finite element analysis based vibration behavior on warren truss … · by model analysis using...

Finite Element Analysis Based Vibration behavior on

Warren Truss Bridge

Ashuvendra Singh

Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering

Dev Bhoomi Institute of Technology, Dehradun, Uttarakhand

[email protected]

Faraz Ahmad

Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering


[email protected]

Nitish Kumar Saini

Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering


[email protected]

Abstract

A bridge is an important structure in the road

transportation network. Its performance during and

after an earthquake is quite crucial to provide relief as

well as for security purposes. It is also subjected to

vibration during the movement of vehicle. In present

work vibration behavior was carried out on warren

truss bridge using finite element analysis. The CAD

model of bridge was designed according to Indian

standard with the help of CATIA. In present analysis

bridge was designed like a composite structure to

provide better structural properties. Vibration

behavior of this composite structure was carried out

by model analysis using ANSYS. Furthermore the

CAD model was tested under static load of 500 KN.

The simulation result of vibration and deformation

was under satisfactory condition.

Keywords: Bridge, vibration, earthquake, warren

truss, finite element, CAD, CATIA, ANSYS.

Introduction

Bridge is the most widely used in transportation

engineering. To get from one place to another place

many Obstructions like ridge, valley, and river are

hurdle in path of human travelers. To overcome this

or to make journey more comfortable a structures

made up of concrete, steel, masonry and timber are

made. In today world composite bridges like steel-

concrete, timber- masonry etc are generally used.

Steel concrete bridges are favorite to Engineers

because of their aesthetic appearance, load carrying

capacity, long span, economically and their reduced

weight by using steel plate girders and concrete box

girders which aid in seismic design.

Nowadays rolling load Due to increase in loads and

speed problem are primary in transportation

engineering. Especially railway track and bridge

structures are severely affected by these growing

requirements by increased deformations. For existing

structures the load carrying capacity is a serious

concern. Solutions to which are: rebuilding the

structure or apply control system (with active, passive

or semi-passive vibration damping). These solutions

are not fully practical. Practical extent can be

increased by computational part of the project.

In the present study the vibration behavior of warren

type composite structures bridge was calculated.

Furthermore the Bridge was tested for a static load of

500 KN. Vibration of the composite structure bridge

depends on the geometry, materials, arrangement,

design and construction. An analytical solution is

done using a numerical problem with the help of

ANSYS software which is based on finite element

analysis. With the help of ANSYS software we have

found deformation on different vibration frequency as

well as stress strain behavior under static loading.

Material Properties and CAD Model

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 14, Number 9, 2019 (Special Issue) © Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com

Page 215 of 219

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This warren type composite bridge was constructed

with the help of structural steel and concrete.

Structural steel property is already available in

ANSYS database software. Girder dimensions of the

flange plates are 600mm x 40mm and web plate are

550mm x 20 mm .Thickness of concrete slab is

200mm which transfer the vehicle load to supported

girders. The thickness provided for wearing coat is

100 mm. Mechanical properties of the materials are

given in table 1.

Table 1: Mechanical properties

Materials Density

(Kg/m3)

Young’s

Modulus

(GPa)

Poisson

ratio

Structural

steel

7850 200 0.3

Concrete 2500 31.26 0.18

Bitumen 2250 2.944 0.5

Design details are given below and shown in

figure 3.

Types of bridge: warren truss

Length of span:30m

Carriage Width: - 7.5m

Height: - 5m

Wear course: - 0.10 m

Steel section: - ISWB550

The CAD model of the considered bridge was

design in CATIA and ANSYS was used as

analysis software. CATIA has power full tool for

designing complex geometry and ANSYS

reduce the problem by providing the user

friendly analysis interface. Now days ANSYS is

more popular in optimizing the engineering

problems like: structural, Model, thermal and

CFD etc. The figure 1 and 2 shows the 3-D CAD

model and mesh model of considered bridge.

The bridge consists of 82840 numbers of nodes

and 39573 numbers of elements.

Figure 1: 3-D Geometry of Bridge

Figure 2: Mesh Model

It can be seen in the figure 3 that bridge consist

of five structural steel section which support the

concrete slab and wear course. The trusses were

also made up of structural steel which helps in

load distribution. For analysis the steel section

was hold on expansion support from both the

end as shown in figure 4.

Figure 3: A schematic Diagram of Bridge cross

section


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Figure 4: Expansion support

Result and Model Analysis

The CAD model was imported to ANSYS

workbench; material properties and expansion

support boundary condition were used for vibration

analysis. Furthermore, first 6 mode shape and the

deformation on corresponding frequency were

calculated for the considered bridge problem. Figure

5 shows mode shape and deformation under different

vibration and loading condition and figure 6 shows

graphical representation of all six modes with

vibration frequency. The variations of deformation

with respect to different frequency were represented

in tabular form as shown in Table 2.

Mode 1 Mode 2

Mode 3 Mode 4

Mode 5 Mode 6

Figure 5: Mode shape and deformation at different vibration frequency.

Table 2: vibration Frequency and corresponding

deformation


Page 217 of 219

Mode

No.

Vibration

Frequency

(HZ)

Deformation

(mm)

1 7.6142 0.04997

2 8.1949 0.09045

3 10.482 0.07754

4 13.232 0.08648

5 13.636 0.11081

6 15.098 0.10464

Figure 6: Frequency variation in first six modes

Static Structural Analysis

The CAD model of bridge was again analyzed

for structural deformation under a loading of 500

KN. The load was applied on mid span which

was shown in figure 7. The maximum total

deformation is 0.7862 mm and Y directional

deformation is 0.0149 mm shown in figure 8 and

9 respectively. Stress and strain distribution is

shown in figure 10 and 11 respectively.

Figure 7: Loading condition

Figure 8: Total Deformation

Figure 9: Directional Deformation in Y axis

Figure 10: Stress Distribution

Figure 11: Strain Distribution

Conclusion

0

10

20

1 2 3 4 5 6

Frequency veriation

NaturalFrequency(Hz)


Page 218 of 219

The bridge model was design according to the Indian

standard provisions. Frequency based analysis was

performed to find out the resonance frequency of the

considered bridge. In figure 5 we can see, in first 6

modes of failures we have the range of frequency

7.6142 to 15.098 Hz. So the 7.6142 Hz was selected

for the fundamental operating frequency of the

bridge. Furthermore the result of the Static Structural

analysis shown the deformation, stress and strain are

under safety limit. In future it will be interesting to

analyze this model with different material and design

to find out the best suited structure for serviceability

purpose.

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