filed 10 18 12 motion and memorandum in rcr2011-063341

7/28/2019 Filed 10 18 12 MOtion and Memorandum in RCR2011-063341

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Document Code:Zach Coughlin,Esq.NV Bar No: 9473 currentl! sus"ended#$% B%& 39'()eno, NV *9++

-ele"hone and a/: 949 ''7 740Counsel 1or De1endant Coughlin

2N -E 56-2CE C%5)- % )EN% -%N62$2N 8ND %) -E C%5N- % 86%E, 6-8-E % NEV8D8

6-8-E % NEV8D8

$lainti11,

;s.

Z8C8) C%5'334(DE$-. N%: 0

MOTION FOR MISTRIAL AND MEMORANDUM OF LAW

C%?E6 N%, Z8C C%5


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"a"er to rite a 1iling on, or the aAilit! to mae a "hone call ith mone! o1 oneFs on Au!ing a

calling card in a "eriod o1 time less than, sa! (4 da!s aAout ho long it too 1or the 2oa com"an!

Coughlin Aought his last ail house calling card 1rom to deli;er the item, until hich time Coughlin

as unaAle to connect ith e;en one "erson on the outside in light o1 the atrocious Gcollect callingG

"hone s!stem the CDC has set u", hich is largel! ine11ecti;e 1or calling cellular "hones, hich is

hat the maorit! o1 8merica is using these da!s, and hich are not listed in the !ello "ages, and

hich most "eo"le do not Aother to rememAer the numAers 1or gi;en the s"eed dial "rogramming

most cellular "hones are ca"aAle o1#. -he C$DFs o11ice re1used to assist Coughlin in an! a! ith

these communiction ith the outside orld issues ham"ering his "re"aration 1or the ul! ('th, 0(0-rial in )C)0((>'334( Coughlin as Arought to the )C to stand 1or, in ail GredsG, shacled

hands and 1eet, ith a )C Baili11 hom "re;iousl! threatened to G"ut m! 1oot u" !our assG in

res"onse to requests 1rom assistance A! =eslie a1ter Coughlin sought to ha;e noledge o1 the

Gcounter motionsG =eslie as maing against CoughlinFs ishes in earl! No;emAer 0((# sitting 1i;e

1eet aa! 1rom Coughlin and threatening to incarcerate Coughlin e;en 1urther should he dare to e;en

loo to the Aac o1 the courtroom, e;en to see i1 his mother as there in attendance. -his 1iling

oA;iousl! ould Aene1it 1rom a good edit and more a""ro"riate tone, and Coughlin a"ologies in

ad;ance 1or an! untoard commentar!, "articularl! an! in;ol;ing the Court, hom Coughlin has

great res"ect 1or and considers unmatched, at least in Ne;ada, res"ecting the aAilit! to allo litigants

and de1endant to sa! hat it is the! reall! 1eel ithout the threat o1 a Gsummar! criminal contem"tG

"unishment immediatel! 1olloing. hile there is a N)6 +3.4+ Declaration contained herein, it is

made ith the understanding that this 1iling is made on an e/igent Aasis in light o1 the "ro1ound

lielihood o1 a retaliator! arrest occurring sometime soon, and ith the ca;eat that com"uter

dictation so1tare that has not Aeen all that ell trained !et to CoughlinFs ;oice as utilied in the

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maing o1 some o1 hat 1ollos, and that the rong ord is inter"reted 1rom CoughlinFs s"eech at

times. 21 Coughlin could Ae sure he ouldnFt Ae reincarcerated an!time soon, he ould "re1er to tae

another ee to or on this and Aoil it don to + "ages...2Nde/ to E/hiAits

(. E/hiAit ( ;arious rele;ant materials, including V2DE%99 and V2DE%(, all three 9(( calss0 A! "acG ga;e Coughlin the "hone Aased

u"on the circumstantial e;idence that the! "ersonall! e!e>itnessed Coughlin go u" to the man ith

the si/>"ac shortl! a1ter he held it alo1t, o11ered it u", and a1ter the man threatened to thro it in the

ri;er i1 someone did not claim it immediatel! Nicole atson admits hearing the Gman ith the si/>

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"acG sa! this, hereu"on, in V2DE%99, Zarate is seen and heard attem"ting to dissuade her 1rom

sa!ing an!thing 1urther ith regard to the material 1acts as she itnessed them, "articularl! here

the! de"art 1rom the ;ersion Zarate has "ro;ided to the )$D and or in his itness statement#.

Dason and Zarate Aoth admit in the ;ideos taen A! Coughlin that the! did not "ersonall! e!e>

itness the man ith the si/>"ac gi;e Coughlin the "hone, Aut rather made that in1erence u"on

questioning that man and determining that he no longer had the "hone a1ter Coughlin 1inished

interacting ith him. Zarate states something in V2DE%99 to the e11ect that he ne Coughlin

had the "hone Aecause the man ith the si/>"ac no longer had the "hone u"on their questioning

him. oe;er, in his trial testimon! Zarate indicates, in res"onse to a direct question 1rom udge61erraa, that he did, in 1act, G"ersonall! e!e>itnessG Coughlin Ae gi;en the "hone A! the man a

1ar cr! 1rom the Ggrabbedthe "honeG that


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Coughin& that night& it merey made under a hy#othetica con"truct that a""ume" Coughin

did& in fact& ha'e #o""e""ion of "uch an item (!hich ha" not $een e"ta$i"hed $y the State&

rather& the State ha" offered te"timony it )no!" to $e fa"e and #ur#orted e'identiary matter

that coud ha'e ony $een o$tained through a 'ioation of Coughin*" con"titutiona right"+ 21

Coughlin did, in 1act, oAtain such a "hone 1rom the man ith a si/>"ac, it as arguaAl! aAandoned

"ro"ert! and Coughlin sa;ed it 1rom going in the ri;er. urther, CoughlinFs intent has ala!s Aeen

and ill ala!s Ae, to com"l! ith hate;er dut! he had under the la to 1ind the true oner,

hoe;er, sim"l! turning a "hone o11ered u" in such a "uAlic manner to hostile and questionaAl!

Aeha;ing !oung adults such as the initial three aggressors to accost Coughlin, did not seem too liel!to align ith an! dut! to 1ind the "honeFs true oner that Coughlin ma! ha;e had. hat ha""ened

therea1ter has largel! Aeen ca"tured on ;ideo or audio, Aut, essentiall!, CoughlinFs action indicated an

intent to "rotect himsel1 1rom rong1ul "rosecution and or an! ;iolence to an!one ensuing, and,

"erha"s, to, hoe;er ill>ad;isedl!, see hat the state o1 the ourth 8mendment as in )eno,

Ne;ada, not an intent to mae aa! ith a "hone not orth L' at the time, es"eciall! a1ter such a

"uAlic dis"la! o1 consternation as to hom the "honeFs true oner as.

$%2N-6 8ND 85-%)2-2E6

2n Ne;ada, its is ;er! im"ortant to consider hether the requisite intent as there at the time

o1 the alleged act constituting the1t. 2n this case, clearl!, that it as not "ossiAle 1or such intent to Ae

"resent at the time o1 the GtaingG. Intent of finder: E;er! taing A! one "erson o1 the "ersonal

"ro"ert! o1 another ithout his consent is notlarcen! and this although it is taen ithout right or

claim o1 right. 6u"eradded to this there must Ae a 1elonious intent, ithout hich there can Ae no

crime. -o render the 1inder o1 lost goods guilt! o1 larcen! an intent to con;ert them aAsolutel! to his

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on use must coe/ist ith the act o1 1inding. 2f "uch intent doe" not e,i"t at the time of the

finding, Aut, instead, the 1inder intends to restore the "ro"ert! to the oner, a "u$"e-uent

conceament& or frauduent a##ro#riation& doe" not con"titute arceny. Ne;ada: State '+

Cifford& ./ Ne'. 01, 22 Am. Re#. 314 .506# +

6o the rule clearl! deduciAle 1rom the authorities is that i1 the 1inder o1 lost articles neither

nos nor has an! immediate means o1 ascertaining the oner, and a""ro"riates them to his on

use, he is not guilt! o1 larcen!, hate;er ma! Ae his intent at the time. 21 he does no, or has the

immediate means o1 ascertaining, ho the oner is, there must Ae a 1elonious intent to steal at the

time of the ta)ingin order to constitute larcen! and a suAsequentl! 1ormed intent is not su11icient.Breer ;. 6tate, 93 8r. 479, 3 =.).8. N.6.# 339, (0+ 6.. (07 (9(#.

)E6$EC-2N< -E G)ECE2V2N< 6-%=EN $)%$E)- C8)


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-he Com"laint does not allege an! 1acts to suggest that Coughlin ne or should ha;e

non the i$hone to Ae Gstolen "ro"ert!G. No "roAaAle cause. But most u"setting o1 all to the

6tateFs case is that the 8mended Com"laint hich as 1iled DecemAer +th, 0(0, ell a1ter the '

da! s"eed! trial right, ;er! "reudicial to CoughlinFs case, and the docet has it rong, it asnFt 1iled

8ugust 04th, 0(0# 1ails to indicate that Coughlin Grecei;edG the "ro"ert! 1rom someone other than

Coughlin. 8nd udge 61erraa questioned hether that as actuall! a requirement. 2t is: chec

out est headnotes under )ecei;ing 6tolen $ro"ert! at 30473#: PirA!, (9 6. Ct. +74. Mu"t

aege the good !ere recei'ed from "omeone other than the defendant7 %addi"& /1/ U+S+ 3//&

Aen & 64 NE 1d //4& ;o)& 0/6 SW 1d 5.2+

$%=P ;. 6-8-E, 749 6..0d *(3 (9**#: G8s "re;iousl! stated, the 6tate must "lead and

"ro;e that the "ro"ert! as stolen A! another. G

2t is: chec out est headnotes under )ecei;ing 6tolen $ro"ert! at 30473#: PirA!, (9 6. Ct. +74.

?ust allege the good ere recei;ed 1rom someone other than the de1endant: 40, 79 6.Ct. 4+(. $". +47>+4*.G

G0# the 6tate 1ailed to "ro;e Ae!ond a reasonaAle douAt that the automoAile had Aeen stolen A! a

"erson other than "lainti11 in error, a...-he ne/t assignment o1 error is that the 6tate 1ailed to "ro;e

Ae!ond all reasonaAle douAt that the automoAile in question as stolen A! some "erson other than

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"lainti11 inerror. -o sustain a con;iction o1 recei;ing stolen "ro"ert! the "roo1 must sho (# that

the "ro"ert! has, in 1act, Aeen stolen A! a "erson other than the one charged ith recei;ing it 0#

that the one charged ith recei;ing it has actuall! recei;ed the "ro"ert! stolen or aided in

concealing it 3# that the recei;er ne the "ro"ert! as stolen at the time he recei;ed it and 4#

that he recei;ed the "ro"ert! 1or his on gain or to "re;ent the oner 1rom "ossessing it. $eo"le ;.

