Flow: : 1.0ml/minTemp. : 30°CDetection : UV @ 275nm

1. Bezafibrate2. Gemfibrozil3. Clofibrate4. Fenofibrate

10 20 min 10 20 30 40min

Column : J'Sphere ODSL80150mm x 4.6mm i.d.

Eluent : 20mM Phospate pH 3.0MeCN:THF:TBA

Flow: : 0.8ml/min

1. Diltiazem 2. Verapamil3. Methoxyverapamil 4. Nicardipine5. Prenylamine lactate 6. Bepridil7. Fenofibrate 8. Nifedipine

Hypolipidemic Drugs Calcium Antagonists

YMC ODS-AQ

YMC Speciality Columns 4.6mm i.d.For 3.2 and 2.1mm diameter columns, please add D3 and D2 to respectively. For YMC specialitycolumns not listed, please contact our sales office for information.

Phase 1cm (5pk) 5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm

(guard)

J'Sphere H80 4HY101 4HY105 4HY110 4HY115 N/A 4HY125

J'Sphere M80 4HX101 4HX105 4HX110 4HX115 N/A 4HX125

J'Sphere L80 4HW101 4HW105 4HW110 4HW115 N/A 4HW125

YMC Basic 5HFB101 5HFB105 5HFB110 5HFB115 N/A 5HFB125

ODS-AM 5HR101 5HR105 5HR110 5HR115 N/A 5HR125

ODS-AQ 5HZ101 5HZ105 5HZ110 5HZ115 N/A 5HZ125

YMC C30 5HV101 5HV105 5HV110 5HV115 N/A 5HV125

PVA SIL 5HH101 5HH105 5HH110 5HH115 N/A 5HH125

PAH 5HN101 5HN105 5HN110 5HN115 N/A 5HN125

CM 5HQ101 5HQ105 5HQ110 5HQ115 N/A 5HQ125

AX 5HP101 5HP105 5HP110 5HP115 N/A 5HP125

Polymer C18 5HG101 5HG105 5HG110 5HG115 N/A 5HG125

ODS-AL 5HJ101 5HJ105 5HJ110 5HJ115 N/A 5HJ125


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Kromasil

Kromasil is a spherical, totally porous silica-based chromatographic packing material developed by EkaNobel in Sweden. The combination of high efficiency, high loadability and mechanical stability makesKromasil an ideal choice of packing material for both analytical and preparative HPLC.

In addition to the native silica, Kromasil is availablein C1, C4, C8, C18 and amino propyl bondedphases.

Kromasil Specifications

Surface area 340 m2/gParticle sizes 5, 7 & 10µmPore volume 0.9ml /gPore diameter 100ÅPore size distribution 80% ± 25ÅCarbon Loading (C18) 19%

(C8) 12%(C4) 8%(C1) 4.7%

Kro

mas

il

YMC ODS-AQ

Kromasil base silica has a very low metal content with aluminium and sodium at less than 25ppm.Although Kromasil is intended as an excellent material for general everyday use, its low metal contentmakes is suitable for the separation of basic compounds.

Kromasil Ordering Information

Catalogue numbers refer to 5µm materials 4.6mm column i.d. only. For 2.1mm or 3.2mmdiameter columns please add D2 and D3 respectivley to the standard 4.6mm i.d. columns.Prices for 2.1mm and 3.2mm i.d. columns are as for 4.6mm i.d.

KROMASIL - Conventional Columns5µm prices only. 10µm 5% less (note to specify 10µm please substitute the prefix 5 for 10)


Silica 5JA102 5JA105 5JA110 5JA115 5JA120 5JA125C1 5JB102 5JB105 5JB110 5JB115 5JB120 5JB125C4 5JD102 5JD105 5JD110 5JD115 5JF120 5JF125C8 5JF102 5JF105 5JF110 5JF115 5JF120 5JF125C18 5JG102 5JG105 5JG110 5JG115 5JG120 5JG125NH2 5JM102 5JM105 5JM110 5JM115 5JM120 5JM125


KROMASIL - UCC Cartridge Columns5µm prices only. 10µm 5% less (note to specify 10µm please substitute the prefix 5 for 10)


Silica 5JA102 5JA305 5JA310 5JA315 5JA320 5JA325C1 5JB102 5JB305 5JB310 5JB315 5JB320 5JB325C4 5JD102 5JD305 5JD310 5JD315 5JF320 5JF325C8 5JF102 5JF305 5JF310 5JF315 5JF320 5JF325C18 5JG102 5JG305 5JG310 5JG315 5JG320 5JG325NH2 5JM102 5JM305 5JM310 5JM315 5JM320 5JM325


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The chromatographic performance of Kromasil-10-C8.Peak symmetry factors are all close to one.

Best efficiencycorresponds to h=1.8 (reduced plate height) and

N=45,000-54,000 plates/m

Peak Identity:1. Benzamide2. Benzylalcohol3. Benzaldehyde4. Methylbenzoate5. Toluene6. Benzene7. n-propylbenzene8. n-butylbenzene

Column: Kromasil-10-C8, 10 x 250mmFlow Rate: 4.9 ml/minMobile Phase: Acetonitrile/Water 70:30Pressure: 27 barDetector: UV, 254nm

Kro

mas

il

Kromasil Chiral PhasesKromasil chiral phases are based on the same high quality Kromasil high purity silica. The surfaceproperties of the base silica enhance the selectivity of the chiral phase. Two Kromasil chiral phases areavailable and they complement each other in terms of selectivity.

Kromasil CHI-1: The chiral monomer is O,O'-bis (3,5 dimethylbenzoyl)-N,N'-di-allyl-L-tartar diamide.Kromasil CHI-2: The chiral monomer is O,O'-bis (4-tert-butylbenzoyl)-N,N'-di-allyl-L-tartar diamide.

The chiral monomers are reacted with a multifunctional hydrosilane yielding a network polymer. Thechiral polymer is then covalently bonded to functionalized Kromasil silica.

KROMASIL - Chiral Columns


CHI-1 5JW102 5JW305 N/A N/A N/A 5JW325CHI-2 5JZ102 5JZ305 N/A N/A N/A 5JZ325

PRICE/£ see price list page 12

The binding of the chiralpolymer to the Kromasil silica

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Rosil / C-Gel

Rosil is a porous, spherical high quality silica for analytical use. The material is manufactured inSwitzerland by Uetikon who are well known for their innovative products in the gas and liquidchromatography field. The production processof Rosil is based on the polycondensation of asilicate solution which yields a packing materialwith high pressure stability and excellent overallperformance. The most popular C18 phase isavailable in two different forms with differentcarbon loadings. The Low Load (LL) has acarbon coverage of 10% while the High Load(HL) material is fully capped with a carboncoverage of 18%.The surface chemistries available include: Si,C1, C8, C18 (LL or HL), Phenyl, Cyano, Amino,Diol and Ion Exchange Phases (AN and CAT).

SpecificationsSurface area 250 m2/gParticle size 3, 5 & 8µmPore volume 0.65ml/gPore diameter 90Å

RoSil - Conventional Columns5µm prices only 3µm columns 10% extra 8um columns 5% less


(guard)

Si 5KA102 5KA305 5KA310 5KA315 5KA320 5KA325

C1 5KB102 5KB305 5KB310 5KB315 5KB320 5KB325

C8 5KF102 5KF305 5KF310 5KF315 5KF320 5KF325

C18-LL 5KG102 5KG305 5KG310 5KG315 5KG320 5KG325

C18-HL 5KH102 5KH305 5KH310 5KH315 5KH320 5KH325

PHENYL 5KK102 5KK305 5KK310 5KK315 5KK320 5KK325

CN 5KL102 5KL305 5KL310 5KL315 5KL320 5KL325

NH2 5KM102 5KM305 5KM310 5KM315 5KM320 5KM325

AN 5KN102 5KN305 5KN310 5KN315 5KN320 5KN325

CAT 5KP102 5KP305 5KP310 5KP315 5KP320 5KP325

DIOL 5KS102 5KS305 5KS310 5KS315 5KS320 5KS325



(guard)

Si 5KA102 5KA105 5KA110 5KA115 5KA120 5KA125

C1 5KB102 5KB105 5KB110 5KB115 5KB120 5KB125

C8 5KF102 5KF105 5KF110 5KF115 5KF120 5KF125

C18-LL 5KG102 5KG105 5KG110 5KG115 5KG120 5KG125

C18-HL 5KH102 5KH105 5KH110 5KH115 5KH120 5KH125

PHENYL 5KK102 5KK105 5KK110 5KK115 5KK120 5KK125

CN 5KL102 5KL105 5KL110 5KL115 5KL120 5KL125

NH2 5KM102 5KM105 5KM110 5KM115 5KM120 5KM125

AN 5KN102 5KN105 5KN110 5KN115 5KN120 5KN125

CAT 5KP102 5KP105 5KP110 5KP115 5KP120 5KP125

DIOL 5KS102 5KS105 5KS110 5KS115 5KS120 5KS125


RoSil - UCC Cartridge Columns5µm prices only 3µm columns 10% extra 8um columns 5% less

Ros

il/C

-Gel

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Exsil-100 Particles

Exsil 100 ODS - Rose Essence

Exsil Columns and Cartridges

Manufactured in the UK by Exmere, Exsil has quickly established itself as one of the leading range ofsilicas in the HPLC market. The Exsil 100 range is manufactured by a novel process using advancedtechnology which ensures an excellent degree of batch to batch reproducibility.

SpecificationsPore Diameter 100Å ± 5ÅSurface Area 200 ± 10m2/gPore Volume 0.51 ± 0.01ml/gParticle Diamters 3, 5, 10 and 15µm

Bonded Phases

Exsil 100 columns are available with thefollowing bonded phases.

Amino, Nitrile, Octyl, ODS, SAX, SCX,ODS-B and ODS-AB

300Å materials are also available.

Exs

il

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Exsil ODS-B and ODS-AB

Exsil ODS-B is a highly base deactivated phase suitable for bases and neutrals without usingbuffer salts. Exsil ODS-AB can also be used for basic compounds or mixtures of basic andacidic compounds.


(guard)

Silica 5NA302 5NA305 5NA310 5NA315 5NA320 5NA325

OCTYL 5NF302 5NF305 5NF310 5NF315 5NF320 5NF325

ODS 5NG302 5NG305 5NG310 5NG315 5NG320 5NG325

CN 5NL302 5NL305 5NL310 5NL315 5NL320 5NL325

NH2 5NM302 5NM305 5NM310 5NM315 5NM320 5NM325

SAX 5NN302 5NN305 5NN310 5NN315 5NN320 5NN325

ODS-B 5NQ302 5NQ305 5NQ310 5NQ315 5NQ320 5NQ325

ODS-AB 5NZ302 5NZ305 5NZ310 5NZ315 5NZ320 5NZ325

SCX 5NP302 5NP305 5NP310 5NP315 5NP320 5NP325



(guard)

Silica 5NA102 5NA105 5NA110 5NA115 5NA120 5NA125

OCTYL 5NF102 5NF105 5NF110 5NF115 5NF120 5NF125

ODS 5NG102 5NG105 5NG110 5NG115 5NG120 5NG125

CN 5NL102 5NL105 5NL110 5NL115 5NL120 5NL125

NH2 5NM102 5NM105 5NM110 5NM115 5NM120 5NM125

SAX 5NN102 5NN105 5NN110 5NN115 5NN120 5NN125

ODS-B 5NQ102 5NQ105 5NQ110 5NQ115 5NQ120 5NQ125

ODS-AB 5NZ102 5NZ105 5NZ110 5NZ115 5NZ120 5NZ125

SCX 5NP102 5NP105 5NP110 5NP115 5NP120 5NP125


Exsil Ordering Information


Exsil Conventional Columns5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.

Exsil UCC Cartridge Columns5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.

Wide Pore Exsil Columns for Analysis of Larger Molecules

In addition to Exsil 100, a 300A and 500A pore diameter silicas are available for the analysis of largermolecules. Exsil A300 has a pore diameter of 300A and represents the state of the art in wide poresilica development. It is also available in a 3µm particle diameter. Exsil A300 has a pore volume of0.78ml/g and a specific surface area of 100m2/g. Exsil B500 has a 500A pore diameter and is ideallysuited to the analysis of large polymers and nucleic acids.

Both A300 and B500 Exsils are available in Silica, C4, C8 and C18 bonded phases.

Exs

il

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Adsorbosphere

Adsorbosphere is a trademark of Alltech Associates. Select Adsorbosphere columns for applicationsrequiring exceptional surface coverage and stability. Alltech's high-temperature bonding converts25% to 40% more of the silanols to primary bonded phase than with standard, lower temperaturebonding. Endcapping and monomeric bonding reduce batch to batch variability. These bondedphases are extremely inert because all accessiblesilanols have been reacted. The ratio of primary toendcapped silanols is greater than with many othermaterials resulting in a more stable bonded phase.As endcapping is lost due to hydrolysis, there is lesschange in selectivity because endcapped sites are asmaller percentage of the total bonded phase.

Specifications: Standard HS

Surface Area: 200m2/g 350m2/gPore Size: 80Å 60ÅCarbon Loading: 12% 20%Particle Dia./µm: 3, 5, 7 & 10 3, 5, 7

Adsorbosphere HS has a higher carbon loading than the standard material and is able to resistaggressive mobile phases. High density bonding onto the high surface area results in a C18 carbonloading of 20%.

This hydrophobic bonded phase protects the silica from agressive mobile phases and is highly selectivefor organic compounds. Adsorbosphere HS can also withstand ion-pairing agents, buffers and otheraggressive substances which ensures a long column life.

Ads

orbo

sphe

re

Solutes

1. Barbital2. Allobarbital3. Phenobarbital4. Aprobarbital5. Butabarbital6. Mephobarbital7. Amobarbital8. Secobarbital

Column 150mm x 4.6mm i.d.Phase Adsorbosphere HS C18 7µmFlow 2.0ml min-1

Eluent 51:49 Methanol:WaterDetection UV at 220nm

BarbituratesHigh Carbon Loading

Adsorbosphere HS C18


C18 Absorbosphere HS 5PZ102 5PZ105 5PZ110 5PZ115 5PZ120 5PZ125

Price/£ see price list page 13-14

C18 Adsorbosphere HS - Conventional Columns (UCC Format also available)

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Adsorbosphere Ordering Information



Silica 5PA102 5PA105 5PA110 5PA115 5PA120 5PA125 TMS(C1) 5PB102 5PB105 5PB110 5PB115 5PB120 5PB125 C8(8%) 5PF102 5PF105 5PF110 5PF115 5PF120 5PF125C18(12%) 5PG102 5PG105 5PG110 5PG115 5PG120 5PG125Cyano(CN) 5PL102 5PL105 5PL110 5PL115 5PL120 5PL125 Amino(NH2) 5PM102 5PM105 5PM110 5PM115 5PM120 5PM125SAX 5PN102 5PN105 5PN110 5PN115 5PN120 5PN125 SCX 5PP102 5PP105 5PP110 5PP115 5PP120 5PP125


Adsorbosphere Conventional Columns5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.

Ads

orbo

sphe

re

Adsorbosphere UCC Cartridge Columns5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.


