final glossary

8/17/2019 Final Glossary

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Glossary for CreativeOn

Dedicated Servers/VPS

1. Dedicated Server:

Dedicated server, a type of internet hosting in which an entire server is leased by the client

which is not shared with anyone. It is more secure and better than shared hosting as organizations

have complete control over their server including many aspects like hardware, selection of

operating system etc.

2. VPS (Virtual Private Server):

A server can be divided into a few number of private servers called VP, Virtual Private erver.

!ach VP share resources of the server and functions the same as a standard server.

3. Proa!ation:

"hen D# is updated to D# servers, this process is call propagation. It takes up to $% hours.

Its concern is with those who have &ust bought, transferred or updated a domain.

". Data #ransfer:

Data 'ransfer is that amount of data that can be transferred or the total capacity of information

that can be consumed over your server(s network. In "ebhosting, Data 'ransfer offered is

usually for a period of one month.

$. Dis% Sace:

A specific amount of space called disk space, is allocated to your account from server(s disk storage in which you can store your log files, )'*+ files, audio clips, graphics and all other

files necessary to make up your website including email messages.

&. Guaranteed ':


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uaranteed -A* is the -A* allocated to VP and meant to be available always no matter how

much -A* is used by other VPs.

*. +and,idt-:

In a digital communication system, bandwidth can be defined as the net bit rate that can be

transmitted in a fied amount of time /usually a second0. It is also known as peak bit rate

epressed in bits per second /bps0 or bytes per second. 1ut in modern networks, speed is

measured in millions of bits per second /*bps0 or billions of bit per second /bps0. It is also

important to note that in terms of web hosting services and computer networks bandwidth is

incorrectly used as a synonym for Data 'ransfer.

. +urstale ': Burstable RAM is the RAM provided to VPS (Virtual Private Servers) on a

server which comes into play when the usage exceeds rom the allocated

amount o guaranteed RAM! So in other words Burstable RAM is the RAM

which can be used in emergency by VPS when it encounters high amount o

tra"c! #uring normal tra"c$ this RAM is not used by any VPS on a server and

can be allocated to any VPS on a server in case o need! But this is not a RAM

to be constantly dependent upon because it is not guaranteed to be

available always!

%or &xample$ ' B o guaranteed RAM is available or your VPS with B

Burstable RAM then B o Burstable RAM can be used ater you have

consumed your guaranteed RAM!

0. CG (Coon Gate,ay nterface):

*eb servers interace with the executable programs installed on a server in a

standard way$ that standard way is called +'$ +ommon ateway 'nterace!

Such programs are called +'s or +' scripts! ,hese scripts are mostly

written in scripting languages li-e Perl but can be written in any

programming language li-e +.+//! A special directory is used to store these

programs li-e .cgi0bin!


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1. SS4 (Secure Soc%et 4ayer):

+, the secure socket layer is used for safe and secure transmission of private and confidential

data over the internet by encrypting it. 2or eample, credit card numbers by using https protocol.

11. SS4 certificate:

+ certificate ensures secure communication. 2or online business or transactions, it is necessary

build trust with your customers which is made sure by + certificate. + certificate is installed

on pages for the end users to submit sensitive information like passwords, credit cards etc. It is

intended for many purposes e.g. to ensure the identity of remote computer, prove the identity of

remote computer etc.

12. DP (Data Protection ct):

Data Protection Act gives you the right to know the information held about you. DPA governs the

rules to make sure this data or information is processed properly.

13. 5ire,all:

A firewall is a device or a set of devices in which instructions are set up for network

transmissions. A firewall permits or denies network transmissions according to predefined set of

rules. #etworks are protected from unauthorized access with the help of firewalls but

communications which are legitimate are allowed to pass.

It can also be regarded as a network security system that monitors and controls the incoming and

outgoing network traffic based on predefined security rules.

