fire severity and succession: spatial and temporal patterns and implications for herbivores
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Fire severity and succession: spatial and temporal patterns and implications for herbivores. Fire severity. Patterns of vegetation dominance in the second decade of succession. Implications for herbivores. Post-fire residual organic layer depth as a metric of fire severity. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Fire severity and succession: spatial and temporal patterns and
implications for herbivores
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Fire severity Implications for herbivores
Patterns of vegetation dominance in the second
decade of succession
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Carbon loss Permafrost thaw
Post-fire soil moisture and temperature
Resprouting potential / seed availabilityPost-fire seedling recruitment and establishment
Post-fire residual organic layer depth as a metric of fire severity
Shallow organic layer = high severityDeep organic layer = low severity
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Mature black spruce
Low severity
burn
High severityburn
Time
Time
Seedling recruitmentand establishment phase
(Johnstone and Kasischke 2005)
Black spruce self replacement
Persistent deciduous canopy presence?
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STUDY SITES 1987 Granite Creek Burn- GC87 1994 Hajdukovich Creek Burn- HC94 1999 Donnelly Flats burn- DF99
1990 Tok burn – TK90
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OL depth >8cm
Study sites in 1994 Hajdukovich Creek burn
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OL depth 4-8 cm
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OL depth 0-4 cm
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Aspen
Stem density decreased by 60 %
Biomass per unit area increased ~2 fold
Average individual biomass increased ~ 3 fold
Changes in stand density and biomassfrom 8 yrs to 14 yrs post-fire
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Stem density was unchanged
Biomass per unit area increased 40 fold
Average individual biomass increased ~ 30 fold
Spruce
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Fire severity effects on species recruitment and establishment patterns are persistent
Shenoy et al. 2011, FEM 261, pp 381-90
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Fire severity- species composition relationships across multiple burns
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Divergent successional trajectories are developing at two ends of the fire severity spectrum
Shenoy et al .2011
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Aspen
Growth rates of black spruce and aspen in low versus high severity sites (HC94 burn)
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Organic layer depth
Willow biomass
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OL depth < 1 cm
Low severity High severity
OL depth ~14 cm
Persistent shift in forest composition
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Rachel Lord thesis 2008
Forage availability in HC94 burn
Density of forage species(aspen, willow, birch)
Browse production
Browse removal per ha (x6)
In high severity sites:
Browsing pressure was high throughout HC94 burn
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Adapted from Paragi and Kellie 2008 ADFG
Browse production and removal in HC94 burn
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Kalin Kellie (ADFG) personal communication
High moose densities in the HC94 burn
Densest moose populations (within GMU 20D) in areas that burned 11-30 years ago Maier et al. 2005, CJFR Vol.35 pp2233-2243
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Implications of variation in fire severity for herbivores
FIRE
Fire severity Deciduous: coniferousbiomass
Forage availability
Nutrition Moose populationdensity
Site architecture Forage accessibility
Hunter success
Growth rates of aspen and spruce
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Thank you!Knut KiellandJill JohnstoneEric KasischkeRoger Ruess
Field work:Kirsten BarrettMatt BorrCameron CarrollBen CookCassidy PhillipsAdrian Rocha
Thank you!