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State of Qatar Public Works AuthorityDrainage Affairs

Volume 6 CAD Manual Pagei

1st Edition June 2005 -Copyright Ashghal

CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................1

1.1

GENERAL.....................................................................................................................1

1.2 SCOPE ..................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ............ 1

1.3 CONTENT.....................................................................................................................1

1.4 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS.........................................................................1

1.5 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS.........................................................................2

1.5.1 CODES AND STANDARDS ..................................................................................................2

1.6 SPECIFIC CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS .................... ....................... ...................... .2

1.7 SPECIFIC CONTRACT REQUIREMENTS .................... ....................... ...................... .2

1.7.1 UPDATE POLICY..................................................................................................................2

1.7.2 UPDATE PROCEDURE ........................................................................................................2

2 GENERAL DRAWING STANDARDS.........................................................................3

2.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE ................... ....................... ..................... ...................... ......... 3

2.2 METHODOLOGY / BEST PRACTICE..........................................................................3

2.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.......................................................................................3

2.3.1 USE OF CAD.........................................................................................................................3

2.4 LANGUAGE, UNITS AND MEASUREMENT................................................................4

2.4.1 LANGUAGE...........................................................................................................................4

2.4.2 UNITS ....................................................................................................................................4

2.4.3 MEASUREMENT...................................................................................................................4

2.5

CO-ORDINATES AND ORIENTATION ................... ...................... ...................... ......... 5

2.5.1 CO-ORDINATES ...................................................................................................................5

2.5.2 ORIENTATION ......................................................................................................................5

2.6 TYPES OF DRAWINGS ..................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ......... 5

2.7 DRAWING ARRANGEMENT........................................................................................7

2.7.1 DRAWING SIZES ..................................................................................................................7

2.7.2 DRAWING SCALES ..............................................................................................................7

2.7.3 DRAWING BORDER AND TITLE BLOCK ............................................................................9

2.7.4 PROJECTION........................................................................................................................9

2.7.5 KEY PLANS...........................................................................................................................9

2.7.6

DRAWING SEQUENC...........................................................................................................9

2.7.7 MATCH LINES.......................................................................................................................9

2.7.8 SECTIONS AND ELEVATIONS............................................................................................9

2.7.9 SECTION AND DETAIL MARK DESIGNATION ...................................................................9

2.7.10 SECTION AND DETAIL MARKS.........................................................................................10

2.7.11 SIMILAR SECTIONS AND DETAILS ..................................................................................10

2.7.12 COMPOSITE DRAWINGS...................................................................................................10

2.7.13 GENERAL NOTES ..............................................................................................................10

2.7.14 REFERENCE TO OTHER DOCUMENTS...........................................................................11

2.8 SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................11

2.9

LINE WORK................................................................................................................11

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2.9.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................... 11

2.9.2 LINE STYLE........................................................................................................................11

2.9.3 PLOTTED LINE WEIGHT ................................................................................................... 11

2.9.4 COLOURS AND SCREENING (HALF-TONING)................................................................ 11

2.10

TEXT...........................................................................................................................12

2.10.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................... 12

2.10.2 PLACEMENT OF TEXT IN THE CAD FILE........................................................................ 12

2.10.3 TEXT SIZES........................................................................................................................ 12

2.11 DIMENSIONING.........................................................................................................12

2.11.1 RULES OF DIMENSIONING............................................................................................... 12

2.12 HATCHING AND SHADING ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... 13

2.13 REVISIONS ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ... 13

2.13.1 REVISION CLOUDS AND TRIANGLES............................................................................. 13

2.13.2 REVISION DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................. 13

2.13.3

REVISION CODING............................................................................................................ 13

2.13.4 DRAWING TITLE BLOCKS AND SIGNATURES................................................................ 14

2.14 DRAWING TITLE BLOCKS........................................................................................14

2.14.1 DRAWING TITLE BLOCKS................................................................................................. 14

2.14.2 TITLE BLOCK COMPLETION............................................................................................. 14

2.14.3 SIGNATURES ..................................................................................................................... 15

2.15 DRAWING VOLUMES................................................................................................15

2.15.1 GENERAL ........................................................................................................................... 15

3 CAD STANDARDS ........................................................... ........................................16

3.1

PURPOSE AND SCOPE............................................................................................16

3.2 LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE..........................................................................................16

3.3 DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................... ...................... ...................... ...... 16

3.4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.....................................................................................17

3.4.1 CAD SYSTEMS................................................................................................................... 17

3.4.2 MENUS................................................................................................................................17

3.4.3 CAD DRAWING FILE ORGANISATION............................................................................. 17

3.4.4 SINGLE CAD SPATIAL MODEL CONCEPTS.................................................................... 17

3.4.5 TYPICAL FOLDER STRUCTURE....................................................................................... 18

3.4.6 CAD FILE NAMING............................................................................................................. 18

3.4.7

SCALES .............................................................................................................................. 18

3.4.8 TEMPLATE/SEED CAD FILES........................................................................................... 18

3.4.9 DRAWING BORDERS AND TITLE BLOCKS..................................................................... 18

3.4.10 TOPOGRAPHICAL MAPPING............................................................................................ 19

3.4.10 REVISIONS ......................................................................................................................... 19

3.4.12 DRAWING ISSUE ............................................................................................................... 19

3.5 REFERENCE FILES...................................................................................................19

3.6 LINEWORK.................................................................................................................19

3.6.1 LINE TYPES........................................................................................................................ 19

3.6.2 PLOTTED LINE WEIGHTS................................................................................................. 20

3.7

TEXT...........................................................................................................................20

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3.7.1 FONTS.................................................................................................................................20

3.7.2 TEXT ASSIGNMENTS.........................................................................................................20

3.8 COLOURS .................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... ....... 21

3.9 HATCHING AND SHADING ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... 21

3.10

DIMENSIONS ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ..................... 21

3.10.1 GENERAL............................................................................................................................21

3.11 CO-ORDINATE SYSTEM AND GLOBAL ORIGIN ..................... ...................... .......... 21

3.11.1 CO-ORDINATES .................................................................................................................21

3.11.2 GLOBAL ORIGIN.................................................................................................................21

3.12 WORKING UNITS.......................................................................................................21

3.12.1 GENERAL............................................................................................................................21

3.13 SYMBOLOGY.............................................................................................................22

3.14 PLOTTING..................................................................................................................22

3.15 FILE VERIFICATION CHECK.....................................................................................22

4 LAYERING................................................................................................................23

4.1 GENERAL...................................................................................................................23

4.2 MODEL FILE LAYERING ...................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...23

4.3 ACTIVE DRAWING FILE LAYERING.........................................................................23

4.4 LAYER NAMING CODING .................... ...................... ...................... ...................... ...23

4.4.1 AutoCAD..............................................................................................................................23

4.4.2 Microstation..........................................................................................................................26

4.5 DISCIPLINE LAYER STRUCTURES..........................................................................26

5

DRAWING NUMBERING AND CAD FILE NAMING CONVENTIONS.....................27

5.1

PURPOSE AND SCOPE ................... ....................... ..................... ...................... ....... 27

5.1 DRAWING NUMBERING............................................................................................27

5.2.1 DRAWING NUMBERING CONVENTION ...........................................................................27

5.2.2 CAD FILE NAMING CONVENTION....................................................................................27

5.2.3 MODEL FILE NAMING (XREFS) CONVENTION................................................................27

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Volume 6 CAD Manual Page1


1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL

This manual defines the standards and format that

shall be adopted in the production of Computer-

Aided Drafting (CAD) drawings for the Drainage

Department (DD) projects.

1.2 SCOPE

Standards defined herein shall apply to all

organisations producing drawings for the DD.

1.3 CONTENT

This Manual is divided into the following Sections: -

Section 1 General: -introduces the CAD Manual

Section 2 Drawing Standards: - describes the

general drawing standards that shall be adopted for

drafting work

Section 3 CAD Standards: -describes the specific

CAD requirements, conventions and settings for

CAD drawing production

Section 4 CAD Layering: - describes the specific

CAD requirements and conventions for CAD

Layering

Section 5 Drawing Numbering and File naming

Conventions: - describes the procedures for

numbering drawings and naming convention of CAD

files

Section 6 Appendices: - contains the reference

material referred to in the main Sections

Section 7 Specific Contract Requirements: -

contains standards specific to regional/country

requirements not covered or overriding the

standards defined in the main Sections.