Silica 5PA102 5PA305 5PA310 5PA315 5PA320 5PA325TMS(C1) 5PB102 5PB305 5PB310 5PB315 5PB320 5PB325 Octyl 5PF102 5PF305 5PF310 5PF315 5PF320 5PF325 ODS 5PG102 5PG305 5PG310 5PG315 5PG320 5PG325 CN 5PL102 5PL305 5PL310 5PL315 5PL320 5PL325 NH2 5PM102 5PM305 5PM310 5PM315 5PM320 5PM325SAX 5PN102 5PN305 5PN310 5PN315 5PN320 5PN325 SCX 5PP102 5PP305 5PP310 5PP315 5PP320 5PP325


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Chromegabond

Chromegabond is a range of HPLC supports manufactured by ES Industries in the United States. TheChromegabond range is particularly interesting because of the enormous number of derivatised phaseswhich are available. There are a number of exotic chemistries which may be suited to even the mostunusual separations, e.g., there is a C22 alkyl phase and pentafluorophenyl phase. Many of thesephases are exclusive to the Chromegabond range.Chromegabond columns are available from CapitalHPLC in all of the various formats in our range fromnarrow bore to preparative scale.C

hrom

egab

ond


Silica 5TA102 5TA105 5TA110 5TA115 5TA120 5TA125 C1 5TB102 5TB105 5TB110 5TB115 5TB120 5TB125 C2 Dimethyl 5TC102 5TC105 5TC110 5TC115 5TC120 5TC125C3 Propyl 5TC102 5TC105 5TC110 5TC115 5TC120 5TC125C4 Butyl 5TD102 5TD105 5TD110 5TD115 5TD120 5TD125C8 5TF102 5TF105 5TF110 5TF115 5TF120 5TF125ODS 5TG102 5TG105 5TG110 5TG115 5TG120 5TG125MC18 5TH102 5TH105 5TH110 5TH115 5TH120 5TH125C22 5TI102 5TI105 5TI110 5TH115 5TI120 5TI125 Cyano(CN) 5TL102 5TL105 5TL110 5TL115 5TL120 5TL125 Diol(OH) 5TM102 5TM105 5TM110 5TM115 5TM120 5TM125SAX 5TN102 5TN105 5TN110 5TN115 5TN120 5TN125 PFP 5TW102 5TW105 5TW110 5TW115 5TW120 5TW125 Nitro 5TZ102 5TZ105 5TZ110 5TZ115 5TZ120 5TZ125 SCX 5TP102 5TP105 5TP110 5TP115 5TP120 5TP125


Chromegabond Conventional Columns5µm prices only3µm columns 10% extra - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 3 for cat. no.10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no.

Specifications

Pore Diameters : 60, 80, 100, 300, 500 &: 1000A

Particle Dia./um : 3,5,10

Available bonded phases include: Methyl, Dimethyl,Trimethyl, n-Propyl, n-Butyl, n-Hexyl, Cyclohexyl, C8,C10, C12, C18, C22, Diphenyl, Pentafluorophenyl,Propylcarboxymethylester, Adamantane, Amine,Diamine, Triamine, Diol, Cyano, Amino, Nitro, SilverImpregnated Silica.

Chromegabond Alumina γγγγγRP1 (Polybutadiene) is a special material for the analysis of azythromycinas described in US Pharmacopia (L29). Catalogue No. 5TT115 (see price list page 22.)

Chromegabond Ordering Information


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AquaSep C8 5µm 250mm x 4.6mm

Mobile Phase: 5mM Phosphate pH 2.4Flow Rate: 1.0ml / minDetection: UV @ 210nm

Organic Acids

1. Oxalic Acid2. Tartaric Acid3. Formic Acid4. Malic Acid5. Malonic Acid6. Lactic Acid7. Maleic Acid8. Fumaric Acid

Minutes

Chr

omeg

abon

d

Separation of Vanillin Derivatives onChromegabond PFP (Pentafluorophenyl)

Conditions

Column: PFP 15cm x 4.6mmMobile Phase: 40:60 Methanol:Water

Analytes

1.Vanillyl Alcohol, 2.Vanillic Acid, 3.pHydroxybenzoicAcid, 4.Syringic Acid, 5. Vanillin, 6. Syringaldehyde,7.Acetovanillone, 8.Acetosyringone, 9.Ethyl Vanillin.

Phase 2cm 5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cmAquasep 5TAQ102 5TAQ305 5TAQ310 5TAQ315 5TAQ320 5TAQ325


New Chromegabond AquaSep

Aquasep is a new reversed phase, developed by ES Industries, which enables highly water solubleanalytes to be chromatographed on a C8 bonded phase, even with purely aqueous mobile phases.

Aquasep is suitable for the analysis of highly water soluble compounds such as small organic acids,water soluble vitamins, purines and pyrimidines without the need for ion pairing agents.

r Chromatograph polar compounds with pure aqueous mobile phasesr Rapid re-equilibration with gradients (0-100%)r No ion pairing agents required for highly polar compoundsr Extremely high carbon loading

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Zorbax

Manufactured by Rockland, Zorbax is made by agglutinating very small colloidal silica beads in apatented organic polymerisation process. Once spherical particles have formed, the organic polymeris removed by a sintering process to yieldmechanically stable porous silicamicrospheres. The resulting medium hasa very narrow pore size distribution and aregular spherical shape which contributesto a comparatively low back pressure andhigh batch to batch reproducibility.

Zorbax Rx and SB phase are also availablefrom Capital HPLC.

SpecificationsMean particle diameter 5µm ± 1Surface area 350 m2/gPore size distribution 70Å ± 10


(guard)

Si 5LA102 5LA305 5LA310 5LA315 5LA320 5LA325

C1 5LB102 5LB305 5LB310 5LB315 5LB320 5LB325

C8 5LF102 5LF305 5LF310 5LF315 5LF320 5LF325

ODS 5LG102 5LG305 5LG310 5LG315 5LG320 5LG325

PHENYL 5LK102 5LK305 5LK310 5LK315 5LK320 5LK325

CN 5LL102 5LL305 5LL310 5LL315 5LL320 5LL325

NH2 5LM102 5LM305 5LM310 5LM315 5LM320 5LM325

SAX 5LN102 5LN305 5LN310 5LN315 5LN320 5LN325

PRICE see price list page 15-16

Zorbax UCC Cartridge Columns5µm prices only10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no. (Rx and SB 5µm only)

Zorbax Particles

Zorb

ax

Zorbax Conventional Columns5µm prices only10µm columns 5% less - Replace first digit (i.e., 5) with 10 for cat. no. (Rx and SB 5µm only)


(guard)

Si 5LA102 5LA105 5LA110 5LA115 5LA120 5LA125

C1 5LB102 5LB105 5LB110 5LB115 5LB120 5LB125

C8 5LF102 5LF105 5LF110 5LF115 5LF120 5LF125

ODS 5LG102 5LG105 5LG110 5LG115 5LG120 5LG125

PHENYL 5LK102 5LK105 5LK110 5LK115 5LK120 5LK125

CN 5LL102 5LL105 5LL110 5LL115 5LL120 5LL125

NH2 5LM102 5LM105 5LM110 5LM115 5LM120 5LM125

SAX 5LN102 5LN105 5LN110 5LN115 5LN120 5LN125

C18-Rx 5LY102 5LY105 5LY110 5LY115 5LY120 5LY125

C8-Rx/SB 5LZ102 5LZ105 5LZ110 5LZ115 5LZ120 5LZ125

PRICE see price list page 15-16

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Synchropak

Synchropak is a range of materials, manufactured by Synchrom Inc., which is aimed primarily at theanalysis and purification of proteins, peptides and other biomolecules. There are a number of phasesespecially designed for size exclusion or gel filtration chromatography with a wide range of pore sizes.The range also includes novel ion exchange materials, e.g., WAX, with a wide range of specifications.

SynChropak Conventional Columns6.5µm prices only


(guard)

AX300 7XA102 7XA105 7XA110 7XA115 7XA120 7XA125

Q300 7XB102 7XB105 7XB110 7XB115 7XB120 7XB125

CM300 7XF102 7XF105 7XF110 7XF115 7XF120 7XF125

S300 7XG102 7XG105 7XG110 7XG115 7XG120 7XG125

GPC300 7XK102 7XK105 7XK110 7XK115 7XK120 7XK125

GPC500 7XL102 7XL105 7XL110 7XL115 7XL120 7XL125

GPC1000 7XM102 7XM105 7XM110 7XM115 7XM120 7XM125

RP100 7XN102 7XN105 7XN110 7XN115 7XN120 7XN125

PRICE see price list page 16

SynChropak RP-P

Ribosomal Proteins

Available Phases

AX300 is a weak anion exchange column for theanalysis of proteins, enzymes etc..

Q300 is similar to the above but includes an additionalquaternary ammonium group to give a strong anionexchange material.

CM300 is a weak cation exchange phase, whereasS300 is a strong cation exchanger.

Many others are also available, please call fordetails.

Syn

chro

pak

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Capital HPLC Narrow Bore Columns

Relative Mass Sensitivity

4.6 3.2 2.1 1.0

12

5

20

Column i.d. / mm

Capital Narrow Bore Columns

Capital HPLC are able to supply high performance narrow bore columns of 3.2, 2.1mm and 1.0mmi.d., in a conventional column format,packed with any of the materials from ourvast range.

In addition to the standard 4.6mm i.d.format, UCC cartridge inserts are availablein both 3.2mm and 2.1mm i.d. formats.Both the 3.2mm and 2.1mm inserts arefully compatible with the standard UCCcartridge holder, so it is not necessary topurchase specific narrow bore holders. Atpresent the UCC range is the onlycartridge system available which supports2.1mm i.d. inserts.

Solvent Consumption

The use of narrow bore columns leads to a considerable reduction in solvent consumption. From figure1, which shows the relative solvent consumption for 4.6, 3.2, 2.1 and 1.0mm i.d. columns or cartridges,it can be seen that even a moderatereduction in diameter from 4.6 to 3.2 canlead to a 50% saving in solvent costs. Notonly does this save on solvents, but alsoon time spent preparing mobile phasesand cuts waste disposal costs. As can beseen from the diagram below, the use of1.0mm diameter columns results in a 95%saving in solvent costs. With such savingsin the costs of solvent, it is even possibleto consider the use of more exotic mobilephases containing expensive additives,such as chiral selectors.

Perhaps the most dramatic effect ofreducing the cartridge diameter is theincreased mass sensitivity. In situationswhere only a very small sample volume is available, it is often possible to obtain a five fold increase insensitivity by changing from a traditional 4.6mm cartridge to a 2.1mm i.d.. A twenty fold increase insensitivity can be achieved by switching from a 4.6mm to a 1.0mm i.d. column.

4.6 3.2 2.1 1.00

20

40

60

80

100

Column i.d. / mm

Solvent Consumption

Why use 4.6mm i.d. columns ?

Over the past twenty or so years, the most popular analytical HPLC column format has been the4.6mm i.d. column. At the time of its introduction, this choice of a 4.6mm diameter column was dictatedmainly by the limitations of the analytical instrumentation available then.

For efficient chromatography, the dispersion caused by external instrumentation must be small relativeto the volume of the eluting peaks. One means of ensuring this to be the case, is to increase theeffective peak volumes by increasing the column bore. However, with the improvements ininstrumentation, particularly in the area of miniaturisation, it is now possible to reduce the column boreand still maintain the efficiency of the column. This approach, which is made possible by the lowdispersion characteristics of modern HPLC instrumentation offers the chromatographer a number ofsignificant advantages over the use of conventional 4.6mm diameter columns.

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Capital 3.2mm i.d. and 2.1mm i.d. Columns and Cartridges

Capital HPLC can supply 3.2mm and 2.1mm bore version of all the standard analytical columns inour range and no extra cost. For ordering information, please consult the relevant section and add D3and D2 to the end of the standard column catalogue number in order to specify 3.2mm i.d. and 2.1mmi.d. respectively.

Quality 1mm bore high efficiency columns are available packed with any of the materials and phasesin our range. Those listed below represent only a small selection of the more popular columns. Forcolumns not listed please contact our sales office.

Phase 5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm

Silica 5MA105D1 5MA110D1 5MA115D1 5MA120D1 5MA125D1

C4 5MD105D1 5MD110D1 5MD115D1 5MD120D1 5MD125D1

C8 5MF105D1 5MF110D1 5MF115D1 5MF120D1 5MF125D1

ODS-2 5MG105D1 5MG110D1 5MG115D1 5MG120D1 5MG125D1

Phenyl(Ph) 5MK105D1 5MK110D1 5MK115D1 5MK120D1 5MK125D1

ODS(80Å) 5ML105D1 5ML110D1 5ML115D1 5ML120D1 5ML125D1


Inertpak 1.0mm i.d. Narrow Bore Columns5µm prices only

Phas e 5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm

Si 5AA105D1 5AA110D1 5AA115D1 5AA120D1 5AA125D1

BUTYL(C4) 5AD105D1 5AD110D1 5AD115D1 5AD120D1 5AD125D1

MOS (C8) 5AF105D1 5AF110D1 5AF115D1 5AF120D1 5AF125D1

ODS (C18) 5AG105D1 5AG110D1 5AG115D1 5AG120D1 5AG125D1

Phenyl (Ph) 5AK105D1 5AK110D1 5AK115D1 5AK120D1 5AK125D1

CPS (CN) 5AL105D1 5AL110D1 5AL115D1 5AL120D1 5AL125D1

APS (NH2) 5AM105D1 5AM110D1 5AM115D1 5AM120D1 5AM125D1

BDS C18 5AZ105D1 5AZ110D1 5AZ115D1 5AZ120D1 5AZ125D1

BDS C8 5AY105D1 5AY110D1 5AY115D1 5AY120D1 5AY125D1

SAS (C1) 5AB105D1 5AB110D1 5AB115D1 5AB120D1 5AB125D1

PRICE/£ please call f or prices

Hypersil 1.0mm i.d. Narrow Bore Columns5µm prices only, 3µm also available at 10% extra (please replace the intial 5 with 3 to specify)

Nar

row

Bor

e

Optimal 1.0mm i.d. Narrow Bore Columns5µm prices only, 3µm also available at 10% extra (please replace the intial 5 with 3 to specify)

Phase 5cm 10cm 15cm 20cm 25cm

ODS-H 5SG105D1 5SG110D1 5SG115D1 5SG120D1 5SG125D1

ODS-L 5SH105D1 5SH110D1 5SH115D1 5SH120D1 5SH125D1

Octyl 5SF105D1 5SF110D1 5SF115D1 5SF120D1 5SF125D1

Silica 5SA105D1 5SA110D1 5SA115D1 5SA120D1 5SA125D1


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Conventional Prep-Columnsare similar in design to ourconventional analyticalcolumns and are suppliedwith female geometry fittings,unless otherwise specified.

Preparative HPLC

The Capital HPLCpreparativecartridge system can beconsidered as a preparativescale equivalent of our highlysuccessful UCC analyticalcolumns. Like our analyticalscale UCCs, these columnsare fully fingertight, which is animportant consideration on apreparative scale.

2. Prep-Cartridge System

1. Conventional Prep-Columns

Capital HPLC preparative scale columns are available in both conventional and cartridge formats.Capital HPLCcan supply preparative and semi-preparative scale columns packed with any of thefollowing materials.

•Inertpak •Optimal•Spherisil•Adsorbosphere •Apex •Chromegabond •Exsil •Hypersil •Kromasil •Lichrosorb •Nucleosil •Partisil

•Rosil (or C-Gel) •Synchropak •Techsphere •YMC •Zorbax

Pre

para

tive

Optimal Prep. Columns 10mm and 20mm i.d.

