DAY 3 – SESSION 1DAY 3 – SESSION 1

FIRE ALARM SYSTEMFIRE ALARM SYSTEM

FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION SYSTEMSYSTEM

• FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM SYSTEMS ARE DESIGNED TO SYSTEMS ARE DESIGNED TO PROVIDE WARNING OF THE PROVIDE WARNING OF THE OUTBREAK OF FIRE AND ALLOW OUTBREAK OF FIRE AND ALLOW APPROPRIATE FIRE FIGHTING ACTION APPROPRIATE FIRE FIGHTING ACTION TO BE TAKEN BEFORE THE TO BE TAKEN BEFORE THE SITUATION GOES OUT OF CONTROLSITUATION GOES OUT OF CONTROL

FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION SYSTEMSYSTEM

BUILDING BYLAWSBUILDING BYLAWS• UBBL 133UBBL 133• UBBL 225(1)UBBL 225(1)• UBBL 237UBBL 237• UBBL 238UBBL 238• UBBL 239UBBL 239• UBBL 240UBBL 240• UBBL 241UBBL 241• UBBL 244(g)UBBL 244(g)• UBBL 245UBBL 245• UBBL 246UBBL 246• TENTH SCHEDULETENTH SCHEDULE

CODES AND STANDARDSCODES AND STANDARDS• BS5839 Part 1:1988 – Code BS5839 Part 1:1988 – Code

of Practice for system of Practice for system design, installation and design, installation and servicingservicing

• BS5389 Part 2 :1983 – BS5389 Part 2 :1983 – Specification for Manual Specification for Manual Call pointsCall points

• BS5389 Part 3 :1988 – BS5389 Part 3 :1988 – Spec. for Automatic Spec. for Automatic release mechanism release mechanism

• MS1404 :Part 4: 1996 – MS1404 :Part 4: 1996 – Spec. for control and Spec. for control and indicative equipmentindicative equipment

FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION SYSTEM FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION SYSTEM – TYPE OF PROTECTION AND – TYPE OF PROTECTION AND COVERAGECOVERAGE• MANUAL – A SYSTEM WHICH PROVIDES MANUAL MANUAL – A SYSTEM WHICH PROVIDES MANUAL

ACTIVATION : MANUAL CALL POINTS OR BREAKGLASSACTIVATION : MANUAL CALL POINTS OR BREAKGLASS• AUTOMATIC – A SYSTEM THAT AUTOMATICALLY DETECTS A AUTOMATIC – A SYSTEM THAT AUTOMATICALLY DETECTS A

FIRE AND INITIATES EFFECTIVE ALARM (EG SMOKE AND FIRE AND INITIATES EFFECTIVE ALARM (EG SMOKE AND HEAT DETECTOR)HEAT DETECTOR)

• ACTUATION OF ANCILLARY SERVICES - PROVISION TO OPEN ACTUATION OF ANCILLARY SERVICES - PROVISION TO OPEN AND CLOSE THE CIRCUIT OF ANCILLARY SERVICES – AND CLOSE THE CIRCUIT OF ANCILLARY SERVICES – TRIPPING OF AHUS, INITIATION OF PRESSURISATION FANS, TRIPPING OF AHUS, INITIATION OF PRESSURISATION FANS, SMOKE SPILL FANS, ETC.SMOKE SPILL FANS, ETC.

• LIFE PROTECTION – PROVISION OF PROTECTION OF LIFE, LIFE PROTECTION – PROVISION OF PROTECTION OF LIFE, WHICH IS THE SAFETY OF OCCUPANTS. WITH DETECTION WHICH IS THE SAFETY OF OCCUPANTS. WITH DETECTION OF FIRE, INITIATES AN ALARM OF FIRE, AND PROVIDES OF FIRE, INITIATES AN ALARM OF FIRE, AND PROVIDES SUFFICIENT TIME FOR OCCUPANTS TO ESCAPE FROM THE SUFFICIENT TIME FOR OCCUPANTS TO ESCAPE FROM THE BUILDINGBUILDING

• PROPERTY PROTECTION – PROVISION OF PROTECTION OF PROPERTY PROTECTION – PROVISION OF PROTECTION OF PROPERTY AND CONTENTS. IN AN EVENT OF A FIRE PROPERTY AND CONTENTS. IN AN EVENT OF A FIRE DETECTED, ALARM IS INITIATED AND INDICATES LOCATION DETECTED, ALARM IS INITIATED AND INDICATES LOCATION OF FIRE, AND SUMMONS FIRE BRIGADE.OF FIRE, AND SUMMONS FIRE BRIGADE.