1". Gate,ay:

ateway is a system for echanging information across networks that are incompatible and use

different protocols. It is basically a combination of hardware and software that connects two

different networks so that information can be echanged. 'he hardware devices /called

3bridges30 and the computer programs perform the necessary translations.


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1$. 6ost:

A company which provides hosting services is called host.

1&. S4 (Service 4evel !reeent):

A contractual agreement by which a service provider defines the level of service, responsibilities,

priorities, and guarantees regarding availability, performance, and other aspects of the service.

Control Panels

1*. Control Panel:

+ontrol Panel is part o the 1'$ raphical 1se 'nterace which allows users to

control the basic settings o their system! Most widely used control panels

are *ebmin$ +ent2S *eb Panel$ +Panel$ #irect Admin$ 30Sphere$ 'SP

manager$ Ples- etc!

1. CPanel:

+Panel is a web hosting control panel build to control and manipulate thebasic settings o website li-e emails$ databases$ domains$ security etc! 't

provides basic and necessary automation tools necessary or hosting a

website! 't provides these services via web interace! 't provides unctionality

or administrators$ resellers and end users website owners by utili4ing 5 tier

structure to control the numerous aspects o website and server

administration through a web browser!

10. Ples%:

Plesk Panel by Parallels allows a server administrator to set up new websites, reseller accounts,

e4mail accounts, and D# entries through a web4based interface. 'he administrator can create


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client and site templates, which predetermine resource4allocation parameters for the domains

and5or clients.

Doain 7ae

2. Doain nae:

6onventionally, the name of your website is called Domain name. uffi of your domain

indicates which '+D /'op +evel Domain0 it belongs to. 2or instance, .com, .org, .net, .gov etc.

2. 'e!istrar:

-egistrar is the one from which you have bought your domain or technically registered.

2. 'e!istry:

A place where registers or records are kept.

2. 'e!istrant:

A person who registers something

2. Cctld:

21. Pendin! Delete:

Pending delete is the final and last stage before domain is released back to the domain market i.e.

registration of domain epires. 'his only occurs after 7uarantine.

2. 8uarantine:

8uarantine is the period in which domain is neither available for the original owner to re4register

nor available to the general public to purchase. 'his period occurs after the redemption period

which is eplained below.

2. 'edetion:

-edemption period is the period when a domain epires, the eisting registry keeps a hold on the

domain name instead of deleting it. o that the original owner of the domain can retrieve his

domain and prevent it from deletion by contacting the registrar as soon as possible.


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2. dinistrative contact

2. #ec-nical contact

2. +ac%order

2. +illin! contact

2. Disute olicy

2. #4D (#o 4evel Doain):

'+D stands for top level domain. 'his is the domain with etension .com, .org, .gov etc.

2. D7S:

It(s easy to remember names or words instead of numbers /IP addresses0. o the need of D#

arises. D# stands for Domain #ame ystem which directs the domain names to their

corresponding IP addresses. 'he database of D# is distributed and replicated among many D#

servers. o if you change the IP address of your domain, it takes a while to change on all D#

servers.

2. 9iration date:

2. ;!radation date:

2. Creation date:

2. 7ae servers /riary nae server/ secondary nae

2. 7

2. C77

2. nternal transfer

2. #ransfer


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2. ;'4 5or,ardin!

2. as%ed for,ardin!

2. 'ene,al

2. nfrastructure #o


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$$. 47 (4ocal rea 7et,or%):

+A#, +ocal Area #etwork is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited

area like same building of office, school, residence or laboratory.

S-ared 6ostin!

$*. S-ared =e 6ostin!:

In shared web hosting many websites reside on a server and share resources of a single server.

!ach website uses its own partition or section5place on the server for its operations. 'his helps to

keep it separate from other sites.

$*. Sa:

nsolicited or irrelevant messages sent over the internet usually to a large number of

group of people for the purpose of advertisement or selling something. It is also called

&unk email or unsolicited bulk email.