Phase 15cm x 10mm 25cm x 10mm 15cm x 20mm 25cm x 20mm

Silica 5SA115D10 5SA125D10 5SA115D20 5SA125D20

Octyl 5SF1015D10 5SF1025D10 5SF2015D20 5SF2025D20

ODS-H 5SG115D10 5SG125D10 5SG115D20 5SG125D20

ODS-L 5SH115D10 5SH125D10 5SH115D20 5SH125D20

PRICE/£ POA POA POA POA

Phase 15cm x 10mm 25cm x 10mm 15cm x 20mm 25cm x 20mm

Silica 5MA115D10 5MA125D10 5MA115D20 5MA125D20

C4 5MD1015D10 5MD1025D10 5MD2015D20 5MD2025D20

C8 5MF115D10 5MF125D10 5MF115D20 5MF125D20

ODS-2 5MG115D10 5MG125D10 5MG115D20 5MG125D20

PRICE/£ POA POA POA POA

Inertpak Prep. Columns 10mm and 20mm i.d.

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Introduction to Enantiomeric Separations

Chemical species are said to possess the property of chirality if a molecule and its mirror imageof that molecule are distinguishable, i.e., non-superimposable, see figure 1. In such a situationthe molecule and its mirror image are described as enantiomers or stereoisomers. The factthat isolated enantiomers rotate the plane of polarised light has given rise to the expressionoptical isomers. A substance which demonstrates this is often referred to as an optically activecompound.

Unless optical activity is already present in one or more of the any the starting materials, invitro synthetic routes to a compound which may potentially exhibit chirality, generally lead toa mixture of containing equal amounts each enantiomer. Such a mixture is referred to as aracemic mixture or simply a racemate.

A

B

C

D

A

B

C

D

Figure 1Mirror Plane

With the exception of the rotation of plane polarised light, the enantiomers of a givencompound exhibit identical physical properties. For this reason enantiomers cannot beseparated by conventional means such as distillation or simple chromatographic methods.

(CH2)n

(CH2)n

Z

Y

Z

Si

O

Si

O

O

A

C

B

D

Z

Y

X

D

CA

B

Chiral separations are generally accepted to involve a 3-point interaction with a systemcomponent.

Chi

ral H

PLC

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Chi

ral H

PLC

Types of Chiral Phases for HPLC

Type IV

1. NUCLEOSIL CHIRAL-1 (5µm)2. CHIRALPAK WH, WM, WE, (10µm)

Type V

1. CHIRAL AGP (5µm)2. RESOLVOSIL - BSA (7µm)

Since the dependence of the chemical or biological activity of a substance often depends upon it’sstereochemistry, a number of stereoselective separation methods have been developed over the pastfew years. Currently three HPLC separation strategies are in common use for the separation ofenantiomers, these are (1) diastereomer formation, (2) chiral mobile phase additives, and (3) chiralstationary phases (CSPs).

(1) Diastereomer formation is an indirect method in which the sample mixture of enantiomers isreacted with a chiral reagent, to form a pair of diastereomers. The diastereomers possess differentphysicochemical properties and can be separated on conventional columns, which is the majoradvantage to this approach. However, it also has a number of disadvantages, the derivatisationstage can be laborious, display differential reaction rates, requires a pure chiral reagent to avoidthe misleading formation of interfering diastereomeric pairs, also further chemical treatment isnecessary if the starting enantiomers are to be recovered.

(2) The use of chiral mobile phase additives eg. camphorsulphonic acid, and cyclodextrins, are alsopopular as they offer direct separation of enantiomers, via the formation of stable diastereomericcomplexes with the enantiomeric solutes, again on conventional columns. Its disadvantagesinclude that the additive may interfere with detection, might be difficult to remove in the case ofpreparative LC, and can be expensive.

(3) CSP involves the binding of a chiral selector to a support material, usually silica. Transientdiastereomeric complexes are formed (with different stabilities) between the solute enantiomersand the bound chiral selector.

Chiral column technology is a rapidly expanding field in which well over fifty phases are commericallyavailable, with new ones appearing all the time. In 1987 Dr Irving W. Wainer, (1) classified the availablephases into the following five categories according to their chiral recognition mechanisms:

Type I - in which the solute-CSP complexes are formed by mechanisms such as attractiveinteractions, hydrogen bonding, dipole stacking, and pi-pi interactions.

Type II - in which the primary mechanism for the formation of solute-CSP complexes is throughattractive interactions, but where inclusion complexes also play an important role.

Type III - in which the solute enters into chiral cavities within the CSP to form inclusion complexes.

Type IV - in which the solute forms part of a metal diastereomeric complex, also known as chiralligand exchange chromatography.

Type V - in which the CSP is a protein and the solute-CSP complexes are based on combinationsof polar and hydrophobic interactions.

Summary of Chiral Stationary Phases Supplied By Capital HPLC

Type I

1. ChiralCap (R) + (S) DNBPG (3µm)(S) DNBLeu (3µm)

2. BAKERBOND (R) DNBPG (5µm)

Type II

1. CHIRALCEL OA, OB, OC, OD, OF,OG, OJ, OK, CA-1 (10µm)

2. CHIRALPAK AS, AD, (10µm)

Type III

1. Cyclobond I, I (acetylated), II, III, III (acetylated) (5µm)2. CROWNPAK CR (5µm)3. CHIRALPAK OP, OT, (10µm)

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Chi

ral H

PLC

Typ

e I Pirkle Type Phases (Type I)

Syntechnic multiple-interaction chiral bonded phases, or more often known as “ Pirkle Phases” aftertheir inventor, who developed the first commercially available version in 1981. This consisted ofdinitrobenzoyl phenylglycine ionically bound to aminopropylsilica. This large and important class ofchiral stationary phases, arose from the idea that the greater the number of specific, discrete,simultaneous interactions between chiral solute molecules and a chiral locus on the stationary phase,then the greater the likelihood of effective chiral discrimination, and hence chromatographic resolutionof enantiomeric solutes.

Starting from this premise, approximately 100 chiral stationary phases of this type have beendeveloped, each being relatively simple and well defined in structure, containing at least one each ofthree types of functional groups, near the chiral centre.

(i) π-acidic or π-basic aromatic groups, capable of donor-acceptor interaction (charge-transfercomplexation).

(ii) polar hydrogen-bond and/or stacking sites.

(iii) bulky non-polar groups, providing steric repulsion, van der waals interaction, and/or conformationalcontrol.

They have been used to resolve thousands of enantiomeric solutes, often with impressive selectivityand efficiency. Applications of these chiral stationary phases to the solution of synthetic, analytical andbiomedical problems have begun to proliferate.

The following compound classes have been resolved directly on type I chiral stationary phases –alcohols,cyclic amides and imides, carboxylic acids, benzodiazepenones, phthalides, aromaticsulfoxides, phosphine oxides, binaphthols and lactams.

Whereas the following classes of compounds can be separated as either their DNAn (dinitroanilide) orDNB (dinitrobenzoyl) derivatives for π-donor chiral stationary phases

– alcohols, thiols, amines, aminoalcohols, amino acids, and carboxylic acids.

derivatization of secondary amines with arylchloroformates to afford carbamates tends to yield the bestseparations.

Type I chiral stationary phases tend to be used in the normal phase mode, using mobile phases ofhexane, modified with 2-propanol, dichloroethane:ethanol, or tetrahydrofuran. Typically 2-propanol isthe best modifier in terms of enantioselectivity, although the addition of a small amount (0.5-2%) ofacetonitrile to this mobile phase, may improve the observed resolution (RS value) especially for amides(although typically the separation factor (α) will decrease).

Multiple-interaction chiral stationary phases have occasionally been used in the reverse phase mode(2), but where direct comparisons with normal phase mode are possible, enantioselectivity is typicallydiminished.

Advantages of type I chiral stationary phases include their usefulness in preparative scale separations,their high applicability and efficiencies, and for trace analysis the ability to select the (R) or (S)configuration of the chiral stationary phase in which the trace component elutes first, hence increasingsensitivity.

(R) or (S)-N-3,5-dinitrobenzoylphenylglycine(π-acceptor), bonded covalently to3mm aminopropylsilica.

ChiralCap Chiral Phase DNBPG

NO2

NO2

NHC

O

NHO

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Chi

ral H

PLC

Typ

e I

13.8

9.5ANALYTICAL CONDITIONS:

Column: ChiralCap (R)-DNBPG 3µm250 x 4.6mm cartridge

Mobile Phase: 2.5/97.5 = propan-2-ol/hexaneFlow Rate: 2.0 ml,min-1

Detection: UV at 254 nm

Sample: 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-(9-anthryl)ethanol

Selectivity: α = 1,54Efficiency: Nm-1 = 86,900 (for peak 2)

ChiralCap Chiral PhaseDNBLeu

(S)-N-3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-leucine(π-acceptor) bonded convalently to3µm aminopropylsilica.

The DNBLeu stationary phase is not as widely applicable as the DNBPG phase, but often producesbetter separations for example the benzodiazepine class of compounds.

The use of a 3µm base material for the above two CSPs with its inherent higher efficiency (typically 60,000-100,000 plates per metre), results in improved peak shape (hence reducing peak overlap in partiallyresolved separations) and increased sensitivity (see example below).

α = 1.060

ChiralCap (R)-DNBPG 3µm 150 x 4.6mm

t0 (estimated) = 2.25 min

tr1 = 19.93 min k

1 = 7.858

N = 13,900N/m = 93,000

NO2

NO2

NHC

O

NH

CH3

O

CH3

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YMC-PAK K Series

A R(+)-naphthylethylamine (π-donor) polymeric phase, bonded to a 300Å pore silica, as shown below.

The phase can be used to separate racemic mixtures of alcohols, amines, amino alcohols, carbonicacids, and α-hydroxycarbonic acids, but often they will require pre-column derivatization.

Chi

ral H

PLC

Typ

e I

HN CH3

NHO

(CH2)3

Si OH

O

OH

CB

Aa: Phenyl ring gives a high concentration

of π delocalised electrons

b: Urea group allows dipole stacking andhydrogen bonding. As orientation istowards the substrate surface, somesteric hinderance may be encountered.

c: Methyl group gives a hydrophobicinteraction site

Spherisorb Chiral 1

Separation of Derivatised Lactic Acid on aYMC A-KO3 Column

Column: 4.6mm id x 250mmMobile Phase: hexane:MeCl2:Ethanol

70:28:2Flow Rate: 1.0ml/minDetection: UV @ 254nm

Spherisorb Chiral 1

(R)-phenylmethylurea groups covalently bonded to 5µm silica, and results in a π-donor CSP. Thestrength of the π-interaction and the usefulness of the phase maybe enhanced by the introduction ofa 3,5-dinitrobenzene group into the molecule to be separated.

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Chi

ral H

PLC

Typ

e I Ordering Information

Please use the following catalogue numbers when ordering Type I chiral stationary phases. Forprices see our general price list page 17.

Other cartridge and column sizes ranging from 1.0mm microbore to 22.5mm prep-columns, along withglass lined tubes, are available on request.

Stationary Phase Colum n Type Dim ensions Product Price

(mm) Code

ChiralCap (R)-DNBPG (3µm) column 250 x 4.6 1A3125

cartridge 250 x 4.6 1A3325

cartridge 150 x 4.6 1A3315

guard cartridge 20 x 4.6 1A3302

ChiralCap (S)-DNBPG (3µm) column 250 x 4.6 1B3125

cartridge 250 x 4.6 1B3325

cartridge 150 x 4.6 1B3315

guard cartridge 20 x 4.6 1B3302

ChiralCap (S)-DNBLeu (3µm) column 250 x 4.6 1C3125

cartridge 250 x 4.6 1C3325

cartridge 150 x 4.6 1C3315

guard cartridge 20 x 4.6 1C3302

BAKERBOND (R)-DNBPG (5µm) column 250 x 4.6 2A5125

BAKERBOND (S)-DNBLeu (5µm) column 250 x 4.6 2C5125

NUCLEOSIL CHIRAL-2 (5µm) column 250 x 4.6 5L5125

YMC A-KO3 (5µm) column 250 x 4.6 6N5125

Spherisorb Chiral 1 (5µm) column 250 x 4.6 7P5125

cartridge 250 x 4.6 7P5325

cartridge 150 x 4.6 7P5315

guard cartridge 20 x 4.6 7P5302

Spherisorb Chiral 2 (5µm) column 250 x 4.6 7R5125

cartridge 250 x 4.6 7R5325

cartridge 150 x 4.6 7R5315

guard cartridge 20 x 4.6 7R5302

Cartridge Holders for: 250 x 4.6 1Z0425

150 x 4.6 1Z0415

20 x 4.6 1Z0402

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Diacel Chiral Phases

Diacel phases are popular for the enantiomeric separation of various types of chemical species. Theyinclude phases from the Type II, Type III and Type IV chiral phase classifications.

Type II Diacel Phases

These phases are based on modified cellulose (a natural polymer) generally coated onto silica. Theseparations occur due to a multi-mode mechanism involving hydrogen bonding, π−π interactions,dipole stacking and inclusion complexes. The phases contain chiral cavities or ravines which have ahigh affinity for aromatic groups. For separations to occur there must be a tight fit of part of the soluteinto the cavity, and at least one of the substituents on the chiral centre, needs to interact with the stericenvironment just outside the cavity.

Each derivative shows subtly different characteristics, and the series is capable of separating a verywide range of compound classes including aliphatic compounds. Applications are generally forcompounds possessing an aromatic, carbonyl, nitro, sulfinyl, cyano or hydroxyl groups. Compoundscontaining either a carboxylic acid, or amine function at the chiral centre, can be resolved afterderivatization to a neutral compound, typically a benzylamide.

Whilst these stationary phases often have strict limitations on the composition of the mobile phase(check manufacturers literature) it is the main influencing factor on chiral recognition. The typical mobilephase is hexane/2-propanol, although often replacing the latter with ethanol (where permissible), willimprove resolution. These phases have high capacity, and good efficiency, and are suitable forpreparative separations. The use of a guard column is recommended when working with biologicalsamples.

Dia

cel C

hira

l

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ANALYTICAL CONDITIONS:

Column: CHIRALCEL OD 10mm, 250 x 4.6mmEluent: (9:1:0:1) Hexane : propan-2-ol : diethylamineFlow Rate: 1.5ml/minDetection: UV @ 254nmSample: propranolol


(mm) Code

CHIRALCEL OA (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9A1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9A1105

CHIRALCEL OB (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9B1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9B1105

CHIRALCEL OC (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9C1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9C1105

CHIRALCEL OD (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9D1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9D1105

CHIRALCEL OF (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9F1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9F1105

CHIRALCEL OG (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9G1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9G1105

CHIRALCEL OJ (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9J1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9J1105

CHIRALCEL OK (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9K1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9K1105

CHIRALCEL CA-1 (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9L1125

CHIRALPAK AS (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9X1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9X1105

CHIRALPAK AD (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9Y1125

guard column 50 x 4.6 9Y1105

ODH and ODR are also available (see price list)

Please use the following catalogue numbers when ordering Type II chiral stationary phases. Forprices see our general price list page 17-18.

*NH

OH

CH3

CH3O

Dia

cel C

hira

l

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TYPE III Diacel ChiralStationary Phases

These are inclusion type chiral stationary phases, in which the ‘host’ (the chiral stationary phase)includes partially or completely a ‘guest’ (the solute) molecule. For an enantiomeric resolution toooccur, there must be a difference in the stability of the inclusion complexes formed for each isomer ofthe solute.

Synthetic Polymers

Chiral synthetic polymers are designed to mimic or improve upon the success of natural polymers. Thetwo phases available from us, consist of an optically active polymethacrylate (see diagram below)coated onto a 10mm wide pore silica. Chirality is derived only from helicity by inclusion of all or partof the solute into a cavity.

The Structure of CHIRALPAK OT and OP

Solutes must possess an aromatic group, near or at the chiral centre, for an enantiomeric separationto occur. These phases are excellent for separating compounds containing an axis of dissymmetry.

These phases have to be used within fairly strict guidelines, typically hexane/2-propanol, and users arestongly recommended to consult the manufacturers literature. The phases are suitable for preparativeseparations.