1.4 DEFINITIONS ANDABBREVIATIONS

The following Definitions and Abbreviations shall

apply to this Manual:

Alignment Drawings:

Drawings that show the horizontal or vertical

alignment, which shall be used for the design of

the works.

Approve:

Drawing Originators shall approve their drawings

upon issue to all parties required to receive these

drawings.

As Built Drawings:

Drawings produced at the conclusion of

construction to upgrade the design drawings to

incorporate all design changes made during

construction in order to reflect the as built facility

in the final drawings.

CAD:

Computer Aided Drafting.

CAD System:The computer hardware and software used to

create CAD drawing files and to produce hard

copy plots of those files.

DTR:Drawing Transmittal Record.

Drawing Management System:

The software, integrated with the CAD

System, which manages the CAD drawings and

associated reference files.

M & E: Mechanical and Electrical

GA Drawing:

General Arrangement drawing which shows the

location of major features and facilities.

DD: Drainage Department

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Page 2 Volume 6 CAD Manual



1.5.1 CODES AND STANDARDSIn addition to the requirements of this Manual,

drawings shall be prepared in accordance with the

requirements of the following principle codes of

practice and standards: -

BS 308 Engineering Drawing Practice

(British Standard Institute)

BS 1192 - Construction Drawing Practice

(British Standard Institute)

Country/Regional National Standard Institutiondocuments (e.g. BSI)

The version of standards and regulations shall be

the latest version.

Where a situation occurs which is not covered by

this Manual, Originators shall check with DD for

clarification.

Any deviation from standards set in this manual to

suit specific client needs must be defined and

recorded within project specific documentation.

1.6 SPECIFIC CONTRACTREQUIREMENTS

Where the content of this manual does not meet the

needs of the DD practices, the standards defined in

SECTION 7, Specific Contract Requirements,

shall be adopted

1.7 SPECIFIC CONTRACTREQUIREMENTS

1.7.1 UPDATE POLICY

It is the policy of DD that the standards in this

Manual be functional and useful for all types of

drawings produced for the DD. The standards set

out within this Manual will therefore be reviewed and

updated periodically and will take into consideration

all changes deemed to be necessary. All Originators

of DD drawings and users of this Manual are

expected to advise the DD of any errors or

omissions they discover when implementing

these standards. Additionally, all users are

invited to suggest any additions or modifications

they feel would improve the standards definedherein.

1.7.2 UPDATE PROCEDURE

Proposals for Amendment by Users.

If an Originator/User discovers omissions or

errors, or wishes to make suggestions for

additions or improvement, the details of the

proposal shall be submitted to the DD in writing

for consideration. Upon receipt of any proposal

the DD will give due consideration to the

proposal and decide what action is required.

Amendments deemed necessary to this Manual

would be compiled into Interim Amendment

Sheets (IAS). IAS sheets will be issued to

controlled copyholders of the CAD Standards

Manual, as an interim measure and to expedite

the release of the amended information

subsequent to full update and re-issue of the

revised Manual.

At appropriate times the DD CAD StandardsManual will be updated to incorporate all IAS.

Following the update a new revision of the

Manual will be issued to Controlled Copy Holders

in accordance with DD standard document

issuing procedures.

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2 GENERAL DRAWINGSTANDARDS

2.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPEThe Drainage Department (DD) will require

substantial numbers of drawings to be produced

from numerous sources. This Section sets out the

standards that shall be followed when preparing

these drawings. The purpose of this Section is to

ensure that all drawings are produced digitally in a

consistent manner. The objective is to attain a

uniform standard of presentation in the hardcopy

output across entire projects, regardless of the

drawings Originator and to ensure that digital CAD

files are structured correctly.

Disciplined application of CAD will have a major

impact on the projects efficiency by enhancing

clarity, readability, and ease with which drawings

can be viewed, manipulated and shared among the

participants within a project and ultimately by the

Hyder CAD System.

No deviation from these standards shall be

permitted without the written consent of the DD.

2.2 METHODOLOGY / BESTPRACTICE

It is essential in achieving success that drawing

production is carefully planned and thought out.

Consideration with regards how the design is

displayed and paying attention to quality will ensure

high standards are achieved. Below are some key

factors that support the CAD Best Practice strategy

that are to be adopted wherever possible: -

A drawing shall contain design information

solely for the purpose of the intended use of

the drawing

To maximise efficiency a policy of minimum

detailing without compromising quality and

integrity shall be adopted.

Drawings must be clear, accurate and concise

and contain no ambiguities, which could lead to

confusion or wrong interpretation.

Numbers of drawings must be kept to an

absolute minimum and organised in a

logical manner.

Avoidance of duplication is essential to

ensure the drawings maintain their integrity

as the iterative design process progresses

and amendments are made.

Efficient minimum detailing and above all

the elimination of double detailing shall be

the method adopted.

Grouping common elements into detail

sheets and extensive use of cross

referencing to those details and not

duplicating them shall be exercised in order

to minimise both the amount of drawings

produced and the risk of error and/or

ambiguity.

2.3 GENERALREQUIREMENTS

2.3.1 USE OF CAD

Engineering design drawings produced for the

DD shall be prepared on the approved CAD

system. (Section 3.4.1). Drawings that are

produced by CAD and partly hand-drawn or that

include minor manual corrections shall not be

permitted. Only signatures shall not be CAD

generated.

Sketches may be hand-drawn. Hand-drawn

sketches shall conform to the standards given in

this Section for line types, line weights and

symbol sizes as far as practicable. Sketches are

not to be used as formal reference documents

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2.4 LANGUAGE, UNITSAND MEASUREMENT

2.4.1 LANGUAGEAll text descriptions shall be in English unless

specific client requirements dictate otherwise

2.4.2 UNITS

All shall follow the System International (SI)

convention and all linear dimensions shall be in

millimetres (mm). Deviation: Survey levels and

chainages can be in metres (m) and decimals of a

metres.

2.4.3 MEASUREMENT

2.4.3.1 Linear Dimensions

When dimensions are given, they will be expressed

in whole numbers, as follows

38400 7150 890

Decimal numbers shall generally indicate metres:

whole numbers shall indicate millimetres.

E.g. Dimensions in metres not requiring decimal

accuracy shall have the msuffix (24m)

2.4.3.2 Decimal Point Accuracy

Dimensions in millimetres requiring accuracy to a

number of decimal places shall be expressed with

the mm (millimetre) suffix, as in the following

example

756.345mm

2.4.3.3 Chainage

Chainages shall be written in metres to two

decimal places.

e.g. CH 345.00

CH 41155.75

CH 202630.00

All chainages are plan measurements taken

along a setting out line, and provide a horizontal

distance not taking into account slope lengths.

2.4.3.4 Non-LinearMeasurements

All non-linear measurements such as areas and

volumes shall be followed by the unit symbol.

e.g. Square metre m

Cubic metre m

2.4.3.5 Levels

All levels shall be related to a the Qatar datum

and noted on all project title blocks as follows:

Qatar National Height Datum

If a local datum is used, its location and value

must be clearly defined. The level and

description of the BenchMark (BM) or other

starting point from which levels are derived shall

be stated.

All levels shall be expressed in metres. Levels

below datum are to be shown with a minus sign.

On sections and elevations, a closed, downward

pointing arrow should indicate the position of a

level. (See below)

On plans, a cross alongside which the value of

level is written should be indicated. (See below)

2.4.3.6 Sloping Surfaces

On plans, an arrow pointing downhill with the

word Fall placed along it should indicate a

slope.

On sections, shallow slopes should be labelled

with an arrow pointing downhill with the word

Fallplaced above it. Where the gradient is to be

stated this can be done by the use of a

percentage or ratio. Slopes steeper than 1 in 10

should be indicated by means of triangles

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showing the ratio of horizontal and vertical

dimensions.

2.5 CO-ORDINATES ANDORIENTATION

2.5.1 CO-ORDINATES

All co-ordinates and levels stated on drawings shall

be based on the co-ordinate system adopted for the

project.

General Arrangements and site plans having a

relationship to a co-ordinate system shall

incorporate either a 50m, 100m or 500m grid system

as appropriate to scale, and grid lines shall be noted

with northing and easting values.

Where co-ordinates are noted they shall be

displayed with the easting first then northing.

e.g. E322100

N565200

Detail drawings and drawing files not directly related

to the global co-ordinate system may use a local

co-ordinate system.

