FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT / RAPPORT TECHNIQUE FINAL

ANNEX 4B-DISSEMINATION WORKSHOP REPORT ;

;

© 2018, UBC AND HKI

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IDRC Grant / Subvention du CRDI: 107982-001-Scale Up of Homestead Food Production for Improved Nutrition in Cambodia (CIFSRF

Phase 2)

Dissemination Workshop Report Family Farms for the Future

Helen KellerINTERNATIONAL

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IntroductionOnJune5,2018,HelenKellerInternational(HKI)andUniversityofBritishColumbia(UBC)hostedapublicDisseminationWorkshopfortheFamilyFarmsfortheFutureprojectincollaborationwiththeFisheriesAdministration(FiA),MinistryofAgricultureandForestryandFisheries(MAFF),PromVihearThorandVillageSupportGroup,andOrganizationtoDevelopOurVillages(ODOV).Thepurposeofthisworkshopwastobringtogethernutrition,aquaculture,andagriculturestakeholderstosharekeyresultsoftheFamilyFarmsfortheFuture(FF4F)project.Ahostoforganizationsincludinglocalnon-governmentalorganizations(NGOs);internationaldonororganizations;UnitedNation(UN)agencies;national,provincialanddistrictlevelgovernmentdepartments;anduniversities;wererepresentedby85workshopparticipants.TheobjectiveofthisworkshopwastosharekeyresultsfromtheFishonFarmsprojectandtogenerateadiscussionaroundagricultureandaquacultureasameansofimprovingnutritionandfoodsecurityinruralCambodia.ThescheduleforthisworkshopcanbefoundinAppendix1.Ingeneral,initialpresentationsreviewedthecontentoftheprogram,remindingworkshopparticipantsofthedesignandactivitiesinvolvedintheFamilyFarmsfortheFutureproject,includingtheunderlyingEnhancedHomesteadFoodProductionprogram(EHFP).Laterpresentationsthenelaboratedonthemethodsofprogramevaluation,

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theresultsoftheprogram,andtheimplicationsforfuturepolicyandprogramdesign.

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PresentationsWelcomeRemarksNancyHaselow,HKIMs.Haselow,ofHelenKellerInternational,tookthepodiumtowelcometheworkshop’sguestsandtointroducethepurposeoftheday’sproceedings.Sheemphasizedthattheworkshopwouldfocusnotonlyontheresearchfindingsthemselves,butalsoontheirimplicationsforfoodsecurityandnutritionactionandpolicy.SheexpressedherthankstoHKI’smanycollaborators,andofferedspecialthankstotheCambodiangovernment,particularlyCARDandtheFisheriesAdministrationfortheircollaborationatboththenationalandsub-nationallevels.ShealsothankedtheUniversityofBritishColumbiafortheirinvaluablejointcollaborationontheproject.ShealsoextendedherthankstolocalpartnersODOV,VSG,PVTfortheirsupportinimplementation.ThankswerealsoextendedtoGlobalAffairsCanadaandIDRCfortheirfinancialsupport,aswellastheircollaborationindesigningtheresearch.Ms.HaselowreviewedHKI’slongstandingworkandcollaborationwiththeGovernmentoverthepast20yearsthatHKIhasbeenworkinginCambodia.ThedynamicrelationshipcontinuestoevolveandsheexpressedHKI’scommitmenttocontinuingthiscollaborativerelationship,buildingonpriorwork.Indeed,theFF4FProgramdrawsonthepreviousFishonFarmsproject.ThefindingsofresearchmadepossiblethoughthiscollaborationhavethepotentialtoinformprogramsatHKIandotherorganizationsaroundtheworld,andtomakearealdifferenceinaddressingmalnutrition.Ms.HaselownotedthattrulyaddressingtheproblemsofmalnutritioninCambodiawillinvolveaddressingthedoubleburdenofbothundernutritionandrisingratesofoverweightandobesity.ShecommendedtheCambodiangovernment’sambitiousadaptationofthesustainabledevelopmentgoalstothisend.Sheurgedthatachievingthesegoalswillrequireadditionalfinancialsupportandinvestmentbythegovernment,civilsociety,UNagenciesanddonors,andanengagedandresponsibleprivatesector.WelcomeRemarksMr.SantiagoAlba-Corral,IDRCMr.SantiagotookthepodiumtosharehisthoughtsonbehalfofIDRC,regardingtheconclusionoftheFamilyFarmsfortheFutureproject,sayingthathethoughttheappropriatewordtodescribetheday’sproceedingswas“happiness.”Heexpressedhappinessforaproductiveandcongenialexperienceofpartnershipamonginstitutionsthatdonotfrequentlyworktogether.HenotedthehumanfacesofhappinesshesawonanexcursiontovisitFF4Fbeneficiariesinthefieldthedaybefore.Heexpressedhappinessalsoatbeingabletoseetangibleresultsfromthisresearchproject,eveninatimespanoflessthansixyears.HecongratulatedeveryonefortheirparticipationinsuchanimpactfulprojectandexpressedhiseagernesstoreturntoCambodiainthefuture.