Crown Ethers

Crown ethers, at present only one phase is commercialavailable, CROWNPAK CR. It contains a 18-crown-6type chiral crown ether as a chiral selector. Chiralrecognition is achieved when a complex is formed withan ammonium ion, from the analyte.

For an enantiomeric separation to occur, the solutemust have a primary amino group at or near its chiralcentre, such as in amino acids and aminoalcohols.

To date, twenty five amino acids have been separatedin short analysis times (typically under 10 minutes), theone exception is proline which is unresolved. For theCROWNPAK CR(+) column the D-amino acid alwayselutes first.

The mobile phase used is aqueous perchloric acid at pH1.0 to 2.0, at low temperatures (25oC to 0oC). The lowerthe pH and temperature, the longer the solute is retained,and the better the separation. Preparative columns areavailable.

N

Chiralpak OT

Chiralpak OP

OO

R2O

O

OR1

ONR13

Crownpak CRD

iace

l Chi

ral

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Description Type Dim ensions Cat. No. Price / £

CHIRALPAK WH (+) (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9H1125 page 17-18

guard column 50 x 4.6 9H1105 page 17-18

CHIRALPAK WM (+) (10µm) column 250 x 4.6 9M1125 page 17-18

guard column 50 x 4.6 9M1105 page 17-18

CHIRALPAK WE (-) (5µm) column 150 x 4.6 9E1125 page 17-18

guard column 10 x 4.6 9E1105 page 17-18

TYPE IV Diacel ChiralStationary Phases

Chiralpak WH/WM/WE(-)

Composed of an aliphatic spacer arm ending in a modified amino acid that forms a copper complex withthe mobile phase analyte.

The columns are recommended for the separation of the following amino acids.

WE(-) - alanine, glutamine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, proline, valine.

WH - aspartic acid, histidine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, tryptophan,tyrosine, valine.

WM - arginine, isoleucine, lysine.HCl, methionine, Phenylanaline, tryptophan, tyrosine.

Chiralpak WH, WM and WE(-) Ordering Information


CHIRALPAK OP (+) (10mm) column 250 x 4.6 9P1125 page 17-18

guard column 50 x 4.6 9P1105 page 17-18

CHIRALPAK OT (+) (10mm) column 250 x 4.6 9T1125 page 17-18

guard column 50 x 4.6 9T1105 page 17-18

CROWNPAK CR (+) (5mm) column 150 x 4.6 9R5115 page 17-18

guard column 10 x 4.6 9R5101 page 17-18

Chiralpak OP and OT, Crownpak CR(+) Ordering Information

N

R O

O

Cu 2+Chiralpak WH, WM and WE(-)

Silica Gel Surface

Dia

cel C

hira

l

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Cyclobond

The CSPs are prepared by covalently binding cyclodextrins to silica. Cyclodextrins consist of glucoseunits bonded through α-(1,4) linkages forming a truncated cone shaped molecule. They have ahydrophobic cavity, with polar hydroxyl groups round its edges. The size of the cyclodextrin hydrophobiccavity, is dependant on the number of glucose units it contains, as outlined below.

Resolution is mainly dependant on a tight fit of the solute into the cavity, and on the interactions betweenthe solute and the secondary hydroxyls, and not on the extent of inclusion. An outer rim of the hydroxylgroups can be derivatised in a number of ways, eg. acetylated (new phases are becoming available atthe time of writing). These derivatised phases allow chiral interactions to take place, where previouslythe solute would have projected well above the edge of the cyclodextrin.

At present there are a few applications on the a- and g-cyclodextrin phases. Whereas b-cyclodextrinphases have a wide range of chiral applications, some of which are listed below:

βββββ-adrenergic blockers, anticonvulsants, anti-corticosteriods, antihistamides, anti-inflammatories, amino acid derivatives (dansyl, and βββββ-naphthylesters), barbiturates, CNSsimulants, calcium channel blockers,and diuretics.

Most of the above solutes tend to have an aryl and hydrogen bonding groups, near to the chiral centre.

All chiral applications on underivatized cyclodextrins, are in the reverse phase mode, as with non-polareluents they behave similarly to diol phases. Mobile phases typically consist of methanol:water,although buffers like triethylammonium acetate (0.005 to 0.1 M and a pH of 3.0 to 7.0), tend to improveresolution and peak shape. Replacing methanol with acetonitrile, may also have a similar effect.Dramatic improvements in resolution can occur in lowering flow rates from 1.0 to 0.5ml/min.

The use of a pre-column packed either with silica or a C18 material is recommended, especially whenusing buffered mobile phases. Guard columns are also recommended, especially for biologicalapplications. These phases are also very useful for preparative separations.

Cavity Diameter / ÅNumber of

Glucose Units TypeCommercial

Name5.7 6 a - cyclodextrin Cyclobond III7.5 7 b - cyclodextrin Cyclobond I9.5 8 g - cyclodextrin Cyclobond II

Note: Benzene ring diameter = 6.8Å

Cyclobond Ordering InformationFor prices please see price list page 17-18.


Cyclobond I column 250 x 4.6 4F5125 page 17-18

(acetylated) (5µm)

Cyclobond II (5µm) column 250 x 4.6 4G5125 page 17-18

column 100 x 4.6 4G5110 page 17-18

Cyclobond III (5µm) column 250 x 4.6 4H5125 page17-18

column 100 x 4.6 4H5110 page 17-18

Cyclobond III column 250 x 4.6 4J5125 page 17-18

(acetylated) (5µm)

Cyc

lobo

nd

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TYPE V HPLC Chiral Phases

These phases consist of proteins, which are naturally occurring chiral high molecular weight polymers,immobilized on silica. At present, the two most useful chiral protein columns are based on humanα-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and bovine serum albumin (BSA).

The work of Hermansson has lead to the development of two commercially available phases basedon AGP immobilized on silica. The first known as Enantiopac, has now been largely superseded bythe much more stable and versatile CHIRAL AGP phase. Whereas the work of Allenmark, the first tocovalently bind BSA to silica, was used as the basis for the development of the commercially availablephase RESOLVOSIL-BSA.

Due to the complex nature of the proteins utilised, the chiral recognition mechanism is largely unknown,but involves mainly hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, although hydrogen bonding and chargetransfer interactions can play a significant role. Type V HPLC-chiral stationary phases have a wideapplicability in the field of drug bioanalysis, as they undergo stereoselective interactions with a largenumber of pharmacologically active compounds. This is aided by the fact that the phases are usedin reverse phase, and can be used in conjunction with column switching.

RESOLVOSIL-BSA main applications are for hydrophobic molecules and anionic compounds.The solute must contain aromatic and polar moieties, but steric effects play an importantrole.

The standard mobile phase used with RESOVOSIL-BSA, is a phosphate buffer (0.01M to 0.20M) ata pH of 4.5 to 8.0, modified with 1-propanol (0 to 6%). Methanol and acetonitrile should not beused as they denature the protein.

CHIRAL AGP is primarily used to resolve a wide range of enantiomeric cationic molecules,but a number of anionic chiral molecules have been resolved.

The magnitude of the stereochemical resolution is highly dependant on the structure of the solute,but often enantioselectivity can be induced by changing the mobile phase composition.

Mobile phases used with this phase are typically 0.01 M phosphate buffer, at a pH of 3.0 to 7.5,modified with an organic solvent such as methanol, acetonitrile, ethanol, 2-propanol and 1-propanol.

Mobile phase additives such as dimethyloctylamine and octanoic acid have also been employed,but these can be difficult to completely remove.

While type V chiral stationary phases offer high selectivities for a wide variety of enantiomericsolutes, they have a low load capacity which severely limits their usefulness in preparative separa-tions. The use of guard and pre- columns is recommended, especially for biological applications.

Resolvosil-BSA

The protein bovine serum albumin (BSA), is bonded covalently to a 7µm wide pore NUCLEOSILmaterial. This chiral stationary phase has many applications, covering a wide range of compoundclasses, some of which are shown below.

Others include lactams and reduced folates.

Chiral AGP

This is the second generation chiral stationary phase based on the immobilization of the α-acidglycoprotein (AGP) on porous spherical silica. It offers much higher stability, efficiency and capac-ity than its predecessor. It is capable of separating racemic acids, amines and nonprotolytic com-pounds, without derivatization.

Examples of enantiomeric cationic drugs resolved on CHIRAL AGP

Alprenolol Ephedrine OxyphencyclimineBupivicaine Ketamine PhenyramidolCyclopentolate Mepivacaine PindololDimethindene Methadone TropicamideDisopyramide Metoprol Verapamil

Type

V C

hira

l

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(mm) Code

RESOLVOSIL-BSA (7µm) column 150 x 4 5M7115 page 17-18

guard cartridge 30 x 4 5M7303 page 17-18

guard cartridge holder 5Z0403 page 17-18

CHIRAL AGP (5µm) column 100 x 4 3D5110 page 17-18

guard cartridge 10 x 3 3D5301 page 17-18

guard cartridge holder 3Z0401 page 17-18

CHIRAL AGP (5µm) semiprep column 100 x 10 3S5110 page 17-18

CHIRAL MOBILE PHASE ADDITIVES

Many racemic compounds have been separated, on conventional-achiral chromatography systems(TLC, HPLC), by the use of chiral additives in the mobile phase. This approach has the followingadvantages:

1 less expensive conventional phases (eg. C18, NH2) can be used.

2 Chiral additives and their concentration can easily be changed.

3 there is a wide range of possible additives.

4 the selectivity of the additive (with its free orientation) and the immobilised species (with itsmore rigid structure) are sometimes different.

5 the additive does not have to be optically pure, as in the case of chiral derivatization, where itwould lead to false results for enantiomeric purity. The optical purity of the chiral additive willonly affect (α) selectivity.

The two main types of mobile phase additives, are chiral counter ions, and those that forminclusion-complexes (eg. cyclodextrins, crown ethers). When the above are used in combinationthey can lead to significant improvements in selectivity, and also can be used to investigatesimultaneously ionic and non-ionic solutes.

The high cost of many of these additives maybe overcome in part, by the use of microbore columns,which also have the added advantage of increased sensitivity. Capital HPLC Limited supply mostphases in high efficiency narrow bore columns and cartridges, with internal diameters of 2.1 and1.0mm.

Additive Qty Cat. No. Price / £

(1S)-(+)-10-Camphorsulphonic acid (CSA) 100g CMA201(1S)-(+)-10-Camphorsulphonic acid (CSA) 500g CMA202benzoxycarbonyl-glycine-L-proline (ZGP) 5g CMA203alpha - cyclodextrin 25g CMA204alpha - cyclodextrin 100g CMA205beta - cyclodextrin 25g CMA206beta - cyclodextrin 100g CMA207

Chiral Mobile Phase Additives Ordering InformationFor current prices, please consult our price list page 17-18.

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Nucleosil Chiral Columns

Nucleosil Chiral 1

Nucleosil Chiral-1 has been developed to control optical purity and separate optically- activecompounds. This is achieved by ligand exchange in aqueous solvent systems. The stationary phasematrix is Nucleosil 120Å bonded chemically with L-hydroxyproline -Cu2+ complexes. The principalinteraction mode between the solute enantiomers to be separated and the chiral selector is theformation of ternary, mixed-ligand complexes with a transition metal cation, Cu(ll).

This chiral column has been developed for control of optical purity of compounds soluble only inorganic solvents.

Nucleosil Chiral 2 and Chiral 3

The stationary phase matrix is Nucleosil silica, chemically bonded with D-dinitrobenzoylphenylglycinevia a propyl spacer resulting in three chiral centres. This is a 'brush type' phase. Applications includecontrol of optical purity of plant protectives (pesticides), pharmaceuticals and production control inchiral organic synthesis, using nonpolar organic mobile phase.1

The chiral-3 column carries the opposite optical isomeric chiral phase to Nucleosil Chiral-2, i.e., L-dinitrobenzoylphenylglycine. This allows the elution order of a pair of enantiomers to be reversed tothat obtained using Nucleosil Chiral-2 under the same elution conditions.

Nucleosil - Chiral Columns


Chiral I n/a n/a n/a 5K5115 n/a 5K5125Chiral II n/a n/a n/a 5L5115 n/a 5L5125


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END FITTINGS

Description Size Cat No. Price/£

Parker Hannifin

Female Nut 1/16" HA00101/4" HA00203/8" HA00301/2" HA00401" HA0050

Male Nut 1/16" HA0011

Ferrule 1/16" HA00121/4" HA00223/8" HA00321/2" HA00421" HA0052

Female Main Body (ZDV) 1/16" - 1/4" CS100Female Main Body (LDV) 1/16" - 1/4" HA0023

1/16" - 3/8" HA00331/16" - 1/2" HA00431/16" - 1" HA0053

Male Main Body (LDV) 1/16" - 1/4" HA0M23

Complete Assembly Female 1/16" - 1/4" HA0C23(low dead volume) 1/16" - 3/8" HA0C33

1/16" - 1/2" HA0C431/16" - 1" HA0C53

Peek Fitting

Main Body 1/16 - 1/4" HA1023

Ferrules 1/16" HA1012 POA “ 1/4" HA1022 POA

Valco Fittings

Female Nut 1/4" HA2020Male Nut 1/16" HA2011Ferrule 1/16" HA2012 “ 1/4" HA2022Main Body 1/16" - 1/4" HA2023Complete Assembly 1/16" - 1/4" HA2C23

STRAIGHT UNIONS


Parker HannifenFemale 1/16" - 1/16" HA5010Male 1/16" - 1/16" HA5110

1/16" - 1/4" HA51201/16" - 1/8" HA51301/4" - 1/4" HA52201/4" - 3/8" HA5230

T.UNIONS

Description Size Cat No Price/£

1/16" HA60101/4" HA6020

HPLC Accessories

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FRITS AND GAUZESDescription Size Cat No. Price/£

(each)

1mm thick frit with 2um 1/4" HA7020porosity 3/8" HA7030

1/2" HA70401" HA7050

2um porosity gauzes 1/16" HA7011(mesh screens) 1/4" HA7021

3/8" HA70311/2" HA7041

SAMPLE INJECTOR CONNECTORS

Description Geometry Cat No. Price/£

1/16" tubing connects rheodyne valve male HA8001to column top complete with nuts and female HA8002ferrules.

1/16" tubing connects negretti valve male HA8003to column top complete with nuts and female HA8004ferrules.

1/16" tubing cut to size, complete with male-male HA8005ferrules and male or female fittings. female-female HA8006

male-female HA8007

PTFE FERRULESDescription Size Cat No. Price/£

(each)

Ideal for connecting the column outlet 1/16" HA9000to the detector. 1/4" HA9001

3/8" HA9002

COLUMN TAGSFor chromatographers who are inter- pack of 25 HA9003ested in marking their own data on theircolumns

TUBINGCapillary tubing available in one metre lengths. All external diameter are 1/16".

Description Size.ID Cat No. Price/£

Stainless Steel 0.01" HT10110.0016" HT10120.03" HT10130.04" HT1014

PTFE Tubing 0.006" HT10210.012" HT1022

Peek Tubing 0.010" HT10310.020" HT10320.030" HT1033

Column Tubing

Internally polished stainless steel and titanium tubing now available in pre-cut lengths.