2.5.2ORIENTATION

All plans relating to world co-ordinates shall include

a North Point, which shall be correctly orientated in

accordance with the specific drawing view. In

general, this north arrow should be placed at the

upper right corner of the plan and indicate true

North.

Alignment drawings shall be arranged such that

chainage increases from left to right and

generally parallel to the x-axis of the drawings.

2.6 TYPES OFDRAWINGS

The drawings shall be classified as one of the

following specific types in all references and

descriptions

a) Sketches

Sketches generally shall contain preliminary

graphics to illustrate a single point and shall be

prepared with the intent of a single use only.

Sketches may be used to present a generaldesign concept, or may be included with

instructions to clarify correspondence.

b) Cover Drawings

Are located at the front of the drawing set and

include title sheet, submission drawing index,

general notes, symbols, material indications and

the abbreviations used throughout a drawing set.

c) General Arrangements

Show the general layout and dimensions for allcivil, structural, architectural and M & E works.

They also include site plans and site surveys.

d) Plans and Profiles

Show the plan and profile view for all civil,

structural and architectural works as well as the

highway alignment and geotechnical bore hole

information among others

e) Diagrams and Schematics

Diagrams and schematics shall show electrical

circuits, plumbing and drainage isometrics, piping

arrangements etc.

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f) Directive Drawings

Directive drawings shall indicate elements to be

consistent in form, function, operation, appearance

or construction requirements, and shall be used as a

basis to develop more detailed drawings. Also

included in this classification shall be drawings,

which are used to define symbols, abbreviations or

drawing standards.

g) Detail Drawings

Detail drawings shall give additional information on

specific parts, generally at a larger scale than the

general arrangement drawings

h) Schedules/Tables

These drawings include all drawings or portions of

drawings, which contain information in schedule or

table format, such as reinforcement bar bending

schedules, materials schedules, door schedules etc.

i) Typical Details

Typical details are defined as the details of good

engineering practices, which can be used for the

purpose of producing drawings without modification

or change

j) Standard Drawings

Standard drawings shall include those used to

illustrate standard designs and details, which ensure

uniformity, consistency, and a common

design approach throughout. Also included in this

classification shall be drawings, which are used to

define symbols, abbreviations, or drawing

standards.

k) Reinforced Concrete Detail Drawings (RC

Details)

These drawings are used to indicate the position of

steel reinforcement bars within structural concrete

members and are usually read in conjunction with

bar bending schedules

l) Master File Drawings

Master file drawings, generally large drawing files,

contain numerous other drawings references and

are assembled precisely to scale and final geometry.

They shall be used to review the overall

composition and interaction of large parts of

production.

m) Alignment Drawing Files

Alignment files shall contain the overall alignment

for the contract package, modelled precisely in

three dimensions and in real world co-ordinates.

The following criteria shall also apply:

a) Alignment files shall be produced solely. In

no case may they be translated to or from a

CAD file format to another CAD file format.

b) Alignment files shall be independent of any

reference files

c) The plan view of alignment files shall be

complete, including all road or track centres,

chainages, equalities and tangent offsets.

d) The profile view of the alignment shall be

complete, including all key features and

elevations.

e) All entities shall be modelled accurately and

to precise real world locations

f) Each spiral, curve or tangent shall be

individually listed and composed of a single

graphic element. Disjointed or segmented

g) elements composed of multiple straight-line

elements shall not be used.

h) Alignment files shall correspond exactly to

the geometry described on accompanying

hardcopy drawings

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2.7 DRAWINGARRANGEMENT

2.7.1 DRAWING SIZESDrawing sizes shall conform to the International

Standards Organisation (ISO).

Sizes (in mm) are as follows: -

A0 - 841 x 1189

A1 - 594 x 841

A2 - 420 x 594

A3 - 297 x 420

A4 - 210 x 297

In general all drawings shall be produced at the

preferred A1 original size. The use of A0 size

drawings shall be avoided wherever possible.

Each group or set of drawings shall use only one

drawing size unless situations make this impractical.

2.7.2 DRAWING SCALES

Drawings shall be drawn to scale. As a guide scales

selected from Table 2.7.2 should be used where

possible. Standard metric scales shall only be used.

Deviation: Schematics, isometrics or other indicative

graphical elements.

Where a number of different scales are shown on a

drawing they shall be specified within the title block

(See below). The first scale shown shall be

the main drawing scale followed by all subsequent

scales. Each different scale shall be specified under

the title of the area of the drawing to which it applies.

Where a single scale is used on a drawing, itshall be specified within the title block only. (Seebelow). The scales selected shall depend on theobject area and shall be large enough to permiteasy and clear interpretation of information and

ensure clarity of prints on the original as well asreduced copies i.e. A3 versions of A1 drawings.

Where different scales are used for horizontal

and vertical dimensions, such as in Profiles

within Plan and Profile drawings, each scale shall

be clearly indicated on the drawing. (See above)

When the drawing or parts of the drawing are not

drawn to scale, NTS (Not to Scale) shall be

specified under the title of the area of the

drawing to which it applies.

Should the entire drawing be drawn not to scale

NTS shall be placed in the space provided for the

drawing scale on the Title Block. (See below).

SCALE (A1)

1:50, 1:100 & 1:200

Multiple scales shown thus

SCALE (A1)

1:50

Single drawing scale shown thus:

SCALE (A1)

Hori. 1:1000, VERT. 1:100Horizontal & Vertical scale shown thus:

Site PlanNTS

SCALE (A1)

NTSScale shown in Title Box:

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Scale (1: )

Drawing Type

500

0

250

0

200

0

100

0

500

250

200

100

50 25 20 10 5

Location Plans

Gazettal Plans

Site Surveys & Site Plans

Construction Plans/Layout

Utilities

General Arrangement/Plans

Structural Elevations & Sections

Detailed Plans, Sections and Elevations

Details

Civil Plan (H)

Civil Profile (V)

Reinforcing Details

Steelwork Details

M & E Plans & GAs

M & E Details

Detailed Subsurface Profiles (Hor)

Detailed Subsurface Profiles (Vert)

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2.7.3 DRAWING BORDER ANDTITLE BLOCK

Drawings shall use the Standard drawing border and

Title block defined in Section 3. (Table 3.4.9) and the

Appendix E

The Standard Drainage Department drawing border

shall be adopted for each project and shall be

consistent across all drawings within the project.

Title block entries shall be concise and informative to

fully indicate the content of the drawing. Completion of

title block shall be strictly in accordance with Section

2.14 and Appendix E.

2.7.4 PROJECTION

Where appropriate, all drawings shall be in Third

Angle Projection.

2.7.5 KEY PLANS

Where layout plans are produced on a number of

drawings to cover the extent or section of the project a

Key Plan shall be included on each sheet, clearly

indicating the section of the works under

consideration.

2.7.6 DRAWING SEQUENC

Alignment drawings shall be arranged such that

chainage increases from left to right.

2.7.7 MATCH LINES

Where detail of a scheme continues onto a separate

drawing sheet, the design information shall be curtailed

at a MATCH-LINE. No design information shall be

displayed beyond the extremities of match lines,

however, background information such as mapping may

continue beyond, clipped to the edges of the drawing

frame where required. Continuation of the design shall

be cross-referenced within the match line.

2.7.8 SECTIONS ANDELEVATIONS

Sections through plans shall be taken

looking:

To the left and upward

Sections through elevations shall be

taken looking

To the left and downwards

2.7.9 SECTION AND DETAILMARK DESIGNATION

Sections shall be identified by upper case alpha

character marks. Wherever practical, sections shall

be listed consecutively, from left to right and from

top to bottom on the drawing on which they were

drawn. To avoid potential conflict with numericalvalues, the alpha characters I, O and Qshall not

be used within section marks.

Details shall be identified by numerals. Wherever

practical these shall run in sequence from left to

right and from top to bottom on the drawing.

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2.7.10 SECTION AND DETAILMARKS

Section and Detail marks used shall be as defined in

Appendix E page 12

All sections and details shall be correctly cross-

referenced in both directions i.e. Cross-reference to

the drawing where the section/detail is actually drawn.

Drawing cross-reference shall not include the revision

code or any stage code because of the changing

nature.

In the detailed section/detail title, all drawing numbers

where the section/detail is identified, shall be listed

against the section/detail mark symbol. If the drawn

section/detail are located on the same drawing, a

dash may replace the drawing number within thesection/detail mark symbol.