$isce,44 2ll. 4'+.# $roo1 o1 these essential elements constituting the crime o1 recei;ing stolen

"ro"ert! ma! Ae made A! circumstantial e;idence. $eo"le ;. erris, 3*+ 2ll. (*'.G $E%$=E ;.

8==EN. 47 2ll. +9' (9+#. 9' N.E.0d 44'.

$E%$=E ;. D2CPE)6%N. 0( 2ll. 8"".3d 977 (974#. 3(' N.E.0d +(9: G 2t is urisdictional that i1 a

criminal con;iction is to Ae u"held,

R 0( 2ll. 8"".3d 9* S

the indictment must charge a crime $eo"le ;. Edge,4' 2ll. 49, 494>49+ (9+# $eo"le ;. arris,

394 2ll. 30+, 307 (94'##, and must contain the nature and elements o1 the o11ense in order that the

de1endant ma! 1ull! "re"are a de1ense and Ae a11orded the constitutionall! intended "rotection

against douAle eo"ard!. $eo"le ;. 449

(909# $eo"le ;. arris, 394 2ll. 30+, 309>33 (94'# $eo"le ;. De;ore, 40 2ll. 339, 34(>340

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(949# $eo"le ;. ?alone,( 2ll.8"".3d *', *'3>*'4 (97(#.# =acing this element, the indictment

1ailed to charge the o11ense o1 recei;ing stolen "ro"ert! under section ('>(d#. 8 con;iction under

an indictment hich does not charge an o11ense is ;oid. $eo"le ;. Edge,4' 2ll. 49 (9+#.

-he udgment is, there1ore, re;ersed....

2 1eel that the maorit! has misconstrued the e11icac! o1 section ('>(d# in arri;ing at a conclusion

not urged A! the de1endant. -he omission o1 the ords Gstolen A! anotherG in the indictment does

not create the "resum"tion that de1endant had himsel1 stolen the "ro"ert! 1rom the oner. -he use

o1 the ords GT T T noingl! oAtain control o1 stolen "ro"ert! T T T under such circumstances that

ould reasonaAl! induce him to Aelie;e that the "ro"ert! as stolen T T TG em"hasis added# in the

indictment clearl! im"lies that hen de1endant oAtained control o1 the "ro"ert! in question in an!

manner hatsoe;er#, the "ro"ert! had alread! Aeen stolen A! another. -hat is the "lain and ordinar!

meaning o1 the indictment.

2 Aelie;e the maorit! ma! Ae con1using hat can and cannot Ae reasonaAl! im"lied 1rom e;idence

introduced at trial ith hat ma! Ae im"lied 1rom the clear "hrasing o1 the indictment. 8t trial it is

not

R 0( 2ll. 8"".3d 9*( Senough 1or the "rosecution to merel! sho that the "ro"ert! in question as

stolen "ro"ert! and that the de1endant as in "ossession o1 that "ro"ert! in order to "ro;e the

o11ense o1 the1t under ('>(d# the 1ormer o11ense o1 recei;ing stolen "ro"ert!#. $eo"le ;. Ba/a

(970#, + 2ll.0d (((, 077 N.E.0d *7'.# -he de1endantFs une/"lained "ossession o1 stolen "ro"ert!

soon a1ter a the1t is e;idence that the de1endant stole the "ro"ert! himsel1 Aut is not e;idence o1

de1endantFs recei;ing stolen "ro"ert! noing it to ha;e Aeen stolen. 6ee $eo"le ;. ?alone (97(#,

( 2ll.8"".3d *', 07+ N.E.0d 03', and the cases cited therein.# oe;er, the "hraseolog! o1 the

indictment herein "ermits a reader o1 the indictment to 1ind, e;en a1ter onl! a cursor! reading, the

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necessar! elements o1 the o11ense, i.e., that the "ro"ert! as alread! stolen A! another hen the

de1endant recei;ed it.

hile it ma! Ae true that the addition o1 the ords Gstolen A! anotherG ould mae the indictment

more e/"licit, the addition o1 these ords ould onl! Ae grammaticall! redundant and mere

sur"lusage legall!.

-he indictment, there1ore, as su11icient to charge the de1endant ith an o11ense under ('>(d#(#.

81ter a thorough e/amination o1 the record, 2 do not Aelie;e that the e;idence "roduced at trial as

su11icient to 1ind the de1endant guilt! Ae!ond a reasonaAle douAt. or this reason 2, too, ould

re;erse the de1endantFs con;iction.G

8""ellant correctl! argues that the standard o1 "ro;ing ;alue, 1or con;iction, is the same in

Grecei;ingG cases as in Glarcen!G and Gthe1tG cases. e erroneousl! urges that the state 1ailed to meet

that standard under our holding in Cle;eland ;. 6tate, *+ Ne;. '3+, 4'( $.0d 4* (9'9#, here e

said GRtShe true criterion 1or the ;alue o1 "ro"ert! taen is the 1air maret ;alue o1 the "ro"ert! at the

time and "lace it as stolen i1 there Ae such a standard maret.G *+ Ne;. at '37, 4'( $.0d at 49.

B82N ;. 6E)2, C=8)P C%5N- +4 $.0d '9+ (970#.

6E$$ ;. 6-8-E, 4*4 $.0d +'3 (97(#: GCount 3 charged 6he"" ith ha;ing recei;ed "ro"ert!

stolen A! him during the commission o1 the Aurglar! charged in Count 0. 6ince a thie1 cannot

recei;e 1rom himsel1 the 1ruits o1 his larcen!, the ur! must Ae instructed that it could con;ict o1

either Aurglar! or recei;ing, R 4*4 $.0d +'+ S Aut not o1 Aoth. $eo"le ;. -a!lor, 4 Cal.8"".0d 0(4,

4 $.0d *7 Cal. (93+# $eo"le ;. ?orales, 0'3 Cal.8"".0d 0((, '9 Cal.)"tr. ++3 (9'*#

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?ilano;ich ;. 5nited 6tates, 3'+ 5.6. ++(, *( 6.Ct. 70*, + =.Ed.0d 773 (9'(# -homas ;. 5nited

6tates, 4(* .0d +'7 + Cir.(9'9# Baer ;. 5nited 6tates, 3+7 .0d (( + Cir.(9''#. 6uch an

instruction as requested Aut the court declined to gi;e it. -his as error, and later acnoledged

A! the court to Ae such hen it set aside the recei;ing con;iction and ordered a ne trial on that

charge. -he a""ellate issue is hether that manner o1 handling the error e11ecti;el! cured it. -he

error as not cured A! the setting aside o1 the recei;ing con;iction since there is no a! o1 noing

hether a "ro"erl! instructed ur! ould ha;e 1ound the de1endant guilt! o1 Aurglar!, Count 0, or

recei;ing, Count 3. ?ilano;ich ;. 5nited 6tates, su"ra. Both con;ictions should ha;e Aeen set aside

and a ne trial orderedG

6tate ;. $anse!, '( Ne;. 333, (0* $.0d 4'4 (940#: G. )ecei;ing 6tolen


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Bernier does not den! ha;ing "ossessed the "ro"ert! rather, she argues the "roo1 did not sho that

she ne the "ro"ert! as stolen and that such noledge cannot Ae in1erred 1rom mere "ossession.

e agree that mere "ossession is insu11icient to estaAlish the requisite noledge...G

G5nder Ne;ada la, =ane could not Ae con;icted o1 Aoth roAAer! and recei;ing stolen

"ro"ert!. U -his court re;ersed a con;iction 1or "ossessing stolen "ro"ert! on the ground that the

legislature did not intend to com"ound the "unishment 1or larcen! or roAAer! A! "ermitting a

con;iction 1or recei"t or "ossession o1 the stolen "ro"ert! against the "erson ho too the "ro"ert!.

U $oint ;. 6tate, (0 Ne;. (43, (4'>4*, 7(7 $.0d 3*, 4>4( (9*'# =ane ;. 6tate, (( Ne;. ((+',

**( $.0d (3+* (994#.

6tate ;. $ra!, 3 Ne;. 0', 94 $. 0(* (9*#: 2t is long standing authorit! that 1or a charge

o1 "ossession o1 stolen "ro"ert! to stand, there must Ae a shoing o1 all the elements, and

that i1 e;en one element is missing, the charge cannot Ae maintained. 6tate ;. $ra!, 3 Ne;.

0', 94 $. 0(* (9*#. $ossession o1 stolen "ro"ert! does not in itsel1 "ro;e guilt o1 the o11ense.

6taaA ;. 6tate, 9 Ne;. 347, +0' $.0d 33*, 34( (974#. 2nstead, the Aurden o1 "roo1 o1 all three

elements rests ith the

attorne! charged ith Gsummar! criminal contem"tG one re"orted decision e;er, 2n )e Punstler.

'' N6 0d '7.

CanFt oin in same "roceeding a disAarment and contem"t "roceeding: Dicerson ;. 6tate (79 6

304.

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udge Nash olmes continues to re1use to allo Couglin to a""eal the Gsummar! criminal

contem"tG %rder, e;en though, gi;en the incarceration as ser;ed, it is a 1inall! a""ealaAle order,

see


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-N F99#. ordan ;. 6tate (( $.3d at 47, illiams ;. Nagel '43 NE 0d *(', Poenig, 740 $.0d

'49,Nelson, 99 NE 0 '40, claim o1 right %FAanion +(9 6E 0d *(9, Bean 4'+ $.0d (44(

8lso as to DuraldeFs "ur"ose1ul o;er;aluing the i"hone ;itiating the 1elon! charge and

concomitant aAilit! to conduct a sita incident to an arrest thereto: Dutton, +*( $.0d *+'. ?ercado

+*7 $.0d (307.

