final exam ecology review 2010. a=abiota b=biota tree rock water air bird human b a a a (nonliving)...
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A=abiota B=biota
• Tree
• Rock
• Water
• Air
• Bird
• human
• B
• A
• A
• A (nonliving)
• B
• B (living)
Matching:
• Large area with similar climate, soil, and plants and animals
• The Planet of living and nonliving things
• All the organisms in a particular place + their nonliving environment
• ECOSYSTEM
• BIOSPHERE
BIOME
Matching:
• Large area with similar climate, soil, and plants and animals
• The Planet of living and nonliving things
• All the organisms in a particular place + their nonliving environment
• BIOME
• BIOSPHERE
• ECOSYSTEM
What is the difference between photosynthesis and
chemosynthesis? (answer below)• PHOTOSYNTHESIS-
• organisms capture sunlight to make food
• CHEMOSYNTHESIS-
• organisms use chemical energy (like sulfur) to make food
How do these relate?
• Autotrophs Heterotrophs Consumers Producers
• ANSWER: Autotrophs and Producers are plants that make food
• Heterotrophs are consumers that eat the producers
What would each of these eat?
• Carnivore
• Herbivore
• Omnivore
• Decomposer
• Detritivore
• Eat animals
• Eat plants
• Eat animals + plants
• Break down and eat dead organic matter
• Feed on plant and animal remains called detritus
How much energy is…
• Usually passed to the next energy level in an energy pyramid?
• A. 5%• B. 10%• C. 35%• D. 90%
• ANSWER: 10%
What contributes CO2 to the atmosphere?
• Detergents
• Auto exhausts
• Fertilizers
• Factories
• Ozone
• ANSWER: auto exhausts + factories
What converts unusable nitrogen into usable nitrogen?
• A. worms
• B. fungi
• C. nitrogen-fixing bacteria
• D. nitrogen-fixing birds
• ANSWER: C
Where is most of the phosphorus kept in the biosphere?
• A. rocks
• B. atmosphere
• C. bird poop
• D. Larry’s house
• ANSWER: A
What causes an algal bloom?
• A. large amounts of phosphorus runoff
• B. large amounts of carbon runoff
• C. large amounts of nitrogen runoff
• D. small amounts of mineral runoff
• ANSWER: A
What chemical form is carbon usually found in rocks? In the
atmosphere?
• A. CO2
• B. carbonate
• C. CO
• D. nitrates
• ANSWER: in rocks is carbonate
• in atmosphere is CO2
Which is a habitat and which is a niche?
• Bird’s hole in a tree
• Seed eater
• Seed disperser
• Bird’s nest
• Hudson Spring’s Park
• Food for a hawk
• Habitat (address)
• Niche (job)
• Niche
• Habitat
• Habitat
• Niche
What are the three most abundant greenhouse gases?
• A. water vapor
• B. nitrogen oxide
• C. carbon dioxide
• D. methane
• E. phosphates
• ANSWERL A, C, D
What criteria determine a terrestrial biome?
• Type of fish• Climate• Type of soil• Plants and animals• Type of people
• ANSWER: climate, soil, plants and animals
What is a wetland?
• A. lake
• B. stream
• C. marsh
• D. ocean
• ANSWER: marsh (water covers the land part of the time)
WHICH BIOME?
• Less than 25 cm of rainfall
• Cacti
• Bobcats, mule deer, beetles, rattlesnakes
• Mexico, US, Africa, Asia
• ANSWER: DESERT
WHICH BIOME?
• Hot and wet year round
• Ferns, large woody vines and climbing plants, orchids
• Sloths, tapirs, jaguars, monkeys, toucans, butterflies
• S. and central Am., SE Asia
• ANSWER: Tropical rainforest
WHICH BIOME?
• Humus soil
• Cold to moderate winters, warm summers, fertile soils
• Deciduous trees, some conifers
• Deer, black bears, squirrels, raccoons, turkeys, songbirds
• ANSWER: Temperate Deciduous Forest
WHICH BIOME?
• Permafrost
• Mosses, lichens, short grasses
• Musk ox, Arctic foxes, caribou
• Northern NA, N. Asia, N. Europe
• ANSWER: TUNDRA
In a food chain, what organisms are usually the decomposers?
• A. birds
• B. snakes
• C. plants
• D. bacteria and fungi
• ANSWER: D
Saprophyte? Scavenger?
• What kind of organism moves to and eats the dead organism?
• ANSWER: scavenger (vulture)
• From decaying organic matter?
• ANSWER: saprophyte (fungus)
MATCH
• Parasitism
• Commensalism
• Mutualism
• Both organisms benefit
• One organism benefits and the other is not harmed
• Organism lives in or on another and harms it
MATCH
• Parasitism
• Commensalism
• Mutualism
• Organism lives in or on another and harms it
• One organism benefits and the other is not harmed
• Both organisms benefit
In a food pyramid…
• Which organisms are in the greatest amount and why?
• ANSWER: plants (producers), need to feed all the other organisms
Identify
• Primary species?• Climax species?• Primary or Secondary
succession?
• ANSWER:• Lichen,mosses• Fir, birch• Primary (no soil)
What goes in each level of energy pyramid?
Tertiary consumer
Secondary consumer
Primary consumer
Producer
The total amount of living tissue in a given tropic level would be:
• A. biomass
• B. biome
• C. biotic
• D. biology
• ANSWER: biomass
What is permafrost?
• A. ice in the tundra
• B. snow in the taiga
• C. permanently frozen subsoil of the tundra
• D. permanently frozen subsoil of the taiga
• ANSWER: C
Identify as Predator/Prey or Competition
• Lynx chases the hare
• Two robins vie for same sunflower seeds
• Lion and tiger both eat antelope
• Pred/Prey
• Competition
• Competition and Pred/Prey
Coniferous or Deciduous?
• Pine Tree• Coniferous• Oak Tree• Deciduous• Cherry Tree• Deciduous• Blue Spruce• Coniferous
Coniferous = needles, evergreen
Deciduous = sheds leaves annually
Boom or bust? Exponential growth?
Logistic growth?
• Exponential growth
• Logistic growth Type of graph?