2.7.11 SIMILAR SECTIONS ANDDETAILS

To help minimise detailing, a required section or detail

that is similar to one already drawn may be nominated

as SIMILAR to the existing section/detail. The word

SIMILAR may also be expanded to explain how it is

similar, such as (similar, but opposite hand) or (similar,

except as noted). In designating a similar

section/detail, a new unique section/detail mark shallbe used. Use of the word SAMEshall be avoided

2.7.12 COMPOSITE DRAWINGS

Where composite drawing (a drawing containing

layouts and or sections and details) is used, all

plans, elevations and sections shall be clearly

identified by their titles. Titles are to be positioned

below the area to which it applies.

2.7.13 GENERAL NOTES

Notes shall be kept to a minimum on a drawing

without compromising the intent of the design.

Complicated notes shall be avoided.

Where notes are extensive and repeated on

several drawings, a General Notes Drawing shall

be provided which consolidates all notes.

Deviation from these notes on a particular drawing

may be permitted,

provided this amendment is shown in the Notes

section of the drawing.

Where a General Notes Drawing is used, the first

note on each applicable drawing shall contain the

following statement: -

1. FOR GENERAL NOTES, REFER TO

DRAWING NO. XXX

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2.7.14 REFERENCE TO OTHERDOCUMENTS

Drawings, specifications and other documents to beread in conjunction with a drawing shall be fully

referenced on the drawing within the drawing notes.

References that are specific to a part of a drawing

shall appear next to the particular part. The notes shall

include the following, when relevant: -

Where cross references are made to other documents

within the same contract, any field within that

document number that is likely to change (i.e. a

drawing stage field), this field shall be omitted from the

cross reference number.

2.8 SYMBOLS ANDABBREVIATIONS

Standard symbols contained in Appendix E shall be

used. Where a symbol required is not available from

this manual, symbols provided in Country codes of

practise shall be used.

All symbols shall be consistent within a drawing or set

of drawings.

Abbreviations shall be mnemonic as far as possible.

Standard abbreviations are listed in Appendix E.

2.9 LINE WORK

2.9.1 GENERAL

Line work shall be consistent and maximise clarity and

readability of drawings. Line work shall include usingthe correct line type as well as the correct line

thickness to convey the desired information. Both line

types and line thickness may vary depending on the

drawing scale and the size of the drawing. All Layers

shall have their entities BYLAYER

2.9.2 LINE STYLE

Elaborate linetypes, including those which

incorporate text or special graphic symbols or both,

shall be kept to a minimum and should only be

used where standard line types are unsuitable.

(see appendix e exhibit e9 for standard line types)

Only line types that relate to Standard Codes of

practice shall be used.

All line work shall be clearly legible on plots of

reduced scale drawings

2.9.3 PLOTTED LINE WEIGHT

Line weight of different thickness shall be used to

facilitate the reading of a drawing. The thickness of

lines used may depend on the drawings purpose,

size, scale, and method of reproduction. (Section

3, Table 3.6.2 defines plotted line weight

requirements) In general, line weights shall be

chosen which prioritise elements in the drawing i.e.

priority elements have thicker line weights.

The number of different line thickness used on

each drawing shall be kept to a minimum and,

once determined, shall be used in a consistent

manner for the same type of drawings throughout

the project.

In general, outlines of elements cut in section

should be in a heavier line thickness than those of

plans and elevations

2.9.4 COLOURS ANDSCREENING (HALF-TONING)

In general drawings shall have their plotted output

in monochrome. Where colour is required, forexample, to improve clarity and appearance of

drawings, as in

the case of presentation drawings, colours shall be

consistent across all drawings.

Topographical mapping background shall be

screened (plotted in halftone) so that the proposed

alignment work (solid lines) is more readable

against the mapping background. Refer to Section

3, Table 3.6.2 for colour assignments.

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2.10 TEXT

2.10.1 GENERAL

The following rules shall apply to the input of TEXTon

drawings: -

The objective shall be to make all lettering highly

legible so that information can be communicated

with the minimal possibility of error in reading.

Lettering sizes shall be chosen such that it shall

remain legible when drawings are reduced to A3

size.

Lettering shall be consistent, both in size and

placement. Lettering sizes for specific

applications, such as notes or titles, shall not vary

within the same drawing.

Where practical, lettering shall not be placed

directly on top of lines or symbols and shall be

readable from the bottom or from the right-hand

side of a drawing.

The purpose of annotation is to provide concise

information that cannot be easily conveyed

graphically. Notes of a general nature shall not

be spread over a drawing, but detailed

collectively.

Lettering shall be uniform, clear, sharp and

distinct. The mixing of lettering styles, sloping,

italic, and elaborate fonts shall not be permitted.

All text shall be regularly spaced, upright and

uppercase and not be underlined. Deviation

Titles under plans, details etc. are to be

underlined.

Where practical, on maps, lettering shall be

parallel to streets, rivers, lines, etc. so that it

reads horizontally from left to right and verticallyfrom the bottom to top when viewed from the

right-hand side of the drawing.

2.10.2 PLACEMENT OF TEXT INTHE CAD FILE

Text and text leader arrows or annotations for

elements shall be placed in a single layer (level)

separated from the graphic elements of a drawing.

In general, text and text leader arrows or

annotations for elements contained in model files

(xrefs) shall be placed in separate model files.

2.10.3 TEXT SIZES

Text sizes and fonts shall be in accordance with

Section 3.7.

For A1 size drawings the minimum text height for

drawing notes and annotation shall be 2.5mm.

2.11 DIMENSIONING

2.11.1 RULES OFDIMENSIONING

The rules listed below shall be followed when

adding dimensions to drawings to ensure

uniformity and clarity: -

a) Dimensions shall be placed on the drawing so

they may be read from the bottom or right-

hand side of the drawing. If it is essential to

dimension on an angle, that angle shall be on

the quadrant of the drawing that is readable

between the bottom and right-hand sides.

b) Dimension text shall be placed above the

dimension line and shall be clear of other lines

so that it is legible.

c) re practical, dimension lines shall not bebroken, except where it is absolutely

necessary to cross other dimension lines.

d) Leader lines shall begin close to the object or

point to where the dimension refers. They may

be broken when crossing other lines or other

leader lines, if this adds to the clarity of the

drawing.

e) Dimensions shall end in closed filled

arrowheads. Filled dots may be used in tightly

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grouped dimensions where arrowheads would

overlap.

f) Dimensions shall not be duplicated within a

drawing.

g) In general all dimensions are to be shown inmillimetres unless otherwise stated each

dimension not drawn in those units stated in the

note shall have a suffix indicating its unit type

h) The note ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETRES

UNLESS OTHERWISE STATEDshall be included within

the general notes of a drawing or set of drawings.

i) Where diameters are to be specified they shall

follow the form XXX (i.e. 150 ).

j) Where the size in the note matches the units thedrawing is drawn in the unit type suffix shall be

omitted i.e. 75 BLINDING

k) Where a radius is to be dimensioned the value

shall be prefixed withR(i.e. R500)

2.12 HATCHING ANDSHADING

Hatching used to indicate features of sections cut

through structures or sections cut through component

parts or assemblies need not be filled in its entirety

with the hatch pattern.

In order to keep file sizes down to a minimum hatchingand shading should be kept to the minimum necessary

to define areas clearly.

Hatching shall be consistent across all drawings on a

project.

2.13 REVISIONS

2.13.1 REVISION CLOUDS ANDTRIANGLES

All revisions on the body of the plotted drawing

shall be clearly identified by a revision cloud and

triangle with the exception of drawings produced at

the Preliminary stage.

Each area in which a revision occurs shall be

ringed with a cloud and marked with an equilateral

triangle containing the current revision letter.

Clouding and revision triangles denoting the

previous revision shall be removed.

2.13.2 REVISION DESCRIPTION

A concise description of each approved and issued

revision shall be entered into the revision-

description column. The description shall be as

informative as

practical. Where a drawing has been completely

redrawn, this shall be indicated as such in the

revision description.

Words such as GENERALLY REVISED, MINOR

REVISIONS, or other broad descriptions shall not

be used as revision descriptions.

The earliest revision descriptions shall be deleted

when there is no space to include the current

revision within the revision column.

2.13.3 REVISION CODING

Revision/Issue coding shall follow the following

sequence:

Stage Revision/Issue code

Design 01, 02, 03 .etc.

Tender A, B, C .etc.

Construction A, B, C, D...etc.