SS tubing 1/4" OD 10cm HT20104.6mm ID 15cm HT2015

20cm HT202025cm HT2025100cm HT2100

Titanium 1/4" OD 10cm HT30104.6mm ID 15cm HT3015

20cm HT302025cm HT3025

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The Rheodyne model 7010 syringe loading sample injector is the most popular HPLC injection valve inthe world. It has a built-in needle port which allowsthe sample to be introduced directly. The injectorcan be operated by partialy filling the loop withouthaving to modify the injector in any way. The maximumoperating pressure is 7000psi. Can also be used as aswitching valvue

Cat. No. HT6010 Price See Price List Page 18

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100cm HT3100Stainless Steel 1/4" OD 10cm HT40104.6mm ID 15cm HT4015

20cm HT402025cm HT4025100cm HT4100

Stainless Steel 3/8" OD 10cm HT50104.6mm ID 15cm HT5015

20cm HT502025cm HT5025100cm HT5100

FINGERTIGHT FITTINGS

Fingertight fittings are becoming more and more popular with chromatographers who are seeking a quick versatile methodof connecting columns. We stock two types of fingertight fittings which are particularly suited to our UCC and UFC systems.

Description Cat No Price/£

Two piece handilok fitting with HT60011/16" ID specially knurled togive a good grip. Available inpacks of two.

As above but available in one HT6002piece PEEK which will withstandhigher pressures.

SOLVENT FILTER

When placed in the solvent inlet tubing, this filter will preventunwanted particles from entering HPLC pumps. Made from 316stainless steel, it has a pore size of 2mm and is available for both1/8" and 1/16" inlet tubing

Description Cat No Price/£

Solvent filter 1/8" tubing HT6003Solvent filter 1/16" tubing HT6004

RHEODYNE INJECTOR VALVE - 7010

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Rheodyne Injection Valves

Model No. Description Cat No. Price/£

7125 General purpose injection valve HT60107010 Injector. complete filling method HT60167410 Injector. complete filling method HT60187520 Micro Injector. complete filling method HT60207126 Automatic Injector pneumatically automated HT60227066 Tandem column selector HT60247413 Micro Injector valve HT60267012 Load filter port HT60287067 Tandem enrichment injector HT6030

Rheodyne Accessories

Description Cat No. Price/£

Ferrule HT6032Bushing HT6034Long Bushing HT6036Extra Long Bushing HT603810ul Sample Loop HT604020ul Sample Loop HT604230ul Sample Loop HT604450ul Sample Loop HT6046100ul Sample Loop HT6048200ul Sample Loop HT6050500ul Sample Loop HT60521ml Sample Loop HT60542ml Sample Loop HT6056

Rheodyne/Valco Fixed Needle Syringes

Capacity.ul Order Code Cat No. Price Capacity.ul Order Code Cat. No. Price

10 10A-GT-LC HT7100 10 10A-RLC TH710710 10A-N-LC HT7101 25 25A-RLC TH710825 25A-LC HT7102 50 50A-RLC TH710950 50A-LC HT7103 100 100A-RLC TH7110100 100A-LC HT7104 250 250A-RLC TH7111250 250A-LC HT7105 500 500A-RLC TH7112500 500A-LC HT7106

HPLC SYRINGES

Scientific Glass Engineering (SGE) manufactures a complete range of HPLC syringes forRheodyne, Valco and Waters syringe loading sample valves. To prevent seal damage in the valve,the syringe needles have a dome shaped tip.

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TOOLS FOR HPLC

Terry Tool Tubing Cutter

Ideal for 1/16" and 1/8" glass lined or stainlesssteel tubing. Makes clean right angled cutswith no chipping or burring. Useful formass spec, gas chromatography and HPLCplumbing. Available in two sizes, extra cuttingwheels available.

Description Cat No. Price

1/16" tubing cutter HT71161/8" tubing cutter HT7117Cutting wheels - pack of 3 HT7118

Small Tubing Cutter

Ideal for 1/8" - 1/2" OD tubingCat No. HT7119

Price £

Tube Reamer

Tapered fluted reamer for finishing of cuttubing. Suitable for tubes ranging from 1/8" to1/2" i.d. tubes.

Cat No. HT7120Price £

Spanner Set

Double open end spanners with chrome plated finish. Available in BA, metric and AF.


BA: 0-2, 4-6 and 8-10 HT7121Metric: 0.5-6.0mm 5.5-7.0mm and 8.0-10.0mm HT7122AF: 5/16"-1/4" 7/16"-1/2" and 9/16"-5/8" HT7123

Adjustable Spanners

Available in two sizes, these spanners are made from high quality chrome molybdenum steel, witha knurled adjustment barrel and an angled head.


6" adjustable spanner HT712412" adjustable spanner HT7125

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Please note, the prices of starter kits may vary depending on the actual packing material required.Please contact the sales office in order to confirm prices.

Universal Cartridge Kit Cat. No. UCC-P2003 £As above but narrow bore Cat. No. UCC-N2003 £

The universal cartridge kits consist of:

1 15cm UCC Holder1 10cm UCC Holder1 15cm UCC Insert1 10cm UCC Insert1 Connecting Union1 Guard Column Adapter1 Packed Guard Column1 Hexigrip Spanner Tool1 PTFE Cleaning Tool2 End Fittings (with nuts and ferrules)2 Spare Kel-F End Plugs1 Vial of Test Mixture

Universal Cartridge Column Starter Kits

For those chromatographers wishing a quick and easy change-over to the convenience of UniversalCartridge Columns, we can supply comprehensive starter kits.

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UC

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Connecting Union

Couples two short columns or cartridges together to makea longer column. The main features of the connecting unionare:-

1. It eliminates the need to purchase a longer columnwhich may be too time consuming.

2. Selectivity can be modified by coupling columns withdiffering stationary phases.

Cat No. HT7150

Guard Columns and Guard Column Adapters

A guard column can be used to absor, to a large extent, any contaminants that may be presentin the sample, thus prolonging the active life of the column. Each type of guard column now hasits own unique catalogue number and can be found in the HPLC section (pages7-40)

Guard Column Holder

Suitable for using a single short column for rapidmethod development or for using as a guardcolumn for a conventional HPLC column. Two endfittings will be required for each guard columnholder (see page 51). .

Cat No. HT7151

Guard Column Adapter

The guard column adapter screws directly into the topof the UFC column or UCC cartridge holder. Theguard column is then inserted into the adapter toproduce an on-column guard column with no deadvolume. The guard column adapter accepts 1/4" endfittings and can also be used to extend the length of acartridge holder, e.g. two guard column adaptersadded to a 10cm cartridge holder will make a 15cmcartridge holder. In addition to this, a guard columnadapter and a guard column holder can be coupledtogether to form a suitable holder for a 5cm cartridge.

Cat No. HT7152

Hexigrip Spanner

Slides over the injector end fitting to give an improved gripwhen connecting columns. Suitable for Parker and Swagelok fittings only.

Cat No. HT7153

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1 2 3 4 5

PTFE Cleaning Tool

Small tool used to replace contaminated silica at the top of the column.The tool automatically removes the correct amountof silica to accommodate the end plug, after re-fillingthe column top.

Cat No. HT7154

Price £

Plug Remover

Removes Kel-F plugs without damaging plugs.

Cat No. HT7513.

Price £

Kel-F End Plugs

Made from Kel-F material, these plugs are muchmore robust than the old plugs made from PTFE.Available in packs of four, these plugs contain a twomicron pore frit and can fit both analytical and narrowbore UCCs.Cat No. HT7156 Price £ (4-Pack)

Also available with Titanium Frits Cat No. HT715 Price £

Flexigrip UCC Cartridge Holders

End FittingsWhen ordering end fittings for the cartridge design,we recommend that parker female end fittings be used.Cat No. CS100

Price £

Length Cat No. Price/£

(mm)

50 UCC2-CH05

100 UCC2-CH10

150 UCC2-CH15

200 UCC2-CH20

250 UCC2-CH25

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P.E.E.K. PRODUCTSIn recent years the requirement from chromatography users encouraged us to extend our PEEK (PolyEthyl Ethyl Ketone) range of products. PEEK products exhibit two major advantages over traditionalmaterials..

1. Biocompatability The fact that the entire systems can be made metal free is oftena cosiderable advantage in the analysis of biomolecules.

2 -Robustness In contrast to many other polymer materials PEEK can be used withoutproblems, even at pressures far exceeding those typically used in HPLC.

PEEK HPLC COLUMNS *

Column Catalogue PriceDimensions Number /£

30 x 4.6mm 6617450 x 4.6mm 66175100 x 4.6mm 66176125 x 4.6mm 66180150 x 4.6mm 66177250 x 4.6mm 66178

For the price of packed column with PEEK please add 30% to the packed column prices from thecatalogue.

PEEK FINGER-TIGHT FITTINGS

a) One piece Fingertight fittingb) Two piece Fingertight fitting

Product Catalogue PriceDescription Number £

Peek Fitting (1 piece) 55020Peek Fitting (2 piece) 5570

PEEK COLUMN ADAPTOR

Product Catalogue PriceDescription Number /£

Column Adapter 5100

Advantages:

m Instantly adjusted to any columnm Work with Male or Female Column fittingsm Fingertight Connections

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PEEK UNIONS


Union with 2 Nuts and Double 1061Union without Nuts and Double 61

PEEK COUPLER


Coupler 25502

PEEK GUARD COLUMN


Guard Column 68252

PEEK IN-LINE FILTER


In - Line Filter 68250

mBiocompatiblem Easy to fit

m Connects any 1/16" Tubingm Low Dead Volumem Includes PEEK Fingertight Nuts andDouble Ferrules

m Join two Columnsm Join Column to Guard Columnm Low Dead Volume, Biocompatiblem No Loss of Efficiency.

mStable at High Pressure - 6000 psim Biocompatiblem Replacable Filter Elementm Low Dead Volume

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BIOCOMPATIBLE MOBILE PHASE FILTER


Biocompatible Filter 32170Polymer Replacement Filter 32173

PEEK TUBING

Catalogue o.d. i.d. Colour PriceNumber /inch /mm (£)

5999 1/16" 0.13 RED6000 1/16" 0.17 YELLOW6001 1/16" 0.25 BLUE6002 1/16" 0.50 ORANGE6003 1/16" 0.75 GREEN6004 1/8" 1.60 Natural Striped

6005 1/4" 1/8" Natural Striped

TUBING CUTTER

m Ideal for PEEK, Teflonm Provides clean, square cuts

Description Catalogue No. Price/£

Guillotine Cutter 794Replacement Blade 795

m Replaces Stainless Steel Tubingm Available in 7 dimensionsm Useable at up to 7000 psim Inert and Biocompatable.

m Replaces Stainless Steel Tubingm Available in 7 dimensionsm Useable at up to 7000 psim Inert and Biocompatable.

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PEEK TEES & CROSSES


Peek Tee with one-piece 1030Fingertight Fitting

PEEK Cross with one-Piece 1040 22.00Fingertight Fitting

PEEK TEE 2030 10.50

PEEK CROSS 2040 11.00

One-pieceFingertight Fitting 55020 6.00

PEEK STARTER KIT

The kit contains the following parts:

Description Cat/no Price (£)PEEK KIT 35

PEEK SAMPLE LOOPS(Rheodyne and Beckman Valves)All loops are shipped complete and ready mounting

Description Cat/No Price / £

5ul PEEK Sample Loop, complete 219410ul PEEK Sample Loop, complete 2196 13.5020ul PEEK Sample Loop, complete 2195 13.5050ul PEEK Sample Loop, complete 2202 13.50100ul PEEK Sample Loop, complete 2204 14.50200ul PEEK Sample Loop, complete 2206 21.00500ul PEEK Sample Loop, complete 2210 22.001ml PEEK Sample Loop, complete 2222 29.50Hex Head PEEK Nut, spare 5511 3.50PEEK Single Ferrule 5503 1.70

m PCS PEEK Fingertight - One piecem 4 PCS PEEK Handtight Nutm 4 PCS PEEK Hex Head Nutm 20 PCS PEEK Double Ferrulesm 1 x 3m PEEK Tubing 1/16" x 0.25mmm 1 x 3m PEEK Tubing, 1/16" x 0.50mmm 1 PCS PEEK Unionm 2 PCS Elbow 90 Degreesm 2 PCS Elbow 100 Degreesm 1 PCS PEEK In Line Filter Kitm 1 PCS Clean Cut

m Accepts a wide variety offingertight fittings

m Pressure stable up to10,000psi

m Available with or withoutfingertight fittings

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Sample Preparation

Cap-SepTM solid phase extraction (SPE) tubes and accessories are manufactured by CapitalHPLC Limited. Our range has the highest standards of quality together with an excellent degreeof reproducibility.

To help you in your selection of the solid phase extraction medium most suited to your particlurapplication, please consult the column selection chart below.

To make selection even easier, we can supply a sample preparation R & D Kit which containsten different columns (each 100mg/ml). These columns are SiO

2, C18(HL), C18(LL), C8, C1,

Phenyl, CN, NH2, Carboxylic Acid (COOH), benzoic Acid.

For additional information regarding solid phase extraction kits please contact our sales office.

Content Cat/No Price/£

Cap-SepTM Kit CSK9000

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Medium Type Sorbent Packing Cat/No PriceVol Quantity (£)

Silica SioH 1000mg/6ml 30 SIL-9106 43.00

Diol (COHCOH) 100mg/1ml 100 DOL-9011 75.00Diol (COHCOH) 200mg/3ml 50 DOL-9023 48.00

Diaminopropyl (NH2/NH2) 100mg/1ml 100 DAP-9011 87.00Diaminopropyl (NH2/NH2) 200mg/3ml 50 DAP-9023 65.00

Quaternary Amine SAX 100mg/1ml 100 DOL-9011 87.00Quaternary Amine SAX 200mg/3ml 50 DOL-9023 65.00

Aromatic Sulphonic Acid (Ar-SO3H) 100mg/1ml 100 ASA-9011 89.00Aromatic Sulphonic Acid (Ar-SO3H) 200mg/3m 50 ASA-9023 68.00

Dinitrobenzoic Acid DNBA 100mg/1ml 100 DBA-9011 88.00Dinitrobenzoic Acid DNBA 200mg/3ml 50 DBA-9023 66.00

Carboxylic Acid -COOH 100mg/1ml 100 CBA-9011 88.00Carboxylic Acid -COOH 200mg/3ml 50 CBA-9023 66.00

Propyl Suphonic Acid SCX 100mg/1ml 100 PSA-9011 88.00Propyl Suphonic Acid SCX 200mg/3ml 50 PSA-9023 66.00

Cyclo Hexyl (C6H11) 100mg/1ml 100 CHL-9011 91.00Cyclo Hexyl (C6H11) 200mg/3ml 50 CHL-9023 86.00

Florisil FL 100mg/1ml 100 FLO-9011 72.00Florisil FL 200mg/3ml 50 FLO-9023 83.00

Aluminium Oxide Neutral Al2O3 100mg/1ml 100 AON-9011 88.00Aluminium Oxide Neutral Al2O3 200mg/3ml 50 AON-9023 66.00

Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) 100mg/1ml 100 PAH-9011 83.00Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) 200mg/3ml 50 PAH-9023 77.00Polyamide PA 100mg/1ml 100 PAE-9011 91.00Polyamide PA 200mg/3ml 50 PAE-9023 83.00

WP300(Weak Anion Exchange) WP300WB 100mg/1ml 100 WWA-9011 91.00WP300(Weak Anion Exchange) WP300WB 200mg/3ml 50 WWA-9023 83.00

WP300 (Weak Cation Exchange) WP300WA 100mg/1ml 100 WWC-9011 94.00WP300(Weak Cation Exchange) WP300WA 200mg/3ml 50 WWC-9023 87.00

WP300(Strong Cation Exchange) WP300SA 100mg/1ml 100 WSC-9011 91.00WP300(Strong Cation Exchange) WP300SA 200mg/3ml 50 WSC-9023 83.00

WP C3 WPC3 100mg/1ml 100 WPR-9011 91.00WP C3 WPC3 200mg/3ml 50 WPR-9023 83.00

WP C4 WPC4 100mg/1ml 100 WBU-9011 93.00WP C4 WPC4 200mg/3ml 50 WBU-9023 85.00

WP C18 WPC18 100mg/1ml 100 WOD-9011 91.00WP C18 WPC18 200mg/3ml 50 WOD-9023 83.00

PGC PGC 100mg/1ml 50 PGC-9011 352.00PGC 200 PGC-9023 385.00

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NUCLEOBOND AX P-KITS

Nucleobond AX P-Kits Mass of Plasmidfor the purification of DNA purifiedplasmids. per volume E. CONTENT CAT/NO PRICE

Coli culture. (£)

Nucleobond AX P-Kit 10-1 1-10µg/ 20 Nucleobond AX 20 NAX-9019 56.001-10ml Buffers:S1,S2,S3,N2,N4,N5

Nucleobond AX P-Kit 10-2 1-10µg/ 80 Nucleobond AX 20 NAX-9020 165.001-10ml Buffers:S1,S2,S3,N2,N4,N5

Nucleobond AX P-Kit 100 10-100µg/ 20 Nucleobond AX 100 NAX-9021 75.0020-150ml Buffers:S1,S2,S3,N2,N4,N5



Nucleobond AX COMBI P-Kit 1-500µg/ 10 Nucleobond AX 20 NAX-9024 47.001-500ml 2 Nucleobond AX 100

10 Nucleobond AX 500Buffers:S1,S2,S3,N2,N4,N5

ACCESSORIES FOR NUCLEOBOND SERIES

Additional Equipment Use Cat/No Price(£)

Nucleobond Rack Rack for simultaneous handling of multi NAX-9025 36.00samples with Nucleobond AX5 or AX 20.

