FirstPerson New Media as

Story, Performance, and Game

Edited by Noah Wardrip-Fruin and Pat Harrigan

Designed by Michael Crumpton

The MIT Press

Cambridge, Massachusetts

London, England

Contents x. Dedication and Acknowledgments

xi. Introduction

xiii. Contributors

I. Cyberdrama

II. Ludology

I I I . Critical Simulation

IV. Game Theories

;TÄr.. - Ш - V« Hypertexts & Interactives

VI. The Pixel/The Line

• VII. Beyond Chat

I'full VIII . New Readings

Permissions Index

Contents FIRSTPERSON

i I. Cyberdrama 2 Janet Murray: From Game-Story to Cyberdrama

2 Response by Bryan Loyall

io From Espen Aarseth's Online Response

12 Ken Perlin: Can There Be a Form between a Game and a Story?

12 Response by Will Wright

14 From Victoria Vesna's Online Response

19 Michael Mateas: A Preliminary Poetics for Interactive Drama and Games

19 Response by Brenda Laurel

23 From Gonzalo Frasca's Online Response

1

135 II. Ludology 136 Markku Eskelinen: Towards Computer Game Studies

136 Response by J . Yellowlees Douglas

137 Note Regarding Richard Schechner's Response

"45 Espen Aarseth: Genre Trouble: Narrativism and the Art of Simulation

145 Response by Chris Crawford

47 From Stuart Moulthrop's Online Response

56 Stuart Moulthrop: From Work to Play: Molecular Culture in the Time of

I Deadly Games

|56 Response by Diane Gromala

160 From John Cayley's Online Response: Playing with Play

71 I I I . Critical Simulation 73 Simon Penny: Representation, Enaction, and the Ethics of Simulation 73 Response by Eugene Thacker 75 From N. Katherine Hayles's Online Response

85 GonzaLo Frasca: Videogames of the Oppressed: Cntical Thinking, Education, Tolerance, and Other Trivial Issues

85 Response by Mizuko I to 88 From Eric Zimmerman's Online Response

95 Phoebe Sengers: Schizophrenia and Narrative in Artificial Agents 95 Response by Lucy Suchman: Methods and Madness 98 From Michael Mateas's Online Response

1117 IV. Game Theories -.•й*7»>%лг £'. «o.v:> . ж не Henry Jenkins: Game Design as Narrative Architecture

У$!У" °"Щж118 Response by Jon McKenzie 120 From Markku Eskelinen's Online Response

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'-+W*131 Jesper Juul : Introduction to Game Time I 1131 Response by Mizuko I to

» J ^ ' J 133 From Celia Pearce's Online Response

143 Celia Pearce: Towards a Game Theory of Game 143 Response by Mary Flanagan 145 From Mark Bernstein's Online Response: "And Back Again"

154 Eric Zimmerman: Narrative, Interactivity, Play, and Games: Four Naughty Concepts in Need of Discipline

154 Response by Chris Crawford 155 From Jesper Juul's Online Response: Unruly Games

Contents FIRSTPERSON

165 V. Hypertexts & Interactives

167 Mark Bernstein and Diane Greco: Card Shark and Thespis: Exotic Toobfor Hypertext Narrative

* 167 Response by Andrew Stern

173 From Ken Perlin's Online Response

183 Stephanie Strickland: Moving Through Me as I Move: A Paradigm for Interaction

183 Response by Rita Raley

185 From Camille Utterback's Online Response

192 J. Yellowlees Douglas and Andrew Hargadon: The Pleasures of Immersion and Interaction: Schemas, Scripts, and the Fifth Business

192 Response by Richard Schechner

197 From Henry Jenkins's Online Response

207 VI. The Pixel/The Line

208 John Cayley: Literat Art: Neither Lines nor Pixeb but Letters

208 Response by Johanna Drucker

210 From Nick Montfort's Online Response

218 Camille Utterback: Unusual Positions — Embodied Interaction with Symbolic Spaces

218 Response by Matt Gorbet

222 From Adrianne Wortzel's Online Response

227 Bill Seaman: Interactive Text and Recombinant Poetics — Media-Element Field Explorations

ill Response by Diane Gromala

1233 From Jill Walker's Online Response

Contents

237 VII. Beyond Chat 238 Warren Sack: What Does a Very Large-Scale Conversation Look Like? 238 Response by Rebecca Ross 239 From Phoebe Sengers's Online Response

249 Victoria Vesna: Community of People with No Time: Collaboration Shifts 249 Response by Stephanie Strickland

'262 Natalie Jeremijenko: If Things Can Talk, What Do They Say? If We Can Talk to Things, What Do We Say? Using Voice Chips and Speech Recognition Chips to Explore Structures of Participation in Sociotechnical Scripts

262 Response by Lucy Such man: Talking Things 265 From Simon Penny's Online Response

1289 VII I . New Readings 291 N. Katherine Hayles: Metaphoric Networks in Lexia to Perplexia

• 291 Response by Eugene Thacker |293 From Bill Seaman's Online Response

Ш Щзо2 Jill Walker: How I Was Played by Online Caroline {ИТОН

302 Response by Adrianne Wortzel 305 From Warren Sack's Online Response

310 Nick Montfort: Interactive Fiction as "Story," "Game," "Storygame," "Novel," "World," "Literature," "Puzzle," "Problem," "Riddle," and "Machine"

310 Response by Brenda Laurel

315 From Janet Murray's Online Response

319 Permissions

321 Index