$*. #raffic:

'raffic can be easily defined as the number of users on a website. 'echnically it is the load on a

communication device or a system.

$*. 4oad +alancin!:

+oad balancing is a computer networking methodology used to share or distribute load in order

to minimize response time, get rid of overload, maimize throughput and to achieve resource

optimal resource utilization. It distributes workload across multiple computers or a computer

cluster, network links, central processing units, disk drives, or other resources.


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$*. Service i!ration

$*. Service rovider

4an!ua!es> Scrits

&3. V+ Scrit:

'he *icrosoft Visual 1asic programming language, is a fast, portable, lightweight interpreter for

use in "orld "ide "eb browsers and other applications that use *icrosoft ActiveB 6ontrols,

Automation servers, and Cava applets.

&3. SP.79# (ctive Server Pa!es):ASP!net is a server side scripting language developed by Microsot! 't is

abbreviated as Active Server Pages and is also used to develop web pages

with !asp extension! 3,M6 and scripting code are mixed by ASP! Scripting

code is written in VBScript or 7script! ASP!8&, is also a undamental part o

Microsot9s !8&, ramewor-!

&3. CSS (Cascadin! Style S-eets):

+SS$ +ascading style sheets is used to apply di:erent design styles to

multiple web pages! ,hese design styles are contained in a +SS ;le! +hanges

to ormats can be easily applied by using an external +SS ;le! So using an

external +SS ;le gives you the bene;t to easily change ormats and prevents

the need o changing every web page!

&3. P6P:

P)P stands for )ypertet Pre4processor. It(s an open source server side scripting language usedfor general purposes and web development. P)P files have etension .php and its code can be

embedded into )'*+.

&3. ?ava:


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un *icrosystems introduced a network4oriented programming language that is specifically

designed for writing programs that can be securely downloaded to your computer via Internet

and immediately run without headache of dealing with viruses or other harm to your computer or

files. mall Cava programs are called 3Applets3. "eb pages can include functions such as

animations using these applets.

&3. 'ound 'oin:

-ound4robin is one of the simplest scheduling algorithms for processes in an operating system.

As the term is generally used, time slices are assigned to each process in e7ual portions and in

circular order, handling all processes without priority.

&3. yS84:

*y8+ /*y tructured 8uery +anguage0 is the most commonly used -D1*, relationship

database management system. It was named after the daughter of its co4founder *ichael

"idenius.

&3. Perl:

Perl is the open source scripting language for 6I scripts. Powerful tet manipulation facilities

of Perl makes it one of the best and most popular web programming languages.

Protocols:

*1. 6##P

*1. 'DP

*1. #elnet

*1. SS6

*1. =5/=@ Protocols

*1. +luetoot- rotocol

*1. 5ire C-annel net,or% rotocols

*1. nternet Protocol Suite or #CP/P odel or #CP/P stac%

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP/IP_modelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TCP/IP_model


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*1. P / iv"

*1. Pv&

*1. SS6 Secure S-ell

*1. S+ Server essa!e +loc%> one version of ,-ic- ,as

also %no,n as C5S (Coon nternet 5ile Syste)

*1. 5#P (5ile #ransfer Protocol):

2ile 'ransfer Protocol, as the name describes, is used to transfer /download and upload0 files

between client /your computer0 and server /your webhosting area0. "idely used software for

2'P are +eech 2'P, 2ilezilla, 6ute 2'P, 6yberduck, mart2'P, 2lash 2BP etc.