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OpeningandClosingRemarksbyRepresentativesoftheCambodianGovernmentHisExcellencySokSilo,DeputyGeneralSecretaryoftheCouncilforAgriculturalandRuralDevelopment(CARD)HisExcellencyEngCheasan,DirectorGeneral,FIA,MAFFInhisopeningremarks,HisExcellencySokSilo,DeputyGeneralSecretaryoftheCouncilforAgriculturalandRuralDevelopment(CARD)–thenationalcoordinatingbodyforfoodsecurityandnutritionandCountryCoordinatorforSUNMovement-highlightedtheimportanceofintegratedcommunitybasedinterventionsasameanstoimprovefoodsecurityandnutritioninCambodia.HewentontosaythattheFF4Fprojectisagoodexampleonhowintegratedinterventionscouldbeachievedforimprovedfoodsecurityandnutritioninruralareas.HewentontosaythatCARDlooksforwardtodiscussingthelessonsandbestpracticesfromtheproject,andtousingthemtoinformthenextnationalstrategyonfoodsecurityandnutrition.Inhisclosingremarks,H.EEngCheasan,DirectorGeneral,FIA,MAFF,saidthatFIAvaluedveryhighlythesuccessofthisproject,especiallytheinnovationofthepoly-cultureofmallandlargefish.HesaidthatFIAhasincorporatedthismodelofpoly-cultureintheirvariousdocuments,includingtheirfishproductiontrainingandstrategy.PresentationonCanadianInternationalFoodSecurityandResearchFundMr.FrankSchneider,GACMr.SchneiderspokeonbehalfoftheDevelopmentStreamofGlobalAffairsCanada.Heexpressedhisappreciationfortheopportunitytoattendtheworkshop,andtoseetheresultsofwhatheviewsasaverysuccessfulproject.HeintroducedtheobjectivesoftheCanadianInternationalFoodSecurityResearchFund(CIFSRF)pertainingtothisproject.Theseobjectivesincluded:1)increasingfoodsecurityindevelopingcountriesbyapplyingresearchinfoodsecurityandnutrition,withafocusonwomenandchildren,2)increasingagriculturalproductivitythroughtesting,implementing,andscalingupinnovation3)mobilizingdevelopingcountryexpertiseandinputincollaborationthroughcreativemulti-sectoralpartnerships4)usingtheresultsofresearchtoinfluencepoliciesandprograms.Hethenofferedanoverviewofanongoingnine-year$124MillionCanadianDollarinitiativetotackleglobalfoodsecuritychallenges.Thisinitiativeiscomprisedof39projectsin20countrieswiththecollaborationof20Canadianorganizationsandmorethan40southernorganizations.Theinitiativehastested,validatedandscaledupover60innovations.Theinnovativeinterventionsincludesuchthingsasunderutilizedcrops,managementpractices,valuechains,foodsafety,andvaccines.TheprogramminginAsiahasfocusedparticularlyonreducingmalnutrition,increasingmilletproduction,reducingfoodwastageinshippingandstorage.Mr.SchneidernotedthattheseinnovationsmayhavepotentialapplicationswellbeyondAsia.Severaloftheprogramsspecificallyaddressedissuesrelatedtofemale