-here is nothing in the Com"laint to suggest the i$hone as gi;en to Coughlin A! someone hom

had GstolenG it or that Couglin Grecei;edG the i$hone 1rom someone hom had stolen it. 2t almost

a""ears that the District 8ttorne! is seeing to

Sufficiency of indictment -rial court did not aAuse its discretion in dismissing ithout

"reudice, on grounds o1ac) of "#ecificity, indictment o1 1our de1endants 1or the1t in connection

ith gold reco;er! in;estment o11ering, though arguaAl! indictment could Ae read as alleging the1t

A! material misre"resentation, as indictment laced s"eci1icit! ith regard to hich de1endant

allegedl! made hich misre"resentation, and 6tate had Aeen re"eatedl! told its charging documents

ere de1ecti;e or ;ague. N.).6. (73.7+, 0+. *303#. 6tate ;. ancoc, (99*, 9++ $.0d (*3, ((4

Ne;. ('(.

DD8 oung maes no allegation that the unidenti1ied man hom threatened to tae the

i$hone and Gthro it in the ri;erG Gstole the i$hone. %therise, it seems DD8 oung is suggesting

Coughlin Gcommits an o11ense in;ol;ing stolen "ro"ert! i1 the "erson, 1or his or her on gain or to

"re;ent the oner 1rom again "ossessing the onerMs "ro"ert!, Au!s, recei;es, "ossesses or

ithholds "ro"ert!G 1rom himsel1, rather than the unidenti1ied man. oe;er 0+.07+, also

requires that Coughlin did so: G a# Pnoing that it is stolen "ro"ert! or A# 5nder such

circumstances as should ha;e caused a reasonaAle "erson to no that it is stolen "ro"ert!.G

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DD8 oungFs 8mended Com"laint "ro;ides no su""ort in an! a! to suggest that the

unidenti1ied man stole the i$hone. 2ndeed. Nicole atson admits the man noti1ied the indi;iduals

congregating in the sate "laa that he ished to see someone claim the i$hone. -here certainl! is

not su""ort 1or, nor has there Aeen an! suggestion that this unidenti1ied man GstoleG the i$hone. 6o,

that lea;es DD8 oung to suggest Coughlin GstoleG the i$hone, then Grecei;edG or GAoughtG the

i$hone 1rom himsel1. -hat is ust too tortured an a""roach. DD8 oung must sim"l! see to

con;ict Coughlin o1 "etit larcen! under those circumstances.

8ctuall!, the indictiment and Com"laint is insu11icient here, as aAsolutel! no 1acts are

alleged or set 1orth to 1lesh out each o1 the elements o1 an N)6 0+.07+ "ossession o1 stolen

"ro"ert! charge. DD8 oung has a dut! under the )ules o1 $ro1essional Conduct to mae sure

there are such 1acts alleged:

Ne;ada )$C )uleU3.*UU6"ecial )es"onsiAilities o1 a $rosecutor.UUG-he"rosecutor in a criminal case shall:

a#U)e1rain 1rom "rosecuting a charge that the "rosecutor nos is not su""ortedA! "roAaAle causeG

DDA


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hat circumstances Coughlin Gshould ha;e non that such goods ere so oAtainedG A!

Glarcen!G. 2t is "reudicial to allo such a de1icient 8mended Com"laint to stand.

GBernier as ordered to stand trial 1or "ossession o1 stolen "ro"ert!, a

;iolation o1 N)6 0+.07+. Bernier then "etitioned 1or a rit o1 haAeas cor"uscontending the e;idence adduced A! the "rosecution as insu11icient to estaAlish"roAaAle cause that she had committed the charged o11ense. -he district courtconsidered and denied her "etition and Bernier here reasserts the same contention.Bernier does not den! ha;ing "ossessed the "ro"ert! rather, she argues the "roo1did not sho that she ne the "ro"ert! as stolen and that such noledgecannot Ae in1erred 1rom mere "ossession. e agree that mere "ossession isinsu11icient to estaAlish the requisite noledge hoe;er, "ossession is a 1acthich ma! Ae considered ith all other 1acts A! a reasonaAle "erson in1ormulating a strong sus"icion that Bernier ne the "ro"ert! as stolen. 6ee6taaA ;. 6tate, 9 Ne;. 347, +0' $.0d 33* (974#G BE)N2E) ;. 6E)2,

C=8)P C%5N-, +'9 $.0d 4' (977#.Giechers as ordered to stand trial on...N)6 0+.07+... he contends...

the state 1ailed to "roduce su11icient e;idence to estaAlish "roAaAle cause that hecommitted the charged o11enses. e agree. ... testi1ied that at no time did the! telliechers that the engines ere stolen. -he record shos the testimon!...asgi;en in e/change 1or the "rosecutorFs agreement, inter alia, to a11ord them "artialimmunit! and other s"ecial considerations. -his record is Aarren o1 an! in1erenceor suggestion that iechers as im"licated in an! manner in or ith theVolsagen the1t ring and, in 1act, it a11irmati;el! shos that he had nonoledge that the engines had Aeen stolen.( 6ee 6taaA ;. 6tate, 9 Ne;. 347, +0'$.0d 33* (974#. urthermore, iechers "aid 1or the stolen engines in theordinar! course o1 Ausiness ith his GregularG Ausiness checs. -his conductalone a""ears to us to Ae inconsistent ith the stateFs argument that iechersne o1 and "artici"ated in the charged criminal acti;it!. 8ccordingl!, econclude the state did not meets its Aurden o1 shoing "roAaAle cause, as requiredA! . 2ECE)6 ;. 6E)2, 86%E C%5N-, +43 $.0d (347 (97+#.

6imilarl!, Coughlin himsel1 called 9((. Nothing on the ta"e o1 the arrest can Ae said to

demonstrate Coughlin re1using an! instruction o1 the )$D. )ather, Coughlin ased a 6ocratic st!le

question and the )$D o11icer told Coughlin to sto" taling. Coughlin ould ha;e Aeen suAect to a

disturAing the "eace charge had he 1ailed to 1ollo the %11icerFs instruction. -here is sim"l! no

e;idence to su""ort an! o1 the elements o1 the crime charged conclusi;el!.

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6imilarl!, Coughlin himsel1 called 9(( re"orting the ;iolent, threatening, and menacing

Aeha;ior o1


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;iolent, threatening moA o1 sater !ouths at ((:0* "m in donton, )eno, here the i$hone had

Aeen loudl! o11ered u" to all deniens o1 the "laa therein in a manner that as ;er! liel! to cause a

1ree 1or all# and i1, under such circumstances, he aAsolutel! a""ro"riates them to his on use,

e/cluding the dominion o1 the oner, it is larcen!. Ne'ada7 6tate ;. Cli11ord, (4 Ne;. 70, 33 8m.

)e". +0' (*79#.

COUNT ONE7

CC +3.(' $etit larcen!:GDe1inition "unishment. E;er! "erson ho:(. Stea", ta)e"and carrie", ead"or dri'e" a!aythe #er"ona good"or #ro#ertyo1 another, under the ;alue o1 L0+...

commits "etit larcen! and is guilt! o1 a misdemeanor.G8t -rial, shi1t! old DD8 oung continued ith his lac o1 candor to the triAunal in res"onse

to CoughlinFs 8ugust 09th, 0(0 $re>-rial ?emorandum and Coughlin, unlie oung, did not sli"

the 1iling o11ice his 1iling ith a little "ost>it attached to the to" o1 it reading Gsho this to the udge

Ae1ore the -rialG lie DD8 oung has done "re;iousl!#. DD8 oung too issue ith the

arguments Coughlin set 1orth therein, s"eci1icall! ith res"ect to hether the CC ;ersion o1 "ett!

larcen! that DD8 oung "ursued included an intent element. DD8 oung a;erred to the Court

that the charging document did, in 1act, use the ord intentionall! ith res"ect to hether it

entailed an GintentionalG commission o1 larcen!. -hat is not true, and regardless, DD8 oung,

des"ite hate;er the unAridled and gross e/ercise o1 "oer Aestoed in him has done to his ego,

does not ha;e the "oer o1 the legislature, and cannot unilaterall! amend the CC merel! A!

inserting a ord or to here or there in the charging document. hat Fs Com"laint and the

8mended Com"laint reall! included is this:

GZ8C %5N< o1 the Count! o1 ashoe, 6tate o1 Ne;ada, 'erifie" anddecare" u#on information and $eief and under #enaty of #er=ury , thatZ8C8) B8)PE) C%5named, has committedthe crime o1: $E-2- =8)CEN, a ;iolation o1 ashoe Count! Code +3.('

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and (0+.+, a misdemeanor, in the manner 1olloing, to it: -hat the saidde1endant on or aAout the 0th da! o1 8ugust, 0((, at )eno -onshi", ithinthe Count! o1 ashoe, 6tate o1 Ne;ada, did !ifuyand unla1ull! steal, tae,and carr! aa! the "ersonal "ro"ert! o1 another, to it: an i$hone o1 a ;alue o1less than -o undred i1t! Dollars L0+.#, said "ersonal "ro"ert! Aeing the

"ro"ert! o1 and oned A! C%)


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terribleo1 the ashoe Count! Bar, the red headed ste">child, the 1l! in the ointment, the "es!

ci;il rights attorne! s"ecialiing in "olice and "rosecutorial misconduct actions. and the 6BNFs

$at Ping are des"erate to get a con;iction here, e;en i1 the! ha;e to get the con;iction Aased u"on a

CC "ro;ision that does not include an intent element as "ursuing the N)6 ;ersion o1 larcen! is

more "roAlematic to in that res"ect#, hereu"on one can Ae sure that the 6BN argue that the

GintentG necessar! to su""ort a 6C) ((('# anal!sis wasnecessaril! "ro;en, conlusi;el!, A! a

con;iction in the "ett! larcen! under the CC i$hone -rial.

6C) (43#: G8 grie;ance against Aar counsel or Aar counselFs sta11 shall Ae in;estigated at

the direction o1 the "resident o1 the state Aar and heard A! the Aoard o1 go;ernors. 8 decision o1 theAoard o1 go;ernors against Aar counsel ma! Ae a""ealed to the su"reme court under the Ne;ada

)ules o1 8""ellate $rocedure.G 6uch a grie;ance against $at Ping hath no come to "ass.

urther, 6C) )ule (4(#a#>A# hold that: G6tate Aar counsel.: (. 6tate Aar counsel shall: a#

2n;estigate all matters in;ol;ing "ossiAle attorne! misconduct or inca"acit! called to Aar counselFs

attention, hether A! grie;ance or otherise. A# 6uAect to )ule (+(#, dis"ose o1 all matters

in;ol;ing alleged misconduct A! dismissal o1 the allegations# or A! the 1iling o1 a ritten

com"laint.