*1. S#P Sile ail #ransfer Protocol

*1. #CP #ransission Control Protocol

*1. #elnet #ele-one 7et,or%

*1. 6##P 6yer #et #ransfer Protocol

*1. 6##Ps Secure 6yer #et #ransfer Protocol

*1. POP Post Office Protocol

*1. #P edia #ransfer Protocol

*1. S5#P Secure 5ile #ransfer Protocol

*1. #4S #ransort 4ayer Security

*1. 7#P 7et,or% tie rotocol

*1. PPP Point to Point Protocol

*1. 77#P 7et,or% 7e,s #ransfer Protocol

*1. P nternet essa!e ccess Protocol


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SC

0*. 9


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d. Centos

e. Oensuse

f. Slac%,are linu

Cloud

1$. CD7 (Content Delivery 7et,or%):

6ontent delivery network is a system which consists of multiple computers. 'hese computers

contain copies of data and these computers are located at different places on the network so the

users can access the copy closest to them.

1&. Cloud:6loud is a basically a metaphorical word for the global internet network. Data stored on

the cloud means data that can be accessed from anywhere in the world through internet.

It(s better to store data on the cloud rather than on your computer(s hard drive because

that can be accessed by you wherever you go.

1*. Cloud lication:

6loud application is a software accessed over the internet via web browser and that is never

installed on your local machine. 'he EtopF layer of the 6loud Pyramid where EapplicationsF are

run and interacted with via a web4browser. 6loud Applications are tightly controlled, leaving

little room for modification. !amples includeG mail or ales2orce.com.

1*. Cloud rcs:

It is a short form for cloud architectures. 6loud arcs are the designs for software applications that

can be accessed and used over the internet.

1*. Cloud as a service (CaaS):

6loud as a service is a cloud computing service that can be regarded as a platform for others to

build upon.


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1*. Cloudurst:

"hat about if your cloud encounters an outage or security breach and your data is unavailable.

'he term cloudburst has dual meanings, negative and positiveG

a. Cloudurst (ne!ative):'he failure of a cloud computing environment due to the inability to handle a spike in demand.

. Cloudurst (ositive):

'he dynamic deployment of a software application that runs on internal organizational compute

resources to a public cloud to address a spike in demand.

1*. Cloud Center:

A data center in the Hcloud( which utilizes standards4based virtualized components as a

datacenter4like infrastructure. 2or !ample, a large company, such as Amazon, that rents its

infrastructure to #etfli and Pinterest.

1*. Cloud Client:

A cloud client is specifically designed for delivery of cloud services and it consists of computer

hardware and5or software that relies on cloud computing for application delivery and that, in

either case, is essentially useless without cloud services. 2or eample some computers, phones

and other devices, operating systems and browsers.

1*. Cloud 6ostin!:

It is a type of internet hosting in which the client leases virtualized, dynamically scalable

infrastructure on an as4needed basis. sers fre7uently have the choice of operating system and

other infrastructure components. 'ypically cloud hosting is self4service, billed hourly or monthly,

and controlled via a web interface or API.

1*. Cloud OS:


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A computer operating system that is specially designed to run in a provider(s datacenter and be

delivered to the user over the Internet or another network. "indows Azure is an eample of a

cloud operating system or Ecloud layerF that runs on "indows erver %99;. 'he term is also

sometimes used to refer to cloud4based client operating systems such as oogle(s 6hrome .

1*. Cloud Provider:

A company that provides cloud4based platform, infrastructure, application, or storage services to

other organizations and5or individuals, usually for a fee.

1*. Cloud Security:

'he same security principles that apply to on4site computing apply to cloud computing security.

1*. Cloud Servers:

Virtualized servers running "indows or +inu operating systems that are instantiated via a web

interface or API. 6loud ervers behave in the same manner as physical ones and can be

controlled at an administrator or root level, depending on the server type and 6loud )osting

provider.

1*. Cloud Stora!e:

A service that allows customers to save data by transferring it over the Internet or another

network to an offsite storage system maintained by a third party.

1*. Cloud ,are:

A general term referring to a variety of software, typically at the infrastructure level, that enables

building, deploying, running or managing applications in a cloud computing environment.

1*. Cluster:


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A group of linked computers that work together as if they were a single computer, for high

availability and5or load balancing.