Nucleobond Support Support for simultaneous handling of multi NAX-9026 P.O.A.AX100, AX500 and AX2000.

Nucleobond Adapter These adapters are provided with each kit NAX-9027 7.00 or packing unit of cartridges. Additional adapters may be necessary in special cases.

Vacuum Station 12N Used for Max 12 cartridges of AX100 or Max 8 NAX-9028 540.00cartridges AX500/AX2000.

Vacuum Station 24N Used for Max 24 cartridges of AX100 or Max NAX-9029 694.0010 cartridges AX500/AX200.

KITS AVAILABLE FOR NUCLEIC ACID ANALYSIS

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Filter MembraneType Colour Housing Pore Material Membrane Cat. Pack Pack Pack

Code Material Dia. Dia. No. 10 50 100um um (£) (£) (£)

A-20/25 Blue PP 0.2 MV 25 CFF-9030A-45/25 Yellow PP 0.45 MV 25 CFF-9031

RECOMMENDED FOR FILTERATION OF MEDIUM POLAR SAMPLE SOLUTIONS



AO-20/25 L/Blue PP 0.2 PA 25 CFF-9032AO-45/25 L/Green PP 0.45 PA 25 CFF-9033AO-20/25 Beige PA66 0.2 PA 3 CFF-9034AO-45/25 Beige PA66 0.45 PA 3 CFF-9035

RECOMMENDED FOR FILTERATION OF NON POLAR SAMPLE SOLUTIONS



0-20/25 Green PP 0.2 PTFE 25 CFF-9036O-45/25 White PP 0.45 PTFE 25 CFF-90370-20/15* White PP 0.2 PTFE 15 CFF-9038O-45/15* White PP 0.45 PTFE 15 CFF-90390-20/3 Blue PP 0.2 PTFE 3 CFF-9040O-45/3 Yellow PP 0.45 PTFE 3 CFF-9041

6ml disposable syringes with Luer Tip CFF-9042(for use with above filters)

* Filter Exit Small Spike.

Symbols Used

PTFE : Polytetra fluoroethylenePP : PolypropyleneMV : Cellulose mixed esterPA : Polyamide (Nylon 66)+ : Resistant- : Not ResistantO : Limited Resistantn.t. : Not tested

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Sample Filters

Colour coding may vary from that listed below.



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Prime Fast Flow LC Columns

For Analysis of Drugs in Serum and Plasma

In pharmacokinetics, the HPLC analysis of compounds of interest in blood and serum matrices, isusually proceeded by a time consuming solid phase extraction step. This often involves evaporationand reconstitution before application of the sample to the HPLC column.

When using mass spectroscopic detection there is no longer the need for very high resolution of thecompound of interest from the endogenous compounds. Hence, the use of course material fast flow

columns is an ideal sample clean up solution.

Flow rates of 4ml per minute in a 1mm bore column ensure extremely short analysis times.

Samples can be analysed in approximately 1minute with no solid phase extraction step.

Cat. No. Description Price / £

50ZT105D1 5cm C18 Prime Column 1mm i.d. 50um page 19

50ZT105C3 5cm C18 Prime Column 0.5mm i.d. 50um page 19

50ZT105C6 5cm C18 Prime Column 0.32mm i.d. 50um page 19

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Capital HPLC Solvent Saver

This convenient, microprocessor controlled solvent saver is an ideal accessory in any analyticallaboratory concerned with solvent costs and solvent disposal costs. This easy to use device can soonpay for itself through savings in solvent costs alone.

The internal memory can store up to 10 analytical methods which allows the operator to opimise theefficiency of the device for each chromatographic method. Cat. No. HR21010 (see price list p19)

Mobile Phase Level Minder

The convenient device avoids the possibility of ever having to clean up because of an overflowingHPLC waste bottle. The Level Minder automatically alerts the chromatographer both audibly andvisibly when the waste bottle level is approaching full.

In this way, messy and dangerous spills can beeasily avoided. The Level Minder sits on top ofthe waste bottle with an inert float inside the neckof the bottle.

If the waste solvent is below the level of the float,the LED indicator on the Level Minder shows'green' indicating the it is functioning correctlyand that the solvent level is OK.

Whenever the float senses that the level hasreached the critical value, the float's movementtriggers a flashing red LED and sounds anaudible alarm.

Two AA batteries are included which will providefor several months of operation.

Cat No. HR21015 (see price list page 19)

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4 Channel Degasser

Degassing the mobile phase is an essentialpart of good chromatography practice andensures that the system operates at thegreatest stability and sensitivity. Removal ofthe dissolved gases improves both detectorand pump performance.

The Capital HPLC degasser unit requires NOhelium cylinders and is virtually maintenancefree. It allows four channels to be degassedsimultaneously and is suitable for eitherisocratic or gradient operation. It providescontinuous on-line degassing which ensuresthat dissolved oxygen levels are kept to anabsolute minimum (0.5ppm at flows of up to2ml/min). The 4 channel degasser is easilyinstalled in less than a few minutes and canbe used with all LC systems.

Cat. No. HR21025 (see price list page 19)

Back Pressure Regulator

This convenient back pressure regulator can befitted to outlet of the detector flow cell in orderto provide a small but constant back pressurein the cell. This prevents the release of dissolvedgases and increases baseline stability.

Cat. No. HR21048 (see price list page 19)

Deuterium Lamps for UV Detectors

Capital HPLC Limited can supply deuteriumlamps for the most popular UV detectors usedin HPLC. Please contact our sales office withfull details of the make and model number ofthe detector in question.

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CE Capillaries

Electrical Double Layer - Origin of Electro-Osmotic Flow (EOF)

The capillaries used in CE and relatedtechniques are, almost invariably, made fromdrawn fused silica externally coated withpolyimide for strength and mechanicalstability. They normally have no coating ontheir internal walls. However, certainsubstances can be bonded to the innersurface, either to eliminate sample - wallinteractions or to modify the magnitude ordirection of the electro-osmotic flow.

Bare Silica Capillaries

The capillary inner wall has a large numberof surface silanol groups which, when incontact with an electrolyte solution, dissociateleading to a negative charge on the capillarywall. Consequently, in order to preserveoverall electrical neutrality, there must be anexcess of cations in the electrolyteimmediately adjacent to the inner surface (seediagram below). When a voltage is applied,these cations migrate in the direction of thecathode and in so doing exert a force on thesurrounding fluid causing it to flow in the samedirection. This electrically induced flow isknown as electro-osmotic flow (usually

abbreviated EOF). In bare silica capillaries,i.e., uncoated silica, the electro-osmotic flowis high when the electrolyte pH is greater than6 and effectively drops to zero for pH valuesof 3 or less.

For reproducible analyses, it is important thatthe surface density of free silanol groupsremains constant from one analysis to thenext. For this reason, the capillary is oftenrinsed between injections with sodiumhydroxide solution (or alternatively a strongacid) followed by further rinsing with the runbuffer.

For coated capillaries, the rinsing proceduresare generally less harsh in order to avoid thepossibility of stripping off the inner coating ofthe capillary.

In order to obtain a consistent EOF, newuncoated capillaries are flushed with 0.1MNaOH solution for 20 minutes prior to theirinitial use. This procedure is carried in orderto reactivate the surface silanols. Theprocedure must not be carried out with wallcoated capillaries.

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Capillary Regeneration

Si Si

O

Si Si

O

NaOH for20 minutes

Si Si Si SiSi Si Si Si

OH OH OH OH O- O- O- O-High pH

Low pH

Coated Capillaries

The nature of the inner wall of the capillarycan be modified by the covalent bonding ofappropriate substances. This may generatea neutral or a charged surface layer.

Neutral Coatings

Neutral capillaries are used either to reduceanalyte adsorption or in situations where it isconsidered desirable to eliminate EOF.Usually, the capillaries are covalently coatedwith polymers such as celluloses orpolyacrylamide. These types of coatingscompletely eliminate EOF. Prior to the bondingprocedure, the silica surface is normallyderivatised with an alkyl silane.

Charged Coatings

The capillaries can be coated either with apositive or negatively charged substance inorder to manipulate both the direction and themagnitude of the EOF and/or to reduceanalyte adsorption. For example, polyaminecoated capillaries produce a highly positivecharged surface which generates, in contrastto the usual situation, a substantial EOFtowards the anode. The positive charge onthe surface repels positively charged basiccompounds and their tendency to adsorb inthe surface is considerable reduced.

Alternatively, the capillary can be treated togive an increased negative charge on the

surface relative to an uncoated capillary. Thisincrease in EOF can be useful in significantlyreducing analysis times.

In uncoated capillaries the EOF is stronglydependent on the buffer pH and is not presentat all at low pHs. This makes it impossible,for example, to carry out micellar work a lowpH values. Moreover, small pH changes inthe pH range 4-6 result in relatively largechanges in electro-osmotic flow which can bea problem in terms of repeatability andprecision of a method. However, if thecapillary coating is fully ionised over a widepH range, the EOF rate is then largelyindependent of the pH (pH independentcapillary). For example, the pH independentcapillary, allows the use of SDS based MECCat lower pH values than those normally used.Low pH MECC is a particularly usefultechnique for the analysis of acidic soluteswhich at high pH are negatively charged andare therefore repelled from the negativelycharged micelle.

Controlled manipulation of the surface chargedensity on the pH independent coating allowsa tight control of the EOF obtained for thecapillary. For example, a medium chargedensity produces a moderate EOF rate(medium flow capillary) whilst a low level ofcoating generates a low EOF (low flowcapillary).

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EKT Prepared Bare Silica CapillariesBare Silica Capillaries

EKT uncoated CE capillaries are made fromhigh quality drawn fused silica with a highdegree of UV transparency. All EKT capillarieshave an outer diameter of 375µm and areavailable with internal diameters of 50µm and75µm.

For convenience of handling and easyinstallation, the majority of CE instruments usea cartridge which houses the coiled capillary.In most cases there are a number of standardlengths for each instrument type. Thesestandard lengths are given by the way in whichthe capillary is coiled, i.e., each lengthincrement should be a multiple of the coilcircumference. Capillary lengths are typically25-75cm. Longer length capillaries, i.e.,100cm or more are sometimes used forspecial applications such as the interfacingof commercial CE instruments with a massspectrometer.

The injection end of the capillary should becleanly cut to give a flat surface. Poorly cutcapillaries can lead to loose polyimide coatingand a cracked or shattered fused silica edgewhich will lead to tailing peaks, sample carry-over and a reduction in peak area precision.It is therefore of considerable benefit for theCE user to obtain expertly preparedcapillaries. Electrokinetic Technologiesprepared capillaries are cut to a high degreeof precision with the UV detection windowaccurately prepared and positioned. A smalllength of the polyimide coating is alsoremoved from the injection end in order toimprove sample introduction precision.

Electrokinetic Technologies can also supplyprepared capillaries in non standard lengths.For customers who wish to supply their owncapillaries, we offer a precision preparationservice (please contact our sales office fordetails).

Capillary Replacement

After the polyimide coating is removed to formthe detection window, the exposed fused silicabecomes extremely fragile and should besubjected to minimal handling. Many userswill have experienced the frustration ofbreaking the capillary whilst fitting it into thecartridge unit. In order to overcome thisproblem, Electrokinetic Technologies cansupply prepared capillaries already fitted inthe cartridge and correctly aligned with the

detection aperture. The exact alignment of thecapillary detection window with the cartridgedetection aperture is essential in order toensure maximum UV sensitivity.

Electro-Kinetic Technologies offer a capillaryreplacement service for all popular cartridgeformats such as Hewlett-Packard, Beckman,and TSP. For other instrument formats pleasecontact our sales office..

Prepared Bare Silica Capillaries - Open Form

Cat. No. Description Price / item Pack of 3

EKA1125 0-35cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare surface) 75µmEKA1150 40-65cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare surface) 75µmEKA1175 70-100cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare surface) 75µmEKB1125 0-35cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare surface) 50µmEKB1150 40-65cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare surface) 50µmEKB1175 70-100cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare surface) 50µm

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Prepared Bare Silica Capillaries - Fitted to Beckman Cartridge

Prepared Bare Silica Capillaries - Fitted to HP Cartridge


EKA1325 HP - 25cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 75µmEKA1350 HP - 50cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 75µmEKA1375 HP - 75cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 75µmEKB1325 HP - 25cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 50µmEKB1350 HP - 50cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 50µmEKB1375 HP - 75cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 50µm

Prepared Bare Silica Capillaries - Fitted to TSP Cartridge


EKA1225 Beckman - 25cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 75µmEKA1250 Beckman - 50cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 75µmEKA1275 Beckman - 75cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 75µmEKB1225 Beckman - 25cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 50µmEKB1250 Beckman - 50cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 50µmEKB1275 Beckman - 75cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 50µm


EKA1425 TSP - 25cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 75µmEKA1450 TSP - 50cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 75µmEKA1475 TSP - 75cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 75µmEKB1425 TSP - 25cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 50µmEKB1450 TSP - 50cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 50µmEKB1475 TSP - 75cm Fused Silica Capillary (bare) 50µm

In a vacuum, an ion in an electric field will continue to accelerate until it leaves the field. However, in afluid medium it will experience an opposing viscous resistance increasing with increasing velocity.

Symbols:

E = Field,η = fluid viscositya = effective radiusu = velocityq = charge on ion

The accelerating force (F) is given by, The viscous resistance (f) is

A constant velocity is obtained when f = -F which, combining the above expression leads to the following,

The above bracked quantity is referred to as the electrophoretic mobility(µep) of the ion. The migration

speed (u) depends on the charge (q) and the effective radius (a). .

u = ( q / 6π η a ) E or u = µep

E

Ion Migration

F = q E f = -6π η a u

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NaAMPS Coated Capillaries

In collaboration with Chemical Solutions inthe USA, Electro-Kinetic Technologies haveintroduced a unique anionic capillary coatingbased on a stable polymer incorporatingsulphonic acid functional groups (abbreviatedas NaAMPS). This has made possible thedevelopment of a range of capillaries withdifferent, but pH independent EOF rates. Zeroflow capillaries are also available.