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smallholderfarmers’workload.Thesesoughttoreduceworkdrudgeryinordertoaffordwomengreatertimeforothersocialoreconomicpursuits.Beyondtestingtheinnovations,andcontributingtotheglobalevidence-baseanotherkeyachievementoftheinitiativetodatehasbeentheformationofpartnershipswithnationalandsub-nationalgovernments.HesaidthatpartofthecurrentagendaisdetermininghowtobuildontheworkthathasbeendonehereinCambodia,bothwithinCambodiaandelsewhere,especiallyinlightoftherecentCanadianfeministassistancepolicy.OverviewofEnhancedHomesteadFoodProductionProgramandItsIntegrationwithFamilyFarmsfortheFutureMr.ZamanTalukder,HKIMr.TalukderbeganhisremarkswithanoverviewofHellenKellerInternational’sflagshipEnhancedHomesteadFoodProductionprogram(EHFP).HeoutlinedseveralimportantresearchandimplementationquestionsrelatedtotheimplementationoftheEHFPmodelinthecontextoftheFF4Fproject.Thesequestionsincludedtheacceptabilityofincorporatingmicrofinancewiththeprogram,andtestingdifferentcost-sharingschemes.AsecondobjectiveinthecontextoftheFF4Fprojectwastodeveloptools,includingthoserelatedtofishhatcheries,tosharewithcollaborativepartners,andtotransferknowledgeandskillstocollaboratingNGOs.Athirdgoaloftheprojectwastoinformnutritionalstrategiesandpoliciesofnationalandinternationalstakeholders.Thiswasachievedthroughthedevelopmentofevidence-basedpolicybriefsandthedisseminationofevidence-basedfindingsthroughworkshopsandpublications.OverviewofFamilyFarmsfortheFutureResearchGoalsandStudyDesignDr.TimGreen,UBCDr.GreenofferedhisappreciationtoallcollaboratorsonbehalfofUBC,andhisappreciationforthesuccessfulcollaborationbetweenorganizationsthatbringdifferentperspectivestothetable.Dr.GreenthendeliveredanoverviewoftrendsinnutritioninCambodiainlightofthecountry’srapideconomicdevelopment.Hereiteratedpreviousspeakers’commentsaboutthegrowingdoubleburdenofundernutritionandoverweightandobesity.Hereviewedtheremarkableprogressthathasbeenmadetoreducestuntinginthepastfourteenyears,butnotedthatfurtherreducingtheprevalenceofstuntingmayproveevenmorechallenging.TheurgentneedtodevelopadiverseandenvironmentallysustainablefoodproductionsystemservedastherationaleforthestudyUBCconductedonFF4F.Henotedthatnutrition-sensitiveinterventionssuchasEHFPcansupplementnutrition-