A#, and

then stand Aehind their or, "eriod. -his is "articularl! true here Coughlin 1iled a grie;ance

related to his seeing admission to the 6tate Bar o1 Ne;ada 1olloing his "assing hile a second

!ear la student, no less# the ul! 0( Ne;ada Aar e/amination, hereu"on $eter Christiansen, r.,

Esq. as im"ermissAl! coerced u"on Coughlin, and the Character and itness Committee indicated

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on the record that the names o1 Gthree attorne!Fs illing to re"resent !ou Ae1ore this Committee "ro

AonoG ould Ae "ro;ided to Coughlin, hereu"on Coe 6oAe tele"hone Coughlin and told him to

go to Christiansen, des"ite a""arentl! noing nothing aAout his quali1ications, hich Coughlin

did, in ?a! o1 00, onl! to Ae told A! Christiansen that the re"resentation ChristiansensFs 1irst

such endea;or to a""ear Ae1ore such Committee in such a matter# ould Ae L+,, hich

Christiansen as then "aid u" 1ront. oe;er, therea1ter, on the record and suAmitted to $at Ping

along ith emails 1rom Christiansen, threatening letters 1rom CW Committee then Chairman ?ie

)oe, Esq., and acts o1 unimaginaAle arrogance and negligence A! then Director o1 8dmissions

$atrice Eichman in unilaterall! 1ailing to suAmit Coughlins ?otion 1or Consideration u"on thee/"iration o1 the de1errment "eriod o1 CoughlinFs admissions a""lication as entered in a DecemAer

00 %rder o1 the Ne;ada 6u"reme Court des"ite CoughlinFs suAmitting the materials she hersel1

indicated he ould need to to ha;e as much tae "lace, des"ite ChristiansenFs o11ice A! then

Christiansen had schle""ed the case o11 to his 1irst !ear associate, ?ichael 6an1t, hom dro""ed

e;er! Aall hit his a!, rather than Christiansen admit that he L+, as Aasicall! 1or Christiansen

to get out o1 Aed that morning o1 the une 00 GearingG Ae1ore the CW Committee, and no more,

though no actual 1ee agreement or sco"e o1 re"resentation a""ears to ha;e e;er Aeen reduced to

riting in that regard. -he 1act that Christiansen admitted to Aeing Ggreat, longtime 1riendsG ith

his 1ello criminal de1ense attorne!, Pe;in Pell!, Esq., and that Christiansen sent Coughlin to a

GgamAling addictionG s"ecialiing "s!chologist though Coughlin has hardl! e;er gamAled at all in

his li1e, much Ae!ond going to a la school that as not accredited u"on his matriculating there,

and hich as located in a AomAed out aAandoned grade school ust o11 the =as Vegas 6tri", ith

"ro1essorFs o11ices in douAle ide moAile homes#, hom also indicated he as great 1riends ith

Pe;in Pell!, Esq., hen ;ieed in comAination ith Pell!Fs oA;ious e!l and !de a""roach ;is

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a ;is the 1irst eAruar! 00 earing at hich Coughlin a""eared "ro se, com"ared to Pell!Fs e;er

so light touch at the une 00 earing here Coughlin as re"resented A! Pell!Fs Ggreat, longtime

1riendG $eter Christiansen, r., and here Pell!Fs other Ggreat 1riendG, Dr. )oAert unter, testi1ied

on CoughlinFs Aehal1. 8 anuar! 03 letter 1rom then Chairman ?ie )oe to Coughlin, in

res"onse to Coughlin actuall! tr!ing to 1ollo u" on some due "rocess and scheduling questions he

had regarding the DecemAer 00 %rder de1erring the decision on his a""lication 1or admission,

aAsent an! actual ste"s on )oeFs "art to discern h! Christiansen as seemingl! utiliing

Coughlin as a sort o1 associate e;en here Chrisitansen had Aeen "aid, is 1urther shado!. -o Ae

1air, though, )oe "roAaAl! too Christiansen at his ord at the une 00 earing henChristiansen indicated his re"resentation as Aeing done G"ro AonoG, des"ite Christiansen ha;ing

recei;ed a coo L+P 1or hat amounted to 1iling a rather te"id ' "age $re>earing Brie1, most o1

hich as a rehash o1 the 1acts 1rom the Notice o1 earing and a $roo1 o1 6er;ice "age, hich

merel! cited to the ClaiAorne decision, and called it a da!. >y the !ay& :e'in :ey& E"-+ ha"

$een on the Character and Fitne"" Committee of the State >ar of Ne'ada for o'er a decade&

a !hie o!ning and running the S#earmint Rhino& a La" ?ega" "tri# cu$ that #ay" ca$$ie"

ten miion doar" a year to funne touri"t" from the air#ort to it" door" . $at, some attorne!Fs

get disAarred. 6ome, dis the Bar.

SCR ...(4@: Definition of B"eriou" crime+-he term serious crimeO means(# a 1elon! and 0# an! crime less than a 1elon! a nece""ary eemento1 hichis, a" determined $y the "tatutory or commona! definition of the crime,im"ro"er conduct as an attorne!, inter1erence ith the administration o1 ustice,fa"e "!earing, mi"re#re"entation, 1raud, ill1ul 1ailure to 1ile an income ta/return, deceit, AriAer!, e/tortion, mi"a##ro#riation, theft, or an attem"t or acons"irac! or solicitation o1 another to commit a serious crime.O

Coughlin C$D, Bira! Dogan, Esq. and DD8 oung, in the )C"rosecution 1or Gmisuse o1 emergenc! ser;icesG 9(( calls#, hen consideringtheir lac o1 candor to the triAunal, 1airness to o""osing counsel gi;en Coughlin1iled a Notice o1 8""earance and has the right to re"resent himsel1, and is an

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attorne!#, DD8oungFs re"eated instances o1 ;iolating N)6 ith res"ect to allmatters Aeing sta!ed u"on an %rder 1or Com"etenc! E;aluation Aeing enteredagainst a "art!, such a Coughlin, and the 1ailure o1 Dogan to alert Coughlin to, or"ro;ide an! co"! o1 de"site CoughlinFs re"eated ritten demands# the ul! 3(st,0(0 ?otion to 8mend Com"laint that, u"on udge 61erraa querr!ing DD8

oung as to hether the D8 e;en needed see an %rder alloing it to so amendsuch a Com"laint, res"onded that the D8 did not, Aut that he as ust seeingone G1or "ur"oses o1 ee"ing the record FcleanFG, hate;er in the orld thatmeans. hen ;ieed ith Dogan, oung and =eslieFs attem"ts to shu11leCoughlin on through the ?6C "rocess DD8 oung indicated, to udge61erraa, on the record, hile attem"ting to chec o1 the ?6C Ao/ minutesAe1ore the 6tart o1 the 8ugust 09th, 0(0 i$hone "ett! larcen! -rial, that heantici"ated the ?6C Gonl! taing a cou"le minutes, at mostG and 1elt it asCoughlinFs GoAstructionistG and Gdi11icultG attitude o1 Gnon>com"lianceG that as"re;enting him 1rom e11ecting his stated goal. DD8 oung clearl! suAscriAes tothe )$D )on )osaHNic Duralde school o1 GoFs that runninF 1or !aG st!le

retaliation, intimidation, and misconduct.?ost trouAling aAout Dogan and DD8 oungFs a""arent cons"irac! to

get an %rder 1or Com"etenc! E;aluation against Coughlin during theirclandestine ?6C o1 0H07H(0 hich, again, Coughlin as noticed, in riting, hadAeen continued out to ?arch 09th, 0(0#, including im"ermissiAlecommunications to the )?C and udge Nash olmes ho arguaAl! ;iolatedN)6 A! continuing on ith the tra11ic -rial ust minutes a1ter Aeing made aareo1 the 0H07H(0 %rder 1or Com"etenc! E;aluation in the )C A! Dogan and,"erha"s, A! DD8 oung as ell, is DoganFs 1ailure to in1orm Coughlin o1 DD8oungFs )$C 3.* ;iolating ?otion to 8mend Criminal Com"laint, hereinDD8 oung sees to alter the charge to one that ould in;oe a mandator!6C) ((( $etition in light o1 6C) ((('#Fs de1inition o1 a Gserious crimeG and theGstatutor! or common la de1initionG o1 the crime 1or hich DD8 oung,though lacing G"roAaAle causeG su11icient to satis1! his )$C 3.* dut!, sought toha;e so amended to an GoAstructing or resisting a "uAlic o11icerG charge, hicho1 course 1its squarel! in the Gserious crimeG de1inition set 1orth in 6C) ((('#.6o, no, udge 61erraa, Coughlin as not Go;er>la!ering itG on 8ugust 09th,0(0 during the Gonl! tae a minute at mostG ?6C Dogan and DD8 oung and=eslie# sought to sli" "ast udge 61erraa right Ae1ore the Aig i$hone "ett!larcen! trial that ma! ell decide hether Coughlin can e;er "ractice la againincluding as a "atent attorne! Ae1ore the 56$-%#. Coughlin, on the record,rised going to ail hen he indicated that hat Dogan has ust said ith res"ectto hether Coughlin oAected to the 6tateFs so amending the Com"laint, in)C)0(0>'+'3 1rom a gross misdemeanor Gmisuse o1 9((G charge to amisdemeanor GoAstructing and resisting a "uAlic o11icer chargeG. Coughlinres"onded to udge 61erraaFs incredulit! at his oAecting to amending to alesser charge Coughlin indicated doing so, hoe;er counter>intuiti;e, Gma!someho inureG to his Aene1it#, then udge 61erraa indicated CoughlinGde1initel!G as Go;er>la!ering itG...Aut then $eter . ent $eter ., liel!

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sensing an attem"t to "ull the ool o;er oneFs e!es, and Aecause Ggamerecognie game, real recognie realG...udge 61erraa decided to notcountenance Dogan and oung attem"ts to lead the )C and Coughlin Alindl!and in a ?6C that Gshould onl! last a minute or to at mostG "er DD8 oung#through their tired, tac!, hacne!ed, sordid little "lan. -here is a reason udge

61erraa is o1ten mentioned as the Aest o1 all the 1ine )C udges A! long timelocal attorne!s. Dogan and oung, des"ite Aeing ell aard o1 the 6e"temAer+th, 0(0 %rder 1or Com"etenc! E;aluation still ha;e 1ailed to ;acate the?otion earing set 1or %ctoAer 0nd, 0(0 in that regard.