As Built Z

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As-built drawings shall have the previous revision

history removed from the revision/Issue column of the

drawing and all revision clouds and triangles remove

2.13.4 DRAWING TITLE BLOCKSAND SIGNATURES

2.14 DRAWING TITLEBLOCKS

2.14.1 DRAWING TITLE BLOCKS

In addition to the requirements described in this

Section, refer also to Section 3.4.9 and Appendix E forrequirements and examples of completed Title Blocks.

2.14.2 TITLE BLOCK COMPLETION

Drawing Title

The drawing title shall consist of a maximum of five

lines of centre-justified fields (see Figure 2.14.2):

Each drawing shall have both a unique drawing

number and drawing title.

The top line shall identify the specific area, or

section within the contract or may be left blank

where no such sections exist

The second third and fourth lines shall identify

the content or purpose of the drawing i.e.

CHAMBER VC5/01 GENERAL

ARRANGEMENT

Where several drawings depict similar detail

and no other qualifications are available for

distinguishing between them,

the distinction shall be made by labelling each

drawing consecutively with sheet numbers, such as

SHEET 1 OF 5, SHEET 2 OF 5etc.

Figure 2.14.2

The date shall be in the format MMM/YY. I.e.

FEB 2003. The months shall be abbreviated

as shown in Table 2.14.2.1. The date shown

in the revision history box shall be in the

format DD/MMM/YY and shown numerically

I.e. 20/02/03.

Abbreviation Month Abbreviation Month

JAN January JUL July

FEB February AUG August

MAR March SEP September

APR April OCT October

MAY May NOV November

JUN June DEC December

Table 2.14.2.1

Title

SECTION OF WORKS (LINE1)

DRAWING TITLE (LINE2)




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The issue DRAWING STATUS box shall be

completed describing the current status of the

drawing: -

a) SKETCH- Not to be used for Construction

b) PRELIMINARY - Not to be used for Construction

c) TENDER- Not to be used for Construction

d) CONSTRUCTION

e) AS BUILT

f) BUILDING PERMIT - Not to be used for

Construction

The Scale field shall determine the original size

of the drawing prior to any plotted reduction i.e.

A1

The Drawn, Checked and Approved By shall

contain the first initials of the person who

performed or was responsible for the major

portion of the work at the first issue.

2.14.3 SIGNATURES

2.14.3.1 General

All initial issues of drawings, and all subsequentRevision issues shall bear hand-written signature of

the certified checker of the drawing held within the

Revision History box as defined in Table 2.14.3

The amendment to a drawing shall be noted within the

Revision history box as follows:-

PS 18/03/03

REV. AMENDMENTS BY Date

Signing Box CAD File Hard Copy

REVISION BOX

Checked Checkers CAD

Initials

Checkers CAD

Initials Signature

Table 2.14.3

2.15 DRAWING VOLUMES

2.15.1 GENERAL

Where volume sets of drawings are required, they

shall include the following:

1) Cover Sheet: a description of the stage or

section of work to which the drawings refer.

2) Index Sheet(s): a list of drawings and their

numbers in the particular volume. Where a

set of volumes is required, the list must

include all drawing numbers, listed volume by

volume.

Index sheets shall provide the following minimum

information for the format of the drawing list: -

Contract Title Section of the Works

Dwg No. Dwg. Title CAD File Name-Rev

C001 Layout Plan 0001-QT00127-QT-A

C002 Key Plan 0002-QT00127-QT-B

Consideration should be given to the inclusion of

the following:

3) General Notes and Abbreviation Sheets:

notes or abbreviations, which are in general,

use throughout the drawing set.

4) Symbol Sheets: the symbols and

abbreviations used in the set of drawings.

5) Common Detail Sheets: common details for

the sections that are used in the set of

drawings.

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3 CAD STANDARDS

3.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE

The purpose of this Section is to define the CADStandards to be adopted when producing CAD

drawings to ensure that a consistent approach and

presentation is achieved.

The objectives of the CAD Standards defined in this

Section are as follows:

To ensure that the CAD drawing files produced

are formed and referenced in a consistent

manner.

To provide the information and procedures

necessary for CAD staff from one Originator to

access (and use as background reference),

information from a CAD file prepared by another

Originator.

To standardise the information in CAD files which

may be common to more than one Originator

such as drawing borders, title blocks, symbols,

etc.

Model Files and Drawing Files shall be used

together with level/layer features in the CAD

system, to determine that data has been correctly

structured in accordance with the standards

defined herein.

3.2 LEVEL OF COMPLIANCE

Certain types of drawing/model file are not directly

used for co-ordination purposes or master plan

updates, and in these cases there is some relaxation

in the expected levels of CAD Standards compliance.

The table below documents the minimum levels of

compliance for various drawing/model file types.

LayerNaming

TextStyles

TextHeight

LineStyles

BlockNaming

FileNaming

Drames/TitleBlocks

GAs/Layo

uts/Plans

3DModels

SurveyInformation

Destails X X

Sections X X

Elevations X X

Schedules

X X

Schematics

x X

Non-compliantsupplieddata

Project drawings/model files may make use of non-compliant datathat is not covered by DD CAD standards. Only those parts of thisdata that are modified by the Project need comply with therequirements of the DD CAD standards


The following Definitions and Abbreviations shall

apply to this section.

Active Drawing Drawing file representing the final drawing deliverablecontaining graphical entities such as lines, text, dimensions etc.along with any reference file attachments.

Block A collection of AutoCAD entities grouped together into a singleCAD file.

MU Microstation Master Units

PU Microstation: Positional Units

SU Microstation: Sub Units

UOR Microstation: Unit of Resolution

Seedfile A prototype drawing file used for the creation of newMicrocstation drawings

Template file A default drawing file containing consistent software settings,

Used for the creation of new AutoCAD drawingsPrototypedrawing

A default drawing file created from a template file, containingconsistent drawing data and extents, used for the creation ofnew AutoCAD drawings

Plot files A file representing the true plotted output of a drawing producedat the time of plotting

AutoCAD Approved software CAD Package

Microstation Approved software CAD Package

WCS AutoCAD: World Co-ordinate System

UCS AutoCAD: User Co-ordinate System

Reference File A CAD drawing file to be used for externally referencing into anActive drawing file

Paperspace An environment within AutoCAD that allows for the compositionof a drawing

Modelspace An environment within AutoCAD that contains graphical entitiesdrawn at true scale (1:1)

Global Origin Co-ordinate position to which all new elements are drawnrelative too

age File A CAD file containing raster graphical entities of the type oftengenerated by scanning techniques

Ltscale AutoCAD variable that effects the appearance of line styles

Psltscale AutoCAD variable that effects the appearance of line styleswithin viewports

Viewport In Autocad, a window created in Paperspace that sets a scaleand area at which modelspace entities are viewed and plotted

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3.4 REQUIREMENTS

3.4.1 CAD SYSTEMS

All CAD produced drawings shall be produced using

DD or Originator approved CAD software only.

The preferred development CAD platforms are

Autodesk AutoCAD R2002 or later. Or Bentley

Systems Microstation Version SEor later

Software identified for use on a project shall be

consistent for all drawings produced on that project.

Where third party applications are used, Originators

shall ensure that the standards defined herein are

complied with unless situations make this impractical.

3.4.2 MENUS

The default pull down menus associated with CAD

software packages shall be used at all times; e.g.

ACAD.MNU used within AutoCAD. No customisation

of the default pull down menu shall be allowed.

Configurations, routines, symbols & blocks supporting

this document, shall be contained within a standardDD.MNUand is to be adopted for all DD projects. No

local customisation of the DD menu shall be allowed.

To aid drawing production, custom menus may be

created at the discretion of the Originator. These

menus can be incorporated/loaded in addition to the

default menu as required.

3.4.3 CAD DRAWING FILEORGANISATION

The CAD database is defined in two parts:

1) Organisational The physical of

drawing files on the CAD System.

2) Content The elements that make up a specific

drawing file

The Organisational structure shall be modelled

using the Operating System folders and files. The

Organisational structure can therefore be

implemented identically on all CAD systems.

The Contentshall be modelled directly in the CADsystem using the layering and file referencingfacilities of the system as described in this Manual.

3.4.4 SINGLE CAD SPATIALMODEL CONCEPTS

3.4.4.1 GENERAL

Where appropriate, projects should use the

concept of a single CAD Spatial model, whichcovers the full extent of the project and is divided

into Model Files (reference files).