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specificprogramstoreducetheunderlyingdeterminantsofundernutrition.Therehadheretoforenotbeenastudyoftheeconomiccostsandbenefitsofsuchanutrition-sensitiveintervention,andtheresearchconductedonFF4Fsoughtinparttoaddressthisevidencegap.Dr.Greenandhisteamandcollaboratorsemployedarandomized-controltrialstudydesign.Dr.Greennotedsomepotentialissueswiththisstudydesign,includingthemotivationofthoserandomizedtofishfarming,andthepotentialaversiontocost-sharinginthestudypopulation.Throughoutthestudytherewereissuesrelatedtocost-sharing,andminimaldatacollectedregardingreasonsforattrition.Nevertheless,Dr.Greenhighlightedonepositivereal-worldimpactofthestudy,whichwasthatitidentifiedalower–than-expectedprevalenceofirondeficiencyanemia.ThisresultedinascalingbackofnationalironsupplementationprogramsinCambodia.Dr.GreenwentontodiscussthestudydesigninrelationtotheFF4Fprogram’shypothesizedpathwayofimpact.Indoingso,heoutlinedkeyassumptionsaboutinterventionadoption,increasedproduction,likelymechanismsofincome-generation,andmechanismsforimprovednutrition.Dr.Greenthenelaboratedontheexactdetailsofthestudydesign,studytimeline,theclusteringandrandomizationprocedures,andtheinclusionandexclusioncriteriaforparticipants.Healsoelaboratedontheoutcomemeasurements,includingtheproceduresforconductingmultiple24hrdietrecalls,whichpresentedparticularchallengesintheCambodiancontext.TherecallswereadministeredwithcollaborationfromIFPRI,andnutrientdatabaseswereextensivelyadaptedfortheCambodiancontext.OverviewofProjectImplementationHouKroeun,HKIMr.KroeundeliveredapresentationontheimplementationoftheFamilyFarmsfortheFutureproject.Herecognizedthemembersoftheadvisoryandimplementationteam,anddescribedtheirrolesandresponsibilities.Mr.Kroeundescribedhowinitialformativeresearch,aswellaslessonslearnedfrompriorprogramsinfluencedtheimplantationplanforFF4F.Hethenreviewedtheprocedureforstudyrecruitment,includingrecruitmentatthevillageandhouseholdlevels.Hereviewedstrategiesforinformingparticipantsaboutwhatparticipationinthestudywouldentail,includingtheuseofapre-recordedvideoforcommunication.Therecruitmentprocesstookbetweenfourandfivemonths.Thereweremoreinterestedhouseholdsthanthoseformallyengagedasstudyparticipants.Commonreasonsthatparticipantswerenotinterestedinparticipatingincluded,feelingsthattheinputsofferedwereinsufficient,concernsaboutadequatewatersupplyforaquaculture,anddisinterestinthegardeningportionoftheprogram.Mr.Kroeunalsointroducedcommunity-basedsupportservicesystemsthatwereestablishedtoprovideinputandtechnicalsupporttoparticipatinghouseholds.Theseincludedvillagemodelfarms,whichservedasatrainingcenter,sourceof

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informationandtechnicalassistance,aswellasadistributioncenterforprograminputs.Mr.Kroeundiscussedtheproceduresfortrainingandthetrainingoftrainers.Monthlycounselingwasdeliveredtohouseholdsonnutritionanddietarydiversity,particularlytargetingwomen.Bi-monthlymeetingsconvenedwomenandhealthvolunteerstogetherwithprogramstafftodiscussbestpracticesandlessonslearned.Thisfeedbackwasusedtorefinetheprogramandtodisseminatebestpractices.Mr.Kroeunthenreviewedprogramactivitiesdesignedtosupportthemarketingofproduce,includingtherefiningoftoolsandstrategiestosupportmarketing.DevelopmentandAdaptationoftheNurturingConnectionsWomen’sEmpowermentApproachfortheCambodianContextRamonaRidolfi,HKIMs.Ridolfispokeabouttheinclusionofwomen’sempowermentprogrammingintheFF4Fprogramdesign.Shedetailedthemonitoringandevaluationproceduresputinplacetodocumentwhatworkedanddidnotwork.Thedesignofthegenderstrategybeganwithformativeresearch,whichwasthenenhancedbyaliteraturereviewandresultedinadraftofaprogramcurriculummanual.Oncedrafted,themanualwasfurtherrefinedthroughongoingfeedbackfromfrontlinestaff.Thecurriculum,whichiscalled“NurturingConnections”isagender-transformativecurriculumthatwasoriginallydevelopedbyHKIin2012inBangladesh,buthasnowbeenimplementedinsevenprojectsacrossfourcountries.Thedesignofthecurriculumcamefromobservationsthathavinglimitedhouseholdinfluencehinderswomen’sabilitytoactonnutritionalbestpracticesandrecommendations.Ms.Ridolfiofferedanoverviewofthemoduleswithinthecurriculum,whichinCambodiaareimplementedacrosssevensessionsdevotedexclusivelytotheNurturingConnectionscontent.SomemodificationsfortheCambodiancontextincludedaddingactivitiesfocusedondomesticviolence,andtheintra-householdmanagementofincome.Adaptationforthelocallanguagecontextwasdonewithinputfromthefrontlinefieldstaff.ForCambodia,thesessionswerealsodeliveredinsinglegendersettings,thatis,separatelytomaleandfemalehouseholdmembers.FishHatcheries:ASustainableandProfitableEnterpriseforIncreasingFishProductionbyCombinationofCarpsandSmallIndigenousSpeciesDr.HavViseth,FisheriesAdministrationDr.VisethspokeaboutsmallscalehouseholdaquacultureasacomponentoftheFF4Fproject.Hehighlightedtheinnovationofpolyculture,orraisingsmallandlarge-carpspeciesinthesamepond.Whilethesmallindigenousandmicronutrient-densefishwereprimarilyharvestedforconsumption,thelargerfishcouldbeharvestedforsupplementalconsumption,orforsaletogenerateincome.Dr.VisethdescribedthespeciesoffishmostcommonlyraisedintheFF4Fhouseholdswhoparticipatedaquaculture,aswellastheirnutrientprofiles.Heofferedexamplesof