6C) (((7#: G6us"ension on certi1ication. 5"on the 1iling ith the 6u"remeCourt o1 a "etition ith a certi1ied co"! o1 "roo1 o1 the con;iction,demonstrating that an attorne! has Aeen con;icted o1 a serious crime, the courtshall enter an order sus"ending the attorne!, regardless o1 the "endenc! o1 ana""eal, "ending 1inal dis"osition o1 a disci"linar! "roceeding, !hich "ha $e

commenced $y the a##ro#riate di"ci#inary $oard u#on referra $y the"u#reme court. or good cause, the court ma! set aside its order sus"ending theattorne! 1rom the "ractice o1 la.G

Both Northern Ne;ada Disci"linar! Board Chairman . -homas 6usichand Bar Counsel $atric %. Ping should 1ace sanctions 1or re"eatedl! 1ailing tocom"l! ith 6u"reme Court )ules 6C)#. ere, 6usich "ur"orts to lea;e theGschedulingG, and, there1ore Gcommencing A! the a""ro"riate disci"linar! AoardGu" to the "rosecutor, the 6tate Bar o1 Ne;ada 6BN#. -hat is lie a udge tellingthe "rosecutor to decide the case. -hese are sim"le, Aasic, notions o1 due"rocess, !et Ping and 6usich seem either con1ounded A! them, or unilling todemonstrate and 1idelit! to them. -o the e/tent their careers are 1urthered A!such a lac o1 1idelit! to 1undamental notions o1 1air "la!, these to selloutsshould Ae sanctioned. Coughlin has Aeen asing 1or a hearing since immediatel!a1ter the une 7th, 0(0 %rder -em"oraril! 6us"ending CoughlinFs =icense to$ractice =a. $erha"s so the! can get their L(, Aond under 6C) ((' in thee;ent the sus"ension lasts more than ' months, hereu"on a N. 6. Ct. %rderould also Ae required, Aut ma! also in an attem"t to "lease those ith moreuice than Coughlin 1ormer 1ederal and state "rosecutors, udges, richcommercial la attorne!s, other "uAlic and or go;ernmental attorne!s, etc., etc.#6usich a""ears to Ae, and Ping admits he is, tr!ing to "re;ent the immediatehearingCoughlin is entitled to u"on his 6C) (04#d# $etition and, arguaAl!,here one is required ithin ' da!s o1 the Court re1erring the 6C) ((( $etition%rder to the Board 1or the Gsole "ur"oseG o1 determining CoughlinFs "unishment1or one thing, and one thing onl!, the Gserious crimeG o1 "ett! larcen! o1 Gacand! Aar and some cough dro"sG hich Coughlin has thoroughl! shon to ha;eAeen rendered 1rom a "roceeding holl! de;oid o1 due "rocess. 6ee 37 C)((.04, ((.0+, and ((.'.

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SCR ...(5@: G)e1erral to disci"linar! Aoard. 5"on recei"t o1 a "etition 1iledunder suAsection 4 o1 this rule, demonstrating that an attorne! has Aeencon;icted o1 a "eriou" crime, the su"reme court shall, in addition to sus"endingthe attorne! in accordance ith the "ro;isions o1 suAsection 7 o1 this rule, re1erthe matter to the a""ro"riate disci"linar! Aoard 1or the institution o1 a 1ormal

hearing Ae1ore a hearing "anel in hich the "oe i""ue to Ae determined shall Aethe e/tent o1 the disci"line to Ae im"osed...G

2ts ust sad to see hat has ha""ened to the legal "ro1ession. -hese da!s its ust an

o""ortunistic, sel1>concerned, social climAing collection o1 Aeta males, Aullies, and "rincesses, ith

onl! a 1e actual legitimate male and 1emale attorne!s scattered throughout the Bar. o else does

something lie a, so 1ar, 1our month sus"ension o1 a la!erFs license o;er a cand! Aar occurI

Es"eciall! here the con;iction has Aeen so thoroughl! e/"osed.


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6er;ices# ha;e had on CoughlinFs onder1ul, onder1ul "arents, ?ar! Eleanor Barer and -imoth!

D. Coughlin, ?D, and his Arothers and sisters, "aramour, and others suggests a san song 1or

Ni1ong need Ae "ing "onged along to the throng ho hat done ronged Coughlin here. E;en i1

onl! to send a clarion call out to CourtFs throughout Ne;ada, "olice de"artments, and "rosecutors

alie.

-o get an idea o1 ho horriAl! co>o"ted 6C) ((( can Aecome in the hands o1 "rosecutors

lie DD8 Zach Ni1ong, er, DD8 oung, the Cit! o1 )enoFs $amela )oAerts, Christo"her alett>

6te;ens, ill Drae, 8llison %rmaas, and the 6BNFs $atric %. Ping, one might re;ie . 6. Ct. case

no: +7'9', 2N )E: D26C2$=2NE % D8V2D =. -8NNE). Coughlin has Aeen sus"ended o;er

three months no o;er a Gcand! Aar and some cough dro"sG, hereas -anner re"ortedl! had to

mae resitituion o1 some L(', incident to his "ett! larcen! con;iction. -anner, hoe;er, did not

seem to dare "oint out an! o1 the constitutional la issues relati;e to "olice and "rosecutorial

misconduct. ou no, Gthe minute detailsG or minutiae that so GAogged donG Coughlin. urther

trouAling is the 1act that the Ne;ada 6u"reme Court ClerFs %11ice did mae a notation or otherise

mar as recei;ed -annerFs %""osition to the 6BNFs 6C) ((( $etition, hereas, CoughlinFs,

suAmitted ?a! 04th, 0(0 in res"onse to the ?a! (th, 0(0 6BN 6C) ((( $etition 1iling, as not

notated in an! a! in the docet, or a""arentl! Arought to an! ustices attention, and onl! a1ter the

une 7th, 0(0 %rder sus"ending Coughlin and the nationall! "uAlished 8ssociated $ress article o1

une 9th, 0(( detailing G)eno 8ttorne! 6us"ended 1or 6ho"li1ting rom al>?artG did the ClerFs

%11ice 1inall! 1ile, on une (th, 0(0, CoughlinFs %""osition to the 6BNFs 6C) ((( $etition. -he

im"lication is clear: in Ne;ada, donFt !ou dare mention the Em"erorFs clothes to the Gold Ao!s and

girls cluAG or otherise inter1ere ith the re;enue stream o1 the )?C, or suAect the Cit! o1 )eno

to 40 56C 6ec. (9*3 liaAilit! on account o1 the 1allout sure to ensue hen it continues to hire loose

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cannons hose quali1ications include the un1ortunate characteristics toards misconduct e/hiAited

here A! Duralde and )osa. -he Cit! o1 )eno could ha;e gotten out o1 this 1or L+,. 2nstead, Cit!

8ttorne! ohn Gohniee e;erG Padlic, Esq. ha;e suAected e;er!one to this. 8nd, Dan ong aHHa

GDon angG, $at PingFs aHHa G$att! 2ceG# old co>orer at the 8ttorne! (7* also no on a""eal in Ne;ada 6u"reme Court case '(3*3, the costs associated

ith Aeing hard to meet gi;en that the )C is still holding on to a""ro/imatel! L0, orth o1 Aail

incident to the three charges currentl! "ending against Coughlin, des"ite Coughlin ha;ing ser;ed 4'

da!s in ail in the CDC since 8ugust 0th, 0(( alone, in connecdtion ith the ( se"arate

instances here local la en1orcement and or the udiciar! ha;e arrested Coughlin 1or, inter alia,

a!aling, disturAing the "eace, 1ailure to secure a load on oneFs truc, criminal tres"ass at oneFs

1ormer la o11ice here the 6ummar! E;iction as ne;er "ro"erl! ser;ed and the locout as

unla1ull! done, allegedl! GstealingG a cand! Aar and some cough dro"s here Coughlin

"ur"ortedl! ate them hile sho""ing 1or an! "a!ing 1or L*3.*0 orth o1 groceries, a summar!

contem"t %rder 1or Coughlin sa!ing GoG in res"onse to udge Penneth oard o1 the )?C

re1using to grant a continuance, the 1irst one requested A! Coughlin in the matter, des"ite )ichard


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Cit! o1 )eno one that CoughlinFs then attorne! =e -aitel agreed to Ae1ore surre"tiousl! Aoing

out o1 the case in light o1 the oA;ious con1lict that should ha;e "re;ented him 1rom taing on

CoughlinFs re"resentation and ;ieing con1idential in1ormation thereto, ie, -aitels "artnershi" ith

Ne;ada Court 6er;ices, "ur;e!ors o1 Ge;iction consulting ser;ices and "rocess ser;iceG that rees

o1 the unauthoried "ractice o1 la, and hom Coughlin com"laint o1 criminal tres"ass and sought

to 1ile his on criminal tres"ass Com"laint against ith the Cit! o1 )eno and )$D, to no a;ail, 1or

NC6Fs conduct on multi"le occasions in attem"tign to unla1ull! enter CoughlinFs rentals at )i;er

)oc and at Northind 8"arments, and hom Coughlin 1iled a ci;il action against, on %ctoAer

(9th, 0(( in CV((>3+(. -he 1act that soon a1ter -aitel recei;ed the con1idential disco;er!"ro"ounded to him incident to re"resenting Coughlin, )ichard


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DisaAilit! "etition ith the 6BN and, to Ae sure, 6C) ((7 is clear ith res"ect to the 1act that

hile a disaAilit! 1inding sta!s an! "ending disci"linar! matter, it surel! does not, ultimatel!, mae

it go aa!. 6o des"ite ?r. Ping and Bar Counsel Da;id ClarFs suggestions, it is not "ermissiAle

to attem"t to coerce an attorne! into oining in on a 6C) ((7 $etition es"eciall! one as Aacard,

ignorant, and 1raudulent at the one Ping and Disci"linar! Board Chairman . -homas 6usich 1iled

on une (*th, 0(0 against Coughlin in '97+# A! means o1 dangling the suggestion that an 6C)

((( $etition Aased u"on a criminal tres"ass con;iction ould, instead, not Ae 1iled. hile the

6BNFs $at Ping threatens Coughlin ith 1iling an 6C) ((('# "etition Aased u"on a criminal

tres"ass con;iction, the modern age, hat ith its dataAases and numAer and te/t searchaAilit! ma!caution Ping against doing so lest the 6BN Ae 1orced to, PonigsAerg gridHE/cel s"readsheet st!le,

e/"lain h! it GchoseG to 1ile a Gmandator!G 6C) ((( $etition here or there here it 1ailed to here

or there. urther, some interesting things are re;ealed u"on a re;ie o1 such a data set tae the

names o1 attorne!s on the BarFs rolls and run it against a dataAase o1 "ett! larcen! con;ictions, then

cross that against entries 1or 6C) ((( $etitions on the docet, and hat do !ou getI Does it re;eal

a Ait more GdiscretionG than the 6BN ould lie to admit ha;ing ;is a ;is 6C) (((I 2s there an

estaAlished "attern o1 1a;oraAle "lea agreements Aeing o11ered to attorne!Fs charged ith 6C)

((('# t!"es o1 o11enses here such attorne!Fs G"la! AallG ith the "rosecutors or their ci;il la

counter"arts across the halla! at the Cit! 8ttorne!Fs or District 8ttorne!Fs %11icesI#.