All plans, elevations and where possible sections

will be spatially located and orientated relative to

the project origin and datum. The single spatial

model will enable design co-ordination to be

carried out between disciplines and levels.

The single spatial model requires that data be

produced to a very strict discipline so that it is

readily retrieved from the database.

3.4.4.2 DRAWING COMPOSITION

The 2D/3D model will be composed of many

2D/3D-model files and is considered to be the

master detail.

Active drawings are extracts from the CAD model.

E.g. a ground floor general arrangement drawing

will be constructed of; a column layout, grid layout

and ducting layout model files in modelspace, a

standard drawing frame, scale bar, standard notes

in paperspace.

Operation &Maintenance

For use oninternet FTPserver

SpecialistDesign

Operation &Maintenance

2D/3D Designmodel filesref. files

Single CADSpatial Model

2D/3D Designmodel filesref. files

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Figure 3.4.4.2

3.4.5 TYPICAL FOLDERSTRUCTURE

Where a network is in operation, all CAD data shall

reside on that network. Project drawings and

associated CAD data must be stored within the

directory structure devised for the project.

Project directories shall be to each Originators own

company standards.

3.4.6 CAD FILE NAMING

CAD drawing filenames shall conform to each

Originators company standards.

3.4.7 SCALESCAD entities shall be drawn at full scale (1 DRAWING

UNIT = 1 MEASUREMENT UNIT).Final plotted scale

shall be established during composition of the drawing

layout for plotting.

Originators using AutoCAD shall employ the PAPER

SPACE/ MODEL SPACE facility to establish drawing

layout and scales. All drawing entities shall reside in

MODEL SPACEwith the exception of view ports,

general notes, revision clouding, title block and border.

AutoCAD VIEWPORTS are to be created in

PAPERSPACE, placed on the a non-plotting layer

DEFPOINTS or Z_VPORTS. The Z_VPORTS layer

shall be switched-off prior to plotting or saving the

CAD file.

FilenameSize Title Block

OrientationAutoCAD Microstation

A1 (841x594) Vertical DD_A1V.d

wg

DD_A1V.dgn

Table 3.4.9 Standard Drawing Borders

3.4.8 TEMPLATE/SEED CADFILES

New drawings shall be created using

Template/Seed files established for the project.

Template/Seed files may contain the following

settings: -

a) Global Origin (Microstation only)

b) Working units (Microstation only)

c) View names

d) Level/Layer standards

e) Line and text conventions

f) Dimension styles

g) Drawing Border and Titleblock

h) System variables

3.4.9 DRAWING BORDERS ANDTITLE BLOCKS

Standard drawing borders and title blocks shall be

established for the project and in general, be

attached as a reference file within the active

drawing file. (See Table 3.4.9 below for a list of

standard borders).

Title block fields shall be completed by updating

attribute block/data fields contained within the

active drawing.

Refer to Appendix E for sample completion of title

blocks

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3.4.10 TOPOGRAPHICALMAPPING

The use of purchased or supplied copies of

government, topographical mapping backgrounds are

strictly controlled. Files on loan shall not be copied for

any purpose or lent to a third party.

No unauthorised editing of survey/mapping data shall

be allowed.

In general base mapping shall be plotted using a thin

pen weight / half tone technique. Refer to 3.6.2 for

base mapping pen settings.

3.4.10 REVISIONS

Revision CLOUDING and TRIANGLE shall be

placed on a unique layer.

(Layer Z_REV in AutoCAD, level 60in Microstation).

Superseded revision clouds and triangles shall be

deleted from the CAD file.

3.4.12 DRAWING ISSUE

Drawings issued to the DD shall be inDWG or DGN

format, unless a specific request is received analternative format. (i.e. PDF)

The preferred format for record copies of issued

drawings shall be in DWGor DGNformat.

3.5 REFERENCE FILES

The following rules shall apply to the handling of

project reference files: -

Where CAD data is to be shared between

drawings the use of reference files is to be

adopted.

Active drawing files attached as reference files

shall not be allowed.

Unused reference files shall be detached upon

completion of drawings.

The number of reference files on a project shall

be kept to a minimum.

The preferred method of attaching XREFS in

AutoCAD is using the overlay option.

Reference files shall be inserted on unique

layer that does not conflict with the general

content of the drawing. (i.e. layer Z_XREF in

AutoCAD)

Where applicable images are to be scaled and

located so that geometry within them matches

the project co-ordinate system.

Reference files shall be CLIPPED within the

Active drawing file to ensure that only the

design data relevant to the drawing is

displayed.

Completed AS-BUILT drawings shall have

reference files BOUND into the activedrawing creating a single CAD file of drawing

data.

Reference files issued externally or shared

between departments shall indicate revised

areas with a REVISION CLOUD and

TRIANGLE. A revision history shall be

maintained within the reference file. In

AutoCAD the revision history shall be placed

in PAPERSPACE. (See Appendices for

standard reference file title block)

3.6 LINEWORK

3.6.1 LINE TYPES

Entity LINETYPEshall be set BYLAYERin

AutoCAD.

(Deviation Standard AutoCAD blocks)

The plotted appearance of LINETYPES shall be

consistent across all drawings.

The default AutoCAD LINETYPE source file shall

be used with the following PAPERSPACEsettings:

Source File ACAD.LIN

Ltscale 10

Psltscale 1

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In Microstation ACADLSTY.RSCshall be used

as the default LINETYPEresource file.

Discipline specific Linetype assignment shall be as

defined in regional LINETYPE libraries.

Lines on a drawing that cannot be represented bythose in the default source files may be loaded from

the approved DD Custom Linetypefile.

Modification of AutoCAD & Microstation default source

files is not permitted.

In general, drawings shall use the standard

LINETYPESas defined in Appendix E Pages 8, 9 and

10 Standard Line Types.

3.6.2 PLOTTED LINE WEIGHTSPlotted line weights shall be as shown in Table 3.6.2

below.

AUTOCAD Plotted Line Weight(mm)

Microstn

ColourNo.

Plotter PenNo.

DisplayScreen Colour

FullSize

HalfSize

Weight No.

1 7 Red 0.18 0.090 0

2 7 Yellow 0.35 0.175 2

3 7 Green 0.50 0.250 3

4 7 Cyan 0.70 0.350 4

5 7 Blue 0.12 0.060 0

6 7 Magenta 0.35 0.175 2

7 7 White 0.25 0.125 1

10 7 Red 0.60 0.300 1

30 7 Orange 0.35 0.175 0

80 7 Light Green 0.60 0.300 4

96 7 Dark green 0.35 0.175 2130 7 Light Blue 0.60 0.300 4

170 7 Dark Blue 0.35 0.175 2

253 7 Light Grey 0.20 0.120 1

Table 3.6.2 - Plotted Line Weights

In AutoCAD entity LINEWEIGHTfor colours 10-255 is

set at 0.35(0.175).

In general Colour No.253 LINEWEIGHT0.20mm shall

be used for Base Mapping.

For mono prints all Pen Nos except Pen No. 253 are

set to 7.

For Colour prints Pen Nos. 8-255 are assigned the

Pen no. as the colour

3.7 TEXT

3.7.1 FONTS

Permitted text fonts:-

AutoCADStyleName

AutoCADFont File

MicrostationFont

CAD Usage

ISOCP ISOCP.SHX ISO Technical/Engineeringdrawings

ARIAL ARIAL.TTF Presentation DrawingsAutoCAD

HELV Presentation Drawings inMicrostation

Table 3.7.1 Text Fonts

The AutoCAD Styles shall have a default

height setting = 0.

Sloping, italic, and elaborate fonts are not

permitted.

The clear space between lines of text shall be

0.5 x the upper case height. (Microstation)

All text shall be left justified. Deviation: Titles

shall be centre justified and underlined.

3.7.2 TEXT ASSIGNMENTS

The table below indicated approved texts with their

appropriate colour/application assignments:-

Plotted Line Weight UsagePlottedText

Height(mm)

WidthFactor MStn

Line WtAcad(mm)

COLOUR

1.8 1 0 0.18 RED General text,Dimensions,Notes used onA3 & A4 onlywhere drawing isnot plotted at areduced scale.

2.5 1 1 0.25 WHITE General text,Dimensions,NotesSpecial Notes

3.5 1 2 0.35 YELLOW

5.0 1 3 0.50 GREEN Normal Titles,DrawingNumbers,

7.0 1 4 0.7 CYAN Major Titles

Table 3.7.2 - Plotted Text

Height/Weight and Usage

The text height adopted for a project shall be

consistent across all drawings unless situations

make this impractical.

