final exam study guide final exam study guide. the distance traveled by an object divided by the...
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Final Exam Study GuideFinal Exam Study Guide
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The distance traveled by an object divided by the time it takes to travel that distance
is called
•Average Speed
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In order to determine speed, you must know
Distance & Time
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• What is the speed of an object at rest? • What is the speed of an object at rest?
Zero Km/hr
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The difference between speed and velocity is that velocity includes
direction
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An airplane is flying at 635 km per hour at an altitude of 35 000
m. It is currently over Kansas and is approximately 16 minutes
ahead of its scheduled arrival time. What is its velocity?
No direction = 0
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• Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity divided by
• Acceleration is defined as the change in velocity divided by
Time
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The SI unit for acceleration is
Meter per second2
m/s2
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On a velocity-time graph, a line with a negative slope indicates that the object is
Slowing Down
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When the velocity of an object changes, it is acted upon by a(n)
Force
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A tug-of-war that results in one team pulling the other across the
line is an example of
Unbalance force
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Friction is defined as
A force that opposes motion by acting in
the opposite direction of motion
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A force is continuously applied to an object, causing it to
accelerate. After a period of time, however, the object stops accelerating. What conclusion
can be drawn?
•experiencing friction
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object is in motion when
•moves in a point of reference
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If the slope of a line on a distance-time graph is 1, the speed of the object
being plotted is
increasing
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•How can the friction on a slide be reduced?
•How can the friction on a slide be reduced?
Add water
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A car is parked on a hill. In order to keep the car from rolling downhill, how great must the static friction acting on
the car be?
friction force must be equal to mgMass*gravity
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Weight is best described as
Mass*gravity
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•When objects are moved further apart from each other, the force of gravity
•When objects are moved further apart from each other, the force of gravity
Decreases
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The greatest gravitational force would occur between the Moon &
Earth, or two marbles.
Moon & Earth
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The law that states that every object maintains constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force is
First
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The law that states that for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force is
Third
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The law that states that the unbalanced force acting on
an object equals the object’s mass times its acceleration
is
Second
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The SI unit of force, named for the scientist
who described the relationship between motion and force, is
called theNewton
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Which of the following units is used to measure acceleration in free fall?
m/s2
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Earth pulls on the moon and holds the moon in its orbit. The moon pulls on Earth with an equal and opposite force. This is an
example of
•Newton’s 3rd Law
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What is the unbalanced force that slows down a ball rolling across the
floor?
Friction
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• A boy pushes on a parked car with a force of 200 N. The car does not move. How much work does the boy do on the car?
• A boy pushes on a parked car with a force of 200 N. The car does not move. How much work does the boy do on the car?
W = F*d 0
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What are the units of work?
J or N*m or Kg*m2/s2
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Which of the following processes requires the most work?a.A 10 kg weight rests on a table.
b.A person holds a 1 kg weight still with outstretched arms.
c.A person lifts a 1 kg weight 1 m off the floor.
d. A 10 kg ball is rolled across the floor at a constant speed for a distance of 10 m.
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• A man pushes a crate along a factory floor by exerting a force of 70 N. If the crate moves a distance of 4.0 m, how much work does the man perform?
• A man pushes a crate along a factory floor by exerting a force of 70 N. If the crate moves a distance of 4.0 m, how much work does the man perform?
280J
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What are the units of power?
Watts
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A weightlifter presses a 200 N weight 1 m over his head in 2
seconds. What is the power of the weightlifter?
100W
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Work can _______ energy. Energy can do _________.
make
work
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What is the gravitational potential energy of a 70 kg box that is 4.0 m above the
ground?
2744J
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Gravitational potential energy depends on the
Height
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Gravitational potential energy depends on the
height gravity and mass
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A medicine ball has a mass of 10 kg and is
thrown with a speed of 2 m/s. What is its kinetic energy?
20J
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The kind of energy associated with atomic
bonds is
Nuclear energy
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•An object weighing 100 N is dropped from the top of a building and falls a distance of 35 m to the ground. How much work does gravity do on the object from the time it is dropped to the time it hits the ground?
•An object weighing 100 N is dropped from the top of a building and falls a distance of 35 m to the ground. How much work does gravity do on the object from the time it is dropped to the time it hits the ground?
3500J
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The law of conservation of energy states
that energy cannot be created nor
destroyed.
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Temperature isthe average kinetic energy of a molecules, feels hot or cold, can be measured
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•As the kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance increases, the
•As the kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance increases, the
heat increases temperature
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The transfer of energy caused by the collision of molecules is
called
conduction
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The transfer of energy by the movement of fluids or gases with different temperatures is called
convection
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Energy from the sun reaches Earth by
radiation
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Convection currents rise in air because
hot air is less dense
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Which method of energy transfer does
not involve movement of matter?
Radiation
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Which of the following substances is the best
conductor of transferring energy as heat?
a. carbon dioxide gas c. iron
b. water d. rubber
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A cold-blooded reptile basks on a warm rock in
the sun. Its body is warmed by
Radiation and conduction
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The End!The End!The End!The End!The End!The End!