8ssistant Bar Counsel $at PingFs conduct here has gone Ae!ond rong1ul. rom his

"ur"orting to allo Coughlin to ;ie the grei;ancesHcom"laints, and accom"!ing materials

suAmitted against him hich Ping re1used to do 1or months and still to this da! 1ails to 1ull! allo

Coughlin access to, including the matter o1 ho 1iled the Aar grie;ance consisting o1 amil! Court

udge =.


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GCit! allG#. 8s -om %rlich or $ete $adgett ho Coughlin does ith douAle and tri"le teams, and

hate;er other gimmic! schemes that ma! Ae thron his a!. 2ts gonna Ae all "um" 1aes,

G"atented s"in mo;eG, u" and unders, o11 glass, de1t le1t hand, G?caleFs 6a!eeG, and tri"s to the

1ree thro line 1or Coughlin. Coughlin is the 6tate o1 Ne;adaFs all>time leader in 1ree thros

attem"ted in high school AasetAall, indicating he has Aeen non to Gor the re1sG hether the

ear stri"ed shirts, or, some might sa!, Alac roAes and still ons the record 1or most "oints scored

in a season at Ne;adaFs oldest high school, )eno igh no, Elo, that doesnFt count, either#, ith

''( "oints in (99+. -hose ''( "oints ere scored hile shooting '+.4X 1rom the 1ield, still good

enough 1or eighth "lace all>time on in the National ederation o1 igh 6choolFs )ecord Boo, theonl! indi;idual entr! 1rom the state o1 Ne;ada 1ound therein, and suggesti;e that Coughlin, contrar!

to the L4,+ attorne!Fs 1ees aard against Coughlin "ersonall! in the a""eal o1 the e;iction 1rom

his 1ormer home la o11ice in CV((>3'0*, does ha;e the aAilit! to udge hether something is a

Gslam dunG or not ie, hether, underAnvuia genuine, material issue o1 1act or la e/ists#.

hether an con;iction in the i$hone "ett! larcen! CC ;ersion trial ould amount to a

6C) (((0# Gserious crimeG liel! ma! in;ol;ed an anal!sis o1 the 1olloing authorit!:

Gclient# and a man "osing as someone elese# e/ecutedthe Aill o1sale ith 6loanFs assistance in 6loanFs o11ice...8ccordingto 6loan, =amA led him toAelie;e at this time note: months a1ter the e/ecution o1the Aill o1 sale# that Aoth =amA and Brinerho11 had Aeenin;ol;ed in a 1raudulent scheme concerning the sale o1stolen 1arm equi"ment.6loan did not contact the authorities aAout the in1ormationhe recei;ed 1rom =amA. 6loan,hoe;er, as later a""roached A! the ashoe Count!District 8ttorne!Fs %11ice aAout thesale o1 the stolen tractor, and 6loan then e/"lained to theDistrict 8ttorne! that he had notnon the tractor as stolen at the time he "re"ared theAill o1 sale. 6loan 1urther e/"lained

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the authorities that a crime has taen "lace. 8ccordingl!,under the circumstances o1 this case,e must conclude that the Board erred A! concluding that6loan as con;icted o1 a seriouscrime ithin the meaning o1 6C) ((( 0#.G 6loan ;. 6tate

Bar o1 Ne;ada, (0 Ne;. 43', at 44( 70' $.0d 33, at 3*+Ne;.,(9*'#. em"hasis added#.

But, rememAer, amended his Com"laint, in sus"icious connection ith the ;ideo o1 the

arrest a""earing on .!outuAe.com and Duralde sudden creation o1 a Narrati;e on No;emAer

0*th, 0((, o;er three months a1ter the arrest and, rememAer, the )?C udge Penneth oard

and Cit! o1 )eno "rosecutor $amela )oAerts, Esq., aAsolutel! thre the liArar!, not ust the Aoo at

Coughlin to da!s later on No;emAer 3th, 0(( at -rial in )?C (( C) 00(7' hen Coughlinas denied his 6i/th 8mendment )ight -o Counsel, ith onl! and indication 1rom udge oard

that the charge t!"icall! does not result in ail time and the 0* Ne;ada Courts o1 =imited

urisdiction Bench Boo and 0( 6u""lement# e/"licitl! sets 1orth the Ainding, mandator!

"recedent o1 8ingersinger, hich states that the Gmere "ossiAilit!G o1 ail time results in a 6i/th

8mendment requirement 1or a""ointed counsel, and gi;en that udge oard sentenced,

summaril!, "racticing attorne! Coughlin to three da!s in ail, Aeginning right then>the ?arshals

rushed u" to Coughlin at 9 "m at night at the -rialFs conclusion and 1orced cu11s on him, re1using to

allo Coughlin to e;en sa;e his trial notes on his com"uter, and udge oard denied CoughlinFs

?otion 1or 6ta! the second Coughlin 1inished uttering the ord G6ta!G, re1using to allo an!

argument thereto, including hether CoughlinFs clientFs ould Ae undul! "reudiced, Ae!ond udge

oard curtl! mentioning ho terriAl! GsaddenedG it made him to thin o1 the damage that might

Ae done to CoughlinFs clientFs interests A! the summar! contem"t %rder and immediate

incarceration. -he lac o1 due "rocess in that case is set 1orth in e/"licit details in the 1ilings,

a;ailaAle on the Ne;ada 6u"reme CourtFs eAsite, in '(*3*#.

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DD8 oung chose to charge Coughlin ith the "etit larcen! code section 1ound in the

ashoe Count! Code. e did that 1or a reason. 2ts easier to a get a con;iction under CC +3.('

o1 "etit larcen!, gi;en the 1act that GintentG is not an element in CC +3.(', hile it is a required

element o1 the N)6 ;ersion o1 "etit! larcen! in N)6 N)6 0+.04 hich is too Aad, Aecause N)6

0+.*30 ould ha;e hel"ed DD8 oung get the language he needs to attem"t to mae Glost,

mislaid or aAandondedG "ro"ert! a suAect o1 "etit larcen!. oe;er, DD8 oung must tae the

good ith the Aad. -he good aAout CC +3.(': he doesnFt need to "ro;e Coughlin had the intent

to steal. -he Bad: there is nothing in the CC that accom"lished hat N)6 0+.*30d# does 1or

the N)6 ie, de1ines the1t to include situations here one,, under N)6 0+.*30d# : GComes intocontrol o1 lost, mislaid or misdeli;ered "ro"ert! o1 another "erson under circumstances "ro;iding

means o1 inquir! as to the true oner and a""ro"riates that "ro"ert! to his or her on use or that o1

another "erson ithout reasonaAle e11orts to noti1! the true oner.G#. %ood !ith the $ad+ Too

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a##ri"e defendant of !hat to defend again"t. 5.6.C.8. Const.8mend. Ne;ius ;. 6umner, (9**,

*+0 .0d 4'3. 8ccusation must include such a descri"tion o1 the acts alleged to ha;e Aeen

committed as ill enaAle the accused to de1end against the accusation. N.).6. (73.7+, suAd. (.

6heri11, Clar Count! ;. Blaso, (9*0, '47 $.0d 37(, 9* Ne;. 307. %eneray& an information

!hich charge" an offen"e "oey in term" of concu"ory anguage doe" not #ro'ide ade-uate

notice of the charge" to accu"ed and therefore doe" not "tate a #u$ic offen"e. =emAeres ;.

6tate, (9*(, '34 $.0d (0(9, 97 Ne;. 490. 2n the in1ormation, the "rosecution is required to mae a

de1inite statement o1 1acts constituting the o11ense in order adequatel! to noti1! the accused o1 the

charges and to "re;ent the "rosecution 1rom circum;enting the notice requirement A! changingtheories o1 the case. N.).6. (73.(+, (73.7+, suAd. (. 6heri11, Clar Count! ;. =e;inson, (979,

+9' $.0d 030, 9+ Ne;. 43'. 2ndictments hich set out statements o1 acts constituting the o11enses

in such a manner as to in1orm the accused ith reasonaAle certaint! o1 the s"eci1ic o11ense ith

hich he is charged are su11icient. 6tate ;. Benigas, (979, +94 $.0d 704, 9+ Ne;. 3+*. 8ccused

has right to Ae in1ormed o1 nature and cause o1 accusation against him and must Ae a11orded a

reasonaAle o""ortunit! to oAtain itnesses in his 1a;or. Zessman ;. 6tate, (97*, +73 $.0d ((74, 94

Ne;. 0*.

38 Am+ ur+ 1d Larceny 35+ A$andoned& o"t& or mi"aid #ro#ert!:?ost modern authorit! holds that larcen! ma! Ae committed hen a "erson 1indsand retains an onerFs lost "ro"ert!,R(S so long as it as the 1inderFs intent tode"ri;e the oner o1 the "ro"ert!.R0S -o estaAlish the o11ense o1 the1t o1 lost ormislaid "ro"ert!, the state must "ro;e: (# that the "ro"ert! as lost or mislaid,

0# that the de1endant ne or learned the onerFs identit! or learned o1 areasonaAle method o1 identi1!ing the oner, and + 8m. ur. 0d =arcen! Q +* 3#that the de1endant 1ailed to tae reasonaAle measures to return the "ro"ert!.R3Shen one acquires lost "ro"ert! hich he or she nos to ha;e Aeen lost ormislaid and does not tae reasonaAle measures to return it to its oner, theacquirer commits larcen! i1 his or her intent is to dis"ose o1 the "ro"ert! 1or theacquirerFs on Aene1it or that o1 another "erson.R 4S -aing or ithholding o1such "ro"ert! is not rong1ul unless the 1inder 1ailed to tae reasonaAle measures

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to return the "ro"ert! to its true oner.R+S -here is authorit! that there can Ae nocon;iction 1or the o11ense o1 the1t o1 lost or mislaid "ro"ert! ithout su11iciente;idence that the "ro"ert! as actuall! lost or mislaid.R'S %ther authorit! statesthat, Ae1ore larcen! o1 such "ro"ert! ma! Ae charged, there must Ae e;idence thatthe oner still claims a right or interest in the "ro"ert!.R7S A$andoned #ro#erty

i" not the "u$=ect of arceny&R9S Aecause "ro"ert! that has Aeen ;oluntaril!aAandoned A! the oner Aecomes suAect to a""ro"riation A! the 1irst taer or1inder, ho acquires it aAsolutel!.R(S -he ?odel $enal Code "ro;ides that a"erson ho comes into control o1 "ro"ert! o1 another noing it to ha;e Aeenlost, mislaid, or deli;ered under a mistae as to the nature or amount o1 the"ro"ert! or the identit! o1 the reci"ient is guilt! o1 the1t i1, ith a "ur"ose tode"ri;e the oner o1 it, the "erson 1ails to tae reasonaAle measures to restore the"ro"ert! to the one entitled to ha;e it.R((S

RN(S =ong ;. 6tate, 33 8la. 8"". 334, 33 6o. 0d 3*0 (94*# Calhoun ;. 6tate,(9( ?iss. *0, 0 6o. 0d *0 (94(# 6tate ;. Pau1man, 3( N..0d 79 N.D.