The preferred text height for general text and notes

is 2.5mm. Deviation: Minimum 3.5mm text height

is to be used on A0 size.

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3.8 COLOURS

In AutoCAD entity COLOURshall be assigned BY

LAYER. Deviation standard blocks.

3.9 HATCHING ANDSHADING

All hatching created shall be associative and placed

on its own unique layer/level.

3.10 DIMENSIONS

3.10.1GENERAL

Automated dimensioning commands within CADsoftware programs shall be used for creation and

editing of dimensions

The editing of dimension values via basic text

editing commands is not permitted

Dimensions shall be associative and placed on

their own unique layer / level

Arrow Size

CAD

System

Dimension

TextHei

ght

Extensi

on

LineOff

set

Extensi

on

Line/

Extensi

on

Stack

Offset

Width HeightCentre

Mark

Microstation

2.5mm 0.5 0.5 N/A 1.0 0.5 N/A

AutoCA

D

2.5mm Dimex

o = 2

Dimex

e = 2

Dimdli

= 10

Dimas

z = 2.5

Dimce

n = 1

Dimcen

= 1

CAD System DimensionTextFit

DimensionGap

Microstation ? ?

AutoCAD 2 1.000

DimensionText

DimensionLine

ExtensionLine

ArrowHead

Colour White Red Red Red

LineweightCode(Microstation)

1 0 0 0

PlottedLine weight(AutoCAD)

0.25 0.18 0.18 0.18

Table 3.10.1 - Standard Dimension Settings

3.11 CO-ORDINATESYSTEM ANDGLOBAL ORIGIN

3.11.1 CO-ORDINATES

All plans and profiles having a relationship with mapping grid or

levels shall be drawn maintaining the relationship between the

CAD co-ordinate system and map co-ordinate system adopted

for the project. The co-ordinate system may be based on a local

grid or a national grid system. Where national grid co-ordinates

are used, this shall be referred to as REAL WORLD co-

ordinates within CAD.

Detail drawings and files not directly related to the

global co-ordinate system may use a local co-

ordinate system.

3.11.2 GLOBAL ORIGIN

To ensure correct relationship with the projects co-

ordinate system, CAD systems shall set a global

origin common to valid Easting and Northings of

the co-ordinate system adopted for the project.

3.12 WORKING UNITS

3.12.1 GENERAL

In general all drawings shall be drawn using: -

ONEDRAWING UNIT = 1 MILLIMETRE.

Topographical/mapping/civil/highways plans shall

be drawn using: -

ONE DRAWING UNIT = 1 METRE.

Working units for Microstation shall be as follows:

MASTER UNIT (MU) = m

SUB UNIT (SU) = mm

POSITIONAL UNITS (PU) = 1

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Within Plan and Profile drawings, where the

longitudinal section is required to be drawn at a

different vertical scale to the horizontal scale, the

horizontal axis shall be drawn at real scale (1 UNIT =

1 METRE) and the vertical axis shall be scaled to suit.

E.G. HORIZONTAL SCALE = 1:500 VERTICAL

SCALE = 1:50

3.13 SYMBOLOGY

Refer to Appendix E, Page12 and 13 for standard

symbols

Discipline specific symbols/blocks shall be obtained

from the standard regional block/cell libraries.

3.14 PLOTTINGOriginators of drawings shall ensure that standard plotconfiguration files are used across a project. The following standard colour source files shall beused:

AutoCAD:Mono Full Size plotting: DD_MONO_A1.ctbMono Reduced plotting: DD_MONO_A3.ctbColour full size plotting: DD_COL_A1.ctbColour half size plotting: DD_COL_A3.ctb

Microstation:Mono Full Size plotting: DD_MONO_A1.pltMono Reduced plotting: DD_MONO_A3.plt

Colour full size plotting: DD_COL_A1.pltColour half size plotting: DD_COL_A3.plt

3.15 FILE VERIFICATIONCHECK

The following verification checks shall be

conducted by Originators on all CAD drawing files

produced prior to issue to the lead office.a) CAD format correct (i.e. AutoCAD R2002 or Microstation SE).b) Drawing border format correct.

c) Title block correctly filled out

d) Filename correct

e) Working Units correct

f) Global Origin correct.

G) Text size and font correct & consistent

h) Orientations correct

i) Layer structure correct.

j) Elements on the correct layers/levels

k) Line weights and colours correct

l) Reference file attachment paths correct.

m) All reference file levels/layers correctly on or off

n) All unused reference files that are not displayed to be detached

o) A list mapping CAD filenames to drawing numbers correct andincluded with issue as applicable.

p) All unused and unnecessary elements in a CAD file shall be removed.I.e. Unused blocks, line types, text and dimension styles should be

purged/compressed from the drawing.q) CAD Filenames correct and mapped to the equivalent drawing number

listed within the transmittal as appropriate.

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4 LAYERING

4.1 GENERAL

Sharing of graphical information is fundamental to theeffective use of CAD and in this respect the benefits of

well-structured CAD files are significant. A well-

structured file requires close attention to many aspects

of its composition, especially to CAD layers.

By assigning specific elements to certain layers, the

user reduces drafting time and enables all parties to

view the projects graphical information more readily.

The terminology defined herein shall refer to layers

within a CAD drawing file that contain graphical

elements. The term Layers shall also be deemed torefer to the Microstation term Levels

4.2 MODEL FILE LAYERING

The requirements for layer assignments to model files

(reference files) are specified below:

Individual model files shall be created for each

subject under each discipline, and all layers

used for model files shall be in accordance with

the Layering convention defined herein.

Text and Dimension elements must be placed in

layers/model/active drawing files separate from

the graphical elements.

Layers reserved as non-plotting layers shall be

turned off in the model file

The creation of new layers within a model file

shall be strictly controlled given the impact new

layers may have on the appearance of a drawing

that accesses the model file.

4.3 ACTIVE DRAWING FILELAYERING

The requirements for layer assignments to active

drawing files are specified below:

Individual drawing files shall adopt the specific

discipline layering convention

Layer naming for drawing files shall be in

accordance with the Layering convention

defined herein.

A standard layer coding shall apply to

common, non-specific discipline layers such

as text, dimensions, titles, drawing border etc.

4.4 LAYER NAMINGCODING

4.4.1 AutoCAD

The layer naming convention is as follows: -

1 2 3

C_25OUT

Where:

1 = Discipline Code

2 = Line Weight

3 = Element Identifier Code

Discipline Code(Field 1)

This code identifies the main type of works

contained in the drawing as listed in Appendix A.

For example Discipline Code C is for Civil

Engineering related works.

Line Weight Code(Field 2)

Lineweight code identifying intended plotted line

weight of the layer as follows: -

18 = 0.18mm, 25 = 0.25mm, 35 = 0.35mm, 50 =

0.50mm, 70 = 0.70mm, 100 = 1.0mm

Element Identifier Code (Field 3)

This code further identifies the element within the

classification. For example OUT would describe

thin general detail lines

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4.4.1.1 Standard AutoCAD CoreLayers

AutoCAD standard core layers used for all non-

discipline related usage: -

PlottedLine Weight

Trype UsageLayerName

LineType

MStnLineWt

Acad(mm

Colour

DEFPOINTS

CON 1 0.25 WHITE Viewports Layer(Layer does notplot)

Z_DIMS CON 0 0.18 RED Dimensioning

Z_XREF CON 1 0.25 WHITE Xref Layer

Z_DWGSHT

CON 1 0.25 WHITE Title Block

Z_REV CON 2 0.18 YELLOW Revision Cloudsand Triangle

Z_NORTH CON 4 0.18 GREEN North Point

Z_SECMK CON 4 0.50 GREEN Section and DetailMarks

Z_18TEXT

CON 0 0.18 RED Text at respectiveheight

Z_25TEXT

CON 1 0.25 WHITE Text at respectiveheight

Z_35TEXT

CON 2 0.35 YELLOW Text at respectiveheight

Z_50TEXT

CON 3 0.50 GREEN Text at respectiveheight

Z_70TEXT

CON 4 0.70 CYAN Text at respectiveheight

4.4.1.2 AutoCAD LayersStructures GeneralConstruction

AutoCAD layers used for general construction

drawings: -

PlottedLine Weight

Typical UsageLayer Name LineType

MStnLine Wt

Acad(mm

Colour

C_18OUT CON 0 0.18 RED All very thinoutlines

C_25OUT CON 1 0.25 WHITE All thin outlines

C_35OUT CON 3 0.35 YELLOW

All outlines inplan/elevation

C_50OUT CON 4 0.50 GREEN

All concreteoutlines in section

C_18PIPE CON 2 0.18 RED Pipeworkoutlines/fittings

C_18PIPEHID

HID 3 0.18 RED Pipework hiddenlines

C_50REBARS

CON 4 0.50 GREEN

Reinforcementdetails

C_18GRID CEN 0 0.18 RED Grid lines/mapgrid lines

C_18HATCH CON 0 0.18 RED All hatchingC_25DASH DASH 1 0.25 WHITE Hidden detail

C_25HID HID 1 0.25 WHITE Hidden detail

4.4.1.3 AutoCAD LayersSewerage and DrainageLong Sections

AutoCAD layers used for Sewerage and Drainage

Long Sections (used in conjunction with theGeneral construction layer structure)

