final seminar on shovels

8/10/2019 Final Seminar on shovels

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SHOVELS

It is a tool for lifting and moving loose material

such as COAL, SNOW, SAND and is extremely

common tool which is used.

It is a long handled tool with a scooping blade.

Also available with a variety of handle lengths .

Capacity is 0.5-0.75

Cubic feet.

Blade

Handle

Controller


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HOW SHOVEL WORKS

The shovel consists of three tools in one: a handle (lever) and a

cutting blade (inclined plane) formed on the leading edge of a

scoop.

The blade cuts into the soil by concentrating muscle power or

weight onto the sharp point.

The handle provides leverage for lifting the soil. When you

dig, you first cut and then pry. The longer the handle, the

greater the leverage.

Could work at about 21 scoops per minute.

Standard lift angle is 37 degree.


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TYPES OF SHOVELS

BARN SHOVEL: It is a big industrial shovel used for moving grain or sometimes for

cleaning.

Usually of flat leading edge and are deep.

Has a wide aluminium or plastic blade.

Cost varies from Rs 1500-Rs 1900.

COAL SHOVEL: Used to remove the piles of coal from storage .

Has a wide flat edge and its blade is flat at the centre and curved

sharply at the side. Available with shorter and longer handles.

Its cost is between 900-1200.


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GARDEN SHOVEL:

Round pointed shovels with a blade which is 8 inches wide and 12 inches long.

Curved at the edges help to maintain the load.

They are excellent for edging flower beds and walkways or for installingunderground wiring,

Cost lies between 700-1000.

SNOW SHOVEL:

They are flat.

May have blades of metal or plastic

Designed to push snow more than lifting and moving it.

Cost varies from 2000-2400.


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FRONT SHOVELS

Use for hard digging above track level and for loading haul

units.

Most of them are crawler mounted.

Size of a shovel is indicated by the size of the bucket

expressed in cubic yards.

Maximum reach is 10350mm and height is 11260mm.

Basic parts include the cab, boom, stick and bucket


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CAB:- The workstation has been designed to be spacious,

and quiet comfortable for the operator, assuring high

productivity throughout the entire work day. Switches are

conveniently located for easy access.

BOOM: The boom is 4.6 m long and features a rigidstructure with a number of steel castings.

STICK:- The stick is 3.4 m long. The stick nose andstick foot are made of cast steel. The middle portion has a

box structure fabricated with steel plates.


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DOZERS

It is a tractor power unit that has

blade attached to the machines front.

Are effective and versatile earthmoving machines.

Blade is used to push, cut and roll material ahead of the

dozer. Used for the operations such as:- Back-filling trenches.

Clearing land.

Clearing the floors of quarry pits.

Spreading earth or rock fills.

Moving rock for short push distances up to 91m.

Has no set volumetric capacity.


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PERFORMANCE

CHARACTERISTICS OF DOZERS

Classified on the basis of running gear:-

A) CRAWLER

B) WHEEL-TYPE


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WHEEL TYPE DOZER:-

Good for firm soil. For long travel distances.

Best in handling loose soil.

Can only handle moderateblade loads.

Concentrated wheel load will provide compaction

to ground surface.

Capacity ranging from 33.1-58.2 cubic yards.


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CRAWLER DOZER:-

Can work on a variety of soils.

Good for short work distances. Best in handling tight soils.

Can push large blade loads.

Capacity ranging from 1.35-1.50Cubic meters.


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BLADES

Consists of a moldboard with replaceable cutting edges andside bits.

Hardened steel cutting edges and side bits are bolted onbecause they receive most of the abrasion and wear outrapidly.

Bolted connections enable easy replacement.

There are four types of blades available:

STRAIGHT BLADE

ANGLE BLADE UNIVERSAL BLADE

CUSION BLADE


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1) STRAIGHT BLADE:- For short and medium distance

passes such as backfilling,

spreading or filling Material.

Position perpendicular to the dozer.

2) ANGLE BLADE:-

Wider by 1-2 ft. Can be tilted.

Good for side casting.

Can be angled up to 25degree.


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3) UNIVERSAL BLADE:- Wider than the s blade.

Good for moving at large

distance as the canted edges dont loose materials.

4) CUSHION BLADE:-

Are mounted on large dozers. Used for push loading scrapers.

Cannot be tilted, pitched or angled.


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final seminar on shovels

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