(9*(# 6tate ;. ?ac, 3( %r. 8"". +9, +'9 $.0d '04 (977# 6tate ;. im, (3 %r.8"". 0(, +* $.0d 4'0 (973#. 8s to stra! animals, see QQ +4, ++. 8s to hen1inder o1 lost goods ma! Ae guilt! o1 larcen!, see Q **. RN0S 6tate ;. ?oore, 4'N.C. 8"". 0+9, 0'4 6.E.0d *99 (9*#. RN3S 6tate ;. 6mith, 07' ?ont. 434, 9('$.0d 773 (99'#. RN4S $eo"le ;. Dadon, ('7 ?isc. 0d '0*, '4 N..6.0d 40+Cit! Crim. Ct. (99'#. RN+S 6tate ;. E;ans, ((9 2daho 3*3, *7 $.0d '0 Ct.8"". (99(#. RN'S 6tate ;. ?ac, 3( %r. 8"". +9, +'9 $.0d '04 (977#. loraldesigns "laced u"on a gra;e are o1 ;alue to their donors so long as the! remain ina condition to ser;e the intended "ur"ose, Aut hen the! ha;e ithered and diedthe! cease to Ae the suAect o1 larcen!. Busler ;. 6tate, (*( -enn. '7+, (*46..0d 04 (944#. RN7S 6hedd ;. 6tate, 3+ 6o. 0d (*+ la. Dist. Ct. 8"". (stDist. (977#. RN9S Mori""ette '+ U+S+& 2/1 U+S+ 1/4& 01 S+ Ct+ 1/8& 64 L+ Ed+155 (.631@9 Com+ '+ Wetmore& 28. ;a+ Su#er+ 208& //0 A+1d .8.1 (.651@ .RN(S 8m. ur. 0d, 8Aandoned, =ost, and 5nclaimed $ro"ert! Q 07. RN((S?odel $enal Code Q 003.+.G

Larceny $y finder of #ro#erty& 24 A+L+R+ 2017

2 =ost "ro"ert!a


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"I+Lost property

a+ General rule

-he general rule is that the 1inder o1 lost "ro"ert! is not guilt! o1 larcen! unless hea""ro"riates the same to his on use ith noledge o1, or the immediate means o1

ascertaining, the oner thereo1, and ith 1elonious intent entertained at the time o1 the1inding. 6ee the cases cited throughout this annotation.

-hus, in the re"orted case 8tinson ;. Birmingham, ante, 3''#, it is held that thea""ro"riation o1 mone! 1ound on a "uAlic street is not larcen! here the oner thereo1 isnot in sight, no mars a""ear on the mone!, and no other means o1 ascertaining the trueoner are a;ailaAle at the time the 1inder a""ro"riates it.

-he rule as stated A! the court in the 1olloing language in Com. ;. ?etcal1e (9(9#(*4 P!. +4, 0(0 6.. 434: G-he 1inder o1 lost "ro"ert!, here there is no clue to theonershi", although inad;ertentl! or negligentl! lost, Aecomes the oner o1 the"ro"ert!, here the oner is ne;er disco;ered and 1ails to assert his onershi", and

hence a 1inder o1 lost "ro"ert! is not guilt! o1 larcen! hen he taes "ossession o1 andcon;erts to his use "ro"ert! the oner o1 hich he does not no, and here he has noclue to the onershi" Aut, i1 the 1inder has a clue to the onershi" o1 the "ro"ert!, thetaing ill Ae larcen!, i1 1eloniousl! done.G

6o the rule clearl! deduciAle 1rom the authorities is that i1 the 1inder o1 lost articlesneither nos nor has an! immediate means o1 ascertaining the oner, and a""ro"riatesthem to his on use, he is not guilt! o1 larcen!, hate;er ma! Ae his intent at the time. 21he does no, or has the immediate means o1 ascertaining, ho the oner is, there mustAe a 1elonious intent to steal at the time o1 the taing in order to constitute larcen! and asuAsequentl! 1ormed intent is not su11icient. Breer ;. 6tate (9(# 93 8r. 479, 3

=.).8. N.6.# 339, (0+ 6.. (07, 0 8nn. Cas. (37*.-he mere 1act that a "erson con;erts to his on use goods 1ound A! him does not, as amatter o1 la, mae him guilt! o1 the1t. -he question o1 guilt must Ae determined A! theur! 1rom the attending circumstances, such as the descri"tion o1 goods 1ound, the "laceo1 1inding, the time ela"sing Aeteen the 1inding and the con;ersion, the "roAaAilit! o1the oner Aeing disco;ered, the manner o1 dealing ith the goods, and the e11ort or anto1 e11ort to disco;er the oner. )eg. ;. 6la;in (9# 3+ N. B. 3**.b+Lost goods as subject of larceny

-he authorities 1urnish a strong color 1or the o"inion, hich "erha"s is entertainedgenerall!, that ancientl! goods casuall! lost ere not considered to Ae the suAect o1larcen! under an! circumstances. )ansom ;. 6tate (*+0# 00 Conn. ('(. Baron $are, inthe leading case u"on the suAect under consideration, reached this conclusion 1rom are;ie o1 the earliest authorities, sa!ing: G2n the earliest times it as held that chattelshich ere a""arentl! ithout an oner, nullius in Aonis, could not Ae the suAect o1larcen!. 6taun1ord, one o1 the oldest authorities on criminal la, ho as a udge in thereign o1 $hili" and ?ar!, sa!s A. (, cha". ('#: F-reasure tro;e, rec o1 the sea, ai1 orstra!, taen and carried aa!, is not 1elon!. G@uia dominus rerum non a""aret, ideocuus sunt incertum est.GF or this he quotes it. 8Ar. FCoron.,F "". (*7, 0'+. -hese"assages are taen 1rom 00 8ss. 99, 00 Ed. 222., and mention onl! Ftreasure tro;e,F

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?%-2%N %) ?26-)28= 8ND ?E?%)8ND5? % =8


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Frec,F and Fai1F and itherAert sa!s the "unishment 1or taing such is not the loss o1li1e or limA. -he "assage in 3 Co. 2nst. (*, goes Ae!ond this. =ord Coe mentions threecircumstances as material in larcen!: 1irst, the taing must Ae 1elonious, hich hee/"lains secondl!, it must Ae an actual taing, hich he also e/"lains thirdl!, it is notA! tro;er or 1inding. e then "roceeds as 1ollos: F21 one lose his goods, and another 1ind

them, though he con;ert them animo 1urandi to his on use, it is not larcen!, 1or the 1irsttaing is la1ul so i1 one 1ind treasure tro;e, or ai1, or stra! here GrecG is omittedand Gstra!G introduced#, and con;ert them ut su"ra, it is no larcen!, Aoth in res"ect o1 the1inding, and that Gdominus rerum non a""aret.GFG )eg. ;. -horAurn (*49# ( Den. C. C.Eng.# 3*7, -em"le W?. '7, 0 Car. W P. *3(, (* =. . ?ag. Cas. N. 6. (4, (3 ur. 499, re"orted also as )eg.;. ood, 3 Co/, C. C. 4+3, 3 Ne. 6ess. Cas. +*(.

d+ Intent of finder: E;er! taing A! one "erson o1 the "ersonal "ro"ert! o1 anotherithout his consent is not larcen! and this although it is taen ithout right or claim o1right. 6u"eradded to this there must Ae a 1elonious intent, ithout hich there can Ae nocrime. -o render the 1inder o1 lost goods guilt! o1 larcen! an intent to con;ert themaAsolutel! to his on use must coe/ist ith the act o1 1inding. 21 such intent does note/ist at the time o1 the 1inding, Aut, instead, the 1inder intends to restore the "ro"ert! tothe oner, a suAsequent concealment, or 1raudulent a""ro"riation, does not constitutelarcen!. Ne;ada: State '+ Cifford .506# ./ Ne'. 01, 22 Am. Re#. 314 +

It !a" "aid in Rountree '+ State (.500@ 35 Aa+ 25.& that the mere ta)ing a!ay

of found #ro#erty& !ith intent to con'ert it to the finder*" u"e& i" not "ufficient to

con"titute arceny& a" there mu"t a"o a##ear a feoniou" intent+

G-he 1inder o1 "ersonal "ro"ert! hich has Aeen inad;ertentl! or negligentl! lost, andho taes it into his "ossession, thereA! se;ers the "ossession o1 the oner Aut the

1inder does not commit larcen! in so doing, unless he taes it ith the intention toa""ro"riate it to his on use, and to "ermanentl! de"ri;e the oner o1 his "ro"ert! anduse o1 it.G Com. ;. ?etcal1e (9(9# (*4 P!. +4, 0(0 6.. 434.

2n Berr! ;. 6tate %la.# su"ra, it as held that the intent to a""ro"riate lost"ro"ert! to the 1inderFs on use as estaAlished A! e;idence that he hid it instead o1maing reasonaAle e11orts to restore it to the oner.-he question hether the goods ere taen originall! A! the accused 1eloniousl!, animo1urandi, is ala!s a question o1 1act, and usuall! the "rinci"al one, 1or the ur! todetermine. )ansom ;. 6tate (*+0# 00 Conn. ('(. -his intent need not Ae "ro;ed A!"ositi;e testimon!, Aut ma! Ae in1erred 1rom circumstances. ea;er ;. 6tate (**4# 778la. 0', + 8m. Crim. )e".