NaAMPS capillaries are manufactured underthe strictest GMP/GLP conditions in order toensure reliability and excellent batch to batchreproducibility.

In contrast to most other coating materials,NaAMPS coated capillaries are extremelystable and have a considerably long lifetime.

This polymeric coating with surface sulphonicacid groups (NaAMPS coating) has, unlikebare silica, a clearly defined pKa value. Thesurface is therefore fully ionised over a widepH range. The leads to a reasonably constantEOF over the same pH range.

The figure below shows the comparative EOFrates on bare silica and an EKT capillary withNaAMPS coating.

Benefits of NaAMPS Coated Capillaries

µµµµ µ eo /

10-8

m2 V

-1 s

-1

5

From the diagram below, it is clear that in the case of bare silica, small variations inpH can lead to quite significant changes in electro-osmotic flow.

r Decreased Sample - Wall Interactions

r pH Independent Electro-Osmotic Flow

r Adjustable Electro-Osmotic Flow

r Reproducable Manufacturing Process

r Good Stability and Lifetime

Effect of pH on EOF for Bare Silica Compared to NaAMPS Coated Silica

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Acidic Compounds onBare Silica

Analytes

1. Methyl Phenol (marker),2. 2-naphthalenesulphonic Acid,3. Benzenesulphonic Acid

Time / mins

Time / mins

Acidic Compounds onNaAMPS Coated Silica

pH = 4.0

pH = 8.7

pH = 8.7

pH = 4.0

At pH 8.7 the EOF carries the analytestowards the detector despite their ownmotion in the opposing direction. At pH4.0 the EOF is no longer strong enoughand the acidic sample now migrate inthe opposite direction.

Analytes

1. Methyl Phenol (marker),2. 2-naphthalenesulphonic Acid,3. Benzenesulphonic Acid

The use of NaAMPS coatedcapillaries shows that the separationis very stable to changes in pH whichensures greater method ruggedness.

When developing methods for bare silica CEby varying the buffer pH, it can becomeconfusing as changes in pH alter both theanaltye electrophoretic mobility and the EOF.

The use of NaAMPS coated capillaries allowsthe user to easily assess the effect the changeof pH has on the selectivity for their sampleswithout the inconvenience of EOF changes.

NaAMPS capillaries are available from EKTwith 3 different surface charge densities whichenable the user to choose which degree ofelectro-osmotic flow is required.

NaAMPS Capillary Types

High FlowWhere a high electro-osmotic flow is requiredover a large pH range.

Medium FlowMedium density surface charge, produces amoderate electro-osmotic flow

Low FlowGenerates a low EOF and is particularly usefulfor isoelectric focussing avoiding the needfor complex and costly additives

In addition to the above NaAMPS coated capillaries. Electro-Kinetic Techologies also offer apolyacrylamide coated zero flow capillary for use in applications where it is desirable to have zeroEOF and/or a neutral surface (see page 93).

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NaAMPS Coated Capillaries (continued)

The use of NaAMPS coated capillaries has the following implications for CE and MECC methoddevelopment.

Cat. N o. Description Price / item Pack of 3

EKE1125 0-35cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKE1150 35-65cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKE1175 70-100cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKF1125 0-35cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µmEKF1150 35-65cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µmEKF1175 75-100cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µm

Open Format Please specify both effective length and total length when ordering.

The Use of NaAMPS Coated Capillaries in Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography

With NaAMPS coatedcapillaries, pH becomes amuch more useful variablein MECC.

q Improves separation efficiency for biomolecules

q Use pH to adjust selectivity without affecting EOF

q Ideal for chiral separations

q Operate MECC over a wide pH range


Low Flow NaAMPS Coated Capillaries

The open format capillaries are supplied precut to the required size with the UV windowcorrectly positioned to fit the specific instrument manufacturer's cartridge system. The capillaryends are expertly cut to ensure precise sampling.

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Beckman Format Total length is nominal length plus 7cm after detection window.

HP Format capillary fitted to Hewlett-Packard Cartridge

TSP Format Capillary Fitted to TSP Cartridge

Low Flow NaAMPS Coated Capillaries - Cartridge Refit Service


EKE1225 Beckman - 20cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKE1250 Beckman - 50cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKE1275 Beckman - 70cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKF1225 Beckman - 20cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µmEKF1250 Beckman - 50cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µmEKF1275 Beckman - 70cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µm


EKE1325 HP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKE1350 HP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKE1375 HP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKF1325 HP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µmEKF1350 HP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µmEKF1375 HP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µm


EKE1425 TSP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKE1450 TSP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKE1475 TSP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 75µmEKF1425 TSP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µmEKF1450 TSP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µmEKF1475 TSP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Low Flow) 50µm

Efficiency in CE and MECC

In the ideal case, band broadening in CE and MECC is dominated by axial diffusion, thus, by analogy withchromatograpy the plate height H is given by,

H = 2Dm / u

The plate number N is the length (L) divided by plate height (H),

N = V µep

/ 2Dm

The analysis time (t) is the length (L) divided by the velocity (u), thus,

(where u = E µep

or V µep

/ L )

t = L2 / V µep

Typical values N = > 500,000, Applied Voltage = 30,000V, L = 25-70cm, t = 2 - 30 minutes

Symbols:

E = field,u = velocityµep = mobilityL = capillary lengthDm = diffusion coefficentV = applied voltage

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High Flow NaAMPS Coated Capillaries


TSP Format Capillary fitted to TSP cartridge.


EKI1425 TSP - 25cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKI1450 TSP - 50cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKI1475 TSP - 75cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKJ1425 TSP - 25cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µmEKJ1450 TSP - 50cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µmEKJ1475 TSP - 75cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µm


EKI1125 0-35cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKI1150 35-65cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKI1175 70-100cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKJ1125 0-35cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µmEKJ1150 35-65cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µmEKJ1175 75-100cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µm

High Flow NaAMPS Open Format Please specify both effective length and total lengthwhen ordering.


High Flow NaAMPS Coated Capillaries - Cartridge Refit Service


EKI1225 Beckman - 20cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKI1250 Beckman - 50cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKI1275 Beckman - 70cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKJ1225 Beckman - 20cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µmEKJ1250 Beckman - 50cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µmEKJ1275 Beckman - 70cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µm

HP Format Capillary fitted to Hewlett-Packard Cartridge


EKI1325 HP - 25cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKI1350 HP - 50cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKI1375 HP - 75cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 75µmEKJ1325 HP - 25cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µmEKJ1350 HP - 50cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µmEKJ1375 HP - 75cm Coated Capillary (High Flow) 50µm

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Medium Flow NaAMPS Coated Capillaries


TSP Format Capillary fitted to TSP cartridge


EKG1425 TSP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 75µmEKG1450 TSP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 75µmEKG1475 TSP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 75µmEKH1425 TSP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 50µmEKH1450 TSP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 50µmEKH1475 TSP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 50µm


EKG1125 0-35cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 75µmEKG1150 35-65cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 75µmEKG1175 70-100cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 75µmEKH1125 0-35cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 50µmEKH1150 35-65cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 50µmEKH1175 75-100cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 50µm

Medium Flow NaAMPS Open Format Please specify both effective length and total lengthwhen ordering.

Medium Flow NaAMPS Coated Capillaries - Cartridge Refit Service



EKG1225 Beckman - 20cm Coated Capillary (Medium) 75µmEKG1250 Beckman - 50cm Coated Capillary (Medium) 75µmEKG1275 Beckman - 70cm Coated Capillary (Medium) 75µmEKH1225 Beckman - 20cm Coated Capillary (Medium) 50µmEKH1250 Beckman - 50cm Coated Capillary (Medium) 50µmEKH1275 Beckman - 70cm Coated Capillary (Medium) 50µm

HP Format Capillary fitted to Hewlett-Packard Cartridge


EKG1325 HP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 75µmEKG1350 HP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 75µmEKG1375 HP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 75µmEKH1325 HP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 50µmEKH1350 HP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 50µmEKH1375 HP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Medium Flow) 50µm

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Zero Flow Coated Capillaries



EKC1125 25cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKC1150 50cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKC1175 75cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKD1125 25cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µmEKD1150 50cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µmEKD1175 75cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µm

Zero Flow Coated Capillaries - Cartridge Refit Service



EKC1225 Beckman - 25cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKC1250 Beckman - 50cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKC1275 Beckman - 75cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKD1225 Beckman - 25cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µmEKD1250 Beckman - 50cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µmEKD1275 Beckman - 75cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µm

HP Format Capillary fitted to Hewlett-Packard cartridge


EKC1325 HP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKC1350 HP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKC1375 HP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKD1325 HP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µmEKD1350 HP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µmEKD1375 HP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µm

TSP Format capillary fitted to TSP cartridge


EKC1425 TSP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKC1450 TSP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKC1475 TSP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 75µmEKD1425 TSP - 25cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µmEKD1450 TSP - 50cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µmEKD1475 TSP - 75cm Coated Capillary (Zero Flow) 50µm

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Improved Peaks shapes for Basic Proteins

Anodic Flow Capillaries

From the earliest days of CE, it wasrealised that the poor peak shapeswhich were frequently observed withbases and biomolecules were mainlythe result of interaction between theanalyte and the capillary walls. Oftenprotein separations were carried out athigh pH well above their isoelectricpoints in order that the wall and theanalyte were both negatively charged.Although effective for someseparations, this approach effectivelyremoves choice of pH as a separationvariable.

In order to overcome this, EKT anodicflow capillaries have a permanentpositive charge built into the polymercoating. This permits the separation ofbases and basic proteins over a widerpH range (see application) below.

Due to the presence of the fixedpositive charges the EOF is in theopposite direction to that of bare silica.(see opposite).

The separation of the basic proteinsshown in the example below wouldnormally have to be carried out atalkaline pH values in order to try andensure that the proteins and thecapillary wall would be negativelycharged.

The example below illustrates the possibilities of using EKT anodic flow capillaries for the analysis ofproteins at acid pH values. Not only does the use of anodic flow capillaries, as opposed to bare silicacapillaries, result in a vastly improved peak shape, but the elution order of the components lysozyme,cytochrome C, myoglobin and ribonuclease A is completely reversed.

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Anodic Flow Coated Capillaries



EKK1125 25cm Coated Capillary (Anodic Flow) 75µmEKK1150 50cm Coated Capillary (Anodic Flow) 75µmEKK1175 75cm Coated Capillary (Anodic Flow) 75µmEKL1125 25cm Coated Capillary (Anodic Flow) 50µmEKL1150 50cm Coated Capillary (Anodic Flow) 50µmEKL1175 75cm Coated Capillary (Anodic Flow) 50µm

Anodic Flow Coated Capillaries - Cartridge Refit Service


HP Format Capillary fitted to Hewlett-Packard cartridge

TSP Format capillary fitted to TSP cartridge


EKK1325 HP - 20cm Anodic Flow 75µmEKK1350 HP - 50cm Anodic Flow 75µmEKK1375 HP - 70cm Anodic Flow 75µmEKL1125 HP - 20cm Anodic Flow 50µmEKL1150 HP - 50cm Anodic Flow 50µmEKL1175 HP - 70cm Anodic Flow 50µm


EKK1425 TSP - 20cm Anodic Flow 75µmEKK1450 TSP - 50cm Anodic Flow 75µmEKK1475 TSP - 70cm Anodic Flow 75µmEKL1125 TSP - 20cm Anodic Flow 50µmEKL1150 TSP - 50cm Anodic Flow 50µmEKL1175 TSP - 70cm Anodic Flow 50µm


EKK1225 Beckman 20cm Anodic Flow 75µmEKK1250 Beckman 50cm Anodic Flow 75µmEKK1275 Beckman 70cm Anodic Flow 75µmEKL1125 Beckman 20cm Anodic Flow 50µmEKL1150 Beckman 50cm Anodic Flow 50µmEKL1175 Beckman 70cm Anodic Flow 50µm

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CyclodextrinsThese macrocyclic carbohydrate compoundsare widely used as buffer additives to obtainchiral separations in CE. However, the canalso be used to adjust the selectivity in non-chiral applications. There are three naturallyoccurring forms, α, β and γ which have 6, 7and 8 glucose units respectively. The structureof β-cyclodextrin is shown below. The hydroxylunits on the top of the cyclodextrin are chirallypositioned and have different interactions withsolute enantiomers when they are includedinto the cyclodextrin cavities. The hydroxylgroups can be chemically derivatised to givea range of neutral and ionic derivatives whichgive different chiral separations and are morewater soluble that the naturally occurring

forms.

Neutral cyclodextrin derivatives mostfrequently used in CE are:

q dimethyl-cyclodextrinq trimethyl-cyclodextrinq hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin

The most commonly used ionic forms are

q cyclodextrin sulphonic acidq carboxymethyl-cyclodextrinq amino-cyclodextrin

Structure of βββββ-cyclodextrin Schematic Representation

The shape of cyclodextrins is oftenrepresented as a cone shaped cavity asshown below.

Chiral cavity allowsselective formation ofinclusion complexes

In order to obtain high efficiency separations it is necessary that the cyclodextrins used asCE additives are extremely pure.

Electrokinetic technologies offers a wide range of both natural and derivatised cyclodextrinsat CE grade purity. In addition to the cyclodextrins listed below, other derivatives are availableon request. Please contact our sales office for details.

The cyclodextrins form inclusion complexes with the different enantiomers which results in a chiral separationbeing obtained. A range of different sized and chemically modified cyclodextrins are used to obtain therequired chiral separation.

Ad+ Ad+

Ad+

Ad+

A l+

Ad+

Ad+Ad+

Ad+

A l+ A l+

A l+

A l+

A l+

A l+

Separation Mechanism

Cyc

lode

xtri

ns

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Cat. No. Description Quantity Price / £

EKT522 α-cyclodextrin 99% 5gEKT523 α--cyclodextrin 99% 25gEKT524 β-cyclodextrin 99% 5gEKT525 β-cyclodextrin 99% 25gEKT526 γ-cyclodextrin 99% 1gEKT527 γ-cyclodextrin 99% 5g


EKT528 β-dimethyl cyclodextrin 1gEKT529 β-dimethyl cyclodextrin 5gEKT530 β-trimethyl cyclodextrin 1gEKT531 β-trimethyl cyclodextrin 5gEKT532 β-2-hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin 1gEKT533 β-2-hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin 5g


EKT534 β-cyclodextrin phosphate 1gEKT535 β-cyclodextrin phosphate 2.5gEKT536 β-carboxy methyl cyclodextrin 1gEKT537 β-carboxy methyl cyclodextrin 5gEKT538 β-amino cyclodextrin 1gEKT539 β-amino cyclodextrin 5g

Natural Cyclodextrins

Modified Neutral Cyclodextrins

Ionic Modified Cyclodextrins

Cyclodextrins (continued)

EKT Cyclodextrins

EKT has a full range of many types ofcylclodextrins too numerous to list in full.If the cyclodextrin you require is not listedbelow please contact our technical salesoffice.

0.1g each of α, β and γ cyclodextrins0.1g methyl-β−cylcodextrin0.1g 2-hydroxypropyl-β−cyclodextrin0.1g caboxymethyl-β−cyclodextrin0.1g monoamino-β−cyclodextrin

Cat. No. EKT540 £ 275.00

Cyclodextrin Starter Kit

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Buffer Preparation Reagents

0.1M Sodium Hydroxide

This reagent is widely used to rinse uncoated capillariesbetween injections in order to remove any adsorbedcontaminants, which may otherwise cause variations inEOF, from the fused silica surface. The reagent is alsoused in order to reactivate uncoated fused silica capillariesbefore their initial use.