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theFF4Fbehaviorchangecommunicationmaterialsdesignedtopromotesmallfishconsumption.Dr.Viseththenreviewedtheroleofsmallscalefishhatcheriesintheprogram.ExpandingonpriorlessonslearnedfromtheFishonFarmsprogram,HKIandFIAdesignedandpromotedsmallscalefishhatcheriestosupportdecentralizedfishproduction,andtoprovideasustainablesupplyofsmallfishatthecommunitylevel.Notonlydidhatcheriesimproveaccesstosmallfishatthecommunitylevelbypreventingmortalityintransportation,reducingthecostoftransportation,buttheyalsoservedtoincreasethetechnicalknowledgeoffishproductionamongparticipatinghouseholdsbyprovidinganexample.Dr.VisethoutlinedthepracticalitiesofestablishingtheFF4Fhatcheryfarms.Theseincludedanoverviewoftheselectioncriteriaforthehatcheryfarms,whichincludedbeingcentrallylocatedandeasilygeographicallyaccessible.Healsodiscussedtheprocessofestablishingsignedagreements,sharingconstructioncosts,andrepaymentplansforinitialloans.Dr.VisethpresentedthetotalsalesinUSDforeachofthe10hatcheriesestablished,whichrangedfrom$2,500to$11,500.Dr.Visethalsodiscussedtheprocessbywhichthesefarmssupportedaquacultureatthehouseholdlevels,includingthetechnicalsupporttheyprovided,thetrainingstheyconducted,andthestart-upkitsthattheydeliveredtoparticipatinghouseholds.BetweentheFishonFarmsproject,andtheFamilyFarmsfortheFutureproject,atotalof1,200householdaquaculturepondsweredeveloped.Thekeytakeawaysfromtheprogramincluded;theimportanceofhatcheryfarmerselection,thepromisingsustainabilityobservedamongthelocalfishhatcheries,thegreattechnicalassistanceprovidedbyhatcheriestohouseholds,and,finally,thepromisingpotentialforfuturescale-upofthesehatcheries.FF4FOutcomesGaryMundy,HKI;KristinaMichaux,UBC;LarryLynd,UBCMr.Mundybeganthismulti-partpresentationonsomeofthekeyoutcomesoftheFF4Fproject.Hebeganwithareviewoftheprojectimpactpathway.Mr.Mundydescribedhowtestingthestepsontheimpactpathwayrequireddevelopingdetailedandsophisticatedmeasuresforproductionandconsumption.HenotesthatthesemeasureswereafruitoftheacademiccollaborationwithUBC,andthattheywillproveusefulforHKI’smonitoringandevaluationresearchgoingforward.