1*. Consution


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1*. 6yrid Cloud:

A networking environment that includes multiple integrated internal and5or eternal providers.

)ybrid clouds combine aspects of both public and private clouds.

1*. nfrastructure as a Service (aaS):

6loud infrastructure services or EInfrastructure as a ervice /Iaa0F delivers computer

infrastructure, typically a platform virtualization environment, as a service. -ather than

purchasing servers, software, data center space or network e7uipment, clients instead buy those

resources as a fully outsourced service. 'he service is typically billed on a utility computing

basis and amount of resources consumed /and therefore the cost0 will typically reflect the levelof activity. It is an evolution of web hosting and virtual private server offerings.

1*. PaaS (Platfor as a Service):

Platform as a service J 6loud platform services, whereby the computing platform /operating

system and associated services0 is delivered as a service over the Internet by the provider. 'he

Paa layer offers black4bo services with which developers can build applications on top of the

compute infrastructure. 'his might include developer tools that are offered as a service to build

services, or data access and database services, or billing services. 2or eample, *icrosoft Azure.

1*. SaaS (Soft,are as a Service):

6loud application services, whereby applications are delivered over the Internet by the provider,

so that the applications don(t have to be purchased, installed, and run on the customer(s

computers. aa providers were previously referred to as AP /application service providers0. In

the aa layer, the service provider hosts the software so you don(t need to install it, manage it,

or buy hardware for it. All you have to do is connect and use it. aa !amples include customer

relationship management as a service.

1*. nternal Cloud:


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A type of private cloud whose services are provided by an I' department to those in its own

organization.

1*. Personal Cloud:

It synonymous with something called *i2i, a personal wireless router. It takes a mobile wireless

data signal and translates it to "i42i. It(s pronounced *!4fi, as in Ethe personal cloud belongs to

me J but if you(re nice I(ll let you connect.F

1*. Private clouds:

Private clouds virtualized cloud data centers inside your company(s firewall. It may also be a

private space dedicated to your company within a cloud provider(s data center. An internal cloud

behind the organization(s firewall. 'he company(s I' department provides softwares and

hardware as a service to its customers J the people who work for the company. Vendors love the

words Eprivate cloud.F

1*. Pulic Cloud:

ervices offered over the public Internet and available to anyone who wants to purchase theservice.

1*. Vertical Cloud:

A cloud computing environment that is optimized for use in a particular industry, such as health

care or financial services.

1*. Virtual Private Data Center:

-esources grouped according to specific business ob&ectives.

5aous cloud services


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1"1. =indo,s 4ive Services:

*icrosoft(s cloud4based consumer applications, which include "indows +ive *ail, "indows

+ive Photo allery, "indows +ive 6alendar, "indows +ive !vents, "indows +ive kyDrive,

"indows +ive paces, "indows +ive *essenger, "indows +ive "riter, and "indows +ive for

*obile.

1"1. aBon ec2:

Amazon e

1"1. icrosoft Bure:

*icrosoft cloud services that provide the platform as a service /see Paa0, allowing developers

to create cloud applications and services.

1"1. Goo!le s:

oogle(s aa offering that includes an office productivity suite, email, and document sharing,

as well as mail, oogle 'alk for instant messaging, oogle 6alendar and oogle Docs,spreadsheets, and presentations.

1"$. 9ncrytion:

!ncryption is the process of converting data into a form called cipher tet, in which messages or

information is encoded in such a way that only authorized people can access it. nencrypted data

is called plain tet.

1"$. Decrytion:

'he process of converting encrypted data into plain tet is called decryption.

Cloud is a ar%etin! ter / t eans little different to everyone /

ecet for soe asic roerties.


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9lastic

Scalale

ove

=-at is cloud (coutin! clouds> dataase clouds> stora!e clouds)

aaS

PaaS

SaaS

Vertical Cloud

Cloud rcs

final glossary

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