Fire DisturbanceActive fire products (IGBP requirements 1993)

•ATSR, (O. Arino – 1995 - NOW-10 years time series)•TRMM, (L. Giglio, 1998 - NOW)•DMSP, (C. Elvidge, 90s)•MODIS, (L. Giglio, in preparation)•GOES, (E. Prins) + MSG,

Burned areas products (GOFC requirements 1999, GBA2000, GLOBSCAR, GLOBCARBON)Conversion to emissions (G.van der Werf)

O. Arino, D. Defrenne and S. Plummer, 29 September 2005

World Fire Atlas

308 or 312K – 3.7µm channel

Global

1995-present

ATSR-2 + AATSR

1km*1km

3-day repeat

monthly files in ascii format (Date, Lat and Long)

http://dup.esrin.esa.int/ionia/wfa/

Underestimation, industrial sites not masked, night-time

Seasonal distribution of fires in 2000

Jan. Dec.

ATSR WFA Product Series• Processing Status (more than 700,000 ATSR-2 images processed)

1995: November - December1996: August - December1997: Whole year1998: Whole year1999: Whole year2000: Whole year2001: Whole year2002: Whole year2003: Whole year (continuity ensured by AATSR: 14 x 365 orbits x 760 Mb)2004: Whole year (14 x 365 orbits)2005: January to June2005: As from November (first week of each next month)

• Data Accesshttp://dup.esrin.esa.int/ionia/wfa/index.asp

ATSR WFA Exploitation74 Users (papers list on web)80 % atmospheric chemistry10 % environment10 % otherBest of: Major Impacts of Early Intensive Cattle

Stocking on Tallgrass Prairies: The Case of the Greater Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido), Robbins and Ortega, The University of Kansas, North American Bird, Volume 56 (2002), Number 2.

User Registration• Registration system online: 13/09/05 at 16:00• First external registration: 13/09/05 at 19:58!• 22/09/05: 12 external registrations• France, Canada, Senegal, Portugal, USA

Login window: needed to access the products

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ATSR-2:

1995 to 2002

AATSR:

2003 to present

ATSR - AATSR continuity01/01/2003 to 15/01/2003 ALGO1

-60

-40

-20

0

20

40

60

80

-200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200

LON

LAT ATSR2

AASTR

Defrenne et al., poster

ATSR WFA Regimes

WFA-TRMM

Burned Area - History• Year 2000 – two independent demonstrators of detection of

global burned area on a monthly basis: GLOBSCAR and GBA-2000

GlobscarGBA-2000Red = detected active fires in WFA

Region around Kruger National Park, South Africa

WFA-GLOBSCAR

World Fire Atlas over Africa, 2000 GLOBSCAR over Africa, 2000

Plummer et al, this afternoon

WFA Tool• Input:

Software used to develop this tool Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0Free GIS object library INOVAGIS

(

Objective Discriminate hot spots by Geographical and temporal bounding box.

www.inovagis.org)

Further developmentTool available for all users on WFA

server (www.esa.int/due/ionia)

Bounding Box

• Output:

Start date and end dateStart and end timeAlgorithm choice

CountryContinent

Shape file with the data discriminated.