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Mr.Mundywentontopresentsomeresearchfindings,includingtheincreaseduptakeofdifferentbeneficialfarmingpracticessincebaseline,andanincreasedvarietyoffruitsandvegetablesbeingcultivated.Mr.Mundynotedageneralincreaseinfruitandvegetableproductionoverall,withastatisticallysignificantincreaseinvegetableproductionduringMay,June,andOctober.Hesuggeststhattheseincreasesarelikelyattributabletoadoptionofimprovedtechnologyandpromotedpracticesamonginterventionhouseholds.Infishproduction,increases,andinsomemonths,statisticallysignificantlyincreasesinfishproductionwereobservedininterventionhouseholdsascomparedtocontrolhouseholds.Mr.Mundynotedsomeotherfindings,includingahighprevalenceofpoultrydiseasewithevidencetosuggestthisdiseasewasnotbeingaddressed.Hesuggeststhatthismayhavecontributedtothemodestdifferencesinpoultrymeatandeggproductionbetweencontrolandinterventionhouseholds.Ms.Michauxthentookthepodiumtodiscussresultsfromthedietaryassessmentsconductedthroughoutthecourseoftheproject.Onemainobjectiveofthedietaryassessmentswastoassessseasonalvariationinconsumption.Twoadditionalobjectivesweretocompareintakeovertimebetweencontrolandinterventions,andadaptingandrefiningtoolssuchassurveyinstrumentsandnutrientdatabasesappropriatefortheCambodiancontext.Shereviewedtheprocedurefordatacollection,includingdatacollectedforstatisticalcorrectionandmeasurevalidation.Inanoverviewoftheresults,Ms.Michauxnotedthattherewasastatisticallysignificantdifferenceinthelikelihoodofinadequateintakeforseveralmicronutrientsofinterestbetweeninterventionandcontrolhouseholdsforbothwomenandchildreninboththeleanandpeakgrowingseasons.Shenotedthattherearemyriadopportunitiesforfurtherresearchgiventherichnessofthedatacollected.Finally,Mr.LynddescribedtheresultsfromaneconomicevaluationoftheFF4Fprogram.Heidentifiedtheinputsandoutputsoutlinedintheprogramimpactpathway,andtheopportunitiesandchallengesrelatedtoquantifyingtheeconomicvalueofthese.Thechosentypeofeconomicanalysiswasacost-effectivenessanalysis,specificallylookingattheincrementalcostofimplementationrelativetodisability-adjustedlifeyears(DALYs).Theteamdidnothaveamethodtodirectlymeasuredisability-adjustedlifeyears,butleveragedapreviousstudy(Steinetal.2005)thatmodeledtheDALYimpactofincreasedzincconsumption.Researcherswerealsoabletomonetizethevalueofproductionoutputs,andtocollectinformationoncosts,bothfromprogramoperationsandfromparticipantlabor.Theanalysis,modeledovertenyears,observedapositiveeconomicbenefitintheinterventionarm,withtheincreasedproductionoutweighingincreasedcosts.Specifically,thecostbenefitanalysisfoundapositivenetbenefitof$477perhouseholdovertenyears.Mr.Lyndcaveatsthisobservationbynotingseveralassumptionsincludedinthemodel.AkeyconsiderationisthattheresultsmodelonlyDALYsavertedattributabletoincreasedzincintake.Mr.Lyndnotedthe