TYPES OF FIRE ALARM TYPES OF FIRE ALARM SYSTEMSYSTEM

• CONVENTIONAL FIRE ALARM SYSTEM CONVENTIONAL FIRE ALARM SYSTEM – HARDWIRING INDIVIDUALLY.– HARDWIRING INDIVIDUALLY.

• ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM ADDRESSABLE SYSTEM

• ANALOGUE ADDRESSABLE SYSTEMSANALOGUE ADDRESSABLE SYSTEMS

MAIN COMPONENTS MAIN COMPONENTS

• FIRE ALARM PANEL – TO BE LOCATED IN THE FIRE FIRE ALARM PANEL – TO BE LOCATED IN THE FIRE CONTROL ROOM. ABLE TO FAULT, TEST, AND CONTROL ROOM. ABLE TO FAULT, TEST, AND ISOLATE EACH POINT, COMPLETE WITH PRINTERISOLATE EACH POINT, COMPLETE WITH PRINTER

• MIMIC DIAGRAM INDICATING THE BUILDING MIMIC DIAGRAM INDICATING THE BUILDING INCLUSIVE OF ZONE INDICATION LIGHTS.INCLUSIVE OF ZONE INDICATION LIGHTS.

• FIELD DEVICES – FIRE DETECTORS : SMOKE FIELD DEVICES – FIRE DETECTORS : SMOKE DETECTORS, HEAT DETECTORSDETECTORS, HEAT DETECTORS

• ALARM SOUNDERS – ALARM BELL / VISUAL ALARMALARM SOUNDERS – ALARM BELL / VISUAL ALARM• MANUAL CALL POINTS - BREAKGLASS AND ALARM MANUAL CALL POINTS - BREAKGLASS AND ALARM

BELLSBELLS

MAIN COMPONENTSMAIN COMPONENTS

• INDICATION OF FIRE RELATED EQUIPMENT SUCH INDICATION OF FIRE RELATED EQUIPMENT SUCH AS FIRE PUMPS, GENSET, FIRE RELATED FANS, HI / AS FIRE PUMPS, GENSET, FIRE RELATED FANS, HI / LOW WATER LEVEL ALARM FOR FIRE TANKSLOW WATER LEVEL ALARM FOR FIRE TANKS

• BATTERY BACK UP AND CHARGER FOR FIRE ALARM BATTERY BACK UP AND CHARGER FOR FIRE ALARM SYSTEMSYSTEM

• CONTROLS OF SPECIFIC FIRE RELATED FANS SUCH CONTROLS OF SPECIFIC FIRE RELATED FANS SUCH AS PRESSURISATION FANS, SMOKE SPILL FANS, AS PRESSURISATION FANS, SMOKE SPILL FANS, ETC. ETC.

• FIRE SIGNALLING TO INITIATE OPERATION OR TO FIRE SIGNALLING TO INITIATE OPERATION OR TO TRIP OPERATION OF SPECIFIC EQUIPMENTTRIP OPERATION OF SPECIFIC EQUIPMENT

• CONNECTION TO THE NEAREST FIRE BRIGADE CONNECTION TO THE NEAREST FIRE BRIGADE STATION VIA CMSSTATION VIA CMS

AUDIO AND VISUAL ALARMAUDIO AND VISUAL ALARM

• NORMALLY ONLY AUDIO ALARM PROVIDED NORMALLY ONLY AUDIO ALARM PROVIDED – ALARM BELLS– ALARM BELLS

• ALARM BELLS SHOULD HAVE MINIMUM ALARM BELLS SHOULD HAVE MINIMUM SOUND LEVEL OF 65db(A), SUSTAINABLE SOUND LEVEL OF 65db(A), SUSTAINABLE FOR MINIMUM 30 SECONDSFOR MINIMUM 30 SECONDS