200mM Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS)

This solution is generally added to high pH (pH 7-10) buffersto form the micelles necessary for Micellar ElectrokineticCapillary Chromatography (MECC). The CE basedseparation of electrically neutral compounds is generallyachieved using this technique.

100mM NaH2PO4 Phosphate Buffer adjusted to pH 2.5

This is a standard buffer for the separation of basiccompounds. It has, for example, been used for thesimultaneous resolution of 17 basic drugs. For theresolution of basic chiral compounds, such aspharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, cyclodextrins can beadded to this buffer.

100mM Triethanolamine-Phosphoric Acid adjustedto pH 2.5

This is a useful alternative to pH 2.5 phosphate buffer forthe separation of basic compounds. Compared with thestandard phosphate buffer it can often give improved peakshape and resolution. Highly efficiency chiral separationsof basic compounds can be achieved by the addition ofcyclodextrins to this buffer.

100mM Phosphate Buffer adjusted to pH 7( 50mm NaH2PO4 / 50mm Na2HPO4 )

This medium pH buffer is useful for the separation of awide range of acidic compounds including agrochemicals,drugs and vitamins. It can be used in conjunction with the100mM SDS solution (EKT513) to produce a medium pHmicellar buffer.

100mM Borax (100mM Sodium Tetraborate)

This solution has a natural pH of 9.4 and is useful for theseparation of a wide range of acidic compounds. Itgenerates a higher EOF than the pH 7 phosphate buffer(cat. no.). Mixed with the SDS solution (cat no.) it givesrise to a high pH micellar electrolyte. The pH can beadjusted to higher values by the addition of 100mM sodiumhydroxide solution (cat. no.). An additional feature of theborate buffer is the ability of the borate ions to chelate withvarious diol compounds leading to a modified or enhancedselectivity.

250ml EKT511

100ml EKT510

250ml EKT513

100ml EKT512

250ml EKT515

100ml EKT514

250ml EKT517

100ml EKT516

250ml EKT519

100ml EKT518

250ml EKT521

100ml EKT520

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Computer Simulator Package

This flexible and easy to use computerprogram allows the user to investigate theeffects of the various operating parametersin CE. The program can be used to displaythe simulated peaks of analytes chosen froma database of over 100 compounds. Theprogram simulates the effect of varying anyof the numerous parameters that can bevaried in the real life situation.

The database entry for each solute includethe pKa value and the electrophoretic mobility.The database can easily be updated to includeuser specific compounds.

Whenever the user makes a change to anyof the operating parameters, the packageimmediately recalculates and displays the newsimulated electropherogram.

The values of each variable can easily bechanged using the comprehensive mousecontrolled pull down menus. In addition to thesimulated peaks the simulation reportsmigration time, resolution, electrical current,peak area and electrophoretic mobility.

The package also includes a number ofexercises that can be used in the followingfashion with predetermined test mixtures.

The test mixtures used in the exercisesinclude mixtures of acidic, basic and neutralcompounds. A test mixture consisting of acompound together with trace level relatedimpurities is also included. The user can enterdetails of their own compounds of interest inorder to carry out user specific optimisations.

p Understanding the principles of CE and the effects of various operatingparameters.

p Method development aid for both free solution electrophoresis, MECC andnow supports even Chiral Separations.

p Optimisation of method in terms of achieving the required resolution,sensitivity , current level and analysis time.

p Examine the robustness of a method by simultaneous adjustment of operatingparameters.

Example screen shot of the simulated separation of 10 different sulphonic acidcompounds.

CE and MECC Simulator Cat No. EKP114

(For the IBM PC 286 or above, runs in MS-DOS or Windows 3.1/Window95)

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This program has been developed on a highly scientific basis with a full appreciation of theunderlying CE principles (J. Chromatography )

Example screen shot of the simulated separation of several neutral hydrocarboncompounds by MECC.

The variable parameters include:

Electrolyte: Ionic strength, pH, additives, micellar additives, chiral additives.

Capillary: Total length, length to detector, inner and outer diameter, zetapotential and capillary material type.

Equipment: Detector type, applied voltage, polarity, injection volume (pressureand time), operating temperature and cooling mechanism.

CE and MECC Simulator Cat. No. EKP114

Computer Simulator Package (continued)

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Training Aids

Introduction to Quantitative Applications of CE inPharmaceutical Analysis

Written practising CE specialists from Glaxo WellcomeResearch and Development, this book discusses thebenefits of using CE for drug impurity determination andmain component assay. A section discussing validationconsiderations such as precision, reproducibility androbustness is also included.

Part Number: EKP217

Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography

Written by the leading pioneer of MECC, ProfessorShigeru Terabe, this concise volume describes the prin-ciples of micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Sec-tions include, selectivity manipulation, enantiomericseparations and method optimization.

There are many illustrations and example separations.

Part Number: EKP218

Introduction to the Theory and Applications of ChiralCapillary Electrophoresis

This short volume provides a clearly written introductionto the various techniques employed in order to achievechiral separations by CE. Separations by free solutionCE, capillary gel electrophoresis and MECC are covered.A section on method development is included. Exampleapplications involving quantitation are also shown.

Part Number: EKP216

The following series of short primers published by Beckman Instruments represent aninexpensive guide to the basic principles of CE and related techniques.

Introduction to Capillary Electrophoresis

Intended for the new user or the analyst contemplatingbecoming CE user, this book provides a clearintroduction to the theory and instrumentation for thevarious modes of CE. Sections include: ElectrophoresisTerminology, Flow Dynamics and Resolution, Effects ofVoltage and Temperature, and Approaches to MethodDevelopment.

Part Number: EKP215

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Capillary Electrophoresis Guide BookEdited by Dr. K. D. Altria

Written by many of the leading researchers andinnovators in the field of CE instrumentation andapplication, this book provides extensive hands on adviceand guidance to enable both CE newcomers andexperience researchers alike to develop and optimizetheir own CE separations with every assurance ofsuccess.

Cat. No. EKP116

Capillary Electrophoresis VHS VideoAn Introduction to Principles and Practiceby Prof. David Goodall and Dr Anne Hodgson(University of York)

This video explains how CE works and why it works,takes you inside the capillary using computer-generatedgraphics and video microscopy of electromigration.Designed as a training aid for individual or groupinstruction, it will complement hands-on experience withany CE apparatus.

Available in English, French, German, Spanish andItalian. Formats: PAL, SECAM and NTSC.

Cat. No. EKP118

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Written by Dr. Dennis Saunders, of LC Resources, this comprehensive and easy to usetraining package not only provides the newcomer to CE with a sound basic knowledge of theCE essentials but can also be used as a useful refresher for the experienced CE analyst.

This highly graphical program is suitable for self-learning exercises. The program is dividedinto sections covering the important and essential background areas in CE including:

PC Based Interactive Training Package

Each section and subsection contains anumber of attractive cartoons and graphicswhich are supported by descriptive text. Theindividual sections contain sufficient graphicsand text to obtain an appreciation andunderstanding of the underlying theories,separation modes and operating principles ofCE.

Hidden text can be activated to obtaindefinitions of specific technical terms by asimple click of the mouse. The program alsoincludes several simulators whichdemonstrate specific aspects such as theeffect of pH variation in MECC and theoperation of electro-kinetic injection. Alsoincluded is a useful bibliography of referencebooks and articles for further reading.

Basic concepts are explained through the useof colourful animations.

p Principles of CE

p Operating Procedures in CE

p Detection Possibilities

p Free Solution CE

p Capillary Gel Electrophoresis

p Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography

Catalogue No. EKP120

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EKT Capillary Burner

p Precise and Reproducable

p Easy to Use

p Produces Clean Finish

p Saves Time and Money

p Long Life Filament

The removal of the polyimide coating in order to provide a UV transparent window is often asource of inaccuracy in CE experiments.

For convenient and reproducible preparation of UV transparent windows in polyimide coveredcapillaries, EKT have developed an easy to use capillary burner device. The capillary is sim-ply pushed through the guide holes until it reaches the correct position for the window aschosen by the user and the simple push of a button initiates a controlled heating of the capil-lary making a small, precise and highly reproducible window.


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Window 2

2mm 2mm

2mm 2mm

Capillary Burner (continued)

Burner Filaments

The EKT Capillary Burner is delivered fittedwith a standard burner filament whichproduces a detection window with anapproximate length of 2mm.

This standard filament can be removed andreplaced with a filament producing a longeror shorter window in accordance with theanalyst's requirements.

Burner filaments are available in threedifferent coil lengths: 1mm, 2mm and 3mm.


Cat. No. Coil Length / mm Price / £

EKR112A 1mmEKR112B 2mm (standard)EKR112C 3mm

The diagram below shows an example of four different windows created using the standard2mm burner coil on a 50µm i.d. 375µm o.d. capillary. The high degree of reproducability ofwindows produced using the EKT burner is clearly evident. (Test carried out by an independentlaboratory)

Window 4Window 3

Window 1

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Capillary Preparation Tools

Example showing satisfactory and unsatisfactory cuts

Sample preparation filters are also available with polypropylene and polyamide (Nylon 66)membranes with 0.2µm and 0.45µm porosity. Please contact our sales office for prices.

Capillary Cleaving Tool

In the preparation of capillaries, cleanperpendicular edges are essential if highefficiency and good peak shapes are to beobtained. Examples of satisfactory andunsatisfactory capillary end cuts are shownin the adjacent diagram.

With conventional cutting tools the result isoften hit or miss. However, using this sapphiretipped tool high quality edges can be obtainedeasily and reproducibly. If handled with care,this tool will provide many years of service.

Cat. No. EKP201

Capillary Inspection Lens

The lens, providing an 8x magnification, canbe used to inspect capillary edges anddetection windows. It can also be used tocheck the alignment of the detection windowwhen fitting capillaries into cartridges.

Cat. No. EKP202

Sample Preparation

EKT stock a wide range of sample preparation accessories including sample vials, syringes,sample filters and many others. For items not listed, please contact our sales office.

Sample Preparation Filters

The filters can be used to remove particulatesfrom CE samples. The PTFE membranes invarious diameters (3 - 25mm) have a porosityof 0.2µm and 0.45µm. Sold in packs of 10.

Diameter Porosity Cat. No. Price25mm 0.2µm EKP24425mm 0.45µm EKP24515mm 0.2µm EKP24615mm 0.45µm EKP2473mm 0.2µm EKP2483mm 0.45µm EKP249

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Sample Vials

CE Instrument Calibration Kit

Developed by Chemical Solutions Inc. in theUnited States this easy to use kit is thesimplest and most convenient way to calibrateyour instruments to the standards required byGLP and ISO 9000.

The kits contain all you need to quickly checkand certify the calibration of yourinstrumentation for both wavelength andabsorbance accuracy at regular intervals,without the need for specialist training.

Each kit consists of a wavelength calibrationsolution, a reference and eight differentabsorbance calibration solutions. Thesolutions are prepared in a GMP laboratory toa high degree of precision and are fully NIST traceable. Each solution is clearly marked withthe batch number, the concentration and the expiry date. Concise and easy to follow instructionsare also provided.

Using these kits, the calibration of CE (or HPLC) instruments does not require any knowledgeof statistical methods, since all the relevant calculations are carried out by the PC spreadsheetprogram included with every kit. The user is required only to enter the absorbance valuesmeasured for each of the calibration solutions and the program does the rest.

After the procedure has been completed a calibration certificate summarising the results andstating full calibration conditions can be printed for signature by the operator.

The solutions contained in these kits are particularly stable and have a shelf life in excess ofone year.


r Ideal for GMP / ISO9000

r Fast and easy to use

r Calibrates both wavelengthand absorbance

r Fully NIST traceable

r Long shelflife

Autosampler Vials(in packs of 100 and 1000)

Beckman Pace

4ml glass EKP250 1004ml glass EKP251 1000

HP

2ml plastic EKP252 1002ml plastic EKP253 10002ml glass EKP254 1002ml glass EKP255 1000

TSP

2ml glass EKP256 1002ml glass EKP257 1000

Description Cat. No. Quantity Price / £

If the autosampler vials you require are notlisted, please contact our technical salesdepartment.

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ELECTROCHROMATOGRAPHY - CEC

As an alternative to the use of hydraulicpressure, chromatographic mobile phases canbe made to flow through a chromatographiccolumn by the application of an electric field.As in capillary electrophoresis, this must becarried out in narrow bore capillaries. Thus,the instrumental requirements forelectrochromatography are similar to those offree solution capillary electrophoresis.

In CE it is often the case that the differencesin electrophoretic mobilities of closely relatedchemical species are extremely small and as

a result sufficient resolution may not beachieved despite the very high plate number.However, the use of packed capillariesintroduces an additional separationmechanism, namely chromatographicpartition. In electrochromatography theselectivity is therefore the result of asuperimposition of electrophoretic andchromatographic migration. Thus, the variouspossibilities for modification of selectivitiesavailable to the HPLC user can be employedin electrochromatography.

Electro-Driven Flow

Pressure Driven Flow

Flow velocity iseffectivelyconstant acrossthe channel andthe same in allchannels.

Flow velocityvaries withinchannels andfrom one channelto the next

With packed columns, unlike with open tubes,UV-absorbance detection cannot be carriedout through the capillary, at least not withoutsevere difficulty, due to the presence of thepacking material. In theory, packed columnscould be connected to a short length of anopen capillary in which the detection wouldtake place. However, the problems, in termsof dead volumes etc., which would arise in thejoining of capillaries of only 50µm i.d. prohibitthis approach.

Electro-Kinetic Technologies have developeda unique solution to this problem by producingcapillaries with a small retaining frit inside thecolumn positioned several centimetres fromthe capillary outlet. After packing the packedbed extends only as far as the retaining fritwhich allows detection to be carried out, usingconventional capillary electrophoresisequipment, in the empty zone immediatelyfollowing the frit. Using this method detection

can be carried out with the absolute minimumextra-column broadening.

ueo = εεεεεr εεεεεoE ζζζζζ / ηηηηη

The electro-osmotic flow velocity is given by,

In packed capillaries the occurance of electro-osmotic flow depends on the nature of the electricaldouble layer at the surface of the silica particles.

where εr and ε

o represent relative permittivity and vacuum permittivity, E is the electric field strength, ζ

is the surface zeta potential and h the mobile phase viscosity. The zeta potential is a function of pH andionic strength.

The diagram below shows the eluent flow velocityprofiles in a packed capillary column under bothelectro flow and conventional pressure flow.

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EKT Packed Capillaries for Electrochromatography

The diagram below shows the arrangement of the on-column flow cell for Electro-Kineticspacked capillary columns.

0 2010 Time / minutes

In the case of electro-chromatography theobserved chromatographic efficiency, in termsof the number of theoretical plates obtained, isoften considerably greater than the samecolumn driven at the same linear flow velocityusing pressure induced flow. This is due to theideal uniform flow characteristics of electro-osmotic flow.

In electrochromatography there is no directrelationship between the flow velocity and theparticle diameter. Thus, the particle diametercan be reduced to well below the particlediameters currently used in HPLC. This leadsto chromatographic efficiences approachingthose of free solution capillary electrophoresis.See chromatogram below on 1.5µm diameterparticles.

PACKING MATERIAL

POROUS SINTER

DETECTION ZONE

Integral Capillary Flowcell

Electrochromatography on 1.5µm Particles - Exsil C18

Analytes1. Acetone2. Benzyl alcohol3. Acetophenone4. Dimethyl phthalate5. Anisole6. Methyl benzoate7. Diphenyl ether8. Toluene

Conditions

L = 40cm, V = 30kVN = 350,00 per metre

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contents field/hplc columns/pdf/capital_cat.pdfsteel-free columns i.e.. for protein analysis, we can...

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