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extraordinarydatacollected,includingthedetailedproductiondata,whichenabledthislevelofanalysis.FF4FOutcomes–ContinuedNajmaMoumin,UBCMs.MouminbeganherremarkswithacomparisonofthestudypopulationtothelargerpopulationofCambodia,notingthattheprevalenceofbothstuntingandmaternalmalnutritionweresimilartonationalprevalenceasdeterminedbythedemographicandhealthsurvey.Ascomparedtobaseline,neithertheintervention,northecontrolgroupdemonstratedasignificantchangeintheprevalenceofstuntingormaternalmalnutrition.Anend-lineassessmentofthewealthofhouseholdsinthesample,usingDHSsurveysandtheequitytool,suggestthat,onaverage,thestudysampleiswelloffrelativetothenationalpopulationofCambodia.OutcomeresultsrelatedtofoodsecuritysuggestedthatparticipationintheFF4Fprogramresultedinincreasedaccesstofoodandhouseholdfoodsecurity.Foodsecuritystatusimprovedbynearly50percent.Women’sempowermentwasalsoexaminedasanoutcome.AtoolcalledtheWomen’sEmpowermentinAgricultureIndex,developedbyIFPRI,wasusedtomeasurewomen’sautonomyanddecision-makingpower.Resultsfromthisanalysisshowedthatwomeninthesamplealreadydemonstratedhighlevelsofempowermentatbaseline.Amonginterventionhouseholds,anincreaseinwomen’scontroloverfoodcropandcashcropfarmingwasobservedoverthetimeofthestudyperiod.WASHwasanotherareaofinterest,andoutcomessuchasaccesstodrinkingwatersourcesinthedryseason,andaccesstoimprovedsanitation,showedmeasurableincreasesatendline.However,otherbeneficialpractices,suchashandwashingdidnotincreasesatisfactorily.Whileknowledgeofgoodnutritionpracticeswasfoundtoalsobequitehighatbaseline,itwasdeterminedthatthisknowledgedidnotalwaystranslateintopractice.Forexample,althoughtherewasknowledgeofthebenefitsofexclusivebreastfeeding,useofinfantformulawasstillcommon.Ms.Mouminalsodiscussedtherateofattritionfromtheprogramandgaveanoverviewofcommonfactorsleadinghouseholdstodropoutoftheprogram.Theseincludedprimarilylackofavailabletimeandlabor.Shesharedthatmostdropouthappenedearlyinthelifeoftheprogram,beforeanysignificantinvestmentsonthepartoftheprogramorthehousehold.DropoutwashighestinPhnomPenh,wheremostdropoutwasduetoalternativeincome-generatingactivities.Thegreatestdropoutoccurredamonghouseholdswhowereinvolvedinonlygardening,notlivestockrearingoraquaculture.Differencesinwealthdidnotseemtoaffectriskofdropout.

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LessonsLearnedMr.ZamanTalukder,HKIMr.Talukderofferedareviewofthemajorlessonslearnedoverthethree-yearcourseoftheFF4FProject.Onemajorlessonwasestablishingthetimelinerequiredtorecruithouseholds,andtheminimumtimeoverwhichresultscouldbedeterminedfortheoutcomesofinterest.Anotherimportanttakeawaywastheoverallhigherinterestandhigherretentionforlivestockandfishfarmingrelativetogardeningalone.Theaquaculturecomponentwasfoundtobemoresuccessfulinlow-lyingareas,whichwillbeimportanttoconsiderforpotentialfuturedissemination.Anotherlessonlearnedpertainedtothesensitivityoftoolsandmethodsusedtomeasurechangesinwomen’sempowerment,especiallygiventhesomewhathighlevelofempowermentatbaselineinthesample.Toolsmightbedesignedoradaptedtomeasureareasofempowermentbeyondthoseexaminedinthisstudyaswell.Poultrydiseases,andlackofaccesstohighqualitychicksweretwochallengesidentifiedinthepoultryprogram.Addressingthese,andemphasizingbestpracticestoensurechicksurvival,includingintransport,shouldbetwoareasforfutureeffort.PolicyImplicationsHouKroeun,HKIMr.KroeundeliveredapresentationonthepolicyimplicationsofthefindingsontheFamilyFarmsfortheFutureproject.HebeganbyreviewingtheprioritiesofthecurrentNationalStrategyforFoodSecurityandNutrition.Thecurrentprioritiesspanthreemajorareas;improvingsustainableaccesstofoodatthehouseholdlevel,improvingmaternalandchildnutritionduringthe1,000dayperiod,andreducingthevulnerabilityofthefoodinsecure.Mr.KroeunoutlinedtheprogrammaticgoalsandanticipatedimpactpathwayoftheFF4Fprojectandhighlightedhowcloselythesealignwiththenationalstrategicpriorities.Mr.Kroeunreiteratedandsummarizedtheresultspresentedbypriorspeakers,notingthepositivebenefitsFF4Fwasfoundtoproduceondietarydiversity,micronutrientconsumption,prevalenceofnutrientinadequacies,DALYs,householdincome,andhouseholdfoodsecurity.Giventhisrangeofpositivebenefits,themainpolicyimplicationMr.KroeunimpartedwasthattheFF4Fmodelshouldbeincludedinfoodsecurityandnutritionpolicy.Headdedthatpoly-cultureoflargeandsmallfishinhouseholdpondsshouldbeincorporatedintheFIA’snationalstrategyasameanstoimprovefoodsecurityandnutritionamongsmallholderfarmers.Communitysupportservicessuchasfishhatcheriesandvillagemodelfarmsshouldalsoberecommendedaspartofagricultureandaquaculturepoliciesandstrategies.Poultrymanagementandbestpracticestoimprovepoultrysurvivalratesshouldbeemphasizedinlivestockpolicy.Lastly,duetotheFF4F’spromisingfindingsontheeffectivenessofwomen’sempowermentprogramming,genderandwomen’s

