figure 8.1 the light and carbon reactions of photosynthesis in chloroplasts of land plants
TRANSCRIPT
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Figure 8.1 The light and carbon reactions of photosynthesis in chloroplasts of land plants
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Figure 8.2 The Calvin–Benson cycle proceeds in three stages
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Figure 8.3 The Calvin–Benson cycle
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Calvin cycle can be divided into three phases: ― Carboxylation of the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, followed by hydrolysis to generate two molecules 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PGA)
― Reduction of 3-phosphoglycerate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G-3-P)
― Regeneration of the initial acceptor molecule ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate, thereby creating a continuous cycle
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The Glycolate pathway returns reduced carbon from phosphoglycolate to the Calvin cycle
• Glycolate pathway: Break down phosphoglycolate and recover 75% of the reduced carbon present in phosphoglycolate to the Calvin cycle, with the remaining 25% released as CO2.
• Glycolate pathway is characterized by light-dependent CO2 release and is also called photorespiration
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Figure 8.3 The Calvin–Benson cycle; The carboxylation and reduction phases (Part 1)
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Figure 8.3 The Calvin–Benson cycle; The regeneration phase (Part 2)
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Figure 8.4 Carboxylation and oxygenation of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate catalyzed by rubisco
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Figure 8.5 CO2 functions both as activator and as substrate in the reaction catalyzed by rubisco
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Figure 8.6 The ferredoxin–thioredoxin system
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Figure 8.7 Regulation of chloroplast phosphoribulokinase and glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase
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Figure 8.8 Operation of the C2 oxidative photosynthetic cycle
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Figure 8.11 The C4 photosynthetic carbon cycle involves five successive stages
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Figure 8.12 The C4 photosynthetic pathway in leaves
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Figure 8.12 C4 photosynthetic pathway; (A) Kranz anatomy, compartmentalization in cell
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Figure 8.12 C4 photosynthetic pathway; (B) Kranz anatomy in a C4 dicot
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Figure 8.13 Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)
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Figure 8.14 Carbon mobilization in land plants
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Figure 8.18 Interconversion of hexose phosphates
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