Plotted LineWeight

Typical UsageLayer name WidthFactor

MStnLiineWt

Acad(mm)

Colour

C_Bund CON 2 0.18 YELLOW Bund outlines

C-EXTG_GRND

DASH 1 0.25 WHITE Existingground line

C-NEW-GRND CON 1 0.35 WHITE New/Proposedground line

C-PIPESEXT CON 4 0.50 MAGENTA Pipe sectionand manholes

4.4.1.4 Layers Presentation and

Plans

AutoCAD layers used for Presentation and Plan

Type drawings (used in conjunction with the

General construction layer structure)

Plotted Line Weight Typical UsageLayerName

LineType Acad (mm) Colour

EX_SEW_ABD

A 0 0.18 30 AbandonSewer Lines

EX_SEW_RE

R 1 0.25 30 Refurbishment/refined/ReplacedSewer Lines

EX_DAB DAB_X 1 0.50 GREEN ExistingDrainageArea

BoundaryEX_SB CENTER 1 0.70 CYAN Site

Boundary

EX_DAB DAB_PR 1 0.50 GREEN ProposedDrainageAreaBoundary

U_ELEC-OH

E-OH 0.25 WHITE ElectricalCableOverhead

U_ELEC-UG

E-UG 0.25 WHITE ElectricalCablesUnderground

U_HVOLT HV 0.25 WHITE HighVoltageElectricalCables

U_LVOLT LV 0.25 WHITE Low VoltageE;lectricalCables

U_FENCE X 0.25 WHITE Fence LineU_TEL T 0.25 WHITE Telephone

Line

U_GAS G 0.25 WHITE Gas Line

U_WATER W 0.25 WHITE Water Line

U-OILPIPE O 0.25 WHITE OilPipelines

U_FIBREOPTIC

FO 0.25 WHITE FibreOptic/CCTVCable

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4.4.1.5 AutoCAD Layers FoulSewerage Network Plans

AutoCAD layers used for Foul Sewerage NetworkPlan drawings as required by the CED-GIS

department (used in conjunction with the General

construction layer structure)

Plotted LineWeight


MStnLine

Wt

Acad(mm)

Colour

EX_SEW DASH 0 0.35 30 Sewer Lines

EX_SEW_DIA CON 1 0.25 WHITE Sewer Diameter

EX_SEW_TXT CON 3 0.25 WHITE Sewer Text

EX_RM RM_EX

4 0.35 170 Rising Main Lines

EX_RM-DIA_ CON 2 0.25 WHITE Rising Main Diameter

EX_MH CON 3 0.35 30 Manhole

EX_MH1 CON 4 0.35 30 Manhole One

EX_MH_TXT CON 0 025 WHITE Manhole Text

EX_SEW_VC CON 0 0.35 30 Valve Chamber

EX_SEW_DCH DASH 1 0.35 30 Discharge Chamber

EX_SEW_WCH DASH 0.35 30 Washout Chamber

EX_SEW_ICH DASH 1 0.35 30 Inspection Chamber

EX_SEW_FMC DASH 0.35 30 Flowmeter Chamber

EX_SEW_FCH DASH 0.35 30 Flushing Chamber

EX_SEW-PS DASH 0.35 30 Pumping Station

EX_SEW_ST_L DASH 0.35 30 Sewer Stub Pipe(Line)

EX_SEW-ST_N DASH 0.35 30 Sewer Stub Ernd(Point)

EX_HC HID 0.35 20 House Connection

EX_HC_ST_L HID 0.35 20 Houe ConnectionStub Pipe

EX_HC_ST_N HID 0.35 20 House ConnectionStub End

EX_SEW_FLOW

CON 0.25 WHITE Flow Direction

PR_SEW CON 0 0.60 10 Sewer Lines

PR_SEW_DIA CON 1 0.25 WHITE Sewer Diameter

PR_SEW_TXT CON 3 0.25 WHITE Sewer Text

PR_RM RM_PR

4 0.60 130

Rising Main Lines

PR_RM-DIA_ CON 2 0.25 WHITE Rising Main Diameter

PR_MH CON 3 0.35 20 Manhole

PR_MH1 CON 4 0.35 20 Manhole One

PR_MH_TXT CON 0 025 WHITE Manhole Text

PR_SEW_VC DASH 0 0.35 20 Valve Chamber

PR_SEW_DCH DASH 1 0.35 20 Discharge Chamber

PR_SEW_WCH

DASH 0.35 20 Washout Chamber

PR_SEW_ICH DASH 1 0.35 20 Inspection Chamber

PR_SEW_FMC DASH 0.35 20 Flowmeter Chamber

PR_SEW_FCH DASH 0.35 20 Flushing Chamber

PR_SEW-PS DASH 0.35 20 Pumping Station

PR_SEW_ST_L

DASH 0.35 20 Sewer Stub Pipe(Line)

PR_SEW-ST_N DASH 0.35 20 Sewer Stub End(Point)

PR_HC HID 0.35 20 House Connection

PR_HC_ST_L HID 0.35 20 House ConnectionStub Pipe

PR_HC_ST_N HID 0.35 20 House ConnectionStub End

PR_SEW_FLOW

CON 0.25 WHITE Flow Direction

4.4.1.6 AutoCAD Layers TreatedSewerage EffluentNetwork Plans

AutoCAD layers used for Treated Sewerage

Effluent Network Plan drawings as required by the

CED-GIS department (used in conjunction with the

General construction layer structure)

PlottedLine

Weight


MStnLineWt

Acad(mm)

Colour

EX_TSE TSE-EX 0 0.35 240 Treated EffluentLines

EX_TSE_DIA CON 1 0.25 WHITE Treated EffluentDiameter

EX_TSE_TXT CON 3 0.25 WHITE Treated EffluentText

EX_WTOWER RM_EX 4 0.35 240 Water Tower

EX_TSEMH CON 3 0.35 240 Manhole

EX_TSE_VC DASH 0 0.35 240 Valve Chamber

EX_TSE_DCH DASH 1 0.35 240 DischargeChamber

EX_TSE_WCH DASH 035 240 WashoutChamber

EX_TSE_ICH DASH 1 0.35 240 InspectionChamber

EX_TSE_FMC DASH 0.35 240 FlowmeterChamber

EX_TSE_FCH DASH 0.35 240 FlushingChamber

EX_TSE_PS DASH 0.35 240 Pumping Station

EX_STW DASH 0.35 240 Sewerage

Treatment WorksEX_TSE_ST_L DASH 0.35 240 Sewer Stub Pipe

(Line)

EX_TSE-ST_N DASH 0.35 240 Sewer Stub End(Point)

EX_TSE-FLOW CON 0.25 WHITE Flow Direction

PR_TSE TSE-PR 0 0.35 210 Treated EffluentLines

PR_TSE_DIA CON 1 0.25 WHITE Treated EffluentDiameter

PR_TSE_TXT CON 3 0.25 WHITE TSE Text

PR_WTOWER TSE_PR 4 0.35 210 Rising MainLines

PR_TSEMH CON 3 0.35 200 Manhole

PR_TSEMH_TXT CON 0 0.35 WHITE Manhole Text

PR_TSE_VC CON 0 0.35 200 Valve Chamber

PR_TSE_DCH CON 1 035 200 DischargeChamber

PR_TSE_WCH CON 0.35 200 WashoutChamber

PR_TSE_ICH CON 1 0.35 200 InspectionChamber

PR_TSE_FMC CON 0.35 200 Flowm

final 00129 vol6

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