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empowermentshouldbemoreprominentlyconsideredinfoodsecurityandnutritionpolicyasameanstoimprovefoodsecurityandnutrition.

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Appendix1.AgendaforFamilyFarmsfortheFutureDisseminationWorkshoponJune5,2018

Family Farms for the Future

Scale up ofEnhanced Homestead Food Production for Improved Household

Food Security and Nutrition in Cambodia

Dissemination WorkshopJune 5", 2018

Himawan’ Hate], Phnom Penh

TUESDAY JUNE 5"‘. 2018

ACTIVITY

l�2o��(oj7H��'���yf�@�n�l7H��(�� Arrival and registration at guests

$:lIl—8 10 ' Iniloduoiion and Nallonalfinthem"""""" '

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3 1o_3‘3oMs. Nancy Haaelow, Vioe PreaidentAeia Pacific, Helen Kelerlntemaliond

Mr. Sanliago Alba-Corral, Associate Direclnr, Food Security,International Development Research Cenire

3:30 — 8:45 I 0‘

Speech H.E. Sol: Silo De Liiy Secretary: Gepialgi-aFCounci fi:iiAgriculiural and ural Development: (CARD).

'

Photo Session

reaenlalion on Canadian Intemalional Food Security and Research Fund

CIFSRF} - by Mr. Frank Schneider, Depuly Direcior, Parinerehipa for Development

Innovation, Global Affaie Canada.

.. .°f.F.a.r1i.|r.Ea.r!-:§!9£!f.-2 .F.-me iE.F:*.FJ.F.'r.=5‘t2I.=1....................... ..

1. Iniroduciion to Enhanced Homestead Food Produclion

9“ ' 9452. Evolulion or FF-IF from Phase 1 In Phase 2

3. Overview ofihe FFwiF Program and Objeclives

4. Overview of Research and ProgrammaficComponents oi FF-{F

14

1. '|'Imeline of lrey l�2o��(o����

2_ Overview oi FF4F Fonrative Reseach: gap analysis, situational

anflyeis, gender anflyeis, value chain anflyeis

3. Household Targeting and iFOecn.|itmIent Strategy: deaoriplion,

suooesses and chalenges of cost-shaI'ing model

4. Piogramiratic CDI'I'|ZI3I18|"l‘i3I

a. Overview of innovations: EHFP models, tlsinhg packages,

halichenies, inurseries

10:00 - 11:nu_ _ _ _

ib_ ifleyelopinent and iIn'rplemenlahon oi vflue chain analyse: &

ibHl5irIB53'I'rBI'ikB‘[iI"Ig lrahing

c. Development and prooex oi adapting the NuturingConnections wumIen‘s tempowennenl apgproeoh for the

Cambodian oonleart

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..¢.....................

FF4F Case Study - Fish .'Ial'::heries: a sustainable arldprofiahlaenterprise for

l�2o��(o�����M��Pv}��t}������N��l�2o��(o�����O�� hycombinafian m‘oa,psandamall‘indigenou'sspeoies

FF-IF Ouloomes

1. Production: what, how n1L|o‘l1, and to what value?

2. Dietary irdalre

3. Eeonomi::~evalLIaI1ion

: FF4-F OI.I1oomIes[~ooI1hinL|edJ:

E 1. Results of household surveys measues: food security, gender

5 eirpowennerd, antl'I'opomIetry, WASH, inutlihionihealth iknowledge

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