Seasonal - Interannual

Annual Variation

500

5500

10500

15500

20500

25500

Janu

aryFeb

ruary

March

April

May

June July

Augus

tSep

tembe

rOcto

ber

November

December

Num

bero

f Fir

es

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Continental

Nov-95

Feb-96M

ay-96A

ug-96N

ov-96Feb-97M

ay-97A

ug-97N

ov-97Feb-98M

ay-98A

ug-98N

ov-98Feb-99M

ay-99A

ug-99N

ov-99Feb-00M

ay-00A

ug-00N

ov-00Feb-01M

ay-01A

ug-01N

ov-01Feb-02M

ay-02A

ug-02N

ov-02Feb-03M

ay-03A

ug-03N

ov-03Feb-04M

ay-04A

ug-04N

ov-04Feb-05M

ay-0

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

Num

ber o

f Fire

s

Time

Number of Fires by Continent Europe

Australia

Asia withoutRussiaNorth America

Russia

Africa

SouthAmerica

CountriesNumber Total of hot spots detected by the WFA by country

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Nov-95Mar-96Jul-96Nov-96Mar-97Jul-97Nov-97Mar-98Jul-98Nov-98Mar-99Jul-99Nov-99Mar-00Jul-00Nov-00Mar-01Jul-01Nov-01Mar-02Jul-02Nov-02Mar-03Jul-03Nov-03Mar-04Jul-04Nov-04Mar-05

Time

Num

ber o

f Hot

spo

tsCanadaBrazilIndonesiaRussia

Direct measurements

Comparison Between NO2 monthly mean tropospheric column and the number of hot spots detected over Angola

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

01/11/199501/05/199601/11/199601/05/199701/11/199701/05/199801/11/199801/05/199901/11/199901/05/200001/11/200001/05/200101/11/200101/05/200201/11/200201/05/200301/11/200301/05/200401/11/200401/05/2005

Number of f ires

No2 Trposphericcolumn mean (10e15molec/cm²)

http://www.temis.nl

GOME:1996-2002

SCIA: 2003 - NOWComparison Between NO2 monthly mean tropospheric column

and the number of hot spots detected over Zambia

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

01/11/199501/05/199601/11/199601/05/199701/11/199701/05/199801/11/199801/05/199901/11/199901/05/200001/11/200001/05/200101/11/200101/05/200201/11/200201/05/200301/11/200301/05/200401/11/200401/05/2005

Number of f ires

No2 Trposphericcolumn mean (10e15molec/cm²)

Comparison Between NO2 monthly mean tropospheric column and the number of hot spots detected over Zimbabwe

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

01/11/199501/05/199601/11/199601/05/199701/11/199701/05/199801/11/199801/05/199901/11/199901/05/200001/11/200001/05/200101/11/200101/05/200201/11/200201/05/200301/11/200301/05/200401/11/200401/05/2005

Number of f ires

No2 Trposphericcolumn mean (10e15molec/cm²)

Comparison Between NO2 monthly mean tropospheric column and the number of hot spots detected over Bolivie

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000Number of f ires

No2 Trposphericcolumn mean (10e15molec/cm²)

Defrenne et al., just after

Diurnal Cycle

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Time (hrs)

Nor

mal

ised

sol

ar p

ositi

on

NOAA-12

NOAA-14MODIS

ENVISAT

ERS-2

NOAA-14

ERS-2

NOAA-12

MODIS

ENVISAT

Fire 1

Fire 3Fire 2

Fire 1 (next day)

MODIS

MODIS

Trend? Need for more data

Years Number of hot spots filteredTotal number of hot spots detected residual %

1997 9765 94540 84775 10.32896

1998 11003 124091 113088 8.86688

1999 10635 87777 77142 12.11593

2000 9740 86879 77139 11.21099

2001 6893 78191 71298 8.815593

2002 7322 98353 91031 7.444613

2003 6451 92058 85607 7.007539

2004 7318 88771 81453 8.243683

9.254274

SST trend, D. Llewellyn-Jones et al., 2004

ATSR continuity beyond 2011

Summary

• Timing and location of fires is well known. Long timeseries (WFA, TRMM) as well as improved capabilities from new sensors (MODIS)

• Improved interannual burned area products will soon be released (GLOBCARBON, GFEDv2) ~monthly/10km resolution

• Better knowledge on diurnal cycle (ATSR, TRMM, 4 MODIS, GOES, MSG) overpasses need to be integrated globally

• Emissions from savanna and boreal regions are becoming better constrained. Peat issues in boreal region and Indonesia

• Requirements for fire/feedback from users:emission products? NRT? Diurnal Cycle?