3''. 2t ma! Ae ascertained, lie the intent ith hich an! other act is done, A! a care1ule/amination o1 the 1acts and circumstances "receding, attending, and 1olloing the1inding. 8llen;. 6tate (*9# 9( 8la. (9, 04 8m. 6t. )e". *+', * 6o. ''+ ol1ington ;. 6tate (*7'#+3 2nd.343. 2nquiries ma! Ae made as to the manner in hich the 1inder conducted himsel1 iththe goods, and his "resent means o1 noing or ascertaining the oner. 8llen ;. 6tate8la.# su"ra.

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?%-2%N %) ?26-)28= 8ND ?E?%)8ND5? % =8


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-o constitute larcen! there must Ae a criminal intent at the time o1 the taing. Drummond;. 6tate (9(3# 7( -e/. Crim. )e". 0', (+* 6.. +49, holding that here a Ao! 1ound a"air o1 glo;es, and too them into his "ossession 1or the "ur"ose o1 carr!ing them to the"erson hom he su""osed to Ae the oner, and later, learning that another "erson hadlost glo;es and ad;ertised 1or the same, too them to him and le1t them u"on Aeing

assured that the! Aelonged to the third "erson, he had no such intent to steal as isnecessar! to constitute larcen!.

-o constitute the1t, said the -e/as court o1 a""eals, Gthe 1raudulent intent, hich is thegist o1 this o11ense, must e/ist in the mind o1 the taer at the ;er! time o1 the taing and,in the case o1 lost "ro"ert!, the time o1 the taing is the time o1 the 1inding o1 the"ro"ert!. 21 the 1raudulent intent did not e/ist at the time o1 the taing, no suAsequent1raudulent intent in relation to the "ro"ert! ill constitute the1t.G ?artine ;. 6tate (**4#(' -e/. 8"". (00.

G2t ma! reasonaAl! Ae said not to Ae a ;iolation o1 an! social dut! 1or a man ho 1inds alost article to tae it home 1or the "ur"ose o1 1inding out the true oner and i1 he does

this honestl! in the 1irst instance, and a1terards, though he ma! ha;e disco;ered thetrue oner, is seduced into a""ro"riating to his on use, he is not guilt! o1 larcen!,though he does rong.G )eg. ;. )ile! (*+'# Dears. C. C. Eng.# (49.

-he su"reme udicial court o1 ?assachusetts, in an o"inion A!


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-he other element o1 the o11ense, in addition to the intent to tae com"lete and e/clusi;edominion o;er the goods 1ound, relates to noledge or notice as to the oner. 21 the1inder, at the time o1 1inding, does not no ho is the oner o1 the "ro"ert!, and thereare no mars thereon, or other circumstances A! hich the oner ma! Ae disco;ered, thea""ro"riation to the 1inderFs use does not amount to larcen!.A man& )no!ing the o!ner

of good"& cannot a!fuy #ic) them u# !ithout returning them to him9 $ut a man&not )no!ing the o!ner& can+ The doctrine& therefore& i" that if& !hen one ta)e"

good" into hi" hand"& he "ee" a$out them any mar)"& or other!i"e earn" any fact"&

$y !hich he )no!" !ho the o!ner i"& yet !ith feoniou" intent a##ro#riate" them to

hi" o!n u"e& he i" guity of arceny9 other!i"e not+ Some of the ca"e" "ay if he )no!"

!ho the o!ner i"& or ha" the mean" of a"certaining9 $ut the $etter form of the

doctrine i" a" =u"t "et do!n& $ecau"e e'ery man& $y ad'erti"ing and in-uiring& can

find the o!ner if he i" to $e found& >re!er '+ State (Ar)+@ "u#ra+

-he court said in )andal ;. 6tate ?iss.# su"ra, that Git is a settled "rinci"le o1 la that i1one lose his goods, and another 1ind them and con;ert them to his on use, not noingthe oner, this is no larcen!.G 6imilarl! it as said in ol1ington ;. 6tate 2nd.# su"ra,

that Gi1 the 1inder does not no, and has not, at the time o1 taing "ossession o1 thegoods, the means o1 then noing the oner, the case is one o1 tro;er and con;ersion,and not o1 larcen!.G

-he mere 1act o1 a "ersonFs con;erting to his on use goods 1ound A! him, regardless o1the attending circumstances, does not, as a matter o1 la, mae him guilt! o1 the1t. )eg.;. 6la;in N. B.# su"ra.

Con;ersel!, i1, at the time o1 the taing, the taer nos or has means o1 disco;ering theoner, it is his legal and moral dut! to hold and restore the goods to him and i1, undersuch circumstances, he aAsolutel! a""ro"riates them to his on use, e/cluding thedominion o1 the oner, it is larcen!.

Effort to find o!ner+6ince the 1inderFs Aelie1, or ground o1 Aelie1, in regard to 1inding the oner, is to Aedetermined A! the circumstances a""arent to him at the time o1 1inding the "ro"ert!, guiltcannot Ae "redicated o1 a 1ailure to e/ercise diligence to 1ind the oner. -he 1inder is notAound to search 1or or to tae an! other measures to disco;er the oner. Broos ;. 6tate(*7*# 3+ %hio 6t. 47 -anner ;. Com. (*+7# (4


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no longer on it. 6ome might sa! the i$hone ould Ae at the Aottom o1 the -rucee )i;er, and

de;oid o1 ;alue, and there1ore inca"aAle o1 Aeing larcenied.

II+Mislaid property

a+ Generally

$ro"ert! hich the oner intentionall! so "laces that he can re;ert to it, and then1orgets, is mislaid, as distinguished 1rom lost "ro"ert!, hich is that ith hich theoner accidentall! "arts and does not at an! time no here to 1ind. 6ee )eg. ;.est (*+4# ' Co/, C. C. 4(+, Dears. C. C. 40, 3 C. =. ). *', 04 =. . ?ag. Cas. N.6. 4, (* ur. (3, 3 ee. )e". 0(, 09 Eng. =. W Eq. )e". +0+, and the cases citedthroughout this suAdi;ision.

5nlie lost "ro"ert!, the 1inder o1 mislaid "ro"ert! acquires no right to its "ossession,the right o1 tem"orar! "osession Aeing in the oner or occu"ant o1 the "remises hereit is 1ound. 8ccordingl! the general rule is that a "erson is guilt! o1 larcen! i1, ith1elonious intent, he a""ro"riates to his on use "ro"ert! merel! mislaid, though hehas no noledge or means o1 noledge as to the true oner2n 6tate ;. Craig 6.C.#su"ra, it as held that the de1endant as guilt! o1 larcen! in a""ro"riating to his onuse a "ocetAoo inad;ertentl! le1t on a seat o1 a street car. 2n sustaining thecon;iction the court said: G-he e;idence shos that the "urse as not lost "ro"ert!,Aut mis"laced "ro"ert!. -he conductor sa the "urse, as going to "ic it u", hende1endant too it. -he "ro"ert! as mislaid, and accidentall! le1t on the trolle! car itas ne;er lost or aAandoned. -he de1endant reasonaAl! su""osed the oner could Ae1ound, and he ne that it as not lost "ro"ert!, Aut mis"laced, and accidentall! le1there he "iced it u".G8 "urse accidentall! le1t in a store is not lost, Aut mislaid, so that a 1inder ho

a""ro"riates it ith 1elonious intent is guilt! o1 larcen!. 6tate ;. ?cCann ?o.# su"ra)eg. ;. est (*+4# ' Co/, C. C. Eng.# 4(+, Dears. C. C. 40, 3 C. =. ). *', 04 =. .?ag. Cas. N. 6. 4, 09 Eng. =. W Eq. )e". +0+, (* ur. (3(, 3 ee. )e". 0(.

6o, a "ocetAoo or other "ro"ert! laid don in a AarAer sho" is merel! mis"laced,and a 1inder ho a""ro"riates it ma! Ae con;icted o1 larcen!. =arence ;. 6tate-enn.# su"ra )eg.;. ?oore (*'(# * Co/, C. C. Eng.# 4(', 7 ur. N. 6. (70, =eigh W C. C. C. (, 3 =.. ?ag. Cas. N. 6. 77, 3 =. -. N. 6. 7(, 9 ee. )e". 07'.

8nd i1 a "erson "ics u" and a""ro"riates a ring, mone!, or other "ro"ert! mislaid or

dro""ed in a delling house, he is guilt! o1 larcen! o1 mislaid "ro"ert!. 6tate ;.Cummings (*''# 33 Conn. 0'4, *9 8m. Dec. 0* )oAerts ;. 6tate (**9# *3


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0. -he ;alue o1 "ro"ert! in;ol;ed in larcen! o11enses committed A! one or more"ersons "ursuant to a scheme or continuing course o1 conduct ma! Ae aggregated indetermining the grade o1 the larcen! o11enses.G

2ndeed, )$D %11icer DuraldeFs 8rrest )e"ort reads: GNe/t 2 s"oe to the ;ictim, Cor!


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it light u", that is hardl! conclusi;e "roo1 that the "hone is


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2t ould Ae inaccurate to suggest


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sin on his "enis, does that mean the detainee is Gtr!ing to mae a sceneGI 8""arentl! this Aeing

G;er! hesitant to 1ollo the directionG Duralde as gi;ing Coughlin as alarming enough to usti1!

Duradle then "lacing Coughlin in hand cu11s, a""ro/imatel! one minute into Duralde arri;ing on

the scene. %11icer Duralde 1ails to mention in his Narrati;e hat the ;ideoHaudio o1 the arrest

demonstrates occuring at this time, ie, that Coughlin, at the 3:4+ minute mar o1 the + minute (7

second ;ideo o1 the arrest can Ae heard asing the )$D Gdo !ou ha;e the right to Ae going through

m! "ocets right noIG. -his Ggoing throughG o1 the "ocets ould ha;e Aeen occurring hile

Coughlin as handcu11ed as indicated in DuradleFs re"ort, Aut still onl! Aeing GdetainedG. 6o,

according to these o11icers, one can Ae handcu11ed and ha;e the "olice going through the contentso1 their "ocets not ust mani"ulating the e/terior o1 their clothing under some tortured a""lication

o1 the G"lain 1eelG doctrine# ithout that Aeing, technicall!, a Gsearch incident to arrestG. DuraldeFs

Narrti;e continues on to demonstrate Duralde seemingl! reading a "h!sical inur! element into the

crime o1 assault rather than ust mere a""rehension o1 immediate and suAstantial Aodil! harm# in

demang that Coughlin "ro;ide some "roo1 o1 "h!sical inuries to Duralde Ae1ore CoughlinFs

allegations regarding the misconduct o1


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filed 10 18 12 motion and memorandum in rcr2011-063341

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