Figure 19.4E Gross anatomy of the heart

LEFTRIGHT

A VERY STRONG MUSCLE!

Chambers of the heartblue=CO2, red =O2

Right Atrium Left Atrium

Right VentricleLeft Ventricle

Enters from body. Blood is deoxygenated, but has carbon dioxide.

Comes back from lungs with oxygen

Goes out to the body with oxygen.Drops of oxygen and picks up carbondioxide

Valve

Goes to lungs. Drops off carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen.

Valve

ValveValve

Figure 20.17A Pulmonary circulation

Figure 19.5 Systemic & pulmonary circuits

Blood from body entersRight Atrium

Blood from lungs entersLeft Atrium

Right Ventricle sends bloodto lungs

Left Ventricle sends bloodto rest of body

Arteries carry blood AWAYfrom the heart

Veins carry blood to the heart (like ven in Spanish)

Septum-separates 2 sides of the heart

Mrs. Workman’s research!N1ΔFC/ΔFCN1WT/WT

H&E

E18.5

E16.5

A.

B.

C.

Misformed valves!

N1ΔFC/ΔFCN1WT/WT

Figure 19.6 Anatomical differences in the right & left ventricles

Why is the left ventricle so much thicker than the right ventricle?

Valves

• Prevent back flow• Between atria and ventricle-open when

pressure increases due to a lot of blood in atria

• Below ventricle-opens when ventricle contracts, pushing blood out through valve.

• Slamming shut makes your heart beat.• What is a pulse?

Figure 19.10A Operation of semilunar valves

Figure 19.10B Operation of semilunar valves

Circulatory system

• Works closely with system to bring oxygen from the lungs to the muscles and carbon dioxide from the muscles to the lungs to expel.

Blood Vessels• Arteries-move blood AWAY from the heart. Thicker walls

because more pressure. • Vein-moves blood towards the heart. Thinner walls

because less pressure. Valves to prevent back flow.

More on Blood Vessels

• Capillaries-small blood vessels where gas exchange via diffusion takes place.

Components of Blood

Component Function

Red blood cells Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

White blood cells Produce antibodies and destroy invaders-immunity

Platelets For blood clotting

Plasma-liquid Carrying other materials, pH buffering, etc