• NORMALLY LOCATED AT THE FIRE CONTROL NORMALLY LOCATED AT THE FIRE CONTROL PANEL, ALL ESCAPE STAIRCASES TOGETHER PANEL, ALL ESCAPE STAIRCASES TOGETHER WITH THE MANUAL CALL POINTSWITH THE MANUAL CALL POINTS

• VISUAL ALARM NORMALLY PROVIDED FOR VISUAL ALARM NORMALLY PROVIDED FOR AREAS WHICH ARE SENSITIVE TO NOISE AREAS WHICH ARE SENSITIVE TO NOISE SUCH AS HOSPITALS.SUCH AS HOSPITALS.

MANUAL CALL POINTSMANUAL CALL POINTS

• LOCATED ON EXIT ROUTES AND IN LOCATED ON EXIT ROUTES AND IN PARTICULAR ON THE FLOOR LANDINGS OR PARTICULAR ON THE FLOOR LANDINGS OR STAIRWAYS AND AT EXITS TO OPEN AIR.STAIRWAYS AND AT EXITS TO OPEN AIR.

• TO LOCATED AS SUCH THAT TO RAISE AN TO LOCATED AS SUCH THAT TO RAISE AN ALARM, NO PERSON IN THE PREMISES ALARM, NO PERSON IN THE PREMISES NEED TRAVE MORE THAN 30 METERSNEED TRAVE MORE THAN 30 METERS

• MUST BE LOCATED FOR EASY SIGHTING MUST BE LOCATED FOR EASY SIGHTING AND NORMALLY IS RED IN COLOUR.AND NORMALLY IS RED IN COLOUR.

FIRE DETECTORS – HEAT FIRE DETECTORS – HEAT DETECTORDETECTOR

VARIOUS TYPES AVAILABLE :VARIOUS TYPES AVAILABLE :

• FIXED TEMPERATURE HEAT FIXED TEMPERATURE HEAT DETECTORDETECTOR

• RATE OR RISE TEMPERATURE HEAT RATE OR RISE TEMPERATURE HEAT DETECTORDETECTOR

• LINEAR – LINE DETECTORLINEAR – LINE DETECTOR

HEAT DETECTOR – DESIGN HEAT DETECTOR – DESIGN CONSIDERATION (POINT CONSIDERATION (POINT DETECTION)DETECTION)• GENERALLY ONE POINT HEAT DETECTOR CAN GENERALLY ONE POINT HEAT DETECTOR CAN

COVER 50M2 OF AREA OR 5.3M RADIUS OF COVER 50M2 OF AREA OR 5.3M RADIUS OF COVERAGECOVERAGE

• FOR PITCH ROOF HEAT DETECTORS TO BE FOR PITCH ROOF HEAT DETECTORS TO BE INSTALLED ON THE APEXINSTALLED ON THE APEX

• LIMITS OF HEIGHTS FOR HEAT DETECTOR LIMITS OF HEIGHTS FOR HEAT DETECTOR INSTALLATION (GL – GENERAL LIMITS; RA – RAPID INSTALLATION (GL – GENERAL LIMITS; RA – RAPID ATTENDANCE TYPE):ATTENDANCE TYPE):GRADE 1 : GL – 9.0 M ; RA – 13.5MGRADE 1 : GL – 9.0 M ; RA – 13.5MGRADE 2 : GL – 7.5M ; RA – 12.0MGRADE 2 : GL – 7.5M ; RA – 12.0MGRADE 3 : GL – 6.0M ; RA – 10.5MGRADE 3 : GL – 6.0M ; RA – 10.5M

FIRE DETECTORS – SMOKE FIRE DETECTORS – SMOKE DETECTORSDETECTORS

TYPES OF SMOKE DETECTORSTYPES OF SMOKE DETECTORS

• IONISATION SMOKE DETECTORIONISATION SMOKE DETECTOR

• OPTICAL SMOKE DETECTOROPTICAL SMOKE DETECTOR

• ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTORASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTOR

• BEAM SMOKE DETECTORBEAM SMOKE DETECTOR

SMOKE DETECTOR – DESIGN SMOKE DETECTOR – DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS (POINT DETECTION)CONSIDERATIONS (POINT DETECTION)

• GENERALLY ONE POINT SMOKE DETECTOR CAN COVER APPROX. GENERALLY ONE POINT SMOKE DETECTOR CAN COVER APPROX. 100M2 OF AREA OR 7.5M RADIUS OF COVERAGE. FOR ASPIRATING 100M2 OF AREA OR 7.5M RADIUS OF COVERAGE. FOR ASPIRATING SMOKE DETECTOR DEPENDING ON SENSITIVITY AND RESPONSE SMOKE DETECTOR DEPENDING ON SENSITIVITY AND RESPONSE TIME REQUIRED, COVERAGE NORMALLY LIMITED TO 100M2.TIME REQUIRED, COVERAGE NORMALLY LIMITED TO 100M2.

• FOR PITCH ROOF SMOKE DETECTORS TO BE INSTALLED ON THE FOR PITCH ROOF SMOKE DETECTORS TO BE INSTALLED ON THE APEXAPEX

• LIMITS OF HEIGHTS FOR SMOKE DETECTOR INSTALLATION (GL – LIMITS OF HEIGHTS FOR SMOKE DETECTOR INSTALLATION (GL – GENERAL LIMITS; RA – RAPID ATTENDANCE TYPE):GENERAL LIMITS; RA – RAPID ATTENDANCE TYPE):NORMAL SMOKE DETECTOR : GL – 10.5 M ; RA – 15.0MNORMAL SMOKE DETECTOR : GL – 10.5 M ; RA – 15.0MOPTICAL BEAM DETECTOR : GL – 25.0M ; RA – 40.0MOPTICAL BEAM DETECTOR : GL – 25.0M ; RA – 40.0MGRADE 3 : GL – 6.0M ; RA – 10.5MGRADE 3 : GL – 6.0M ; RA – 10.5M

• OPTICAL BEAM DETECTORSOPTICAL BEAM DETECTORSSHOULD BE INSTALLED ABOVE PEOPLE HEIGHT – NORMALLY AT SHOULD BE INSTALLED ABOVE PEOPLE HEIGHT – NORMALLY AT ATRIUM AREAS.ATRIUM AREAS.MAXIMUM LENGTH OF AREA PROTECTED BY SINGLE BEAM MAXIMUM LENGTH OF AREA PROTECTED BY SINGLE BEAM DETECTOR SHOULD NOT EXCEED 100M.DETECTOR SHOULD NOT EXCEED 100M.

FIRE DETECTORS – FLAME FIRE DETECTORS – FLAME DETECTORSDETECTORS

• SHOULD BE USED FOR AREAS WHERE SHOULD BE USED FOR AREAS WHERE THERE IS LIKELYHOOD OF RAPID FLAME THERE IS LIKELYHOOD OF RAPID FLAME DEVELOPMENT, SO THAT AN ALARM IS DEVELOPMENT, SO THAT AN ALARM IS REQUIRED BEFORE PRODUCTS OF REQUIRED BEFORE PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION OR HEAT WILL REACH A COMBUSTION OR HEAT WILL REACH A THRESHOLD LEVEL TO RAISE AN ALARM.THRESHOLD LEVEL TO RAISE AN ALARM.

• FLAME DETECTORS ARE ESSENTIALLY A FLAME DETECTORS ARE ESSENTIALLY A ‘LINE OF SIGHT’ DEVICE WHICH SENSE ‘LINE OF SIGHT’ DEVICE WHICH SENSE FLAMES IN A SET FIELD OF VIEW FLAMES IN A SET FIELD OF VIEW (NORMALLY A CONE OF VISION ANGLE )(NORMALLY A CONE OF VISION ANGLE )